From hamsat at xs4all.nl  Sat Oct  1 11:43:10 2016
From: hamsat at xs4all.nl (Nico Janssen)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 13:43:10 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] AlSat 1N identified
In-Reply-To: <3c6edbb2-fbdf-f284-59d4-09dda0f23549@xs4all.nl>
References: <3c6edbb2-fbdf-f284-59d4-09dda0f23549@xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <78aea962-0547-fab3-d152-a409b5b6d95c@xs4all.nl>

All,

Doppler measurements show that AlSat 1N is object 41789, 2016-059G.

73,
Nico PA0DLO



From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sat Oct  1 14:09:12 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 09:09:12 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatEvo download?
Message-ID: <000101d21bed$636b2110$2a416330$@GMAIL.COM>

Looking for a program called SatEvo by Alan Pickup which is used to predict decay rates.

All my Google/Bing searches come up with links to:

www.wingar.demon.co.uk/satevo

or some variation, which is a dead link.

Any current source?  I have seen relatively recent postings of output from the program.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA

-----------------------------------

Keep Calm and Carry On



From n8hm at arrl.net  Sat Oct  1 15:23:51 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 11:23:51 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] W3ZM/4 on the air from BSA Camp Snyder 10/2
Message-ID: <CABzOSOrBHYtFM441GwN02m6p5eEnv1tH7LECfiNf3bKLQT8Lhw@mail.gmail.com>

Good morning,

I will be conducting a satellite demonstration for Cub Scouts at the Boy
Scouts of America Chain Bridge District Camporall camporee at Camp Snyder
in Haymarket, VA tomorrow morning (October 2nd).

I will be on the following two passes:

 02.10.2016  AO-73        14:23 14:36    13   86  011 - 195
 02.10.2016  FO-29        14:48 15:05    17   23  121 - 357

Please call me and give me your city and state for the benefit of the
campers. I will be using the AMSAT club call, W3ZM/4, for this
demonstration.

73,

Paul, N8HM

From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sat Oct  1 15:49:29 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 10:49:29 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatEvo download? SOLVED
Message-ID: <000601d21bfb$6569a7d0$303cf770$@GMAIL.COM>

Apparently there is no current link, but DK3WN and PA0DLO both came up with the needed files.

Thank you both,

Alan
WA4SCA



<-----Original Message-----
<From: Alan [mailto:WA4SCA at GMAIL.COM]
<Sent: Saturday, October 01, 2016 9:09 AM
<To: AMSAT-BB (amsat-bb at amsat.org) <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
<Subject: SatEvo download?
<
<Looking for a program called SatEvo by Alan Pickup which is used to predict decay rates.
<
<All my Google/Bing searches come up with links to:
<
<www.wingar.demon.co.uk/satevo
<
<or some variation, which is a dead link.
<
<Any current source?  I have seen relatively recent postings of output from the program.
<
<73s,
<
<Alan
<WA4SCA
<
<-----------------------------------
<
<Keep Calm and Carry On



From n4zq at yahoo.com  Sat Oct  1 15:53:38 2016
From: n4zq at yahoo.com (Keith O'Brien)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 15:53:38 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C
References: <78830213.2684510.1475337218951.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <78830213.2684510.1475337218951@mail.yahoo.com>

All my CY9C LoTW were confirmed except for the FO-29 satellite QSO.Is anyone else seeing this or do I have a local issue ??
Keith N4ZQ


From samy_b1 at shell4you.net  Sat Oct  1 16:00:31 2016
From: samy_b1 at shell4you.net (Yanko Yankov)
Date: Sat, 01 Oct 2016 11:00:31 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C
In-Reply-To: <78830213.2684510.1475337218951@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <78830213.2684510.1475337218951.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<78830213.2684510.1475337218951@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <E7A1EC6F-3BEC-4718-BDDA-E570FB924137@shell4you.net>

Same here 

Yanko,nx9g

On October 1, 2016 10:53:38 AM CDT, Keith O'Brien via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org> wrote:
>All my CY9C LoTW were confirmed except for the FO-29 satellite QSO.Is
>anyone else seeing this or do I have a local issue ??
>Keith N4ZQ
>
>_______________________________________________
>Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>Opinions expressed
>are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
>of AMSAT-NA.
>Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>program!
>Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

-- 
Sent from my Android device with K-9 Mail. Please excuse my brevity.

From mjohns166 at yahoo.com  Sat Oct  1 16:00:59 2016
From: mjohns166 at yahoo.com (Mark Johns)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 16:00:59 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C
In-Reply-To: <78830213.2684510.1475337218951@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <78830213.2684510.1475337218951.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<78830213.2684510.1475337218951@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <2061034148.882146.1475337659174@mail.yahoo.com>

Same here.
-- 

Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ 
Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
-----------------------------------------------
"Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit, 
   you would stay out and your dog would go in." 
     ---Mark Twain


----- Original Message -----
From: Keith O'Brien via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
To: AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
Sent: Saturday, October 1, 2016 10:53 AM
Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C

All my CY9C LoTW were confirmed except for the FO-29 satellite QSO.Is anyone else seeing this or do I have a local issue ??
Keith N4ZQ

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From n8hm at arrl.net  Sat Oct  1 16:07:38 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 12:07:38 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C
In-Reply-To: <2061034148.882146.1475337659174@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <78830213.2684510.1475337218951.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<78830213.2684510.1475337218951@mail.yahoo.com>
	<2061034148.882146.1475337659174@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOq0z7ufU8j6XWSWi-LRkdBCMivT3DBvidL11ZR0kS6x6g@mail.gmail.com>

They have not yet prepared the satellite log for LoTW.
Hopefully it won't take long.

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Saturday, October 1, 2016, Mark Johns via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
wrote:

> Same here.
> --
>
> Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ
> Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
> -----------------------------------------------
> "Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit,
>    you would stay out and your dog would go in."
>      ---Mark Twain
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Keith O'Brien via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org <javascript:;>>
> To: AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org <javascript:;>>
> Sent: Saturday, October 1, 2016 10:53 AM
> Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C
>
> All my CY9C LoTW were confirmed except for the FO-29 satellite QSO.Is
> anyone else seeing this or do I have a local issue ??
> Keith N4ZQ
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <javascript:;>. AMSAT-NA makes this open
> forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <javascript:;>. AMSAT-NA makes this open
> forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From AJ9N at aol.com  Sat Oct  1 20:30:24 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 16:30:24 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-01 20:30
	UTC
Message-ID: <27f07a.698c845f.452176e0@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-01  20:30 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Yamanashi Gakuin J. H. School, Kofu, Japan, direct via  8J1YGJH 
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled  astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS 
Contact was successful: Sat 2016-10-01  08:11:36 UTC 31 deg (***)

Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala  Lumpur, Malaysia, direct via 9M2RPN
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled  to be OR4ISS 
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact is a  go for: Thu 2016-10-06 18:24:00 UTC 46 deg 

iSPACE, Cincinnati OH,  telebridge via IK1SLD 
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS  
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ 
Contact is a go for: Sat  2016-10-08 16:15:10 UTC 57 deg  

****************************************************************************
**
Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 122 (***)
Gaston ON4WF with  121 
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-01 20:30 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1085. (***)
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1050.  (***)
Each contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time  slot.
Total number of ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A  complete year by year breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-01 20:30 UTC.  

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From k8bl at ameritech.net  Sun Oct  2 00:30:14 2016
From: k8bl at ameritech.net (R.T.Liddy)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 00:30:14 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C
In-Reply-To: <CABzOSOq0z7ufU8j6XWSWi-LRkdBCMivT3DBvidL11ZR0kS6x6g@mail.gmail.com>
References: <78830213.2684510.1475337218951.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<78830213.2684510.1475337218951@mail.yahoo.com>
	<2061034148.882146.1475337659174@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CABzOSOq0z7ufU8j6XWSWi-LRkdBCMivT3DBvidL11ZR0kS6x6g@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1069935230.8022604.1475368214057@mail.yahoo.com>

Sat. Folks,I exchanged e-mails with Randy N0TG and he said therewere some issues with Sat Logging in their N1MM andit is being worked on. Resolution is expected soon andthey'll be in LoTW properly.73/GL, ? ? Bob ?K8BL

      From: Paul Stoetzer <n8hm at arrl.net>
 To: Mark Johns <mjohns at luther.edu>; Mark Johns <mjohns166 at yahoo.com> 
Cc: AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>; Keith O'Brien <n4zq at yahoo.com>
 Sent: Saturday, October 1, 2016 12:07 PM
 Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] CY9C
   
They have not yet prepared the satellite log for LoTW.
Hopefully it won't take long.

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Saturday, October 1, 2016, Mark Johns via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
wrote:

> Same here.
> --
>
> Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ
> Decorah, Iowa USA? EN43
> -----------------------------------------------
> "Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit,
>? ? you would stay out and your dog would go in."
>? ? ? ---Mark Twain
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Keith O'Brien via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org <javascript:;>>
> To: AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org <javascript:;>>
> Sent: Saturday, October 1, 2016 10:53 AM
> Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C
>
> All my CY9C LoTW were confirmed except for the FO-29 satellite QSO.Is
> anyone else seeing this or do I have a local issue ??
> Keith N4ZQ
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <javascript:;>. AMSAT-NA makes this open
> forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <javascript:;>. AMSAT-NA makes this open
> forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


   

From wao at vfr.net  Sun Oct  2 04:47:38 2016
From: wao at vfr.net (Joseph Spier)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 21:47:38 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] ANS-276 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins
Message-ID: <3799e347-9e7d-0604-286d-6b15db0490c2@vfr.net>

AMSAT NEWS SERVICE
ANS-276
The AMSAT News Service bulletins are a free, weekly news and infor-
mation service of AMSAT North America, The Radio Amateur Satellite
Corporation. ANS publishes news related to Amateur Radio in Space
including reports on the activities of a worldwide group of Amateur
Radio operators who share an active interest in designing, building,
launching and communicating through analog and digital Amateur Radio
satellites.

The news feed on http://www.amsat.org publishes news of Amateur
Radio in Space as soon as our volunteers can post it.

Please send any amateur satellite news or reports to:
ans-editor at amsat.org.

In this edition:

* NuSat-1 Issued Oscar Number LO-87
* Pratham Satellite Launched, Heard, and Identified
* AO-7 Mode A
* BATC Convention Includes Satellite Topics
* ARRL to Host CHIRP Radio Programming Webinar
* NASA Next Magazine for Teens and Educators
* Sign Up for NASA Education 'Science WOW!' Weekly Email Newsletter
* AMSAT Events
* ARISS News
* Satellite Shorts From All Over

SB SAT @ AMSAT $ANS-276.01
ANS-276 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins

AMSAT News Service Bulletin 276.01
 >From AMSAT HQ KENSINGTON, MD.
DATE October 2, 2016
To All RADIO AMATEURS
BID: $ANS-276.01


---------------------------------------------------------------------


NuSat-1 Issued Oscar Number LO-87


The Argentine ?uSAT-1 carrying the LUSEX (LU Satellite Experiment)
Amateur Radio U/V linear transponder and 436 MHz beacon launched
May 30 at 0317 UTC from China. The transponder, with a 30 kHz
bandwidth and transmitting with 250 mW, will has an uplink passband
(SSB, CW) at 435.935~435.965 MHz, and a downlink passband at
145.965~145.935 MHZ. Basic CW telemetry is transmitted on 145.900 MHz.
The NuSAT-1 GFSK telemetry beacon is at 436.445 MHz, and the NuSAT-2
GFSK telemetry beacon is at 437.445 MHz. Over the past month
AMSAT-Argentina has requested the issuance of an OSCAR designation.
After review, the following determination has been announced:

"I join the entire world in wishing this spacecraft a successful life
and, under the authority vested in me by the AMSAT-NA President, do
hereby issue LUSEX the designation LUSEX OSCAR 87 or LO-87."

73,
William A. (Bill) Tynan, W3XO
OSCAR Number Administrator

See
http://lusex.org.ar/


[ANS thanks AMSAT-NA for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


AlSat-1N and Pratham Satellites Launched, Heard, and Identified


The AlSat-1N and Pratham satellites, both with amateur radio payloads,
launched on the Indian ISRO PSLV-C35 mission at 0342 GMT on Monday,
September 26, 2016, reports are requested.

Update Sept 27: The AlSat-1N signal has been received but nothing heard
from Pratham. A Dorset radio amateur reports receiving a signal from PISAT
(2240 MHz) which was also on the PSLV-C35 launch
https://twitter.com/uhf_satcom/status/780808329392168960

Update Sept 29: Reports on AMSAT-BB indicate the Pratham CW beacon on
145.980 MHz is active.
http://www.amsat.org/pipermail/amsat-bb/2016-September/060551.html
http://www.amsat.org/pipermail/amsat-bb/2016-September/060552.html

The 3U CubeSat AlSat-1N was built in collaboration between the Algerian
Space Agency (ASAL), UK Space Agency (UKSA), Surrey Space Centre (SSC)
staff and Algerian students as a technology transfer and demonstrator
for Algeria.

AlSat-1N is also hosting three UK payloads from various institutions and
aims to take images of the Earth and send back data from the UK payloads.

The IARU coordinated downlink is 437.650 MHz 9k6 FSK.

Any downlinked data will be gratefully received at alsatnano at gmail.com
Both decoded hex files and recordings would be greatly appreciated. Richard
Duke M0GSN is transmission authority in the UK under the SSC Club callsign
M0GKK.

Further information on AlSat-1N can be downloaded from:

https://ukamsat.files.wordpress.com/2016/09/alsat-1n_description_v1.pdf
https://amsat-uk.org/2016/09/24/alsat-1n-pratham-launch/

Information on the Pratham student satellite is at
https://amsat-uk.org/2016/09/07/pratham-student-satellite/

Detailed doppler measurements show that Pratham is object 41791,
2016-059J.

This is based on the most recent TLE sets, that were published by
the JSpOC. Unfortunately the collection of TLE sets for the PSLV-C35
launch is not stable yet. The JSpOC continues to cross-tag TLE sets
and to make major changes to some of the TLE sets. So some further
changes may be expected in the coming days.

The JSpOC has not yet identified any of the objects from the PSLV-C35
launch. It seems quite obvious however that ScatSat is object 41790,
2016-059H.


[ANS thanks AMSAT-UK, AMSAT-BB, and Nico, PA0DLO, for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


AO-7 Mode A


Noted on the AMSAT-BB:
It appears that AO-7 switched to Mode A between 0400 and 0600 UTC today
9/30/2016. That suggests that the satellite is now in constant sunlight
and receiving enough power from the solar cells for the 24 hour timer to
stay on throughout it's entire orbit. Expect daily mode switches between
Mode A and Mode B to occur for the next three months or so.

As AO-7's orbit precesses and the periods of constant sunlight become fewer
and fewer, there will be less of an opportunity to use Mode A on a yearly
basis, so enjoy it while it lasts!

If you don't have a 10 meter antenna up to receive the downlink, try
whatever you can. I have used my AlexLoop Walkham Portable Magnetic Loop
with adequate results.

[ANS thanks Paul Stoetzer, N8HM AMSAT-NA Secretary for the above 
information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


BATC Convention Includes Satellite Topics


The British Amateur Television Club hosted a number of presentations
covering the latest equipment, modes and operating techniques (including
satellite topics) at the Convention for Amateur Television 2016 (CAT 16) at
Cosford on 24/25 September.

The satellite presentation slides and videos included:

Receiving and Presenting HamTV from the ISS
Noel Matthews, G8GTZ

Es'hail-2: Geostationary transponder for DATV
Graham Shirville, G3VZV and Dave Crump, G8GKQ

Links to the slides and video recordings are available on-line at:
https://wiki.batc.tv/Presentations_from_CAT_16


[ANS thanks the BATC for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARRL to Host CHIRP Radio Programming Webinar


ARRL will host a CHIRP Radio Programming webinar on Wednesday, October 19,
at 8 PM ET (0000 UTC on Thursday, October 20, in US time zones). This
presentation will offer a brief overview of the free, open-source CHIRP
software, which can be used to program most radios.

The site at http://chirp.danplanet.com/projects/chirp/wiki/Home explains
what the CHIRP software does.

Attendees will learn: What CHIRP is, which radios are supported, how to get
CHIRP, and how to troubleshoot CHIRP. Presenter James Lee, N1DDK, became
active in CHIRP development for the initial TYT9800 driver. He is a hardware
development engineer for Qualcomm.

Register now at https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/693479953177190401

After registering, you will receive a confirmation e-mail containing
information about joining the webinar.


[ANS thanks the ARRL for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


NASA Next Magazine for Teens and Educators


NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, recently released
the second issue of its new online news magazine for teens and educators
called "NASA Next."

"NASA Next" breaks down complex science and brings its audience the latest
news on Goddard science, including studies of Earth, the sun, our solar
system and the universe. "NASA Next" is interactive with clickable links to
other NASA web pages, so readers can learn more about the missions and
technologies they come across.

The magazine includes articles, fun facts, activities and a For Educators
page filled with lesson plans to help incorporate "NASA Next" into the
classroom. Educators and scientists review all lesson plans to ensure that
the content is accurate and useful in an educational setting and that it
meets national and state standards of learning.

For more information and to download the latest issue, visit
http://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/nasa-announces-new-issue-of-nasa-
next-online-news-for-teens-educators.

If you have questions about "NASA Next," please email your inquiries to
Sarah Schlieder at sarah.schlieder at nasa.gov.


[ANS thanks NASA Education Express Message -- Sept. 29, 2016 for the above
information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


Sign Up for NASA Education 'Science WOW!' Weekly Email Newsletter


Are you a science educator or interested in science education? Sign up for
the NASA Education "Science WOW!" mailing list. Receive an email with NASA's
latest science education offerings delivered "Weekly on Wednesdays."

Science starts with a question, and so does "Science WOW!" Each week's
message kicks off with a science question and a link to where you can find
the answer. "Science WOW!" also highlights an awesome science education tool
each week. These featured resources will include NASA apps, interactive
games, 3-D printing templates and more!

Plus, "Science WOW!" delivers -- right to your inbox -- the latest science
education opportunities offered by NASA. It's a simple way to keep up with
the latest professional development webinars, student contests, workshops,
lectures and other activities.

To register your email address and be added to the list, visit
https://www.nasa.gov/education/sciencewow/


[ANS thanks NASA Education Express Message -- Sept. 29, 2016 for the above
information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


AMSAT Events


Information about AMSAT activities at other important events around
the country.  Examples of these events are radio club meetings where
AMSAT Area Coordinators give presentations, demonstrations of working
amateur satellites, and hamfests with an AMSAT presence (a table with
AMSAT literature and merchandise, sometimes also with presentations,
forums, and/or demonstrations).

*Friday and Saturday, 21-22 October 2016 ? CopaFest 2016, south of
Maricopa AZ

*Saturday, 12 November 2016 ? Oro Valley Amateur Radio Club Hamfest in
Marana AZ

*Saturday, 3 December 2016 ? Superstition Superfest in Mesa AZ

*Saturday, 14 January 2017 ? Thunderbird Hamfest 2017 in Phoenix AZ

*Saturday, 4 February 2017 ? Palm Springs Hamfest in Palm Springs CA

*Friday-Sunday, 10-12 February 2017   Orlando HamCation in Orlando, FL

*Friday and Saturday, 17-18 February 2017 ? Yuma Hamfest in Yuma AZ


[ANS thanks AMSAT-NA for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARISS News


Successful Contacts

*  C.E.PR. Almad?n, Ja?n, Spain, direct via EA7URJ or TBD
The ISS callsign was OR4ISS
The scheduled astronaut was Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact was successful: Thu 2016-09-15 08:14:19 UTC

*  Yamanashi Gakuin J. H. School, Kofu, JapanA direct via 8J1YGJH
The ISS callsign was NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut was Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact was successful: Sat 2016-10-01 08:11:36 UTC 31 deg.

Yamanashi Gakuin Junior High School is located in Kofu, Yamanashi 
Prefecture.
Yamanashi Gakuin was founded in 1946. the current junior high school opened
in 1996 on its 50th anniversary.  The school has three grades and and
enrollment of 244 students.

Yamanashi Gakuin was successful. They asked 16 questions and got 16 answers
from Takuya. Signal condition not so good.
Audience: 60
Newspapers: 3


Upcoming Contacts

*  Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala  Lumpur, Malaysia, direct via 
9M2RPN
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled  to be OR4ISS
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact is a  go for: Thu 2016-10-06 18:24:00 UTC 46 deg.

The school is invited by National Space Agency Satellite Ground Station
with a call sign of 9M2RPN in conjunction with "National Space Challenge
Prime Minister's Trophy 2016" as in past years.
Total of students: 746 students
Total of teachers: 43 teachers

*  iSPACE, Cincinnati OH,  telebridge via IK1SLD
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact is a go for: Sat  2016-10-08 16:15:10 UTC 57 deg.

In 2001, iSPACE, a 501(c)(3) organization, incorporated as a STEM (science,
technology, engineering and math) educational resource for schools 
throughout
the Greater Cincinnati region. The iSPACE mission is to make STEM learning
exciting and to promote STEM career awareness, through interactive programs
for students, educators and families in the region.  iSPACE provides
innovative and effective programs, events and learning experiences for 
students
(grades pre-K?12), their educators and their families including field 
trips,
outreach, professional development and other programs that stimulate 
interest
and appreciation for STEM. In 2015, iSPACE programs served a diverse
population of 24,731 youth and 5,791 adults in more than 500 schools.
iSPACE works diligently to collaborate within the regional and their
programs are recognized for their effectiveness throughout the STEM 
community.
Through rigorous alignment to national and state standards and the 
utilization
of best practices, iSPACE continues to develop curriculum for educators and
inquiry?-based educational opportunities for students.  iSPACE has made a
mark in Greater Cincinnati for our high quality programs that measurably 
and
effectively inspire students in science, technology, engineering and
mathematics, increase their content knowledge and introduce them to
STEM careers.

Watch
http://www.ariss.org/upcoming-contacts.html
for information about upcoming contacts as they are scheduled.


[ANS thanks ARISS, Dave, AA4KN, and Charlie, AJ9N for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


Satellite Shorts From All Over


VP5/AA4FL Practice Run

Gearing up for a VP5 visit and operation Oct. 16 - Nov. 2.  Will be part of
VP5DX CQWW SSB team but still have time for portable SAT operations.  I
worked 9 stations in a practice run from the University of Florida campus a
few weeks ago.  I should be able to operate SATs from Oct. 19-28.
Equipment will be a FT-817 and arrow II.  Will also have a TH-D7A as a
backup for the FM birds. Practice runs were on AO-73 and FO-29 using the
FT-817.

I will have another practice day on Sunday Oct. 9th. Please mark your
calendar and work me that day from EL-89tp.  My signal will be readable but
not strong, which I am sure you will not mind when I am the DX station you
are chasing.  I will use that day as a teaching experience for the Gator
Amateur Radio Club student members.  You can see photos from our last event
on their Facebook page.  Feel free to friend me as well.

I have been told it has been ten years since there has been a SAT operation
from VP5.  My operation will not be from Provo (FL31) but from Middle
Caicos (FL41cu).  Check out the QTH on the VP5DX QRZ page. Do any AMSAT
members have FL41 in their log?

Looking forward to working you from FL41cu.

[ANS thanks Jay, AA4FL for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------

/EX

In addition to regular membership, AMSAT offers membership in the
President's Club. Members of the President's Club, as sustaining
donors to AMSAT Project Funds, will be eligible to receive addi-
tional benefits. Application forms are available from the AMSAT
Office.

Primary and secondary school students are eligible for membership
at one-half the standard yearly rate. Post-secondary school students
enrolled in at least half time status shall be eligible for the stu-
dent rate for a maximum of 6 post-secondary years in this status.
Contact Martha at the AMSAT Office for additional student membership
information.

73,
This week's ANS Editor,
Joe Spier, K6WAO
k6wao at amsat dot org

From clintbrad4d at earthlink.net  Sun Oct  2 01:23:52 2016
From: clintbrad4d at earthlink.net (Clint Bradford)
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2016 18:23:52 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] SO-50 Quirk
In-Reply-To: <mailman.368.1475368217.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
References: <mailman.368.1475368217.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <EF8C3372-F0F5-47D0-83DB-F4C280D48F65@earthlink.net>

>> ...  If you start talking immediately, the first letter or two of your callsign will not be heard.  

Gawd - it is like the Yaesu WIRES function in radios ... (grin)

More than a decade later, and we're still adding to the "operating hints and tips" for SO-50!

Clint K6LCS

From matthew at mrstevens.net  Sun Oct  2 15:34:48 2016
From: matthew at mrstevens.net (Matthew Stevens)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 11:34:48 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] HF Nets
Message-ID: <BA03D0F0-0EEE-43B3-9F4F-3C140831F0AC@mrstevens.net>

Are any of the Amsat HF nets still running? There's a few listed on the website, just wondered if that info was current.

- Matthew KK4FEM

Sent from my iPhone

From ko6th.greg at gmail.com  Sun Oct  2 15:46:31 2016
From: ko6th.greg at gmail.com (Greg D)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 08:46:31 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] HF Nets
In-Reply-To: <BA03D0F0-0EEE-43B3-9F4F-3C140831F0AC@mrstevens.net>
References: <BA03D0F0-0EEE-43B3-9F4F-3C140831F0AC@mrstevens.net>
Message-ID: <57F12BD7.20107@gmail.com>

Keith W5IU and Larry W7LB still run the Amsat Net on Sunday, 1900 UTC on
14.282. 

Greg  KO6TH


Matthew Stevens wrote:
> Are any of the Amsat HF nets still running? There's a few listed on the website, just wondered if that info was current.
>
> - Matthew KK4FEM
>
> Sent from my iPhone
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From nss at mwt.net  Sun Oct  2 20:37:25 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 15:37:25 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
Message-ID: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>

What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged for 
a valid QSO?

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com

From n8hm at arrl.net  Sun Oct  2 20:39:29 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 16:39:29 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
References: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOoL4jqJBcF4ROvNQDvC_7L_qUmhsCutxADaFZsF6beLfg@mail.gmail.com>

Callsign + one additional piece of info (grid square, signal report,
location, name, etc).

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Sunday, October 2, 2016, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:

> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged for a
> valid QSO?
>
> Joe WB9SBD
> --
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From kq6ea at verizon.net  Sun Oct  2 20:45:06 2016
From: kq6ea at verizon.net (Jim Jerzycke)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 20:45:06 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
References: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <b6412df7-94c0-eebf-539e-dd746fe93f11@verizon.net>

Callsign and signal report?


Maybe name and grid square?


Jim  KQ6EA


On 10/02/2016 08:37 PM, Joe wrote:
> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged 
> for a valid QSO?
>
> Joe WB9SBD


From wb3jfs at cox.net  Sun Oct  2 21:31:45 2016
From: wb3jfs at cox.net (Jeff Yanko)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 14:31:45 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <qkdY1t00k4F0Vt701kdble>
References: <qkdY1t00k4F0Vt701kdble>
Message-ID: <3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>

Callsign and grid square is all that is needed, plus the time, (UTC).  
Signal report on any birds isn't necessary.

BTW, signal reports aren't needed for HF QSO under WAS or DXCC.


73,

Jeff  WB3JFS


On 10/2/2016 1:37 PM, Joe wrote:
> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged 
> for a valid QSO?
>
> Joe WB9SBD


From g.shirville at btinternet.com  Sun Oct  2 21:38:22 2016
From: g.shirville at btinternet.com (Graham Shirville)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 22:38:22 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>
References: <qkdY1t00k4F0Vt701kdble>
	<3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>
Message-ID: <622A389265B04A8D9E1BCA42ADB2CCD0@allgood.local>

Hi Jeff,

Here in IARU Region 1 we agreed a definition of a valid QSO  sometime back for VHF and above.

They are shown in this extract   http://www.southgatearc.org/news/may2007/qso_definition.htm

I suspect that such definitions have probably not yet been elaborated in the other two IARU Regions  

73

Graham
G3VZV

-----Original Message----- 
From: Jeff Yanko 
Sent: Sunday, October 02, 2016 10:31 PM 
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org 
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol 

Callsign and grid square is all that is needed, plus the time, (UTC).  
Signal report on any birds isn't necessary.

BTW, signal reports aren't needed for HF QSO under WAS or DXCC.


73,

Jeff  WB3JFS


On 10/2/2016 1:37 PM, Joe wrote:
> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged 
> for a valid QSO?
>
> Joe WB9SBD

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From n8hm at arrl.net  Sun Oct  2 21:51:56 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 17:51:56 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>
References: <3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOrTkbHR43gNuQbBhCSqUixv2OEUgDYuC2DPeAmPe=qsLg@mail.gmail.com>

Grid square isn't required. Time certainly isn't needed in any exchange
(except for BARTG RTTY contest).

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Sunday, October 2, 2016, Jeff Yanko <wb3jfs at cox.net> wrote:

> Callsign and grid square is all that is needed, plus the time, (UTC).
> Signal report on any birds isn't necessary.
>
> BTW, signal reports aren't needed for HF QSO under WAS or DXCC.
>
>
> 73,
>
> Jeff  WB3JFS
>
>
> On 10/2/2016 1:37 PM, Joe wrote:
>
>> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged for
>> a valid QSO?
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From normanlizeth at gmail.com  Sun Oct  2 22:04:09 2016
From: normanlizeth at gmail.com (Norm n3ykf)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 18:04:09 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <622A389265B04A8D9E1BCA42ADB2CCD0@allgood.local>
References: <3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>
	<622A389265B04A8D9E1BCA42ADB2CCD0@allgood.local>
Message-ID: <CAJUhCTMDjDdUMdjAVVTULdJtNvVOQ4-Zfg-8CY+0mOya_8Z=rA@mail.gmail.com>

The Europeans like to use the Maidenhead sub grid identifier as well.
I.E. FK91pg

Listen directionally.

n3ykf

On Sun, Oct 2, 2016 at 5:38 PM, Graham Shirville
<g.shirville at btinternet.com> wrote:
> Hi Jeff,
>
> Here in IARU Region 1 we agreed a definition of a valid QSO  sometime back for VHF and above.
>
> They are shown in this extract   http://www.southgatearc.org/news/may2007/qso_definition.htm
>
> I suspect that such definitions have probably not yet been elaborated in the other two IARU Regions
>
> 73
>
> Graham
> G3VZV
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jeff Yanko
> Sent: Sunday, October 02, 2016 10:31 PM
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
>
> Callsign and grid square is all that is needed, plus the time, (UTC).
> Signal report on any birds isn't necessary.
>
> BTW, signal reports aren't needed for HF QSO under WAS or DXCC.
>
>
> 73,
>
> Jeff  WB3JFS
>
>
> On 10/2/2016 1:37 PM, Joe wrote:
>> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged
>> for a valid QSO?
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From w5pfg at amsat.org  Sun Oct  2 22:04:18 2016
From: w5pfg at amsat.org (Clayton W5PFG)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 17:04:18 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <b6412df7-94c0-eebf-539e-dd746fe93f11@verizon.net>
References: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
	<b6412df7-94c0-eebf-539e-dd746fe93f11@verizon.net>
Message-ID: <1f0baa87-e2b4-f50f-641d-8946c2ecd195@amsat.org>

If you want to make a lot of friends, I would suggest providing your 
twelve digit grid square as part of the exchange. Make sure the other 
station repeats it back to you in its entirety. That way you know you're 
in the log and you had a clean QSO.

73
Clayton
W5PFG

On 10/2/2016 15:45, Jim Jerzycke wrote:
> Callsign and signal report?
>
>
> Maybe name and grid square?
>
>
> Jim  KQ6EA
>
>
> On 10/02/2016 08:37 PM, Joe wrote:
>> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged
>> for a valid QSO?
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD

From wb3jfs at cox.net  Sun Oct  2 22:07:31 2016
From: wb3jfs at cox.net (Jeff Yanko)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 15:07:31 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <qleP1t00A2li4gZ01leRjk>
References: <qkdY1t00k4F0Vt701kdble>
	<3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net> <qleP1t00A2li4gZ01leRjk>
Message-ID: <84cdeb9c-b320-f190-7f0a-d1886be87bea@cox.net>

Hi Graham,

That's the first I've heard of an IARU standard for a QSO, not saying 
there isn't any.  Interesting.  Does the IARU issue awards in which you 
submit QSO data to them to obtain?


73,

Jeff  WB3JFS




On 10/2/2016 2:38 PM, Graham Shirville wrote:
> Hi Jeff,
>
> Here in IARU Region 1 we agreed a definition of a valid QSO sometime 
> back for VHF and above.
> They are shown in this extract 
> http://www.southgatearc.org/news/may2007/qso_definition.htm
> I suspect that such definitions have probably not yet been elaborated 
> in the other two IARU Regions
> 73
> Graham
> G3VZV
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jeff Yanko
> Sent: Sunday, October 02, 2016 10:31 PM
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
> Callsign and grid square is all that is needed, plus the time, (UTC).
> Signal report on any birds isn't necessary.
> BTW, signal reports aren't needed for HF QSO under WAS or DXCC.
> 73,
> Jeff  WB3JFS
> On 10/2/2016 1:37 PM, Joe wrote:
> > What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged
> > for a valid QSO?
> >
> > Joe WB9SBD
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From wb3jfs at cox.net  Sun Oct  2 22:11:03 2016
From: wb3jfs at cox.net (Jeff Yanko)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 15:11:03 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <qlra1t00T19hxxd01lrvW9>
References: <3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>
	<qlra1t00T19hxxd01lrvW9>
Message-ID: <7435a885-8596-db33-7c99-6532def175d1@cox.net>

I would suspect that most people make QSO's via the birds to obtain 
awards, certificates, etc.  In a lot of cases, not all, grids are 
required.  That's why if you notice most QSL's printed up now have the 
grid square listed along with possibly CQ and ITU zones.  10 years back, 
I've never recalled a QSL with the grid square listed.


73,

Jeff WB3JFS



On 10/2/2016 2:51 PM, Paul Stoetzer wrote:
> Grid square isn't required. Time certainly isn't needed in any 
> exchange (except for BARTG RTTY contest).
>
> 73,
>
> Paul, N8HM
>
> On Sunday, October 2, 2016, Jeff Yanko <wb3jfs at cox.net 
> <mailto:wb3jfs at cox.net>> wrote:
>
>     Callsign and grid square is all that is needed, plus the time,
>     (UTC). Signal report on any birds isn't necessary.
>
>     BTW, signal reports aren't needed for HF QSO under WAS or DXCC.
>
>
>     73,
>
>     Jeff  WB3JFS
>
>
>     On 10/2/2016 1:37 PM, Joe wrote:
>
>         What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be
>         exchanged for a valid QSO?
>
>         Joe WB9SBD
>
>
>     _______________________________________________
>     Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>     to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>     Opinions expressed
>     are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
>     views of AMSAT-NA.
>     Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>     program!
>     Subscription settings:
>     http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>     <http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>
>


From wb3jfs at cox.net  Sun Oct  2 22:14:46 2016
From: wb3jfs at cox.net (Jeff Yanko)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 15:14:46 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <qm4Q1t01l4F0Vt701m4TJW>
References: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
	<b6412df7-94c0-eebf-539e-dd746fe93f11@verizon.net>
	<qm4Q1t01l4F0Vt701m4TJW>
Message-ID: <fc85aab5-f961-785b-5d73-d23b093fe92f@cox.net>

LOL!  Plus the first born, just to be safe.


Jeff WB3JFS


On 10/2/2016 3:04 PM, Clayton W5PFG wrote:
> If you want to make a lot of friends, I would suggest providing your 
> twelve digit grid square as part of the exchange. Make sure the other 
> station repeats it back to you in its entirety. That way you know 
> you're in the log and you had a clean QSO.
>
> 73
> Clayton
> W5PFG
>
> On 10/2/2016 15:45, Jim Jerzycke wrote:
>> Callsign and signal report?
>>
>>
>> Maybe name and grid square?
>>
>>
>> Jim  KQ6EA
>>
>>
>> On 10/02/2016 08:37 PM, Joe wrote:
>>> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged
>>> for a valid QSO?
>>>
>>> Joe WB9SBD
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>


From jim at k6ccc.org  Sun Oct  2 23:04:44 2016
From: jim at k6ccc.org (Jim Walls)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 16:04:44 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <7435a885-8596-db33-7c99-6532def175d1@cox.net>
References: <3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>
	<qlra1t00T19hxxd01lrvW9> <7435a885-8596-db33-7c99-6532def175d1@cox.net>
Message-ID: <46baadf3-9b25-b650-d2e1-ff9121cc526e@k6ccc.org>

On 10/2/2016 15:11, Jeff Yanko wrote:
> I would suspect that most people make QSO's via the birds to obtain 
> awards, certificates, etc.  In a lot of cases, not all, grids are 
> required.  That's why if you notice most QSL's printed up now have the 
> grid square listed along with possibly CQ and ITU zones.  10 years 
> back, I've never recalled a QSL with the grid square listed.

This web page shows a revision date in 2000.  Both cards with my current 
call shows have the four digit grid square printed on the card.  
Although I  can't positively state it, I assume the "terrestrial" card 
was printed shortly after I changed callsign in 1997.
http://members.dslextreme.com/users/k6ccc/QSL.html

-- 
73
-------------------------------------
Jim Walls - K6CCC
jim at k6ccc.org
Ofc:  818-548-4804
http://members.dslextreme.com/users/k6ccc/
AMSAT Member 32537 - WSWSS Member 395



From jamesduffey at comcast.net  Mon Oct  3 00:00:53 2016
From: jamesduffey at comcast.net (James Duffey)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 18:00:53 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
References: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <C6A234B4-7520-4E59-93F1-0A34E2FB8F3E@comcast.net>

Joe - Historically and traditionally, the minimum standard for VHF QSOes has been:

Both stations send and copy both calls
Both stations exchange a meaningful piece of information
Both stations acknowledge receipt of the information.

So a minimal QSO would go like this:

KK6MC: CQ KK6MC
WB9BSD: WB9SBD
KK6MC: WB9SBD, DM65tc
KK6MC: roger, EN43XO 
WB9BSD: roger

At this point the required minimum amount of information has been exchanged, but there is some ambiguity as to whether or not KK6MC has received WB9SBD?s rogers, so it is customary for KK6MC to send 73 to acknowledge the roger. So the typical QSO goes:


KK6MC: CQ KK6MC
WB9BSD: WB9SBD
KK6MC: WB9SBD, DM65tc
KK6MC: roger, EN43XO 
WB9BSD: roger
KK6MC: 73

Nothing says that satellite QSOes have to go this way, but it is a good place to start. Everything is there and if you take something out, it starts to make less sense. I hope that this helps. - Duffey KK6MC



On Oct 2, 2016, at 2:37 PM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:

> What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged for a valid QSO?
> 
> Joe WB9SBD
> -- 
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



--
KK6MC
James Duffey
Cedar Crest NM






From nss at mwt.net  Mon Oct  3 00:08:55 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 19:08:55 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Illumination Program
Message-ID: <ba0aa1e4-d81f-048e-7111-b7aaa4571005@mwt.net>

The program that somone posted that tells us how well like AO-7 is being 
illuminated.

I downloaded it. but cant get it to run. it complains about a missing 
.OCX file.

Anyone have any help?

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com

From va6bmj at gmail.com  Mon Oct  3 00:12:27 2016
From: va6bmj at gmail.com (B J)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 00:12:27 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <CABzOSOoL4jqJBcF4ROvNQDvC_7L_qUmhsCutxADaFZsF6beLfg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <acaeb2ae-b1f6-ec96-8c0d-8631e29604dd@mwt.net>
	<CABzOSOoL4jqJBcF4ROvNQDvC_7L_qUmhsCutxADaFZsF6beLfg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAP7QzkO0Qti=apTrr3zq4xwUT5JPb8P3k2mcSm9yZMg2i7UaCw@mail.gmail.com>

On 10/2/16, Paul Stoetzer <n8hm at arrl.net> wrote:
> Callsign + one additional piece of info (grid square, signal report,
> location, name, etc).

I've always understood that the minimum was that both stations give
their callsigns and grid squares.

I send out wallpaper whenever I contact a new station or grid square.
I haven't gone after any awards as such, but, maybe, the other station
does.

73s

Bernhard VA6BMJ @ DO33FL

From va6bmj at gmail.com  Mon Oct  3 00:38:09 2016
From: va6bmj at gmail.com (B J)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 00:38:09 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Off-topic But Related To Amateur Radio
Message-ID: <CAP7QzkP8exUHgfX9EbwJeHQ-GugZkvOw3aq8qygk3+G5f3WAdQ@mail.gmail.com>

Turn an old drafting compass into a holder for a pair of multimeter probes:

http://hackaday.com/2016/10/02/multimeter-probe-goes-full-circle/

There have been lots of times when I'm checking a circuit or cable
that I've wished I could hold both probes with one hand and use the
other hand to, say, adjust my meter.  What a clever idea!

73s

Bernhard VA6BMJ @ DO33FL

From normanlizeth at gmail.com  Mon Oct  3 01:11:26 2016
From: normanlizeth at gmail.com (Norm n3ykf)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 21:11:26 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Illumination Program
In-Reply-To: <ba0aa1e4-d81f-048e-7111-b7aaa4571005@mwt.net>
References: <ba0aa1e4-d81f-048e-7111-b7aaa4571005@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <CAJUhCTM61BjWZfG0iPdMKPwPbn+sZgWoCQ5cP9TBd8aJX5eqfA@mail.gmail.com>

Google the appropriate file name. Try and find a reputable download
site. Cross your fingers, download. scan and place correctly.

IIRC that file is difficult to find because it's (obsolete) IP.

Last time that trick wouldn't get Mike's code to run.

Good luck.

Norm n3ykf

On Sun, Oct 2, 2016 at 8:08 PM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
> The program that somone posted that tells us how well like AO-7 is being
> illuminated.
>
> I downloaded it. but cant get it to run. it complains about a missing .OCX
> file.
>
> Anyone have any help?
>
> Joe WB9SBD
> --
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From g.shirville at btinternet.com  Mon Oct  3 07:40:50 2016
From: g.shirville at btinternet.com (Graham Shirville)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 08:40:50 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <84cdeb9c-b320-f190-7f0a-d1886be87bea@cox.net>
References: <qkdY1t00k4F0Vt701kdble>
	<3eb479a7-bff9-8275-1fb1-5d718d75236e@cox.net>
	<qleP1t00A2li4gZ01leRjk>
	<84cdeb9c-b320-f190-7f0a-d1886be87bea@cox.net>
Message-ID: <0D864B1AAC834041ABA8B69FC1707DBC@allgood.local>

Hi Jeff,

For VHF in IARU Region 1 it is all here, currently encapsulated in 144 (!) pages. The decisions and recommendations have been distilled as a result of agreements reached in  regional meetings held every 18 months for the past ?n? years.  Download

I am not sure about awards but there are lots of contests which now have online entry systems.

Of course generally only EME and satellite operations extend across Regional ?Borders? on these frequencies.

Happy reading

73

Graham
G3VZV


From: Jeff Yanko 
Sent: Sunday, October 02, 2016 11:07 PM
To: Graham Shirville ; AMSAT BB 
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol

Hi Graham,

That's the first I've heard of an IARU standard for a QSO, not saying there isn't any.  Interesting.  Does the IARU issue awards in which you submit QSO data to them to obtain?  




73,

Jeff  WB3JFS







On 10/2/2016 2:38 PM, Graham Shirville wrote:

  Hi Jeff,

  Here in IARU Region 1 we agreed a definition of a valid QSO  sometime back for VHF and above.

  They are shown in this extract   http://www.southgatearc.org/news/may2007/qso_definition.htm

  I suspect that such definitions have probably not yet been elaborated in the other two IARU Regions  

  73

  Graham
  G3VZV

  -----Original Message----- 
  From: Jeff Yanko 
  Sent: Sunday, October 02, 2016 10:31 PM 
  To: amsat-bb at amsat.org 
  Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol 

  Callsign and grid square is all that is needed, plus the time, (UTC).  
  Signal report on any birds isn't necessary.

  BTW, signal reports aren't needed for HF QSO under WAS or DXCC.


  73,

  Jeff  WB3JFS


  On 10/2/2016 1:37 PM, Joe wrote:
  > What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged 
  > for a valid QSO?
  >
  > Joe WB9SBD

  _______________________________________________
  Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
  to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
  are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
  Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
  Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From smedbury at windstream.net  Mon Oct  3 12:20:56 2016
From: smedbury at windstream.net (Scott Medbury)
Date: Mon, 03 Oct 2016 07:20:56 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
Message-ID: <20161003122457.56CB18D8E@lansing182.amsat.org>

Typically for satellite name, grid, and sometimes SES Identifier or state for rover's. Or body of water for maritime mobile.

Scott KD5FBA

Sent from my Verizon Wireless 4G LTE DROID
On Oct 2, 2016 3:45 PM, Jim Jerzycke <kq6ea at verizon.net> wrote:
>
> Callsign and signal report? 
>
>
> Maybe name and grid square? 
>
>
> Jim? KQ6EA 
>
>
> On 10/02/2016 08:37 PM, Joe wrote: 
> > What is the standard for a minimal contact of what must be exchanged 
> > for a valid QSO? 
> > 
> > Joe WB9SBD 
>
> _______________________________________________ 
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed 
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA. 
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 

From n4zq at yahoo.com  Mon Oct  3 12:36:16 2016
From: n4zq at yahoo.com (Keith O'Brien)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 12:36:16 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb]  QSO Protocol
References: <373638499.8532525.1475498176779.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <373638499.8532525.1475498176779@mail.yahoo.com>

So these messages I see from time to time here on the AMSAT-BB that say " Did anyone copythe call sign of the station I just worked "? are not valid contacts, and shouldn't be countedfor anything but nice try, maybe next time.
Keith N4ZQ

From simon at sdr-radio.com  Mon Oct  3 12:41:16 2016
From: simon at sdr-radio.com (Simon Brown)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 13:41:16 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <373638499.8532525.1475498176779@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <373638499.8532525.1475498176779.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<373638499.8532525.1475498176779@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <002e01d21d73$6ed51ab0$4c7f5010$@sdr-radio.com>

What is the station forgot the callsign in the heat of battle?

Myself I run a recording (SDR data IQ) so I can always replay the pass if needed. My excuse is tinnitus and being easily confused...

Simon Brown, GK4ELI
http://sdr-radio.com

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Keith O'Brien via AMSAT-BB
Sent: 03 October 2016 13:36
To: AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol

So these messages I see from time to time here on the AMSAT-BB that say " Did anyone copythe call sign of the station I just worked "  are not valid contacts, and shouldn't be countedfor anything but nice try, maybe next time.
Keith N4ZQ
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From matthew at mrstevens.net  Mon Oct  3 13:04:44 2016
From: matthew at mrstevens.net (Matthew Stevens)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 09:04:44 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <002e01d21d73$6ed51ab0$4c7f5010$@sdr-radio.com>
References: <373638499.8532525.1475498176779.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<373638499.8532525.1475498176779@mail.yahoo.com>
	<002e01d21d73$6ed51ab0$4c7f5010$@sdr-radio.com>
Message-ID: <FE6C261F-5D6C-4890-B4A5-97B26D24A599@mrstevens.net>

My excuse is just being easily confused :D

Recordings have saved my QSOs more times than once.


- Matthew KK4FEM

Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 3, 2016, at 08:41, Simon Brown <simon at sdr-radio.com> wrote:
> 
> What is the station forgot the callsign in the heat of battle?
> 
> Myself I run a recording (SDR data IQ) so I can always replay the pass if needed. My excuse is tinnitus and being easily confused...
> 
> Simon Brown, GK4ELI
> http://sdr-radio.com
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Keith O'Brien via AMSAT-BB
> Sent: 03 October 2016 13:36
> To: AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
> Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
> 
> So these messages I see from time to time here on the AMSAT-BB that say " Did anyone copythe call sign of the station I just worked "  are not valid contacts, and shouldn't be countedfor anything but nice try, maybe next time.
> Keith N4ZQ
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From n4ufo at yahoo.com  Mon Oct  3 13:34:51 2016
From: n4ufo at yahoo.com (Kevin M)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 13:34:51 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb]  QSO Protocol
References: <1148292044.2796818.1475501691168.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <1148292044.2796818.1475501691168@mail.yahoo.com>

As far as valid QSOs for ARRL awards are concerned (DXCC/VUCC/WAS), they simply state a 'contact' must be made. But no where do they ever define what a contact consists of. They leave this definition up to the award applicant and the stations that he/she contacts. When asked, I have always explained a contact as, "I called you and you knew it was me, you answered and I knew it was you..." In short, as long as we both understand that we 'contacted' each other, then it's a contact.


My point is, there is no specified rule that says a grid square or any other piece of information is exchanged. There is actually no rule that says the CALLSIGN must be EXCHANGED. A contact exists when the two parties involved in the communication agree that the contact happened... whether they exchange a 'QSL' on air, via e-mail, LotW or by USPS mail, if both parties agree that it took place... then it took place. The requirement for any more, is to saddle the participants with a burden to overcome the non-natural hindrances that can occur with high volume traffic over man made devices... i.e. satellites. If EME or meteor scatter operators want to place certain burdens upon themselves to ensure that their imaginations, tricks of the senses, or natural phenomena did not insert a bit of faux communication that did not actually take place, that is their perogative. BUT, why should one penalize a station and say that a contact did not take place simply because some guy with 50 watts and crap for a receiver decided to say, "Halllo! One, two, three, haaaalo!" over top of Jeeves while he was uttering his grid square. Further, since satellite passes are a time limited resource, why should we take away precious airtime from others by forcing a repeat of a piece of information that we likely already know, and at the very least can easily look up online, etc.

Simply put... if I'm in a rare grid square working lots of stations on a frenzied pass and I hear a voice I recognize saying his/her callsign while obviously calling me, but someone keys on top of him in the middle of saying his callsign, is it really necessary for me to say, "Who is the Hotel Mike?" when I KNOW who it is? OR worse, stop to take the time to ask, 'What's your grid again, Paul?' - Paul knew it was me, I knew it was Paul, I'm simply going to say, "In the log, Paul," and call the next station.

Common sense and basic trust in personal integrity goes a long way towards making life simpler and more enjoyable.... QSL?? 73!? N4UFO, EM95, over.

From kk5do at amsat.org  Mon Oct  3 13:40:16 2016
From: kk5do at amsat.org (Bruce)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 08:40:16 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <FE6C261F-5D6C-4890-B4A5-97B26D24A599@mrstevens.net>
References: <373638499.8532525.1475498176779.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<373638499.8532525.1475498176779@mail.yahoo.com>
	<002e01d21d73$6ed51ab0$4c7f5010$@sdr-radio.com>
	<FE6C261F-5D6C-4890-B4A5-97B26D24A599@mrstevens.net>
Message-ID: <b30386d3-e4c9-0796-4a51-90fad3585c92@amsat.org>

i thought i would let this run a bit and see what transpired. i get 
really annoyed when i hear someone in a rare grid (let's just take CY9C 
for example) and people go back and forth with call and grid several times.

when i did a bit of traveling, my trick in maximizing my contacts was to 
listen for a bit when i first heard the satellite and write down all the 
calls i hear. if i wrote it down, i heard it, right? then i get on the 
air and announce myself giving my call and grid and ask for people to 
call me once. i put a check mark next to their call when they call back 
(now, they heard my call or they would not have come back to me and i am 
verifying their call again with my check mark).

then when there is a pause, i get back on the air and say xx1xx, xx2xx, 
xx3xx, xx4xx, i have you any others? i write down the list i hear and go 
back and say yy1yy, yy2yy, yy3yy, i have you. i only had to give my grid 
once at the beginning and i really could care less what grid you are in, 
i am not going to write it down nor repeat it back to you. i have no 
interest in trying to earn vucc from a grid i work from once or twice.  
if i recognize your voice, i even had your call down before i heard you 
give it.

we made a two way contact because i copied your call, you copied mine 
and we are all good. with this method, i can log about 10-20 stations in 
a very short time. everyone gets in that wants to. with short satellite 
passes, it is virtually impossible to do back and forth and back and 
forth and then there is always the 'thanks for the contact, have fun'. i 
know it is polite and you would like to do it but on satellite passes, 
it is just not possible unless only a few get in and that is what i saw 
on several of the CY9C passes on SO-50.

maybe it is not the best plan but it worked good for me and there were 
many more sat operators on the air back in the ao-10/13 and ao-40 days 
than now.

73...bruce

-- 

Bruce Paige, KK5DO
                      
AMSAT Director Contests and Awards
AMSAT Board Member 2016-2018
AMSAT Board Alternate 2015-2016
   
ARRL Awards Field Checker (WAS, 5BWAS, VUCC), VE
           
Houston AMSAT Net - Wed 0100z on Echolink - Conference *AMSAT*
Also live streaming MP3 at http://www.amsatnet.com
Podcast at http://www.amsatnet.com/podcast.xml or iTunes
               
Latest satellite news on the ARRL Audio News
http://www.arrl.org

AMSAT on Twitter http://www.twitter.com/amsat


From kayakfishtx at gmail.com  Mon Oct  3 16:22:13 2016
From: kayakfishtx at gmail.com (Clayton Coleman)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 11:22:13 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] VE3HLS/p FN15
Message-ID: <CAPovOwfhuOgmd+tbWiKXBtBhdpViRQbWVcu=kPUki2KvX0vRig@mail.gmail.com>

Ken, VE3HLS, is operating satellites from grid FN15 today:

FO-29 @ 15:40
SO-50 @ 16:56
FO-29 @ 17:25
AO-7 @ 17:52
SO-50 @ 18:33
AO-7 @ 19:42
SO-50 @ 20:15

(all times UTC)

He shared this information via Twitter:

https://twitter.com/ve3hls/status/782794967190208512

73
Clayton
W5PFG

From k8bl at ameritech.net  Mon Oct  3 18:15:49 2016
From: k8bl at ameritech.net (R.T.Liddy)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 18:15:49 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
In-Reply-To: <1148292044.2796818.1475501691168@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <1148292044.2796818.1475501691168.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<1148292044.2796818.1475501691168@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <825351260.8818614.1475518549258@mail.yahoo.com>

Kevin, ? ?(et al)
Your write-up & explanation sounds very fair and proper as far as I'm concerned. Its philosophy, in general, is
the same that I use. If I put out my Call and someone responds with my Call and their Call, I'll repeat their Call
and usually my Grid Square. They will respond with some kind of acknowledgement - QSL, Thanks, Roger, 73,
Good Luck, 10-4, etc. Then, someone else will jump in with their Call or I'll announce mine and the sequence
will repeat itself. If I'm in a rare Grid and/or there's a pileup, I would probably say QRZ or go back to a partial
Call that I heard to speed things up. This is all very similar to HF Contesting while running a pileup.

On the Linear Satellites, it is pretty straightforward. I go a fair amount away from the middle of the passband and
put out my Call. It is usually obvious when you hear a response since I'm the only one there that a Station would
be calling. We have a normal exchange and carry on. However, on the FM Satellites, it gets pretty chaotic at times
since Stations often transmit on top of each other for reasons I won't go into here. In this case I need to hear my
Call and their Call to ensure they are really calling ME, otherwise I become someone transmitting on top of some
other Station. Once I'm sure they are calling me, I'll respond with their Call and my info. I'll roger that QSO quickly
and WAIT to see if I get another call. Then, I'll wait a little more to see if other QSOs are going to take place and
I'll put my Call out again if nothing transpires. I always avoid monopolizing an entire Pass. Sometimes, if I'm in a very
rare Grid, there will be a non-stop stream of callers that I'll have to deal with. Unfortunately, with a single-channel bird,
that's just the way it is since there may not be another operation there for quite a long time.

Trying to make a Log in real time on a Grid Expedition is nearly impossible with only two hands and two feet. In my
case, I'm doing everything manual in every respect. Wait for AOS and hear the Satellite and properly point the antenna
and adjust the polarization and hear myself on the downlink and put out a call. Then, respond to the callers and tune the
receiver and constantly maximize the downlink signal by adjusting the antenna azimuth, height and polarity. Continue
doing all of this until LOS. In the South, you also have to deal with Sun and heat and sweat come down into your eyes
and your glasses sliding down your nose. In the North, you must deal with the wind blowing over your tripod and little
black flies and mosquitoes biting you or crawling into your ears and nose. Everywhere, there is always the chance that
Police or Security Guards or curious onlookers or property owners will try to talk to you DURING a Pass or will park
their vehicle directly in front of your antenna!!

So, to avoid losing any QSOs during any/all of the confusion and happenstances of the above, I use a small digital
recorder to make an audio record of each Pass. Later, I transcribe the contacts into a spiral notebook as a permanent
record of my Grid Expeditions. If there is a question of whether a contact was actually made, the info is maintained on
paper or I can re-listen to the captured audio. A recognizable reply from a Station-in-question's Call is good enough
for me and I'll always give the benefit of the doubt in favor of a QSL. Faking a contact is only cheating one's self out
of the real satisfaction of making a valid QSO with a needed Station. ?Amen.

GL/73, ? ? ?Bob ?K8BL ? ? (Portable from 77 Grids in US & Canada - so far!)?




      From: Kevin M via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
 To: "amsat-bb at amsat.org" <amsat-bb at amsat.org> 
 Sent: Monday, October 3, 2016 9:34 AM
 Subject: [amsat-bb] QSO Protocol
   
As far as valid QSOs for ARRL awards are concerned (DXCC/VUCC/WAS), they simply state a 'contact' must be made. But no where do they ever define what a contact consists of. They leave this definition up to the award applicant and the stations that he/she contacts. When asked, I have always explained a contact as, "I called you and you knew it was me, you answered and I knew it was you..." In short, as long as we both understand that we 'contacted' each other, then it's a contact.


My point is, there is no specified rule that says a grid square or any other piece of information is exchanged. There is actually no rule that says the CALLSIGN must be EXCHANGED. A contact exists when the two parties involved in the communication agree that the contact happened... whether they exchange a 'QSL' on air, via e-mail, LotW or by USPS mail, if both parties agree that it took place... then it took place. The requirement for any more, is to saddle the participants with a burden to overcome the non-natural hindrances that can occur with high volume traffic over man made devices... i.e. satellites. If EME or meteor scatter operators want to place certain burdens upon themselves to ensure that their imaginations, tricks of the senses, or natural phenomena did not insert a bit of faux communication that did not actually take place, that is their perogative. BUT, why should one penalize a station and say that a contact did not take place simply because some guy with 50 watts and crap for a receiver decided to say, "Halllo! One, two, three, haaaalo!" over top of Jeeves while he was uttering his grid square. Further, since satellite passes are a time limited resource, why should we take away precious airtime from others by forcing a repeat of a piece of information that we likely already know, and at the very least can easily look up online, etc.

Simply put... if I'm in a rare grid square working lots of stations on a frenzied pass and I hear a voice I recognize saying his/her callsign while obviously calling me, but someone keys on top of him in the middle of saying his callsign, is it really necessary for me to say, "Who is the Hotel Mike?" when I KNOW who it is? OR worse, stop to take the time to ask, 'What's your grid again, Paul?' - Paul knew it was me, I knew it was Paul, I'm simply going to say, "In the log, Paul," and call the next station.

Common sense and basic trust in personal integrity goes a long way towards making life simpler and more enjoyable.... QSL?? 73!? N4UFO, EM95, over.
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


   

From quadpugh at bellsouth.net  Mon Oct  3 19:13:17 2016
From: quadpugh at bellsouth.net (Nick Pugh)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 14:13:17 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatEvo download?
In-Reply-To: <000101d21bed$636b2110$2a416330$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <000101d21bed$636b2110$2a416330$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <009a01d21daa$33069180$9913b480$@bellsouth.net>

I am also interested in a program to predict orbital decay

nick


Subject: [amsat-bb] SatEvo download?

Looking for a program called SatEvo by Alan Pickup which is used to predict
decay rates.

All my Google/Bing searches come up with links to:

www.wingar.demon.co.uk/satevo

or some variation, which is a dead link.

Any current source?  I have seen relatively recent postings of output from
the program.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA

-----------------------------------

Keep Calm and Carry On


_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to all
interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
-----
No virus found in this message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com
Version: 2016.0.7797 / Virus Database: 4656/13123 - Release Date: 10/01/16


From simon at sdr-radio.com  Mon Oct  3 19:17:10 2016
From: simon at sdr-radio.com (Simon Brown)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 20:17:10 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatEvo download?
In-Reply-To: <009a01d21daa$33069180$9913b480$@bellsouth.net>
References: <000101d21bed$636b2110$2a416330$@GMAIL.COM>
	<009a01d21daa$33069180$9913b480$@bellsouth.net>
Message-ID: <00e601d21daa$bd4dbd00$37e93700$@sdr-radio.com>

Nick,

If you are interested this is a fine PDF which explains the theory:
http://www.sws.bom.gov.au/Category/Educational/Space%20Weather/Space%20Weath
er%20Effects/SatelliteOrbitalDecayCalculations.pdf

As it shows, orbital decay is not an exact science.

Simon Brown, GK4ELI
http://sdr-radio.com

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Nick Pugh

I am also interested in a program to predict orbital decay

nick 


From va6bmj at gmail.com  Mon Oct  3 20:44:35 2016
From: va6bmj at gmail.com (B J)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 20:44:35 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Survey of Small Payload Launchers
Message-ID: <CAP7QzkOmBmfzAtB4o7ioUBOwyZFHOG5uQZXkORuZS-7XnkZfLA@mail.gmail.com>

http://www.parabolicarc.com/2016/10/03/plethora-small-sat-launchers/

Rocket Lab is often mentioned in space news articles and may actually
be flying something soon.  Firefly's future is uncertain as it appears
to have laid off its entire staff.

73s

Bernhard VA6BMJ @ DO33FL

From david.n2teb at gmail.com  Mon Oct  3 22:10:37 2016
From: david.n2teb at gmail.com (David Mennerich)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 18:10:37 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pre-Amp Help
Message-ID: <CABYNC=YfDJ4cfnO8_=Jy6fNSbKtUUN-FgvVqswrQ=D7uQ8O4KA@mail.gmail.com>

I recently purchased an Advanced Receiver Research 2M pre-amp to use when
operating on the LEO SSB satellites.  I purchased the SP144VDG (24 db gain,
<1 NF).  They don't offer the lower gain, higher noise figure 2M pre-amps
anymore.

I tried setting it up this weekend and when the pre-amp is on and I'm
transmitting on the 70cm band, I'm getting a lot of audio distortion.  When
I tried this during a pass, my audio on 2M was barely readable because it
was so distorted, but with the pre-amp off, I sounded fine.

I'm currently using a 2m/70cm Arrow antenna mounted on a portable Yaesu
G5500 Az/El setup.  When I spoke with ARR, they suggested it was a
desensitizing situation and it may be due to the 2M and 70CM antennas being
so close to one another.

Can anyone help or suggest some things I could try to eliminate this
situation?  Separate antennas?  Some kind of filter before the pre-amp?
The pre-amp sounds great when turned on, but right now it can't be used
when I'm transmitting at the same time on 70cm, which doesn't help.

Thanks,
Dave N2TEB

From zmetzing at pobox.com  Mon Oct  3 22:26:23 2016
From: zmetzing at pobox.com (Zach Metzinger)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 17:26:23 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pre-Amp Help
In-Reply-To: <CABYNC=YfDJ4cfnO8_=Jy6fNSbKtUUN-FgvVqswrQ=D7uQ8O4KA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CABYNC=YfDJ4cfnO8_=Jy6fNSbKtUUN-FgvVqswrQ=D7uQ8O4KA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <b53ce906-2143-5f94-7b30-43e5b041dc1e@pobox.com>

On 10/03/16 17:10, David Mennerich wrote:
> I recently purchased an Advanced Receiver Research 2M pre-amp to use when
> operating on the LEO SSB satellites.  I purchased the SP144VDG (24 db gain,
> <1 NF).  They don't offer the lower gain, higher noise figure 2M pre-amps
> anymore.
> 
> I tried setting it up this weekend and when the pre-amp is on and I'm
> transmitting on the 70cm band, I'm getting a lot of audio distortion.  When
> I tried this during a pass, my audio on 2M was barely readable because it
> was so distorted, but with the pre-amp off, I sounded fine.

It sounds like the active devices in your 2m LNA is getting crushed by
the output of the 70cm transmitter.

You could try "A Simple Desense Filter for Mode-J Satellites" in
reverse: you want to put the preamp and radio on the 2m side and leave
the 70cm side unconnected.

http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=2136

N0ZGO



From bruninga at usna.edu  Mon Oct  3 22:57:41 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 18:57:41 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] HFSAT Duplexer design welcome
Message-ID: <c83acf2d21063555933403666d59e15c@mail.gmail.com>

HFSAT Duplexer design welcome,



If anyone wants to take a shot at designing an HF Duplexer so that the
single 29 MHz dipole can also be shared with the 21 MHz uplink, here is the
schematic (maybe):  http://aprs.org/hfsat/HF-duplexer-a.png



It is my guess at how to build a trap and pass band on each side of the
duplexer.  But then I am not an RF designer at that level.



The overall web page for HFSAT is: http://aprs.org/hfsat.html



Bob, WB4APR

From david.n2teb at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 01:23:33 2016
From: david.n2teb at gmail.com (David Mennerich)
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2016 21:23:33 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pre-Amp Help
In-Reply-To: <b53ce906-2143-5f94-7b30-43e5b041dc1e@pobox.com>
References: <CABYNC=YfDJ4cfnO8_=Jy6fNSbKtUUN-FgvVqswrQ=D7uQ8O4KA@mail.gmail.com>
	<b53ce906-2143-5f94-7b30-43e5b041dc1e@pobox.com>
Message-ID: <CABYNC=YFhz5Rhv4dhzLTg+35b2p3e3g4Ypm41qepC-h6d3qvPA@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Zach - I checked out that article and to my surprise I had a Comet
CF-416 duplexer sitting in my box of radio parts down in the basement.  I
did a quick test of the setup down in my basement and was able to easily
reproduce the desensitization scenario.  Then I changed the wiring and ran
from the antenna to the duplexer to the pre-amp to the radio.  No more
desensitization!

I will fully test this out the next time I set up my portable satellite
station - hopefully this upcoming weekend.

Thanks to all of those that replied to me - I have other ideas I can
experiment with as well based on your emails, but I'll start with this one
and see if it works for me.

73, Dave

On Mon, Oct 3, 2016 at 6:26 PM, Zach Metzinger <zmetzing at pobox.com> wrote:

> On 10/03/16 17:10, David Mennerich wrote:
> > I recently purchased an Advanced Receiver Research 2M pre-amp to use when
> > operating on the LEO SSB satellites.  I purchased the SP144VDG (24 db
> gain,
> > <1 NF).  They don't offer the lower gain, higher noise figure 2M pre-amps
> > anymore.
> >
> > I tried setting it up this weekend and when the pre-amp is on and I'm
> > transmitting on the 70cm band, I'm getting a lot of audio distortion.
> When
> > I tried this during a pass, my audio on 2M was barely readable because it
> > was so distorted, but with the pre-amp off, I sounded fine.
>
> It sounds like the active devices in your 2m LNA is getting crushed by
> the output of the 70cm transmitter.
>
> You could try "A Simple Desense Filter for Mode-J Satellites" in
> reverse: you want to put the preamp and radio on the 2m side and leave
> the 70cm side unconnected.
>
> http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=2136
>
> N0ZGO
>
>
>

From AJ9N at aol.com  Tue Oct  4 04:30:25 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 00:30:25 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-04 04:00
	UTC
Message-ID: <396cc6.5141945e.45248a60@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-04  04:00 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,  direct via 9M2RPN
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS  
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact is a go for: Thu  2016-10-06 18:24:00 UTC 46 deg 

iSPACE, Cincinnati OH, telebridge  via IK1SLD 
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS 
The  scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ 
Contact is a go for: Sat  2016-10-08 16:15:10 UTC 57 deg 

Stephen F. Austin Elementary  School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas, 
telebridge via VK5ZAI (***)
The  ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS (***)
The scheduled astronaut  is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS (***)
Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46:00  UTC 50 deg (***)

University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute,  Omaha NE, telebridge via 
VK4KHZ (***)
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled  to be NA1SS (***)
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ  (***)
Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29 deg  (***)

****************************************************************************
**
Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

***********
*******************************************************************
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 122
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-04 04:00 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1085. 
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1050. 
Each  contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time slot.
Total number of  ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A complete year by year  breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-01 20:30 UTC.  

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From quadpugh at bellsouth.net  Tue Oct  4 09:10:09 2016
From: quadpugh at bellsouth.net (Nick Pugh)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 04:10:09 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatEvo download?
In-Reply-To: <00e601d21daa$bd4dbd00$37e93700$@sdr-radio.com>
References: <000101d21bed$636b2110$2a416330$@GMAIL.COM>
	<009a01d21daa$33069180$9913b480$@bellsouth.net>
	<00e601d21daa$bd4dbd00$37e93700$@sdr-radio.com>
Message-ID: <00ea01d21e1f$1bb45bf0$531d13d0$@bellsouth.net>

tnx Simon
nick

-----Original Message-----
From: Simon Brown [mailto:simon at sdr-radio.com] 
Sent: Monday, October 03, 2016 2:17 PM
To: 'Nick Pugh'; APBIDDLE at MAILAPS.ORG; 'AMSAT-BB'
Subject: RE: [amsat-bb] SatEvo download?

Nick,

If you are interested this is a fine PDF which explains the theory:
http://www.sws.bom.gov.au/Category/Educational/Space%20Weather/Space%20Weath
er%20Effects/SatelliteOrbitalDecayCalculations.pdf

As it shows, orbital decay is not an exact science.

Simon Brown, GK4ELI
http://sdr-radio.com

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Nick Pugh

I am also interested in a program to predict orbital decay

nick 

-----
No virus found in this message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com
Version: 2016.0.7797 / Virus Database: 4656/13138 - Release Date: 10/03/16


From k6lcsclint at gmail.com  Mon Oct  3 02:38:43 2016
From: k6lcsclint at gmail.com (Clint Bradford)
Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2016 19:38:43 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Palm Springs HamFest 2017
Message-ID: <08620489-F7A3-47DE-8E53-4238A6B79EAD@gmail.com>

The 2017 Palm Springs Hamfest will be held at the beautiful Palm Springs Air Museum on Saturday, February 4, 2017 from 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.

We will have satellite passes to work throughout the day, and a presentation of the "How to Work Amateur Satellites With Your HT" show at 11:00am in the Major General Ken Miles Aviation Science Center at the Museum.

Address for the Museum is 745 North Gene Autry Trail, Palm Springs, CA 92262. VE testing will be available this year from 9:00 a.m. to 1 p.m.

Admission: Presale price is $8 and $10 at the door. Price includes admission to the Air Museum exhibits as well. Where else can you get a day?s worth of entertainment and education for that little amount?

The HamFest's Web site <http://palmspringshamfest.com/> is being updated daily - http://palmspringshamfest.com <http://palmspringshamfest.com/>

Other upcoming satellite presentations ... free admission to all these clubs' meetings!

Tuesday October 11, 2016, 7:00 PM 
Victor Valley Amateur Radio Club <http://vvarc.org/>

Wednesday, October 12, 2016, 7:00 PM
Tri-County (Inland Empire, CA) <http://www.tcara.club/> ARA

Monday, November 14, 2016
Rio Hondo Amateur Radio Club <https://www.facebook.com/groups/RHARC/>
https://www.facebook.com/groups/RHARC/ <https://www.facebook.com/groups/RHARC/>

Friday, November 18, 2016
Orange County Amateur Radio Association <http://www.w6ze.org/>

More details at http://www.work-sat.com <http://www.work-sat.com/>



From hamsat at xs4all.nl  Tue Oct  4 12:42:28 2016
From: hamsat at xs4all.nl (Nico Janssen)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 14:42:28 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pratham identified
In-Reply-To: <3c6edbb2-fbdf-f284-59d4-09dda0f23549@xs4all.nl>
References: <3c6edbb2-fbdf-f284-59d4-09dda0f23549@xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <f5472371-741e-80bf-53ca-badf57392842@xs4all.nl>

All,

As a result of further cross-tagging, the TLE set for Pratham is now
published under object 41783, 2016-059A.

AlSat 1N is still object 41789, 2016-059G.

73,
Nico PA0DLO


On 30-09-16 14:01, Nico Janssen wrote:
> All,
>
> Detailed doppler measurements show that Pratham is object 41791,
> 2016-059J.
>
> This is based on the most recent TLE sets, that were published by
> the JSpOC. Unfortunately the collection of TLE sets for the PSLV-C35
> launch is not stable yet. The JSpOC continues to cross-tag TLE sets
> and to make major changes to some of the TLE sets. So some further
> changes may be expected in the coming days.
>
> The JSpOC has not yet identified any of the objects from the PSLV-C35
> launch. It seems quite obvious however that ScatSat is object 41790,
> 2016-059H.
>
> 73,
> Nico PA0DLO
>
>
>


From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 13:47:55 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 08:47:55 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
Message-ID: <5DE48B1F-CF0B-4F67-87CD-2CDC47F1FC51@gmail.com>

Greetings all. I have not seen much chatter on the BB about the Symposium and just wondering who all here is going?

We are. This will be my first one and am looking forward to it. 

Chad
KG0MW
En-13


Sent from my iPhone

From pedro at dutrasousa.name  Tue Oct  4 13:59:34 2016
From: pedro at dutrasousa.name (pedro at dutrasousa.name)
Date: Tue, 04 Oct 2016 13:59:34 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
In-Reply-To: <5DE48B1F-CF0B-4F67-87CD-2CDC47F1FC51@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20161004135934.Horde.7O6PBiHa29AoYQbZLKmXIod@webmail.satavirtual.org>

Hi,

Same here.

73 CU2ZG
Pedro HM77

Quoting Chad Phillips <chad.kg0mw at gmail.com>:

> Greetings all. I have not seen much chatter on the BB about the  
> Symposium and just wondering who all here is going?
>
> We are. This will be my first one and am looking forward to it.
>
> Chad
> KG0MW
> En-13
>
>
> Sent from my iPhone
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.  
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official  
> views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> --
> This message has been scanned for viruses and
> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
> believed to be clean.




-- 
This message has been scanned for viruses and
dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
believed to be clean.


From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 14:08:12 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 09:08:12 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Fwd:  Symposium-Who is going?
References: <4f932880-b9ee-53e2-ec82-44cf1bf4de37@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <2C833098-916A-4B6A-87DA-74A935424A28@gmail.com>

Hi Bruce,

We certainly are excited. My wife and I were just on the Liberty last Feb. really nice ship. Looking forward to it all. 

Chad

Sent from my iPhone

Begin forwarded message:

> From: Bruce <kk5do at amsat.org>
> Date: October 4, 2016 at 9:00:43 AM CDT
> To: Chad Phillips <chad.kg0mw at gmail.com>
> Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
> Reply-To: kk5do at amsat.org
> 
> my wife and i are going. you chose a good one to make your first. should be a lot of fun.
> 73...bruce
> 
>> On 10/4/2016 8:47 AM, Chad Phillips wrote:
>> Greetings all. I have not seen much chatter on the BB about the Symposium and just wondering who all here is going?
>> 
>> We are. This will be my first one and am looking forward to it.
>> 
>> Chad
>> KG0MW
>> En-13
>> 
>> 
>> Sent from my iPhone
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> 
> Bruce Paige, KK5DO
>                     AMSAT Director Contests and Awards
> AMSAT Board Member 2016-2018
> AMSAT Board Alternate 2015-2016
>  ARRL Awards Field Checker (WAS, 5BWAS, VUCC), VE
>          Houston AMSAT Net - Wed 0100z on Echolink - Conference *AMSAT*
> Also live streaming MP3 at http://www.amsatnet.com
> Podcast at http://www.amsatnet.com/podcast.xml or iTunes
>              Latest satellite news on the ARRL Audio News
> http://www.arrl.org
> 
> AMSAT on Twitter http://www.twitter.com/amsat
> 

From wa6fwf at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 15:18:13 2016
From: wa6fwf at gmail.com (kevin schuchmann)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 08:18:13 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] fox telem
Message-ID: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>

Anyone having any issues with foxtelem uploading data? before I moved it 
worked fine, now that I have moved and my location data has changed it 
looks to be sending data but the leaderboard never shows anything making 
it in.

Thanks
Kevin

From amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net  Tue Oct  4 15:48:35 2016
From: amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net (Patrick STODDARD (WD9EWK/VA7EWK))
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 15:48:35 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] fox telem
In-Reply-To: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
References: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAN6TEUez5vSk6NZ_4YhmZtKLmMKfJo1EAQcK_m8i6Y+ZXS0WDA@mail.gmail.com>

Kevin,

I used FoxTelem last night to upload telemetry from
a pass without problems. I didn't upload the telemetry
"live" during the pass, but used a recording from my
SDR software piped into FoxTelem to send the telemetry
later in the evening. I saw the frames show up for my
call on the http://amsat.org/tlm/ page (WD9EWK-DM43).
Did something uncheck the "Upload to server" box in the
FoxTelem settings?

73!




Patrick WD9EWK/VA7EWK
http://www.wd9ewk.net/
Twitter: @WD9EWK


On Tue, Oct 4, 2016 at 3:18 PM, kevin schuchmann <wa6fwf at gmail.com> wrote:

> Anyone having any issues with foxtelem uploading data? before I moved it
> worked fine, now that I have moved and my location data has changed it
> looks to be sending data but the leaderboard never shows anything making it
> in.
>
> Thanks
> Kevin
>
>

From w5pfg at amsat.org  Tue Oct  4 16:03:33 2016
From: w5pfg at amsat.org (Clayton W5PFG)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 11:03:33 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
In-Reply-To: <5DE48B1F-CF0B-4F67-87CD-2CDC47F1FC51@gmail.com>
References: <5DE48B1F-CF0B-4F67-87CD-2CDC47F1FC51@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <86d50327-7656-7bff-c4ba-62f0de5c3260@amsat.org>

We have an amazing group of individuals attending the Symposium this 
year. There are amateur radio operators coming from all over the world.

There are people who have played key roles in the development and 
successful missions of the past and future. People who represent 
worldwide projects, not just AMSAT-NA will be there.

Some of the most active operators in the US will be in attendance. A few 
of the attendees have already received their IARP so they can operate 
from aboard the ship.

Many attendees are traveling with their families and friends.

This is a unique venue. Things may be different than in past Symposiums. 
Come with an open mind and be prepared to meet a lot of interesting 
people. The presentation schedule, soon to be published, is a little 
lighter than in past years (10 on the docket.) That being said, multiple 
projects are underway and there will be plenty to discuss.

See you there,

73
Clayton
W5PFG

On 10/4/2016 08:47, Chad Phillips wrote:
> Greetings all. I have not seen much chatter on the BB about the Symposium and just wondering who all here is going?
>
> We are. This will be my first one and am looking forward to it.
>
> Chad
> KG0MW
> En-13

From wa6fwf at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 16:07:24 2016
From: wa6fwf at gmail.com (kevin schuchmann)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 09:07:24 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] fox telem
In-Reply-To: <CAN6TEUez5vSk6NZ_4YhmZtKLmMKfJo1EAQcK_m8i6Y+ZXS0WDA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
	<CAN6TEUez5vSk6NZ_4YhmZtKLmMKfJo1EAQcK_m8i6Y+ZXS0WDA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <9f6b63e7-de34-0590-cb9b-0ffd226d9a32@gmail.com>

Patrick,

     I checked that the box was checked, and while it is decoding live I 
see the Queued blip with a 1 then zero so it looks like it is sending 
something out. I have seen your call in the "from ground stations" but I 
never see mine, I have tried removing and re-installing foxtelem, kinda 
at a loss as to whats happening.

Thanks for the suggestions 73

Kevin


On 10/4/2016 8:48 AM, Patrick STODDARD (WD9EWK/VA7EWK) wrote:
> Kevin,
>
> I used FoxTelem last night to upload telemetry from
> a pass without problems. I didn't upload the telemetry
> "live" during the pass, but used a recording from my
> SDR software piped into FoxTelem to send the telemetry
> later in the evening. I saw the frames show up for my
> call on the http://amsat.org/tlm/ page (WD9EWK-DM43).
> Did something uncheck the "Upload to server" box in the
> FoxTelem settings?
>
> 73!
>
>
>
>
> Patrick WD9EWK/VA7EWK
> http://www.wd9ewk.net/
> Twitter: @WD9EWK
>
>
> On Tue, Oct 4, 2016 at 3:18 PM, kevin schuchmann <wa6fwf at gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> Anyone having any issues with foxtelem uploading data? before I moved it
>> worked fine, now that I have moved and my location data has changed it
>> looks to be sending data but the leaderboard never shows anything making it
>> in.
>>
>> Thanks
>> Kevin
>>
>>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From n0jy at amsat.org  Tue Oct  4 16:08:18 2016
From: n0jy at amsat.org (Jerry Buxton)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 11:08:18 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] fox telem
In-Reply-To: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
References: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <89f433e3-f23e-ea2d-2d71-a0f26bb7e756@amsat.org>

Kevin,

Did you change your station Groundstation Name in the settings?  A
Groundstation Name that has spaces in it e.g. N0JY Home will not show on
the server.  You need to fill e.g. N0JY-Home or N0JY_Home.

Jerry Buxton, N?JY

On 10/4/2016 10:18, kevin schuchmann wrote:
> Anyone having any issues with foxtelem uploading data? before I moved
> it worked fine, now that I have moved and my location data has changed
> it looks to be sending data but the leaderboard never shows anything
> making it in.
>
> Thanks
> Kevin
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>


From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 16:32:51 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 11:32:51 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
In-Reply-To: <86d50327-7656-7bff-c4ba-62f0de5c3260@amsat.org>
References: <5DE48B1F-CF0B-4F67-87CD-2CDC47F1FC51@gmail.com>
	<86d50327-7656-7bff-c4ba-62f0de5c3260@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <CE69FDEE-8390-4E4A-92FF-F93A51EC3DA5@gmail.com>



I highly suggest that everyone try Guys Burger Joint on the Lido deck. Hands down the best burgers ever. 

Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 4, 2016, at 11:03 AM, Clayton W5PFG <w5pfg at amsat.org> wrote:
> 
> We have an amazing group of individuals attending the Symposium this year. There are amateur radio operators coming from all over the world.
> 
> There are people who have played key roles in the development and successful missions of the past and future. People who represent worldwide projects, not just AMSAT-NA will be there.
> 
> Some of the most active operators in the US will be in attendance. A few of the attendees have already received their IARP so they can operate from aboard the ship.
> 
> Many attendees are traveling with their families and friends.
> 
> This is a unique venue. Things may be different than in past Symposiums. Come with an open mind and be prepared to meet a lot of interesting people. The presentation schedule, soon to be published, is a little lighter than in past years (10 on the docket.) That being said, multiple projects are underway and there will be plenty to discuss.
> 
> See you there,
> 
> 73
> Clayton
> W5PFG
> 
>> On 10/4/2016 08:47, Chad Phillips wrote:
>> Greetings all. I have not seen much chatter on the BB about the Symposium and just wondering who all here is going?
>> 
>> We are. This will be my first one and am looking forward to it.
>> 
>> Chad
>> KG0MW
>> En-13
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From wa6fwf at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 16:34:56 2016
From: wa6fwf at gmail.com (kevin schuchmann)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 09:34:56 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] fox telem
In-Reply-To: <89f433e3-f23e-ea2d-2d71-a0f26bb7e756@amsat.org>
References: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
	<89f433e3-f23e-ea2d-2d71-a0f26bb7e756@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <21ad72d2-2ab2-cf0f-2b4d-4ac9f0aa9ea9@gmail.com>

Jerry,

   I do not think I had any spaces in there but I just deleted it and 
re-entered my call sign, I have tried both upper and lower case for my 
call sign.

73

Kevin


On 10/4/2016 9:08 AM, Jerry Buxton wrote:
> Kevin,
>
> Did you change your station Groundstation Name in the settings?  A
> Groundstation Name that has spaces in it e.g. N0JY Home will not show on
> the server.  You need to fill e.g. N0JY-Home or N0JY_Home.
>
> Jerry Buxton, N?JY
>
> On 10/4/2016 10:18, kevin schuchmann wrote:
>> Anyone having any issues with foxtelem uploading data? before I moved
>> it worked fine, now that I have moved and my location data has changed
>> it looks to be sending data but the leaderboard never shows anything
>> making it in.
>>
>> Thanks
>> Kevin
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From wa4sca at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 16:37:10 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 11:37:10 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] fox telem
In-Reply-To: <89f433e3-f23e-ea2d-2d71-a0f26bb7e756@amsat.org>
References: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
	<89f433e3-f23e-ea2d-2d71-a0f26bb7e756@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <000601d21e5d$922c3c10$b684b430$@GMAIL.COM>

Jerry,

There are some reporters with spaces which show:

N7DJX Earth
Sputnix R2ANF
AF5VH - DM65
W4IMT Eugenio
Urban Johansson
Chris FN30

The problem is that when they show in the "From ground stations" at the top, you don't see an packets
when you click on the link, even though they are reflected in the main list.  According to Chris.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA






<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Jerry Buxton
<Sent: Tuesday, October 04, 2016 11:08 AM
<To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
<Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] fox telem
<
<Kevin,
<
<Did you change your station Groundstation Name in the settings?  A
<Groundstation Name that has spaces in it e.g. N0JY Home will not show on
<the server.  You need to fill e.g. N0JY-Home or N0JY_Home.
<
<Jerry Buxton, N?JY
<
<On 10/4/2016 10:18, kevin schuchmann wrote:
<> Anyone having any issues with foxtelem uploading data? before I moved
<> it worked fine, now that I have moved and my location data has changed
<> it looks to be sending data but the leaderboard never shows anything
<> making it in.
<>
<> Thanks
<> Kevin
<> _______________________________________________
<> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
<> Opinions expressed
<> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
<> of AMSAT-NA.
<> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
<> program!
<> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
<>
<>
<
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From k8bl at ameritech.net  Tue Oct  4 17:48:53 2016
From: k8bl at ameritech.net (R.T.Liddy)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 17:48:53 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
In-Reply-To: <CE69FDEE-8390-4E4A-92FF-F93A51EC3DA5@gmail.com>
References: <5DE48B1F-CF0B-4F67-87CD-2CDC47F1FC51@gmail.com>
	<86d50327-7656-7bff-c4ba-62f0de5c3260@amsat.org>
	<CE69FDEE-8390-4E4A-92FF-F93A51EC3DA5@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1245309344.9446412.1475603333660@mail.yahoo.com>

Satellite Aficionados,

Due to a scheduled knee replacement, I will not be participating in
this year's Symposium/Cruise. However, since all the Sat Ops will
be on the Ship, I volunteer to be one of the few stations still at home
for you all to have someone to contact. ? ;-)

BTW, I've been to Cozumel several times and found it to be a very
nice place for shore excursions. I recommend the Dune Buggy Tour
which circumnavigates the island and makes a number of interesting
stops at beaches, a lunch/bar, scenic viewpoints and a Tequila distillary
offering generous samples. Vehicles are standard shift. Motorscooters
are readily available for rental if you want to venture on your own. But,
extreme caution is necessary since the main town is very busy and the
traffic uses "Mexican Rules" - whoever gets there first has the right
of way. Via con Dios!

GL/73, ? ? ?Bob ?K8BL ??

      From: Chad Phillips <chad.kg0mw at gmail.com>
 To: Clayton W5PFG <w5pfg at amsat.org> 
Cc: amsat-bb at amsat.org
 Sent: Tuesday, October 4, 2016 12:32 PM
 Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
   


I highly suggest that everyone try Guys Burger Joint on the Lido deck. Hands down the best burgers ever. 

Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 4, 2016, at 11:03 AM, Clayton W5PFG <w5pfg at amsat.org> wrote:
> 
> We have an amazing group of individuals attending the Symposium this year. There are amateur radio operators coming from all over the world.
> 
> There are people who have played key roles in the development and successful missions of the past and future. People who represent worldwide projects, not just AMSAT-NA will be there.
> 
> Some of the most active operators in the US will be in attendance. A few of the attendees have already received their IARP so they can operate from aboard the ship.
> 
> Many attendees are traveling with their families and friends.
> 
> This is a unique venue. Things may be different than in past Symposiums. Come with an open mind and be prepared to meet a lot of interesting people. The presentation schedule, soon to be published, is a little lighter than in past years (10 on the docket.) That being said, multiple projects are underway and there will be plenty to discuss.
> 
> See you there,
> 
> 73
> Clayton
> W5PFG
> 
>> On 10/4/2016 08:47, Chad Phillips wrote:
>> Greetings all. I have not seen much chatter on the BB about the Symposium and just wondering who all here is going?
>> 
>> We are. This will be my first one and am looking forward to it.
>> 
>> Chad
>> KG0MW
>> En-13
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


   

From k3sv at pa.net  Tue Oct  4 19:54:20 2016
From: k3sv at pa.net (Bill Gillenwater)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 15:54:20 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
Message-ID: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>

Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.

Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.

Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.

Thanks,
73 Bill K3SV

From glasbrenner at mindspring.com  Tue Oct  4 20:04:10 2016
From: glasbrenner at mindspring.com (Andrew Glasbrenner)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 16:04:10 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
In-Reply-To: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
References: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
Message-ID: <5D808FF8-7E01-406E-B8F6-2D16530BAB5E@mindspring.com>

http://www.amsat.org/status/ is a good place to see what's popular and working.

73, Drew KO4MA

> On Oct 4, 2016, at 3:54 PM, Bill Gillenwater <k3sv at pa.net> wrote:
> 
> Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.
> 
> Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.
> 
> Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.
> 
> Thanks,
> 73 Bill K3SV
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From joanne.k9jkm at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 20:08:06 2016
From: joanne.k9jkm at gmail.com (JoAnne K9JKM)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 15:08:06 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
In-Reply-To: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
References: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
Message-ID: <57f40c23.532e240a.98535.91cb@mx.google.com>

Hi Bill,

Perhaps these pages will reveal the information you are looking for:

Communications Satellites (including frequencies)
http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=177

Telemetry Satellites
http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=179

The Oscar Status page provides latest reports:
http://www.amsat.org/status/

--
73 de JoAnne K9JKM
k9jkm at amsat.org


> -----Original Message-----
> From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Bill
> Gillenwater
> Sent: Tuesday, October 04, 2016 2:54 PM
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
> 
> Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.
> 
> Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.
> 
> Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.
> 
> Thanks,
> 73 Bill K3SV
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From k3sv at pa.net  Tue Oct  4 20:28:54 2016
From: k3sv at pa.net (Bill Gillenwater)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 16:28:54 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
In-Reply-To: <57f40c23.532e240a.98535.91cb@mx.google.com>
References: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
	<57f40c23.532e240a.98535.91cb@mx.google.com>
Message-ID: <55DF7A7D-BA79-4F77-9CF7-FBEA25D7A671@pa.net>

Thanks all. I had this bookmarked on laptop. Should have tried that first. 
73 Bill

Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 4, 2016, at 4:08 PM, JoAnne K9JKM <joanne.k9jkm at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Hi Bill,
> 
> Perhaps these pages will reveal the information you are looking for:
> 
> Communications Satellites (including frequencies)
> http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=177
> 
> Telemetry Satellites
> http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=179
> 
> The Oscar Status page provides latest reports:
> http://www.amsat.org/status/
> 
> --
> 73 de JoAnne K9JKM
> k9jkm at amsat.org
> 
> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Bill
>> Gillenwater
>> Sent: Tuesday, October 04, 2016 2:54 PM
>> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
>> Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
>> 
>> Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.
>> 
>> Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.
>> 
>> Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.
>> 
>> Thanks,
>> 73 Bill K3SV
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Tue Oct  4 21:47:59 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 07:47:59 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
In-Reply-To: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
References: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
Message-ID: <92968489-5F07-4E68-B4E0-2E69CD78E846@tech-software.net>

I have volunteered and asked for access to the AMSAT web site

No response

Andrew

-----------------------------
Sent from my iPhone
Andrew Rich
e vk4tec at tech-software.net
w www.tech-software.net
m 0419 738 223

> On 5 Oct. 2016, at 05:54, Bill Gillenwater <k3sv at pa.net> wrote:
> 
> Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.
> 
> Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.
> 
> Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.
> 
> Thanks,
> 73 Bill K3SV
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From n1jez at burlingtontelecom.net  Tue Oct  4 22:30:52 2016
From: n1jez at burlingtontelecom.net (Mike Seguin)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 18:30:52 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] For Sale
Message-ID: <3c135134-e107-6dfe-8740-a3f9d22a3bec@burlingtontelecom.net>

Posting for a friend.

For Sale:

Yaesu FT-847. Includes MD-100 Desk Mic, and SP-8 External Speaker. FC-20 
Auto-tuner is installed.

Contact W1AIM via his email address listed on QRZ for details.
-- 

73,
Mike, N1JEZ
"A closed mouth gathers no feet"

From dave at druidnetworks.com  Tue Oct  4 22:46:43 2016
From: dave at druidnetworks.com (David Swanson)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 17:46:43 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
In-Reply-To: <92968489-5F07-4E68-B4E0-2E69CD78E846@tech-software.net>
References: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
	<92968489-5F07-4E68-B4E0-2E69CD78E846@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CANq+eyVMZSH1z6VwGAg8zVLc=DYyYxSWf_642Z=TVMRO=fYqJw@mail.gmail.com>

Andrew,

Do you think that the 17 times you've asked for administrator privileges to
the  AMSAT website in public just since September 13th didn't get your
point across? The question was obviously rhetorical since here you are in
someone elses thread with your 'OMG LOOK AT ME I CAN HAZ TYPING TOO!1!'
reply.

I have no official position within AMSAT, but at this point as an IT
professional myself, I would have serious reservations about continuing to
support AMSAT if they DID give you access to modify the website. You
obviously have nothing else better to do with your time but troll a group
dedicated to making a hobby more enjoyable for it's members.
Congratulations on fitting perfectly into the stereotypical
"know-it-all-but-can't-tie-my-shoes" IT guy mold. You're the reason I have
to spend half of my day just being nice to people that IT guy's have upset
because they don't have any common decency.

TL:DR: Piss off.

-Dave, KG5CCI

On Oct 4, 2016 4:48 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:

> I have volunteered and asked for access to the AMSAT web site
>
> No response
>
> Andrew
>
> -----------------------------
> Sent from my iPhone
> Andrew Rich
> e vk4tec at tech-software.net
> w www.tech-software.net
> m 0419 738 223
>
> > On 5 Oct. 2016, at 05:54, Bill Gillenwater <k3sv at pa.net> wrote:
> >
> > Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.
> >
> > Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.
> >
> > Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.
> >
> > Thanks,
> > 73 Bill K3SV
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Tue Oct  4 22:51:54 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 17:51:54 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
In-Reply-To: <CANq+eyVMZSH1z6VwGAg8zVLc=DYyYxSWf_642Z=TVMRO=fYqJw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
	<92968489-5F07-4E68-B4E0-2E69CD78E846@tech-software.net>
	<CANq+eyVMZSH1z6VwGAg8zVLc=DYyYxSWf_642Z=TVMRO=fYqJw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <98BA20B6-65F3-4104-9994-A851943AD05D@gmail.com>

The status page is a great resource. I am using it now to create a schedule for this weekend. 

Chad
KG0MW



Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 4, 2016, at 5:46 PM, David Swanson <dave at druidnetworks.com> wrote:
> 
> Andrew,
> 
> Do you think that the 17 times you've asked for administrator privileges to
> the  AMSAT website in public just since September 13th didn't get your
> point across? The question was obviously rhetorical since here you are in
> someone elses thread with your 'OMG LOOK AT ME I CAN HAZ TYPING TOO!1!'
> reply.
> 
> I have no official position within AMSAT, but at this point as an IT
> professional myself, I would have serious reservations about continuing to
> support AMSAT if they DID give you access to modify the website. You
> obviously have nothing else better to do with your time but troll a group
> dedicated to making a hobby more enjoyable for it's members.
> Congratulations on fitting perfectly into the stereotypical
> "know-it-all-but-can't-tie-my-shoes" IT guy mold. You're the reason I have
> to spend half of my day just being nice to people that IT guy's have upset
> because they don't have any common decency.
> 
> TL:DR: Piss off.
> 
> -Dave, KG5CCI
> 
>> On Oct 4, 2016 4:48 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:
>> 
>> I have volunteered and asked for access to the AMSAT web site
>> 
>> No response
>> 
>> Andrew
>> 
>> -----------------------------
>> Sent from my iPhone
>> Andrew Rich
>> e vk4tec at tech-software.net
>> w www.tech-software.net
>> m 0419 738 223
>> 
>>> On 5 Oct. 2016, at 05:54, Bill Gillenwater <k3sv at pa.net> wrote:
>>> 
>>> Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.
>>> 
>>> Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.
>>> 
>>> Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.
>>> 
>>> Thanks,
>>> 73 Bill K3SV
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From k8bl at ameritech.net  Tue Oct  4 23:38:59 2016
From: k8bl at ameritech.net (R.T.Liddy)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 23:38:59 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Misc.
In-Reply-To: <1245309344.9446412.1475603333660@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <5DE48B1F-CF0B-4F67-87CD-2CDC47F1FC51@gmail.com>
	<86d50327-7656-7bff-c4ba-62f0de5c3260@amsat.org>
	<CE69FDEE-8390-4E4A-92FF-F93A51EC3DA5@gmail.com>
	<1245309344.9446412.1475603333660@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <2028775061.9660066.1475624339297@mail.yahoo.com>

Sorry if this is a resend. I never saw it come to me. ?-BL

     
----- Forwarded Message -----
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
   
Satellite Aficionados,

Due to a scheduled knee replacement, I will not be participating in
this year's Symposium/Cruise. However, since all the Sat Ops will
be on the Ship, I volunteer to be one of the few stations still at home
for you all to have someone to contact. ? ;-)

BTW, I've been to Cozumel several times and found it to be a very
nice place for shore excursions. I recommend the Dune Buggy Tour
which circumnavigates the island and makes a number of interesting
stops at beaches, a lunch/bar, scenic viewpoints and a Tequila distillary
offering generous samples. Vehicles are standard shift. Motorscooters
are readily available for rental if you want to venture on your own. But,
extreme caution is necessary since the main town is very busy and the
traffic uses "Mexican Rules" - whoever gets there first has the right
of way. Via con Dios!

GL/73, ? ? ?Bob ?K8BL ??

      From: Chad Phillips <chad.kg0mw at gmail.com>

 Sent: Tuesday, October 4, 2016 12:32 PM
 Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Symposium-Who is going?
  I highly suggest that everyone try Guys Burger Joint on the Lido deck. Hands down the best burgers ever. 
> On Oct 4, 2016, at 11:03 AM, Clayton W5PFG <w5pfg at amsat.org> wrote:
> We have an amazing group of individuals attending the Symposium this year. There are amateur radio operators coming from all over the world.
> There are people who have played key roles in the development and successful missions of the past and future. People who represent worldwide projects, not just AMSAT-NA will be there.
> Some of the most active operators in the US will be in attendance. A few of the attendees have already received their IARP so they can operate from aboard the ship.
> Many attendees are traveling with their families and friends.
> This is a unique venue. Things may be different than in past Symposiums. Come with an open mind and be prepared to meet a lot of interesting people. The presentation schedule, soon to be published, is a little lighter than in past years (10 on the docket.) That being said, multiple projects are underway and there will be plenty to discuss.
> See you there,
> 73> Clayton> W5PFG

   

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Wed Oct  5 00:26:25 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 10:26:25 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
In-Reply-To: <CANq+eyVMZSH1z6VwGAg8zVLc=DYyYxSWf_642Z=TVMRO=fYqJw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
	<92968489-5F07-4E68-B4E0-2E69CD78E846@tech-software.net>
	<CANq+eyVMZSH1z6VwGAg8zVLc=DYyYxSWf_642Z=TVMRO=fYqJw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <8B7935FE-1C0F-4AE6-92D4-57EA430416F2@tech-software.net>

I am sorry you feel that way 

I am more than capable of editing a few web pages 

Cheers

------------------------------------------
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
w www.tech-software.net
e vk4tec at tech-software.net
m +61 (4) 19 738 223
m 0419738223






> On 5 Oct 2016, at 8:46 AM, David Swanson <dave at druidnetworks.com> wrote:
> 
> Andrew,
> 
> Do you think that the 17 times you've asked for administrator privileges to the  AMSAT website in public just since September 13th didn't get your point across? The question was obviously rhetorical since here you are in someone elses thread with your 'OMG LOOK AT ME I CAN HAZ TYPING TOO!1!' reply. 
> 
> I have no official position within AMSAT, but at this point as an IT professional myself, I would have serious reservations about continuing to support AMSAT if they DID give you access to modify the website. You obviously have nothing else better to do with your time but troll a group dedicated to making a hobby more enjoyable for it's members. Congratulations on fitting perfectly into the stereotypical "know-it-all-but-can't-tie-my-shoes" IT guy mold. You're the reason I have to spend half of my day just being nice to people that IT guy's have upset because they don't have any common decency. 
> 
> TL:DR: Piss off. 
> 
> -Dave, KG5CCI 
> 
> 
> On Oct 4, 2016 4:48 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net <mailto:vk4tec at tech-software.net>> wrote:
> I have volunteered and asked for access to the AMSAT web site
> 
> No response
> 
> Andrew
> 
> -----------------------------
> Sent from my iPhone
> Andrew Rich
> e vk4tec at tech-software.net <mailto:vk4tec at tech-software.net>
> w www.tech-software.net <http://www.tech-software.net/>
> m 0419 738 223
> 
> > On 5 Oct. 2016, at 05:54, Bill Gillenwater <k3sv at pa.net <mailto:k3sv at pa.net>> wrote:
> >
> > Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.
> >
> > Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.
> >
> > Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.
> >
> > Thanks,
> > 73 Bill K3SV
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb <http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb <http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>


From wa6fwf at gmail.com  Wed Oct  5 00:46:28 2016
From: wa6fwf at gmail.com (kevin schuchmann)
Date: Tue, 4 Oct 2016 17:46:28 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] fox telem
In-Reply-To: <89f433e3-f23e-ea2d-2d71-a0f26bb7e756@amsat.org>
References: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
	<89f433e3-f23e-ea2d-2d71-a0f26bb7e756@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <971b7aac-c82d-8960-2495-cb2144dfa6df@gmail.com>

Thank You to everyone that made suggestions, it's working now but I'm 
not sure what the fix was, I deleted everything related to foxtelem off 
my pc and re-installed it and then used lower case wa6fwf and it is 
working...

73 Kevin

From lee.ernstrom at rcwilley.com  Wed Oct  5 14:53:58 2016
From: lee.ernstrom at rcwilley.com (Lee Ernstrom)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 08:53:58 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] Lost QSOs
Message-ID: <CAGgvt8jzhHMujHEYDjYn8QC6WOsyn+O-w3Oq_2HZ5XGZ0ymfiw@mail.gmail.com>

On October 2, 2016 while I was maritime mobile in FN61 during the UTC time
of 1948 - 1959  I worked a bunch of stations on SO50. My recorder, however,
failed on me ( I must have hit the stop button) so I lost the record for
most of the qsos I made.  I do remember working wc7v, w5pfg, nx9b, and
n8hm.  There were several others.  If you were one of those I worked then
please respond via this email address: lee.ernstrom at rcwilley.com so that I
can record the contacts in my paper log.  Thanks, Doc, C6AQD/MM

PS. I will upload my qsos to LOTW using the call C6AQD (no /MM).
Anyone who wishes to receive a paper QSL please email me and I will send
you one.  No need for your card or sase.

From n0jy at amsat.org  Wed Oct  5 15:30:27 2016
From: n0jy at amsat.org (Jerry Buxton)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 10:30:27 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] fox telem
In-Reply-To: <000601d21e5d$922c3c10$b684b430$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <29394e51-84f2-fee6-18b3-17ccd40cbaea@gmail.com>
	<89f433e3-f23e-ea2d-2d71-a0f26bb7e756@amsat.org>
	<000601d21e5d$922c3c10$b684b430$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <ebc1df06-6ba3-e8e8-b9eb-41e6ddb44bd8@amsat.org>

Thanks for the correction, Alan.  I recall have trouble with something
like "Fox Labs" in the beginning, perhaps that existed way back then and
was fixed, perhaps I just need to be fixed!     :-D

Jerry Buxton, N?JY

On 10/4/2016 11:37, Alan wrote:
> Jerry,
>
> There are some reporters with spaces which show:
>
> N7DJX Earth
> Sputnix R2ANF
> AF5VH - DM65
> W4IMT Eugenio
> Urban Johansson
> Chris FN30
>
> The problem is that when they show in the "From ground stations" at the top, you don't see an packets
> when you click on the link, even though they are reflected in the main list.  According to Chris.
>
> 73s,
>
> Alan
> WA4SCA
>
>
>
>
>
>
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Jerry Buxton
> <Sent: Tuesday, October 04, 2016 11:08 AM
> <To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> <Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] fox telem
> <
> <Kevin,
> <
> <Did you change your station Groundstation Name in the settings?  A
> <Groundstation Name that has spaces in it e.g. N0JY Home will not show on
> <the server.  You need to fill e.g. N0JY-Home or N0JY_Home.
> <
> <Jerry Buxton, N?JY
> <
> <On 10/4/2016 10:18, kevin schuchmann wrote:
> <> Anyone having any issues with foxtelem uploading data? before I moved
> <> it worked fine, now that I have moved and my location data has changed
> <> it looks to be sending data but the leaderboard never shows anything
> <> making it in.
> <>
> <> Thanks
> <> Kevin
> <> _______________________________________________
> <> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> <> Opinions expressed
> <> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
> <> of AMSAT-NA.
> <> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> <> program!
> <> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> <>
> <>
> <
> <_______________________________________________
> <Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>
>


From k3sv at pa.net  Wed Oct  5 15:52:21 2016
From: k3sv at pa.net (Bill Gillenwater)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 11:52:21 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
In-Reply-To: <57f40c23.532e240a.98535.91cb@mx.google.com>
References: <EE7604BA6F0848F39A5C829318B10338@BillPC>
	<57f40c23.532e240a.98535.91cb@mx.google.com>
Message-ID: <8B577AE459E2452B820D8D105EE56723@BillPC>

Thanks for all the replies. Very helpful. Caught up and ready!
73 Bill K3SV


--------------------------------------------------
From: "JoAnne K9JKM" <joanne.k9jkm at gmail.com>
Sent: Tuesday, October 04, 2016 4:08 PM
To: "'Bill Gillenwater'" <k3sv at pa.net>; <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
Subject: RE: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List

> Hi Bill,
>
> Perhaps these pages will reveal the information you are looking for:
>
> Communications Satellites (including frequencies)
> http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=177
>
> Telemetry Satellites
> http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=179
>
> The Oscar Status page provides latest reports:
> http://www.amsat.org/status/
>
> --
> 73 de JoAnne K9JKM
> k9jkm at amsat.org
>
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Bill
>> Gillenwater
>> Sent: Tuesday, October 04, 2016 2:54 PM
>> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
>> Subject: [amsat-bb] Manageable Sat List
>>
>> Have been away from sats for a few months. Have seen new sat postings.
>>
>> Looking for a list of sats to populate my SATpc32 software.
>>
>> Have FO29, AO7, SO50, but would like to get current with some monitoring.
>>
>> Thanks,
>> 73 Bill K3SV
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>> Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>
> -----
> No virus found in this message.
> Checked by AVG - www.avg.com
> Version: 2016.0.7797 / Virus Database: 4656/13147 - Release Date: 10/04/16
> 

From aayushyadav825 at gmail.com  Wed Oct  5 16:01:07 2016
From: aayushyadav825 at gmail.com (Aayush Yadav)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 21:31:07 +0530
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
In-Reply-To: <CALRS4DwqP+HN5ZTB3-cw=aL36Wdm2rgXr3cFyrHh=O=YtcYGFg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CALRS4Dw3D+5d0y_OLDK7FmoSSAuRXjStmR==n1OMBKoB-u0=vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<479663765.533929.1473274174846@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CALRS4DwgdZE4SWLPQf4yO8XQJ4_L==_1RDBvVXLmqF2Lg__a+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DwqP+HN5ZTB3-cw=aL36Wdm2rgXr3cFyrHh=O=YtcYGFg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CALRS4DyAKm4r-K98C6pQEoRXQzpq=1JdJ-ZpWJ7dwg2zUNTtcA@mail.gmail.com>

Hello all,

Pratham has been identified as object 41783, 2016-059A. However we have not
been able to track the satellite with these TLE's. If you could please
track the satellite with these TLE's and confirm with us it would be really
appreciable. Thank you.

Kind regards.
Team Pratham!

On Sunday 25 September 2016, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com> wrote:

> Hello all,
>
> We are glad to inform you that Pratham, IITB's Student Satellite is
> expected to launch with the help of PSLV-C35 on 26th September, 2016 at
> 9:12 AM.
> ??
> The following are the TLE data for the satellite:
>
> 16005A      16270.25119097     0.00000311       00000-0     59418-4     0
>    1232
> 98.2057    329.0542    0028038    267.7677   9.1998   14.63716875    11
>
> Any update in these will be notified at the earliest. We would love you
> all to be a part of the project and help us in tracking our satellite.
> There are basically two downlink for the satellite, The beacon is
> estimated to switch on in the window of 25-30 degrees North and 4-8 degrees
> East as per the current TLE's. Once switched on, it will remain so through
> out it's orbit. The telemetry data will be switched on only over France and
> India because of our power constraints. If you could, please receive the
> beacon and/or telemetry of the satellite and report back to the mail id's
> as given below. The information for the satellite transmissions is given
> below,
>
> Beacon:
> Frequency: 145.98 MHz
> Modulation: CW
> Words per minute: 30
> Power Emitted: 0.2 W (23 dBm)
>
> Telemetry:
> To be switched on only over India and France
> Modulation: FSK
> Rate: 1200 bps
> Power Emitted: 0.06 W (18 dBm)
>
> For any other Information you may visit our website
> <http://www.aero.iitb.ac.in/pratham/>. Also feel free to contact our
> Communication and Ground station team, (Rachana Agarwal,
> rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com
> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com');>; and Aayush
> Yadav, aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>) for any
> queries you may have.
>
> On Thu, Sep 8, 2016 at 1:44 PM, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>> wrote:
>
>> Hello,
>>
>> Thank you for your wishes.
>>
>> The FSK downlink contains only the health monitoring data of the
>> satellite and is used for payload calculations. IPGP university in france
>> requested us for the payload data for their scientific research thus we are
>> switching on the telemetry only over India and France.
>>
>> However the CW beacon will be on through out the orbit and can be
>> received from anywhere.
>>
>> Kind regards,
>> Team Pratham
>>
>>
>> On Thursday 8 September 2016, Nitin Muttin <vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in');>> wrote:
>>
>>> Hi Team Pratham,
>>>
>>> Thanks for the update and will look forward for a successful launch and
>>> deployment of your satellite. Please share why the FSK downlink on 437.455
>>> Mhz is activated over France and India.
>>>
>>> 73
>>> Nitin [VU3TYG]
>>> Secretary, AMSAT INDIA
>>>
>>>
>>> ------------------------------
>>> *From:* Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
>>> *To:* "amsat-bb at amsat.org" <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
>>> *Sent:* Wednesday, 7 September 2016 10:25 PM
>>> *Subject:* [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
>>>
>>> Greetings everyone,
>>>
>>> We, students of IIT Bombay, are glad to inform you that our project,
>>> Pratham, is ready and expected to launch with PSLV-C35 in the last week
>>> of
>>> September. We would be really happy if  you all joined us in receiving
>>> our
>>> satellite's beacon, details given below:
>>>
>>> Beacon:
>>> Mode: CW
>>> wpm: 35 words
>>> Frequency: 145.980 MHz
>>>
>>> Downlink:
>>> Mode: FSK
>>> Baudrate: 1200 bps
>>> Frequency: 437.455 MHz
>>> (To be switched on over France and India only)
>>>
>>> We will update the information as soon as TLE's will be available.
>>>
>>> Kind Regards.
>>> Team Pratham
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>>> Opinions expressed
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>>> AMSAT-NA.
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>>> program!
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>>
>>>
>>>
>

From wi7p at emeshack.com  Wed Oct  5 18:19:16 2016
From: wi7p at emeshack.com (wi7p at emeshack.com)
Date: Wed, 05 Oct 2016 11:19:16 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] on so50 Oct 7 8 from SD & NE
Message-ID: <20161005111916.c73761548b85b4dae99b2c259bd5f722.2ea0e466c4.wbe@email12.godaddy.com>


Look for me on so50 from DN91 DN92 DN93 DN83. Badlands NP and Minuteman
Missile NHS.
Between Oct 8 and 16 I may be on from MN WI OH KY TN KS. Mammoth Cave NP
Oct 13 14.gggg
73 Randy 

From pe0sat at vgnet.nl  Wed Oct  5 18:53:26 2016
From: pe0sat at vgnet.nl (PE0SAT | Amateur Radio)
Date: Wed, 05 Oct 2016 20:53:26 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
In-Reply-To: <CALRS4DyAKm4r-K98C6pQEoRXQzpq=1JdJ-ZpWJ7dwg2zUNTtcA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CALRS4Dw3D+5d0y_OLDK7FmoSSAuRXjStmR==n1OMBKoB-u0=vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<479663765.533929.1473274174846@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CALRS4DwgdZE4SWLPQf4yO8XQJ4_L==_1RDBvVXLmqF2Lg__a+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DwqP+HN5ZTB3-cw=aL36Wdm2rgXr3cFyrHh=O=YtcYGFg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DyAKm4r-K98C6pQEoRXQzpq=1JdJ-ZpWJ7dwg2zUNTtcA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <9043f2fd02258c7fdc1693332d031fb0@vgnet.nl>

Hi Team,

Listened yesterday evening (04-10-2016) and tonight (05-10-2016) no 
signals received.

Not on 145.980/CW nor on 437.455/AFSK

The satellite was in eclipse on both occasions.

With regards,

Jan van Gils - PE0SAT

On 05-10-2016 18:01, Aayush Yadav wrote:
> Hello all,
> 
> Pratham has been identified as object 41783, 2016-059A. However we 
> have not
> been able to track the satellite with these TLE's. If you could please
> track the satellite with these TLE's and confirm with us it would be 
> really
> appreciable. Thank you.
> 
> Kind regards.
> Team Pratham!
> 
> On Sunday 25 September 2016, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com> 
> wrote:
> 
>> Hello all,
>> 
>> We are glad to inform you that Pratham, IITB's Student Satellite is
>> expected to launch with the help of PSLV-C35 on 26th September, 2016 
>> at
>> 9:12 AM.
>> ??
>> The following are the TLE data for the satellite:
>> 
>> 16005A      16270.25119097     0.00000311       00000-0     59418-4   
>>  0
>>    1232
>> 98.2057    329.0542    0028038    267.7677   9.1998   14.63716875    
>> 11
>> 
>> Any update in these will be notified at the earliest. We would love 
>> you
>> all to be a part of the project and help us in tracking our 
>> satellite.
>> There are basically two downlink for the satellite, The beacon is
>> estimated to switch on in the window of 25-30 degrees North and 4-8 
>> degrees
>> East as per the current TLE's. Once switched on, it will remain so 
>> through
>> out it's orbit. The telemetry data will be switched on only over 
>> France and
>> India because of our power constraints. If you could, please receive 
>> the
>> beacon and/or telemetry of the satellite and report back to the mail 
>> id's
>> as given below. The information for the satellite transmissions is 
>> given
>> below,
>> 
>> Beacon:
>> Frequency: 145.98 MHz
>> Modulation: CW
>> Words per minute: 30
>> Power Emitted: 0.2 W (23 dBm)
>> 
>> Telemetry:
>> To be switched on only over India and France
>> Modulation: FSK
>> Rate: 1200 bps
>> Power Emitted: 0.06 W (18 dBm)
>> 
>> For any other Information you may visit our website
>> <http://www.aero.iitb.ac.in/pratham/>. Also feel free to contact our
>> Communication and Ground station team, (Rachana Agarwal,
>> rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com');>; and 
>> Aayush
>> Yadav, aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>) for any
>> queries you may have.
>> 
>> On Thu, Sep 8, 2016 at 1:44 PM, Aayush Yadav 
>> <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>> wrote:
>> 
>>> Hello,
>>> 
>>> Thank you for your wishes.
>>> 
>>> The FSK downlink contains only the health monitoring data of the
>>> satellite and is used for payload calculations. IPGP university in 
>>> france
>>> requested us for the payload data for their scientific research thus 
>>> we are
>>> switching on the telemetry only over India and France.
>>> 
>>> However the CW beacon will be on through out the orbit and can be
>>> received from anywhere.
>>> 
>>> Kind regards,
>>> Team Pratham
>>> 
>>> 
>>> On Thursday 8 September 2016, Nitin Muttin <vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in
>>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in');>> wrote:
>>> 
>>>> Hi Team Pratham,
>>>> 
>>>> Thanks for the update and will look forward for a successful launch 
>>>> and
>>>> deployment of your satellite. Please share why the FSK downlink on 
>>>> 437.455
>>>> Mhz is activated over France and India.
>>>> 
>>>> 73
>>>> Nitin [VU3TYG]
>>>> Secretary, AMSAT INDIA
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> ------------------------------
>>>> *From:* Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
>>>> *To:* "amsat-bb at amsat.org" <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
>>>> *Sent:* Wednesday, 7 September 2016 10:25 PM
>>>> *Subject:* [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
>>>> 
>>>> Greetings everyone,
>>>> 
>>>> We, students of IIT Bombay, are glad to inform you that our 
>>>> project,
>>>> Pratham, is ready and expected to launch with PSLV-C35 in the last 
>>>> week
>>>> of
>>>> September. We would be really happy if  you all joined us in 
>>>> receiving
>>>> our
>>>> satellite's beacon, details given below:
>>>> 
>>>> Beacon:
>>>> Mode: CW
>>>> wpm: 35 words
>>>> Frequency: 145.980 MHz
>>>> 
>>>> Downlink:
>>>> Mode: FSK
>>>> Baudrate: 1200 bps
>>>> Frequency: 437.455 MHz
>>>> (To be switched on over France and India only)
>>>> 
>>>> We will update the information as soon as TLE's will be available.
>>>> 
>>>> Kind Regards.
>>>> Team Pratham
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum 
>>>> available
>>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>>>> Opinions expressed
>>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official 
>>>> views of
>>>> AMSAT-NA.
>>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>>>> program!
>>>> Subscription settings: 
>>>> http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> 
>> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

-- 
With regards PE0SAT
Internet web-page http://www.pe0sat.vgnet.nl/
DK3WN SatBlog http://www.dk3wn.info/p/
irc://chat.freenode.net #Cubesat - Twitter @pe0sat

From va6bmj at gmail.com  Wed Oct  5 19:43:44 2016
From: va6bmj at gmail.com (B J)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 19:43:44 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Video Of Blue Origin's Abort Test
Message-ID: <CAP7QzkN-FY-BHhbUQvY+QdLHp_j4yGvYhaV8TDHe-rwV8DkM=g@mail.gmail.com>

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ohd26UDkOII

Everything worked well and the booster returned intact.  Nice for it
to happen on the anniversary of Sputnik.

73s

Bernhard VA6BMJ @ DO33FL

From onmontauk at gmail.com  Wed Oct  5 21:02:01 2016
From: onmontauk at gmail.com (Steve A)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 17:02:01 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] symposium
Message-ID: <CAD33etp+CK_RuxNGR+UMJhjxq8kX-Bv=ACnz-iRKu7uiH1-siQ@mail.gmail.com>

What are your plans?
When is the ISS Tour of NASA?

I plan on renting a car a week before the symposium, and staying a week
after. Anyone want to explore the area with me. I got room for 2 or 3.

Steve Akkala
W2AKK
w2akk at arrl.org

From bruninga at usna.edu  Wed Oct  5 22:51:52 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 18:51:52 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
Message-ID: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>

AMSAT tinkerers?



OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.



Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.



We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
http://aprs.org/outnet.html



Bob, WB4APR

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Wed Oct  5 23:25:43 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 19:25:43 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>

Hi Bob & everyone.

I have a partially obscured view at the angle required for geostationary 
satellites but was curious to see if I could get Outernet's signal from 
Inmarsat 4-F3, which is where Outernet's transmission originates from in 
this area (USA East Coast).

For background, I had used a variety of antennas (patch, vivaldi, DirecTV 
dish repurposed) to receive some of the various data streams from Inmarsat 
4-F3 in the past, with varying results.

I ordered the combination patch antenna / LNA / SDR that Outernet has 
assembled optimized for L-Band.  That left only the software side to 
configure.

The first option was zero-cost, which was to attempt to decode the Outernet 
feed using their guided software install for an existing Linux computer. 
This consisted of a number of apps working in concert.

The "receiver" portion worked properly - I did see a reasonable SNR and 
mostly error-free data stream.  Unfortunately, I never decoded any content 
with the other apps either due to their alpha or beta stage of development 
or my lack of linux expertise.

However, at the same time I was corresponding with a couple of other hams 
who saw similar results with the "add on" apps for a working linux computer. 
I have not dug any deeper with that method so as of now, for all I know that 
branch of the software might have improved.

In stark contrast to my lack of success with the linux method was a turnkey 
boot image that Outernet makes available for you to write to an SD card for 
use in a Raspberry Pi.  Consisting of a fairly lite linux OS, plus all the 
apps required and optimized for Outernet use, this solution was very much 
ready for production use.

I would say within 2 minutes of booting a new Pi-3 with the Outernet image, 
content started downloading to the local storage on the Pi.  I didn't have 
to do a thing but figure out how to log into the web interface that is your 
portal to the Pi.  (web as in http; there is no internet connection, 
naturally)  It was as plug-and-play as you could possibly get... turn on the 
Pi and point the antenna.  Period.  Content just starts downloading if you 
have a decent signal.  You connect to the Pi from another computer and any 
files that have downloaded are available for you to view.

Of course the antenna / LNA / SDR was attached before I powered up the Pi 
and positioned to have decent visibility in the right direction.  And of 
course it's easy to see that the better your RF receive situation, the 
better will be the rate at which content is received.

Finally, using items already on-hand for other experiments, I replaced the 
patch antenna with the TP-Link 2.4 GHz dish 
(https://www.amazon.com/Directional-Parabolic-Connector-Resistant-TL-ANT2424B/dp/B003CFATOW?th=1) 
that you often see used by amateurs for experimentation.  Never mind that 
it's supposedly for a higher frequency and never mind that it's not 
circularly polarized, I found that in conjunction with the LNA & SDR from 
Outernet, I received a much stronger signal than with the patch antenna. 
But in fairness, I have not made a comparison with a 100% clear view of the 
sky.

I hope those very early and limited observations of Outernet's solution are 
useful to you.

-Scott, K4KDR
Montpelier, VA  USA


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----Original Message----- 
From: Robert Bruninga
Sent: Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:51 PM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?

AMSAT tinkerers?



OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.



Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.



We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
http://aprs.org/outnet.html



Bob, WB4APR 


From va6bmj at gmail.com  Thu Oct  6 02:47:40 2016
From: va6bmj at gmail.com (B J)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 02:47:40 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Orbital ATK Launch Scheduled For 2016-10-13
Message-ID: <CAP7QzkOimbDf9hQnfV0k0g5iXe3BjUK8=uDt-jkvCDqUTpbDdA@mail.gmail.com>

http://www.parabolicarc.com/2016/10/05/orbital-atk-targets-oct-13-cygnus-launch/

Go Antares!

73s

Bernhard VA6BMJ @ DO33FL

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Thu Oct  6 03:11:45 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 13:11:45 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <113EE8F5-BA3E-4D2B-8A45-BD35A7A1F571@tech-software.net>

I took delivery of my outer net eq last night

We qualified the patch antenna, amp and dongle

Dongle is very stable 

Picked up INMARSAT on the bonnet of my car just on patch 

Lots of new signals 

I now need to get frequencies and decoders going 

Look on my website I have just added photos

Signals - are quite strong 

about 45 degree beam 

mine is 145 deg 

Will report back when i decode 

Andrew 


------------------------------------------
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
w www.tech-software.net <http://www.tech-software.net/>
e vk4tec at tech-software.net <mailto:vk4tec at tech-software.net>
m +61 (4) 19 738 223
m 0419738223






> On 6 Oct 2016, at 8:51 AM, Robert Bruninga <bruninga at usna.edu <mailto:bruninga at usna.edu>> wrote:
> 
> AMSAT tinkerers?
> 
> 
> 
> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
> 
> 
> 
> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
> 
> 
> 
> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
> http://aprs.org/outnet.html <http://aprs.org/outnet.html>
> 
> 
> 
> Bob, WB4APR
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From n4csitwo at bellsouth.net  Thu Oct  6 04:04:21 2016
From: n4csitwo at bellsouth.net (n4csitwo at bellsouth.net)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 00:04:21 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan
	Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Message-ID: <380CD9EC7CCA49548EFAC8E1F5BB3C3F@DHJ>

An International Space Station school contact has been planned with participants at Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on 06 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately 18:24 UTC. The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds. The contact will be direct between OR4ISS and 9M2RPN. The contact should be audible over Malaysia and adjacent areas. Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.

 

Total of students: 746 students

Total of teachers: 43 teachers

There is no amateur station in the school. The school is invited by National Space Agency Satellite Ground Station with a call sign of 9M2RPN in conjunction with "National Space Challenge Prime Minister's Trophy 2016" as in past years. 

 

 

Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows:

 

1. Is orbit speed always 17,300 mph?

2. What is the escape velocity to reach ISS?

3. When you have achieved orbit what is the first thing that you do?

4. What is microgravity ?

5. Can you weigh yourself in weightlessness?

6. How does one get treated in case of sudden sickness in space?

7. Does a shuttle orbit continually trace the same path across the earth? 

8. Can shuttle change its orbit?

9. Do you sweat in space?

10. Can you grow seeds in space?

11. Can you see other satellites from the ISS?

12. What time zone do you observe in space?

13. How many sun rises and sunsets do you see in space?

14. How often you get to speak to your families in space? 

15. How is garbage disposed in space? 

16. How do astronauts train for launch, orbit and reentry?

17. How would a candle burn in space?

18. Can you blow your nose in space? 

19. Do your ears pop when you launch? 

20. Can you see stars in daytime when you are in space?

 

 

 

PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:

 

      Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the 

      International Space Station (ARISS).

 

      To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status

 

 

Next planned event(s):

 

      1. iSPACE, Cincinnati OH, telebridge via IK1SLD 

                   The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS 

                   The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ 

                   Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-08 16:15 UTC 

 

               2.  Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones  

                   Creek, Texas,

                   telebridge via VK5ZAI

                   The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS 

                   The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS 

                   Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46 UTC

 

               3. University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,

                  telebridge via VK4KHZ 

                  The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS

                  The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ

                  Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00 UTC

 

 

 

About ARISS: 

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.

 

Thank you & 73,

David - AA4KN

 

 


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Thu Oct  6 04:53:51 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 14:53:51 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
	<A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>
Message-ID: <910884B5-19EC-4158-AD25-4B9826F34215@tech-software.net>

Scott

I am interested in getting mine going tonight

Can you step me through the software side please

Andrew

------------------------------------------
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
w www.tech-software.net
e vk4tec at tech-software.net
m +61 (4) 19 738 223
m 0419738223






> On 6 Oct 2016, at 9:25 AM, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Hi Bob & everyone.
> 
> I have a partially obscured view at the angle required for geostationary satellites but was curious to see if I could get Outernet's signal from Inmarsat 4-F3, which is where Outernet's transmission originates from in this area (USA East Coast).
> 
> For background, I had used a variety of antennas (patch, vivaldi, DirecTV dish repurposed) to receive some of the various data streams from Inmarsat 4-F3 in the past, with varying results.
> 
> I ordered the combination patch antenna / LNA / SDR that Outernet has assembled optimized for L-Band.  That left only the software side to configure.
> 
> The first option was zero-cost, which was to attempt to decode the Outernet feed using their guided software install for an existing Linux computer. This consisted of a number of apps working in concert.
> 
> The "receiver" portion worked properly - I did see a reasonable SNR and mostly error-free data stream.  Unfortunately, I never decoded any content with the other apps either due to their alpha or beta stage of development or my lack of linux expertise.
> 
> However, at the same time I was corresponding with a couple of other hams who saw similar results with the "add on" apps for a working linux computer. I have not dug any deeper with that method so as of now, for all I know that branch of the software might have improved.
> 
> In stark contrast to my lack of success with the linux method was a turnkey boot image that Outernet makes available for you to write to an SD card for use in a Raspberry Pi.  Consisting of a fairly lite linux OS, plus all the apps required and optimized for Outernet use, this solution was very much ready for production use.
> 
> I would say within 2 minutes of booting a new Pi-3 with the Outernet image, content started downloading to the local storage on the Pi.  I didn't have to do a thing but figure out how to log into the web interface that is your portal to the Pi.  (web as in http; there is no internet connection, naturally)  It was as plug-and-play as you could possibly get... turn on the Pi and point the antenna.  Period.  Content just starts downloading if you have a decent signal.  You connect to the Pi from another computer and any files that have downloaded are available for you to view.
> 
> Of course the antenna / LNA / SDR was attached before I powered up the Pi and positioned to have decent visibility in the right direction.  And of course it's easy to see that the better your RF receive situation, the better will be the rate at which content is received.
> 
> Finally, using items already on-hand for other experiments, I replaced the patch antenna with the TP-Link 2.4 GHz dish (https://www.amazon.com/Directional-Parabolic-Connector-Resistant-TL-ANT2424B/dp/B003CFATOW?th=1) that you often see used by amateurs for experimentation.  Never mind that it's supposedly for a higher frequency and never mind that it's not circularly polarized, I found that in conjunction with the LNA & SDR from Outernet, I received a much stronger signal than with the patch antenna. But in fairness, I have not made a comparison with a 100% clear view of the sky.
> 
> I hope those very early and limited observations of Outernet's solution are useful to you.
> 
> -Scott, K4KDR
> Montpelier, VA  USA
> 
> 
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> -----Original Message----- From: Robert Bruninga
> Sent: Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:51 PM
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
> 
> AMSAT tinkerers?
> 
> 
> 
> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
> 
> 
> 
> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
> 
> 
> 
> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
> 
> 
> 
> Bob, WB4APR 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Thu Oct  6 04:58:50 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 14:58:50 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
	<A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>
Message-ID: <1F38E55F-FE88-42E1-B4D7-8CBBB5547A51@tech-software.net>

Scott

what feed on the dish ?

Andrew

------------------------------------------
Andrew Rich VK4TEC
w www.tech-software.net
e vk4tec at tech-software.net
m +61 (4) 19 738 223
m 0419738223






> On 6 Oct 2016, at 9:25 AM, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Hi Bob & everyone.
> 
> I have a partially obscured view at the angle required for geostationary satellites but was curious to see if I could get Outernet's signal from Inmarsat 4-F3, which is where Outernet's transmission originates from in this area (USA East Coast).
> 
> For background, I had used a variety of antennas (patch, vivaldi, DirecTV dish repurposed) to receive some of the various data streams from Inmarsat 4-F3 in the past, with varying results.
> 
> I ordered the combination patch antenna / LNA / SDR that Outernet has assembled optimized for L-Band.  That left only the software side to configure.
> 
> The first option was zero-cost, which was to attempt to decode the Outernet feed using their guided software install for an existing Linux computer. This consisted of a number of apps working in concert.
> 
> The "receiver" portion worked properly - I did see a reasonable SNR and mostly error-free data stream.  Unfortunately, I never decoded any content with the other apps either due to their alpha or beta stage of development or my lack of linux expertise.
> 
> However, at the same time I was corresponding with a couple of other hams who saw similar results with the "add on" apps for a working linux computer. I have not dug any deeper with that method so as of now, for all I know that branch of the software might have improved.
> 
> In stark contrast to my lack of success with the linux method was a turnkey boot image that Outernet makes available for you to write to an SD card for use in a Raspberry Pi.  Consisting of a fairly lite linux OS, plus all the apps required and optimized for Outernet use, this solution was very much ready for production use.
> 
> I would say within 2 minutes of booting a new Pi-3 with the Outernet image, content started downloading to the local storage on the Pi.  I didn't have to do a thing but figure out how to log into the web interface that is your portal to the Pi.  (web as in http; there is no internet connection, naturally)  It was as plug-and-play as you could possibly get... turn on the Pi and point the antenna.  Period.  Content just starts downloading if you have a decent signal.  You connect to the Pi from another computer and any files that have downloaded are available for you to view.
> 
> Of course the antenna / LNA / SDR was attached before I powered up the Pi and positioned to have decent visibility in the right direction.  And of course it's easy to see that the better your RF receive situation, the better will be the rate at which content is received.
> 
> Finally, using items already on-hand for other experiments, I replaced the patch antenna with the TP-Link 2.4 GHz dish (https://www.amazon.com/Directional-Parabolic-Connector-Resistant-TL-ANT2424B/dp/B003CFATOW?th=1) that you often see used by amateurs for experimentation.  Never mind that it's supposedly for a higher frequency and never mind that it's not circularly polarized, I found that in conjunction with the LNA & SDR from Outernet, I received a much stronger signal than with the patch antenna. But in fairness, I have not made a comparison with a 100% clear view of the sky.
> 
> I hope those very early and limited observations of Outernet's solution are useful to you.
> 
> -Scott, K4KDR
> Montpelier, VA  USA
> 
> 
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> -----Original Message----- From: Robert Bruninga
> Sent: Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:51 PM
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
> 
> AMSAT tinkerers?
> 
> 
> 
> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
> 
> 
> 
> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
> 
> 
> 
> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
> 
> 
> 
> Bob, WB4APR 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From AJ9N at aol.com  Thu Oct  6 07:25:07 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 03:25:07 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-06 07:00
	UTC
Message-ID: <403791.793a6e50.45275652@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-06  07:00 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,  direct via 9M2RPN
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS  
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact is a go for: Thu  2016-10-06 18:24:00 UTC 46 deg 

Watch for live video stream at:  http://www.planetariumnegara.gov.my (***)


iSPACE,  Cincinnati OH, telebridge via IK1SLD 
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled  to be OR4ISS 
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ 
Contact is a  go for: Sat 2016-10-08 16:15:10 UTC 57 deg 

Stephen F. Austin  Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas, 
telebridge via  VK5ZAI
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled  astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS 
Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-10  16:46:00 UTC 50 deg

University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit  Institute, Omaha NE, telebridge via 
VK4KHZ
The ISS callsign is presently  scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg

****************************************************************************
**
Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 122
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-06 07:00 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1085. 
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1050. 
Each  contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time slot.
Total number of  ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A complete year by year  breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-01 20:30 UTC.  

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30 UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From 9w2qc at 9w2qc.net  Thu Oct  6 11:20:34 2016
From: 9w2qc at 9w2qc.net (Sion Chow Q. C. (9W2QC))
Date: Thu, 06 Oct 2016 07:20:34 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan
 Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
In-Reply-To: <380CD9EC7CCA49548EFAC8E1F5BB3C3F@DHJ>
Message-ID: <20161006072034.Horde.KZCXjRj1y6O1wjGFLY_MX0p@9w2qc.net>

Dear All,

The live stream of this contact can be viewed at  
http://www.planetariumnegara.gov.my/?q=article/live-streaming

Thank you.

73, Sion, 9M2CQC


Quoting n4csitwo at bellsouth.net:

> An International Space Station school contact has been planned with  
> participants at Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur,  
> Malaysia on 06 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately  
> 18:24 UTC. The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes  
> and 30 seconds. The contact will be direct between OR4ISS and  
> 9M2RPN. The contact should be audible over Malaysia and adjacent  
> areas. Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz  
> downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.
>
>
>
> Total of students: 746 students
>
> Total of teachers: 43 teachers
>
> There is no amateur station in the school. The school is invited by  
> National Space Agency Satellite Ground Station with a call sign of  
> 9M2RPN in conjunction with "National Space Challenge Prime  
> Minister's Trophy 2016" as in past years.
>
>
>
>
>
> Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows:
>
>
>
> 1. Is orbit speed always 17,300 mph?
>
> 2. What is the escape velocity to reach ISS?
>
> 3. When you have achieved orbit what is the first thing that you do?
>
> 4. What is microgravity ?
>
> 5. Can you weigh yourself in weightlessness?
>
> 6. How does one get treated in case of sudden sickness in space?
>
> 7. Does a shuttle orbit continually trace the same path across the earth?
>
> 8. Can shuttle change its orbit?
>
> 9. Do you sweat in space?
>
> 10. Can you grow seeds in space?
>
> 11. Can you see other satellites from the ISS?
>
> 12. What time zone do you observe in space?
>
> 13. How many sun rises and sunsets do you see in space?
>
> 14. How often you get to speak to your families in space?
>
> 15. How is garbage disposed in space?
>
> 16. How do astronauts train for launch, orbit and reentry?
>
> 17. How would a candle burn in space?
>
> 18. Can you blow your nose in space?
>
> 19. Do your ears pop when you launch?
>
> 20. Can you see stars in daytime when you are in space?
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:
>
>
>
>       Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the
>
>       International Space Station (ARISS).
>
>
>
>       To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status
>
>
>
>
>
> Next planned event(s):
>
>
>
>       1. iSPACE, Cincinnati OH, telebridge via IK1SLD
>
>                    The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS
>
>                    The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
>
>                    Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-08 16:15 UTC
>
>
>
>                2.  Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones
>
>                    Creek, Texas,
>
>                    telebridge via VK5ZAI
>
>                    The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
>
>                    The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
>
>                    Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46 UTC
>
>
>
>                3. University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,
>
>                   telebridge via VK4KHZ
>
>                   The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
>
>                   The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
>
>                   Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00 UTC
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> About ARISS:
>
> Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a  
> cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the  
> space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS).  
> In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite  
> Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the  
> Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National  
> Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of  
> ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering,  
> and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via  
> amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in  
> classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of  
> experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with  
> large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during  
> these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities  
> learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more
>   information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.
>
>
>
> Thank you & 73,
>
> David - AA4KN
>
>
>
>
>
>
> ---
> This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
> https://www.avast.com/antivirus
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.  
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official  
> views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb




From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Thu Oct  6 15:01:43 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 10:01:43 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] symposium
In-Reply-To: <CAD33etp+CK_RuxNGR+UMJhjxq8kX-Bv=ACnz-iRKu7uiH1-siQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAD33etp+CK_RuxNGR+UMJhjxq8kX-Bv=ACnz-iRKu7uiH1-siQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <ABCE85A5-5F28-4068-A529-9652CDC57025@gmail.com>

No firm plans yet. We may visit JSC the day we get off the ship. 

Chad

KG0MW



Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 5, 2016, at 4:02 PM, Steve A <onmontauk at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> What are your plans?
> When is the ISS Tour of NASA?
> 
> I plan on renting a car a week before the symposium, and staying a week
> after. Anyone want to explore the area with me. I got room for 2 or 3.
> 
> Steve Akkala
> W2AKK
> w2akk at arrl.org
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Thu Oct  6 15:02:37 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 11:02:37 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <910884B5-19EC-4158-AD25-4B9826F34215@tech-software.net>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
	<A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>
	<910884B5-19EC-4158-AD25-4B9826F34215@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CAJCSnOaQFZeHnmXuC-MO6o5O-XWhF34e5N7Dm1zVvCQ9kONvpQ@mail.gmail.com>

The O/S image for the Pi can be downloaded from:

https://archive.outernet.is/images/rxOS-Raspberry-Pi/

... there is documentation at:

http://rxos.readthedocs.io/en/develop/getting_started/raspberry_pi.html

... but that doc currently seems to cover a lot more than the Pi and also a
lot more than just installing & using the system.

So, in summary it's a lot more straightforward than you would think from
the instructions:

-write the O/S image to a micro-SD card for the Pi

-point your antenna in the correct direction & plug it into the LNA > SDR >
Pi

-power on the Pi

-from a wi-fi capable computer, connect to SSID "Outernet"

-in a browser, connect to either 10.0.0.1 or 10.10.10.10 (mine uses the
former, but I noticed in the doc that they reference the latter)

-the browser interface will walk you through setting up an admin password;
you can explore the interface from there

Ref. the TP-Link dish, the feed is included.   I believe it's more-or-less
a dipole.


==================================================================

On Thu, Oct 6, 2016 at 12:53 AM, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net>
wrote:

> Scott
>
> I am interested in getting mine going tonight
>
> Can you step me through the software side please
>
> Andrew
>

>>>>> what feed on the dish ?

>
> ------------------------------------------
> Andrew Rich VK4TEC
> w www.tech-software.net
> e vk4tec at tech-software.net
> m +61 (4) 19 738 223
> m 0419738223
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On 6 Oct 2016, at 9:25 AM, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Hi Bob & everyone.
>
> I have a partially obscured view at the angle required for geostationary
> satellites but was curious to see if I could get Outernet's signal from
> Inmarsat 4-F3, which is where Outernet's transmission originates from in
> this area (USA East Coast).
>
> For background, I had used a variety of antennas (patch, vivaldi, DirecTV
> dish repurposed) to receive some of the various data streams from Inmarsat
> 4-F3 in the past, with varying results.
>
> I ordered the combination patch antenna / LNA / SDR that Outernet has
> assembled optimized for L-Band.  That left only the software side to
> configure.
>
> The first option was zero-cost, which was to attempt to decode the
> Outernet feed using their guided software install for an existing Linux
> computer. This consisted of a number of apps working in concert.
>
> The "receiver" portion worked properly - I did see a reasonable SNR and
> mostly error-free data stream.  Unfortunately, I never decoded any content
> with the other apps either due to their alpha or beta stage of development
> or my lack of linux expertise.
>
> However, at the same time I was corresponding with a couple of other hams
> who saw similar results with the "add on" apps for a working linux
> computer. I have not dug any deeper with that method so as of now, for all
> I know that branch of the software might have improved.
>
> In stark contrast to my lack of success with the linux method was a
> turnkey boot image that Outernet makes available for you to write to an SD
> card for use in a Raspberry Pi.  Consisting of a fairly lite linux OS, plus
> all the apps required and optimized for Outernet use, this solution was
> very much ready for production use.
>
> I would say within 2 minutes of booting a new Pi-3 with the Outernet
> image, content started downloading to the local storage on the Pi.  I
> didn't have to do a thing but figure out how to log into the web interface
> that is your portal to the Pi.  (web as in http; there is no internet
> connection, naturally)  It was as plug-and-play as you could possibly
> get... turn on the Pi and point the antenna.  Period.  Content just starts
> downloading if you have a decent signal.  You connect to the Pi from
> another computer and any files that have downloaded are available for you
> to view.
>
> Of course the antenna / LNA / SDR was attached before I powered up the Pi
> and positioned to have decent visibility in the right direction.  And of
> course it's easy to see that the better your RF receive situation, the
> better will be the rate at which content is received.
>
> Finally, using items already on-hand for other experiments, I replaced the
> patch antenna with the TP-Link 2.4 GHz dish (https://www.amazon.com/
> Directional-Parabolic-Connector-Resistant-TL-ANT2424B/dp/B003CFATOW?th=1)
> that you often see used by amateurs for experimentation.  Never mind that
> it's supposedly for a higher frequency and never mind that it's not
> circularly polarized, I found that in conjunction with the LNA & SDR from
> Outernet, I received a much stronger signal than with the patch antenna.
> But in fairness, I have not made a comparison with a 100% clear view of the
> sky.
>
> I hope those very early and limited observations of Outernet's solution
> are useful to you.
>
> -Scott, K4KDR
> Montpelier, VA  USA
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------
> --------------------
>
> -----Original Message----- From: Robert Bruninga
> Sent: Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:51 PM
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
>
> AMSAT tinkerers?
>
>
>
> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
>
>
>
> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
>
>
>
> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
>
>
>
> Bob, WB4APR
>
>

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Thu Oct  6 15:06:37 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 11:06:37 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
In-Reply-To: <CALRS4DyAKm4r-K98C6pQEoRXQzpq=1JdJ-ZpWJ7dwg2zUNTtcA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CALRS4Dw3D+5d0y_OLDK7FmoSSAuRXjStmR==n1OMBKoB-u0=vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<479663765.533929.1473274174846@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CALRS4DwgdZE4SWLPQf4yO8XQJ4_L==_1RDBvVXLmqF2Lg__a+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DwqP+HN5ZTB3-cw=aL36Wdm2rgXr3cFyrHh=O=YtcYGFg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DyAKm4r-K98C6pQEoRXQzpq=1JdJ-ZpWJ7dwg2zUNTtcA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAJCSnObU4Apgn5tTbX9kOqQ5TXzCLgUKD7ZP7ABQg77QiQPOGg@mail.gmail.com>

I had good elevation this morning (65?) at 14:52 UTC on the East Coast of
the US but unfortunately nothing was heard on 145.980.

-Scott,  K4KDR



====================

On Wed, Oct 5, 2016 at 12:01 PM, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
wrote:

> Hello all,
>
> Pratham has been identified as object 41783, 2016-059A. However we have not
> been able to track the satellite with these TLE's. If you could please
> track the satellite with these TLE's and confirm with us it would be really
> appreciable. Thank you.
>
> Kind regards.
> Team Pratham!
>
> On Sunday 25 September 2016, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> > Hello all,
> >
> > We are glad to inform you that Pratham, IITB's Student Satellite is
> > expected to launch with the help of PSLV-C35 on 26th September, 2016 at
> > 9:12 AM.
> > ??
> > The following are the TLE data for the satellite:
> >
> > 16005A      16270.25119097     0.00000311       00000-0     59418-4     0
> >    1232
> > 98.2057    329.0542    0028038    267.7677   9.1998   14.63716875    11
> >
> > Any update in these will be notified at the earliest. We would love you
> > all to be a part of the project and help us in tracking our satellite.
> > There are basically two downlink for the satellite, The beacon is
> > estimated to switch on in the window of 25-30 degrees North and 4-8
> degrees
> > East as per the current TLE's. Once switched on, it will remain so
> through
> > out it's orbit. The telemetry data will be switched on only over France
> and
> > India because of our power constraints. If you could, please receive the
> > beacon and/or telemetry of the satellite and report back to the mail id's
> > as given below. The information for the satellite transmissions is given
> > below,
> >
> > Beacon:
> > Frequency: 145.98 MHz
> > Modulation: CW
> > Words per minute: 30
> > Power Emitted: 0.2 W (23 dBm)
> >
> > Telemetry:
> > To be switched on only over India and France
> > Modulation: FSK
> > Rate: 1200 bps
> > Power Emitted: 0.06 W (18 dBm)
> >
> > For any other Information you may visit our website
> > <http://www.aero.iitb.ac.in/pratham/>. Also feel free to contact our
> > Communication and Ground station team, (Rachana Agarwal,
> > rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com
> > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com');>; and
> Aayush
> > Yadav, aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
> > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>) for any
> > queries you may have.
> >
> > On Thu, Sep 8, 2016 at 1:44 PM, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
> > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>> wrote:
> >
> >> Hello,
> >>
> >> Thank you for your wishes.
> >>
> >> The FSK downlink contains only the health monitoring data of the
> >> satellite and is used for payload calculations. IPGP university in
> france
> >> requested us for the payload data for their scientific research thus we
> are
> >> switching on the telemetry only over India and France.
> >>
> >> However the CW beacon will be on through out the orbit and can be
> >> received from anywhere.
> >>
> >> Kind regards,
> >> Team Pratham
> >>
> >>
> >> On Thursday 8 September 2016, Nitin Muttin <vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in
> >> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in');>> wrote:
> >>
> >>> Hi Team Pratham,
> >>>
> >>> Thanks for the update and will look forward for a successful launch and
> >>> deployment of your satellite. Please share why the FSK downlink on
> 437.455
> >>> Mhz is activated over France and India.
> >>>
> >>> 73
> >>> Nitin [VU3TYG]
> >>> Secretary, AMSAT INDIA
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> ------------------------------
> >>> *From:* Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
> >>> *To:* "amsat-bb at amsat.org" <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
> >>> *Sent:* Wednesday, 7 September 2016 10:25 PM
> >>> *Subject:* [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
> >>>
> >>> Greetings everyone,
> >>>
> >>> We, students of IIT Bombay, are glad to inform you that our project,
> >>> Pratham, is ready and expected to launch with PSLV-C35 in the last week
> >>> of
> >>> September. We would be really happy if  you all joined us in receiving
> >>> our
> >>> satellite's beacon, details given below:
> >>>
> >>> Beacon:
> >>> Mode: CW
> >>> wpm: 35 words
> >>> Frequency: 145.980 MHz
> >>>
> >>> Downlink:
> >>> Mode: FSK
> >>> Baudrate: 1200 bps
> >>> Frequency: 437.455 MHz
> >>> (To be switched on over France and India only)
> >>>
> >>> We will update the information as soon as TLE's will be available.
> >>>
> >>> Kind Regards.
> >>> Team Pratham
> >>>

From n6rfm1 at gmail.com  Thu Oct  6 15:25:00 2016
From: n6rfm1 at gmail.com (N6RFM1 gmail)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 11:25:00 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet experiences
Message-ID: <00c301d21fe5$ceed0f60$6cc72e20$@gmail.com>

Bob and fellow AMSAT tinkerers,

 

I also have the system up and running using the patch antenna, LNA/BPF and
an E4000 based dongle sourced from Outernet. 

 

It?s was very straightforward to get it running using the Raspberry Pi (3)
and their rxOS.  Burn an SD card, and fire it up.   This makes changing back
to another OS as simple as swapping out the SD card. 

 

The E4000 RTL-SDR Outernet provides appears to be modified so that bias-T is
passed to the LNA out of the box.  Otherwise another means to power an LNA
may be necessary.  

 

As an alternative to the R-Pi, they also support the CHIP computer.  This
device is not much bigger than a credit card, and ~ ?? thick.  If sourced
from Outernet, it comes flashed with their rxOS software.  It took me some
time to appreciate that the CHIP?s wifi RX is a bit deaf.  So, to log onto
the system with any wifi enable device (such as my iPhone), I had to be
within a few feet.  

 

The CHIP is however fun to play with.  It can also be flashed with a Debian
based OS and used as stand-alone computer.   It seemed a bit slow (heck,
what do you expect for a $9 computer) but was serviceable to surf the web,
email, etc.  That said, flashing back to the rxOS for Outernet
reception/decoding from the Debian OS is clunky and requires getting under
the Linux hood in terminal mode.  

 

Outernet has a pretty active user forum, with technical support often coming
from the founder.  For me it was a fun way to do some RX at 1.5 GHz, learn
some more Linux and play with some interesting hardware.  Now I need to
build a WX tight radome to allow 24/7 RX.

 

Lastly, shout out and thanks to Scott K4KDR and Darren G0HWW for advice and
encouragement.

 

GL,

 

Bob N6RFM  FN41iq

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Message: 5

Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 18:51:52 -0400

From: Robert Bruninga <bruninga at usna.edu <mailto:bruninga at usna.edu> >

To: amsat-bb at amsat.org <mailto:amsat-bb at amsat.org> 

Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?

Message-ID: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18 at mail.gmail.com
<mailto:f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18 at mail.gmail.com> >

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

 

AMSAT tinkerers?

 

 

 

OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system

designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have

six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need

is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via

your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.

 

 

 

Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d

like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.

 

 

 

We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our

Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See

http://aprs.org/outnet.html

 

 

 

Bob, WB4APR

 


From dan at post.com  Thu Oct  6 18:15:28 2016
From: dan at post.com (Daniel Cussen)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 19:15:28 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan
 Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
In-Reply-To: <20161006072034.Horde.KZCXjRj1y6O1wjGFLY_MX0p@9w2qc.net>
References: <380CD9EC7CCA49548EFAC8E1F5BB3C3F@DHJ>
	<20161006072034.Horde.KZCXjRj1y6O1wjGFLY_MX0p@9w2qc.net>
Message-ID: <CAF3DnKgOiDFYHD2RC_Vsdmz23E4CXVmhh+Es6MGdaaupmeWuuA@mail.gmail.com>

Stream is live. You can view it full screen here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qE8a9ik9cI8

Contact starts at 24 minutes past the hour. 18:24 UTC

On 06/10/2016, Sion Chow Q. C. (9W2QC) <9w2qc at 9w2qc.net> wrote:
> Dear All,
>
> The live stream of this contact can be viewed at
> http://www.planetariumnegara.gov.my/?q=article/live-streaming
>
> Thank you.
>
> 73, Sion, 9M2CQC
>
>
> Quoting n4csitwo at bellsouth.net:
>
>> An International Space Station school contact has been planned with
>> participants at Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur,
>> Malaysia on 06 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately
>> 18:24 UTC. The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes
>> and 30 seconds. The contact will be direct between OR4ISS and
>> 9M2RPN. The contact should be audible over Malaysia and adjacent
>> areas. Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz
>> downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.
>>
>>
>>
>> Total of students: 746 students
>>
>> Total of teachers: 43 teachers
>>
>> There is no amateur station in the school. The school is invited by
>> National Space Agency Satellite Ground Station with a call sign of
>> 9M2RPN in conjunction with "National Space Challenge Prime
>> Minister's Trophy 2016" as in past years.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows:
>>
>>
>>
>> 1. Is orbit speed always 17,300 mph?
>>
>> 2. What is the escape velocity to reach ISS?
>>
>> 3. When you have achieved orbit what is the first thing that you do?
>>
>> 4. What is microgravity ?
>>
>> 5. Can you weigh yourself in weightlessness?
>>
>> 6. How does one get treated in case of sudden sickness in space?
>>
>> 7. Does a shuttle orbit continually trace the same path across the earth?
>>
>> 8. Can shuttle change its orbit?
>>
>> 9. Do you sweat in space?
>>
>> 10. Can you grow seeds in space?
>>
>> 11. Can you see other satellites from the ISS?
>>
>> 12. What time zone do you observe in space?
>>
>> 13. How many sun rises and sunsets do you see in space?
>>
>> 14. How often you get to speak to your families in space?
>>
>> 15. How is garbage disposed in space?
>>
>> 16. How do astronauts train for launch, orbit and reentry?
>>
>> 17. How would a candle burn in space?
>>
>> 18. Can you blow your nose in space?
>>
>> 19. Do your ears pop when you launch?
>>
>> 20. Can you see stars in daytime when you are in space?
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:
>>
>>
>>
>>       Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the
>>
>>       International Space Station (ARISS).
>>
>>
>>
>>       To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> Next planned event(s):
>>
>>
>>
>>       1. iSPACE, Cincinnati OH, telebridge via IK1SLD
>>
>>                    The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS
>>
>>                    The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
>>
>>                    Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-08 16:15 UTC
>>
>>
>>
>>                2.  Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD,
>> Jones
>>
>>                    Creek, Texas,
>>
>>                    telebridge via VK5ZAI
>>
>>                    The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
>>
>>                    The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
>>
>>                    Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46 UTC
>>
>>
>>
>>                3. University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha
>> NE,
>>
>>                   telebridge via VK4KHZ
>>
>>                   The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
>>
>>                   The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
>>
>>                   Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00 UTC
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> About ARISS:
>>
>> Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a
>> cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the
>> space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS).
>> In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite
>> Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the
>> Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National
>> Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of
>> ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering,
>> and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via
>> amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in
>> classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of
>> experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with
>> large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during
>> these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities
>> learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more
>>   information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.
>>
>>
>>
>> Thank you & 73,
>>
>> David - AA4KN
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ---
>> This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
>> https://www.avast.com/antivirus
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
>> views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From ko6th.greg at gmail.com  Thu Oct  6 22:31:56 2016
From: ko6th.greg at gmail.com (Greg D)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 15:31:56 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Looking for OLD (really old) Ham-related software
Message-ID: <57F6D0DC.1070501@gmail.com>

Hi folks,

In the small world department, it turns out that a fellow Ham club
member and I were both part of the original Homebrew Computer Club back
in the 70's.  We thought it might be fun to have a demo at one of the
Ham club meetings of some of the old hardware running something
ham-related, just for fun.

I have an "MAI Jolt", a 6502 / TIM system that I built in 1976, and just
got it running again.  12K of memory, TV Typewriter, paper tape reader. 
CPU runs at a blazing 750 khz.  Plays Hunt the Wumpus perfectly.  Yes,
folks, computing in the AM Broadcast band was never better.

What I need now is some software (besides HtW) to run on it.  This is
NOT a C-64 or Apple-II; they have the same CPU chip, but different
memory map and I/O.  Besides the raw CPU itself, I also have a copy of
Tom Pitman's Tiny Basic that also appears to run.  The usual Google
searches have come up either empty or with broken links to places like
GeoCities.

Anybody have anything TIM or Tiny Basic compatible that they can share
or point me to?

Thanks,

Greg  KO6TH


From n4csitwo at bellsouth.net  Fri Oct  7 02:58:44 2016
From: n4csitwo at bellsouth.net (n4csitwo at bellsouth.net)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 22:58:44 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with iSPACE, Cincinnati OH
Message-ID: <B1F9591B69194086BD1CCA7C1386A119@DHJ>

An International Space Station school contact has been planned with participants at iSPACE, Cincinnati OH on 08 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately 16:15 UTC. It is recommended that you start listening approximately 10 minutes before this time.The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds. The contact will be a telebridge between OR4ISS and IK1SLD. The contact should be audible over Italy and adjacent areas.  Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.

 

 

In 2001, iSPACE, a 501(c)(3) organization, incorporated as a STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) educational resource for schools throughout the Greater Cincinnati region.  The iSPACE mission is to make STEM learning exciting and to promote STEM career awareness, through interactive programs for students, educators and families in the region.  iSPACE provides innovative and effective programs, events and learning experiences for students (grades preK?12), their educators and their families including field trips, outreach, professional development and other programs that stimulate interest and appreciation for STEM. In 2015, iSPACE programs served a diverse population of 24,731 youth and 5,791 adults in more than 500 schools.  iSPACE works diligently to collaborate within the regional and their programs are recognized for their effectiveness throughout the STEM community.  Through rigorous alignment to national and state standards and the utilization of best practices, iSPACE continues to develop curriculum for educators and inquiry?based educational opportunities for students.  iSPACE has made a mark in Greater Cincinnati for our high quality programs that measurably and effectively inspire students in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, increase their content knowledge and introduce them to STEM careers.

 

 

Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows: 

 

1. What has been the most exciting part of your mission so far?

2. After seeing all the places on Earth from space, which one do you most 

   want to visit once you get back to Earth?

3. What's your favorite part of the day?

4. I know you use animals in research. How many animals do you have in space 

   with you right now and how do you take care of them?

5. Can a flying insect fly in space?

6. When you were preparing to leave high school did you know that you wanted 

   to be an astronaut?  How did you decide what you wanted to do after high 

   school?

7. Please describe your years of education and training that led to your 

   assignment on the space station.

8. Do you practice emergency drills?  Can you describe some of the critical 

   incidents that you need to prepare for?

9. Will your stay in space get shorter if you have too many headaches? Also, 

   if you have ever had a space headache, what did it feel like during and 

   after?

10. What are the major research projects you are focusing on and what 

    discoveries have you made?

11. Have any of the experiments failed or given you totally different results 

    than you expected?

12. Do you prefer being in space or on Earth?

13. What has been your greatest challenge so far and how did you respond to 

    it?

14. Can you describe what zero gravity feels like?

15. Have you done a spacewalk and how does it feel?

16. What do you think the biggest advances will be in the space program over the next ten year?

17. What are you most looking forward to when you return to earth and what 

    will you miss the most from your mission?

18. Does your schedule ever seem repetitive?

 

 

 

 

PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:

 

      Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS).

 

      To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status

 

 

 

Next planned event(s):

 

   1. Stephen F. Austin  Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, 

      Texas, 

      telebridge via  VK5ZAI

      The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS

      The scheduled  astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS 

      Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-10  16:46:00 UTC 50 deg

 

   2. University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit  Institute, Omaha NE, telebridge 

      via VK4KHZ

      The ISS callsign is presently  scheduled to be NA1SS

      The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ

      Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg

 

 

 

About ARISS: 

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.

 

Thank you & 73,

David - AA4KN

 


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

From sqrtofone at yahoo.com  Fri Oct  7 02:52:54 2016
From: sqrtofone at yahoo.com (Jay Mail)
Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 21:52:54 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Looking for OLD (really old) Ham-related software
In-Reply-To: <57F6D0DC.1070501@gmail.com>
References: <57F6D0DC.1070501@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <35147CFB-234D-4447-9D3F-63BEFCC32D91@yahoo.com>

If a link is broken, you could always try to look for it or other material on archive.org.

Here's a link to a national semiconductor manual for tinybasic, for example.

https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_nationalstSCTinyBASICUsersManualNov80_8366353


Jay Cox KG5BZW

Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 6, 2016, at 5:31 PM, Greg D <ko6th.greg at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Hi folks,
> 
> In the small world department, it turns out that a fellow Ham club
> member and I were both part of the original Homebrew Computer Club back
> in the 70's.  We thought it might be fun to have a demo at one of the
> Ham club meetings of some of the old hardware running something
> ham-related, just for fun.
> 
> I have an "MAI Jolt", a 6502 / TIM system that I built in 1976, and just
> got it running again.  12K of memory, TV Typewriter, paper tape reader. 
> CPU runs at a blazing 750 khz.  Plays Hunt the Wumpus perfectly.  Yes,
> folks, computing in the AM Broadcast band was never better.
> 
> What I need now is some software (besides HtW) to run on it.  This is
> NOT a C-64 or Apple-II; they have the same CPU chip, but different
> memory map and I/O.  Besides the raw CPU itself, I also have a copy of
> Tom Pitman's Tiny Basic that also appears to run.  The usual Google
> searches have come up either empty or with broken links to places like
> GeoCities.
> 
> Anybody have anything TIM or Tiny Basic compatible that they can share
> or point me to?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Greg  KO6TH
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 05:28:39 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 01:28:39 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAJCSnOYXy58xO_yH-cCw2+t6RBQ=kLfQrFXmwisY+cRuTLvV-g@mail.gmail.com>

I have a couple of additional pieces of information to pass along on this
topic as of tonight.

As many are aware, the Outernet hardware "package" consists of a patch
antenna, LNA, and unmarked SDR with bias-T enabled.

Tonight I remembered that some time ago I could not resist buying a couple
of the second (?) generation metal-case RTL-SDR dongles from rtl-sdr.com.
I have been using one on my linux computer but the other one was unused.
Remembering that these rtl-sdr dongles had 5v bias-T as an option, I took
the unused one apart and soldered the appropriate pins to enable the
bias-T.  That allowed me to do a comparison with the unmarked SDR that came
with the other Outernet items.

Setting Outernet aside for a moment, I did an apples to apples comparison
of the L-Band AERO signals coming from Inmarsat 4-F3.  The difference in
signal strength was obvious and substantial.  The rtl-sdr gave me over 10db
more SNR, so in addition to the 600 & 1200 AERO data streams, I could now
easily decode the 10k AERO signals where there is a lot more (and more
interesting) traffic.

So with that test complete and fairly conclusive, I reconnected everything
to the Raspberry Pi but with the rtl-sdr dongle this time.  Not
surprisingly, the L-Band Outernet signal was also greatly improved.  Where
my SNR figure had been around 3, with the rtl-sdr dongle it was varying
between 6 & 8.  Please keep in mind that I do not have a clear sky view, so
take all of these findings with that in mind.

A few minutes after powering up the Pi and seeing the improved SNR figure,
content from the satellite started downloading.  As you might expect, the
rate seemed to be noticeably quicker than before.

Imagine my surprise to see the first file arrive as a .tgz compressed
archive that, when extracted, contained some amateur radio content!  Here
are the first few lines from the file that just arrived:

==========================
OUTERNET>APRS:>OUTERNET file created Fri Oct  7 05:00:19 UTC 2016
VI50CC>APRS,RS0ISS*,qAR,ZL4JL-6::RS0ISS   :Hello ZL   James G/day Mate
RS0ISS>CQ,qAS,ZL1KM-H:>ARISS - International Space Station
K6PKL>CQ,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:=3748.51N/12112.44W-Solar powered, 20 watts
j-pole {UIV32N}
KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl tK\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
PLEASE REPLY  =
KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl"@K\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
PLEASE REPLY  =
KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl"cK\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
PLEASE REPLY  =
RS0ISS>CQ,qAS,KK6RKY:>ARISS - International Space Station
==========================

... and it continued with similar APRS type traffic.

So, if my finding is any example, if anyone would like to optimize their
Outernet reception, or for that matter ANY L-band reception, you can do it
without dedicating one of the expensive SDR's to this function.  The
metal-case rtl-sdr dongle with bias-T enabled was an excellent step up in
performance for me.

-Scott,  K4KDR

=============
=============

On Wed, Oct 5, 2016 at 6:51 PM, Robert Bruninga <bruninga at usna.edu> wrote:

> AMSAT tinkerers?
>
> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
>
> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
>
> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
>
> Bob, WB4APR
>
>

From AJ9N at aol.com  Fri Oct  7 06:12:14 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 02:12:14 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-07 07:00
	UTC
Message-ID: <504f3c.1466717f.452896be@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-07  07:00 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,  direct via 9M2RPN
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS  
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact was successful:  Thu 2016-10-06 18:24:00 UTC 46 deg (***)

iSPACE, Cincinnati OH,  telebridge via IK1SLD 
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS  
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ 
Contact is a go for: Sat  2016-10-08 16:15:10 UTC 57 deg 

Stephen F. Austin Elementary  School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas, 
telebridge via VK5ZAI
The ISS  callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya  Onishi KF5LKS 
Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46:00 UTC 50  deg

University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,  telebridge via 
VK4KHZ
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact is a go for:  Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg

****************************************************************************
**
Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123 (***)
Gaston ON4WF with  121 
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-07 07:00 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1086. (***)
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1051.  (***)
Each contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time  slot.
Total number of ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A  complete year by year breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-07 07:00 UTC.  
(***)

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 07:06:04 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 17:06:04 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <CAJCSnOaQFZeHnmXuC-MO6o5O-XWhF34e5N7Dm1zVvCQ9kONvpQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
	<A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>
	<910884B5-19EC-4158-AD25-4B9826F34215@tech-software.net>
	<CAJCSnOaQFZeHnmXuC-MO6o5O-XWhF34e5N7Dm1zVvCQ9kONvpQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1DB77E7D-B8F2-432A-910C-CDB5B95C3AFE@tech-software.net>

What are the frequencies for the different regions ?

I want to use my SDR to get a dish going 

Andrew 
'
> On 7 Oct 2016, at 01:02, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> The O/S image for the Pi can be downloaded from:
> 
> https://archive.outernet.is/images/rxOS-Raspberry-Pi/
> 
> ... there is documentation at:
> 
> http://rxos.readthedocs.io/en/develop/getting_started/raspberry_pi.html
> 
> ... but that doc currently seems to cover a lot more than the Pi and also a
> lot more than just installing & using the system.
> 
> So, in summary it's a lot more straightforward than you would think from
> the instructions:
> 
> -write the O/S image to a micro-SD card for the Pi
> 
> -point your antenna in the correct direction & plug it into the LNA > SDR >
> Pi
> 
> -power on the Pi
> 
> -from a wi-fi capable computer, connect to SSID "Outernet"
> 
> -in a browser, connect to either 10.0.0.1 or 10.10.10.10 (mine uses the
> former, but I noticed in the doc that they reference the latter)
> 
> -the browser interface will walk you through setting up an admin password;
> you can explore the interface from there
> 
> Ref. the TP-Link dish, the feed is included.   I believe it's more-or-less
> a dipole.
> 
> 
> ==================================================================
> 
> On Thu, Oct 6, 2016 at 12:53 AM, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net>
> wrote:
> 
>> Scott
>> 
>> I am interested in getting mine going tonight
>> 
>> Can you step me through the software side please
>> 
>> Andrew
>> 
> 
>>>>>> what feed on the dish ?
> 
>> 
>> ------------------------------------------
>> Andrew Rich VK4TEC
>> w www.tech-software.net
>> e vk4tec at tech-software.net
>> m +61 (4) 19 738 223
>> m 0419738223
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> On 6 Oct 2016, at 9:25 AM, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:
>> 
>> Hi Bob & everyone.
>> 
>> I have a partially obscured view at the angle required for geostationary
>> satellites but was curious to see if I could get Outernet's signal from
>> Inmarsat 4-F3, which is where Outernet's transmission originates from in
>> this area (USA East Coast).
>> 
>> For background, I had used a variety of antennas (patch, vivaldi, DirecTV
>> dish repurposed) to receive some of the various data streams from Inmarsat
>> 4-F3 in the past, with varying results.
>> 
>> I ordered the combination patch antenna / LNA / SDR that Outernet has
>> assembled optimized for L-Band.  That left only the software side to
>> configure.
>> 
>> The first option was zero-cost, which was to attempt to decode the
>> Outernet feed using their guided software install for an existing Linux
>> computer. This consisted of a number of apps working in concert.
>> 
>> The "receiver" portion worked properly - I did see a reasonable SNR and
>> mostly error-free data stream.  Unfortunately, I never decoded any content
>> with the other apps either due to their alpha or beta stage of development
>> or my lack of linux expertise.
>> 
>> However, at the same time I was corresponding with a couple of other hams
>> who saw similar results with the "add on" apps for a working linux
>> computer. I have not dug any deeper with that method so as of now, for all
>> I know that branch of the software might have improved.
>> 
>> In stark contrast to my lack of success with the linux method was a
>> turnkey boot image that Outernet makes available for you to write to an SD
>> card for use in a Raspberry Pi.  Consisting of a fairly lite linux OS, plus
>> all the apps required and optimized for Outernet use, this solution was
>> very much ready for production use.
>> 
>> I would say within 2 minutes of booting a new Pi-3 with the Outernet
>> image, content started downloading to the local storage on the Pi.  I
>> didn't have to do a thing but figure out how to log into the web interface
>> that is your portal to the Pi.  (web as in http; there is no internet
>> connection, naturally)  It was as plug-and-play as you could possibly
>> get... turn on the Pi and point the antenna.  Period.  Content just starts
>> downloading if you have a decent signal.  You connect to the Pi from
>> another computer and any files that have downloaded are available for you
>> to view.
>> 
>> Of course the antenna / LNA / SDR was attached before I powered up the Pi
>> and positioned to have decent visibility in the right direction.  And of
>> course it's easy to see that the better your RF receive situation, the
>> better will be the rate at which content is received.
>> 
>> Finally, using items already on-hand for other experiments, I replaced the
>> patch antenna with the TP-Link 2.4 GHz dish (https://www.amazon.com/
>> Directional-Parabolic-Connector-Resistant-TL-ANT2424B/dp/B003CFATOW?th=1)
>> that you often see used by amateurs for experimentation.  Never mind that
>> it's supposedly for a higher frequency and never mind that it's not
>> circularly polarized, I found that in conjunction with the LNA & SDR from
>> Outernet, I received a much stronger signal than with the patch antenna.
>> But in fairness, I have not made a comparison with a 100% clear view of the
>> sky.
>> 
>> I hope those very early and limited observations of Outernet's solution
>> are useful to you.
>> 
>> -Scott, K4KDR
>> Montpelier, VA  USA
>> 
>> 
>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>> --------------------
>> 
>> -----Original Message----- From: Robert Bruninga
>> Sent: Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:51 PM
>> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
>> Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
>> 
>> AMSAT tinkerers?
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
>> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
>> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
>> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
>> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
>> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
>> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
>> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Bob, WB4APR
>> 
>> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 07:07:15 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 17:07:15 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet experiences
In-Reply-To: <00c301d21fe5$ceed0f60$6cc72e20$@gmail.com>
References: <00c301d21fe5$ceed0f60$6cc72e20$@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <591C3652-D1E7-4316-A83D-C2F3C08A0DEB@tech-software.net>

Config files for each region ?

Should have freqs ?

Andrew 

> On 7 Oct 2016, at 01:25, N6RFM1 gmail <n6rfm1 at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Bob and fellow AMSAT tinkerers,
> 
> 
> 
> I also have the system up and running using the patch antenna, LNA/BPF and
> an E4000 based dongle sourced from Outernet. 
> 
> 
> 
> It?s was very straightforward to get it running using the Raspberry Pi (3)
> and their rxOS.  Burn an SD card, and fire it up.   This makes changing back
> to another OS as simple as swapping out the SD card. 
> 
> 
> 
> The E4000 RTL-SDR Outernet provides appears to be modified so that bias-T is
> passed to the LNA out of the box.  Otherwise another means to power an LNA
> may be necessary.  
> 
> 
> 
> As an alternative to the R-Pi, they also support the CHIP computer.  This
> device is not much bigger than a credit card, and ~ ?? thick.  If sourced
> from Outernet, it comes flashed with their rxOS software.  It took me some
> time to appreciate that the CHIP?s wifi RX is a bit deaf.  So, to log onto
> the system with any wifi enable device (such as my iPhone), I had to be
> within a few feet.  
> 
> 
> 
> The CHIP is however fun to play with.  It can also be flashed with a Debian
> based OS and used as stand-alone computer.   It seemed a bit slow (heck,
> what do you expect for a $9 computer) but was serviceable to surf the web,
> email, etc.  That said, flashing back to the rxOS for Outernet
> reception/decoding from the Debian OS is clunky and requires getting under
> the Linux hood in terminal mode.  
> 
> 
> 
> Outernet has a pretty active user forum, with technical support often coming
> from the founder.  For me it was a fun way to do some RX at 1.5 GHz, learn
> some more Linux and play with some interesting hardware.  Now I need to
> build a WX tight radome to allow 24/7 RX.
> 
> 
> 
> Lastly, shout out and thanks to Scott K4KDR and Darren G0HWW for advice and
> encouragement.
> 
> 
> 
> GL,
> 
> 
> 
> Bob N6RFM  FN41iq
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Message: 5
> 
> Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 18:51:52 -0400
> 
> From: Robert Bruninga <bruninga at usna.edu <mailto:bruninga at usna.edu> >
> 
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org <mailto:amsat-bb at amsat.org> 
> 
> Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
> 
> Message-ID: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18 at mail.gmail.com
> <mailto:f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18 at mail.gmail.com> >
> 
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> 
> 
> AMSAT tinkerers?
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
> 
> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
> 
> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
> 
> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
> 
> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
> 
> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
> 
> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
> 
> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Bob, WB4APR
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 07:21:29 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 17:21:29 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <CAJCSnOYXy58xO_yH-cCw2+t6RBQ=kLfQrFXmwisY+cRuTLvV-g@mail.gmail.com>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAJCSnOYXy58xO_yH-cCw2+t6RBQ=kLfQrFXmwisY+cRuTLvV-g@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <606F31BE-1757-4D5C-9660-9091F1CF6DB5@tech-software.net>

Ok not you have got me REALLY interested 

Please tell me about your setup

Andrew 

> On 7 Oct 2016, at 15:28, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> I have a couple of additional pieces of information to pass along on this
> topic as of tonight.
> 
> As many are aware, the Outernet hardware "package" consists of a patch
> antenna, LNA, and unmarked SDR with bias-T enabled.
> 
> Tonight I remembered that some time ago I could not resist buying a couple
> of the second (?) generation metal-case RTL-SDR dongles from rtl-sdr.com.
> I have been using one on my linux computer but the other one was unused.
> Remembering that these rtl-sdr dongles had 5v bias-T as an option, I took
> the unused one apart and soldered the appropriate pins to enable the
> bias-T.  That allowed me to do a comparison with the unmarked SDR that came
> with the other Outernet items.
> 
> Setting Outernet aside for a moment, I did an apples to apples comparison
> of the L-Band AERO signals coming from Inmarsat 4-F3.  The difference in
> signal strength was obvious and substantial.  The rtl-sdr gave me over 10db
> more SNR, so in addition to the 600 & 1200 AERO data streams, I could now
> easily decode the 10k AERO signals where there is a lot more (and more
> interesting) traffic.
> 
> So with that test complete and fairly conclusive, I reconnected everything
> to the Raspberry Pi but with the rtl-sdr dongle this time.  Not
> surprisingly, the L-Band Outernet signal was also greatly improved.  Where
> my SNR figure had been around 3, with the rtl-sdr dongle it was varying
> between 6 & 8.  Please keep in mind that I do not have a clear sky view, so
> take all of these findings with that in mind.
> 
> A few minutes after powering up the Pi and seeing the improved SNR figure,
> content from the satellite started downloading.  As you might expect, the
> rate seemed to be noticeably quicker than before.
> 
> Imagine my surprise to see the first file arrive as a .tgz compressed
> archive that, when extracted, contained some amateur radio content!  Here
> are the first few lines from the file that just arrived:
> 
> ==========================
> OUTERNET>APRS:>OUTERNET file created Fri Oct  7 05:00:19 UTC 2016
> VI50CC>APRS,RS0ISS*,qAR,ZL4JL-6::RS0ISS   :Hello ZL   James G/day Mate
> RS0ISS>CQ,qAS,ZL1KM-H:>ARISS - International Space Station
> K6PKL>CQ,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:=3748.51N/12112.44W-Solar powered, 20 watts
> j-pole {UIV32N}
> KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl tK\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
> PLEASE REPLY  =
> KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl"@K\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
> PLEASE REPLY  =
> KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl"cK\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
> PLEASE REPLY  =
> RS0ISS>CQ,qAS,KK6RKY:>ARISS - International Space Station
> ==========================
> 
> ... and it continued with similar APRS type traffic.
> 
> So, if my finding is any example, if anyone would like to optimize their
> Outernet reception, or for that matter ANY L-band reception, you can do it
> without dedicating one of the expensive SDR's to this function.  The
> metal-case rtl-sdr dongle with bias-T enabled was an excellent step up in
> performance for me.
> 
> -Scott,  K4KDR
> 
> =============
> =============
> 
> On Wed, Oct 5, 2016 at 6:51 PM, Robert Bruninga <bruninga at usna.edu> wrote:
> 
>> AMSAT tinkerers?
>> 
>> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
>> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
>> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
>> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
>> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
>> 
>> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
>> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
>> 
>> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
>> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
>> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
>> 
>> Bob, WB4APR
>> 
>> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From dan at post.com  Fri Oct  7 07:42:53 2016
From: dan at post.com (Daniel Cussen)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 08:42:53 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <1DB77E7D-B8F2-432A-910C-CDB5B95C3AFE@tech-software.net>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
	<A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>
	<910884B5-19EC-4158-AD25-4B9826F34215@tech-software.net>
	<CAJCSnOaQFZeHnmXuC-MO6o5O-XWhF34e5N7Dm1zVvCQ9kONvpQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<1DB77E7D-B8F2-432A-910C-CDB5B95C3AFE@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CAF3DnKg3vqicYfWo2Ws4Bb6Y+3OQ7xD0LCfqZ0fpOxX=G_nwMQ@mail.gmail.com>

> What are the frequencies for the different regions ?

I-4 F3 Americas
Position: 98?W
Coverage: North, South, and Central America, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
Outernet Frequency: 1539.8725 MHz

Alphasat
Position: 25?E
Coverage: Europe, Africa, Middle East, East Asia, Atlantic and Indian
Oceans
Outernet Frequency: 1545.525 MHz

I-4 F1 APAC (Asia-Pacific)
Position: 144.0?E
Coverage: Asia, Australia, Pacific and Indian Oceans
Outernet Frequency: 1545.9525 MHz

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 08:04:16 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 18:04:16 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <CAF3DnKg3vqicYfWo2Ws4Bb6Y+3OQ7xD0LCfqZ0fpOxX=G_nwMQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
	<A98A973647614FDBA746767280DCFB71@CSI9020>
	<910884B5-19EC-4158-AD25-4B9826F34215@tech-software.net>
	<CAJCSnOaQFZeHnmXuC-MO6o5O-XWhF34e5N7Dm1zVvCQ9kONvpQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<1DB77E7D-B8F2-432A-910C-CDB5B95C3AFE@tech-software.net>
	<CAF3DnKg3vqicYfWo2Ws4Bb6Y+3OQ7xD0LCfqZ0fpOxX=G_nwMQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <A4086841-0CD7-4A84-9646-313FFAECEB05@tech-software.net>

Legend 

Andrew

-----------------------------
Sent from my iPhone
Andrew Rich
e vk4tec at tech-software.net
w www.tech-software.net
m 0419 738 223

On 7 Oct. 2016, at 17:42, Daniel Cussen <dan at post.com> wrote:

>> What are the frequencies for the different regions ?
> 
> I-4 F3 Americas
> Position: 98?W
> Coverage: North, South, and Central America, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
> Outernet Frequency: 1539.8725 MHz
> 
> Alphasat
> Position: 25?E
> Coverage: Europe, Africa, Middle East, East Asia, Atlantic and Indian
> Oceans
> Outernet Frequency: 1545.525 MHz
> 
> I-4 F1 APAC (Asia-Pacific)
> Position: 144.0?E
> Coverage: Asia, Australia, Pacific and Indian Oceans
> Outernet Frequency: 1545.9525 MHz
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From nss at mwt.net  Fri Oct  7 14:11:03 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 09:11:03 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
Message-ID: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>

I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years 
on propagation's through this bird. AO-07

I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the 
level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.

Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full of 
stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.

BUT...  that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the air.

BUT....  then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore all 
the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where on 
this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing nothing, 
then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the S meter the 
signal is sooo strong.

And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses from 
one pass vs another should be the same.

Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for the 
whole pass duration.

Very Interesting!

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com

From k9jkm at comcast.net  Fri Oct  7 14:17:10 2016
From: k9jkm at comcast.net (JoAnne Maenpaa)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 14:17:10 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
In-Reply-To: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
References: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <773631578.16072709.1475849830315.JavaMail.zimbra@comcast.net>

This sounds like an excellent experiment for you to try and report your results in an article for the AMSAT Journal!

--
73 de JoAnne K9JKM



----- Original Message -----
From: "Joe" <nss at mwt.net>
To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
Sent: Friday, October 7, 2016 9:11:03 AM
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07

I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years 
on propagation's through this bird. AO-07

I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the 
level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.

Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full of 
stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.

BUT...  that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the air.

BUT....  then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore all 
the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where on 
this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing nothing, 
then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the S meter the 
signal is sooo strong.

And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses from 
one pass vs another should be the same.

Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for the 
whole pass duration.

Very Interesting!

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From nss at mwt.net  Fri Oct  7 14:25:37 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 09:25:37 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
In-Reply-To: <773631578.16072709.1475849830315.JavaMail.zimbra@comcast.net>
References: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
	<773631578.16072709.1475849830315.JavaMail.zimbra@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <c1e4d67b-1492-b926-0162-291527c79580@mwt.net>

I would if I had a decent station. I love stuff like this, trying to 
learn why something is the way it is.

The only thing I can think of is solar weather conditions, Since I 
should have clarified that I'm talking about Mode "A" here only.

Soo wondering if some ionospheric stuff is effecting the down ward path 
signal.

OHHH COOL Idea! What a neat idea for a sat!?

A RBN reciever in orbit! and it downloads what it's hearing and just 
like a regular RBN it also tells signal strengths.  hmmmmm?

Joe WB9SBD
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/7/2016 9:17 AM, JoAnne Maenpaa wrote:
> This sounds like an excellent experiment for you to try and report your results in an article for the AMSAT Journal!
>
> --
> 73 de JoAnne K9JKM
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Joe" <nss at mwt.net>
> To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
> Sent: Friday, October 7, 2016 9:11:03 AM
> Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
>
> I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years
> on propagation's through this bird. AO-07
>
> I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the
> level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.
>
> Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full of
> stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.
>
> BUT...  that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the air.
>
> BUT....  then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore all
> the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where on
> this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing nothing,
> then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the S meter the
> signal is sooo strong.
>
> And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses from
> one pass vs another should be the same.
>
> Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for the
> whole pass duration.
>
> Very Interesting!
>
> Joe WB9SBD


From kayakfishtx at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 14:47:57 2016
From: kayakfishtx at gmail.com (Clayton Coleman)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 09:47:57 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] NPOTA TR20 activation via satellite (Oct 7-8)
Message-ID: <CAPovOwen7OPX9esF5qT7j5Yf2PizBs9aOTWyE+2QC3G_kqaM1Q@mail.gmail.com>

Gabriel, NJ7H, and I will be operating satellites from some portions
of the El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail this
Saturday, October 8. You may hear us on late Friday evening (Oct 7.)
We'll be in EM21, my home grid.

El Camino Real de los Tejas:
https://www.nps.gov/elte/index.htm

Mission Tejas State Park:
http://tpwd.texas.gov/state-parks/mission-tejas

GIS Interactive Trail Viewer:
http://imgis.nps.gov/html/?viewer=nht

73
Clayton
W5PFG

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 15:11:50 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 11:11:50 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <606F31BE-1757-4D5C-9660-9091F1CF6DB5@tech-software.net>
References: <f01b67a22bb2d9715501485f61941d18@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAJCSnOYXy58xO_yH-cCw2+t6RBQ=kLfQrFXmwisY+cRuTLvV-g@mail.gmail.com>
	<606F31BE-1757-4D5C-9660-9091F1CF6DB5@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <479FC4F2C9864E8DB767E1DC4BC4B00D@CSI9020>

>> Please tell me about your setup

The items involved and the order to do the setup are in this earlier post:

http://www.amsat.org/pipermail/amsat-bb/2016-October/060666.html



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----Original Message----- 
From: Andrew Rich
Sent: Friday, October 07, 2016 3:21 AM
To: Scott
Cc: Amsat BB ; Peter Davies
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?

Ok not you have got me REALLY interested

Please tell me about your setup

Andrew

> On 7 Oct 2016, at 15:28, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> I have a couple of additional pieces of information to pass along on this
> topic as of tonight.
>
> As many are aware, the Outernet hardware "package" consists of a patch
> antenna, LNA, and unmarked SDR with bias-T enabled.
>
> Tonight I remembered that some time ago I could not resist buying a couple
> of the second (?) generation metal-case RTL-SDR dongles from rtl-sdr.com.
> I have been using one on my linux computer but the other one was unused.
> Remembering that these rtl-sdr dongles had 5v bias-T as an option, I took
> the unused one apart and soldered the appropriate pins to enable the
> bias-T.  That allowed me to do a comparison with the unmarked SDR that 
> came
> with the other Outernet items.
>
> Setting Outernet aside for a moment, I did an apples to apples comparison
> of the L-Band AERO signals coming from Inmarsat 4-F3.  The difference in
> signal strength was obvious and substantial.  The rtl-sdr gave me over 
> 10db
> more SNR, so in addition to the 600 & 1200 AERO data streams, I could now
> easily decode the 10k AERO signals where there is a lot more (and more
> interesting) traffic.
>
> So with that test complete and fairly conclusive, I reconnected everything
> to the Raspberry Pi but with the rtl-sdr dongle this time.  Not
> surprisingly, the L-Band Outernet signal was also greatly improved.  Where
> my SNR figure had been around 3, with the rtl-sdr dongle it was varying
> between 6 & 8.  Please keep in mind that I do not have a clear sky view, 
> so
> take all of these findings with that in mind.
>
> A few minutes after powering up the Pi and seeing the improved SNR figure,
> content from the satellite started downloading.  As you might expect, the
> rate seemed to be noticeably quicker than before.
>
> Imagine my surprise to see the first file arrive as a .tgz compressed
> archive that, when extracted, contained some amateur radio content!  Here
> are the first few lines from the file that just arrived:
>
> ==========================
> OUTERNET>APRS:>OUTERNET file created Fri Oct  7 05:00:19 UTC 2016
> VI50CC>APRS,RS0ISS*,qAR,ZL4JL-6::RS0ISS   :Hello ZL   James G/day Mate
> RS0ISS>CQ,qAS,ZL1KM-H:>ARISS - International Space Station
> K6PKL>CQ,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:=3748.51N/12112.44W-Solar powered, 20 watts
> j-pole {UIV32N}
> KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl tK\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
> PLEASE REPLY  =
> KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl"@K\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
> PLEASE REPLY  =
> KK6OTJ-7>DE1QYT,RS0ISS*,qAS,KK6RKY:`.BJl"cK\>CQ CQ CQ ALL LIVE OPERATORS
> PLEASE REPLY  =
> RS0ISS>CQ,qAS,KK6RKY:>ARISS - International Space Station
> ==========================
>
> ... and it continued with similar APRS type traffic.
>
> So, if my finding is any example, if anyone would like to optimize their
> Outernet reception, or for that matter ANY L-band reception, you can do it
> without dedicating one of the expensive SDR's to this function.  The
> metal-case rtl-sdr dongle with bias-T enabled was an excellent step up in
> performance for me.
>
> -Scott,  K4KDR
>
> =============
> =============
>
> On Wed, Oct 5, 2016 at 6:51 PM, Robert Bruninga <bruninga at usna.edu> wrote:
>
>> AMSAT tinkerers?
>>
>> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
>> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
>> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you 
>> need
>> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
>> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
>>
>> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
>> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
>>
>> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
>> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
>> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
>>
>> Bob, WB4APR 


From kl7uw at acsalaska.net  Fri Oct  7 15:45:29 2016
From: kl7uw at acsalaska.net (Edward R Cole)
Date: Fri, 07 Oct 2016 07:45:29 -0800
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
Message-ID: <201610071545.u97FjT9X012923@mail40c28.carrierzone.com>

After Bob posted the info and links to Outernet I looked over the 
equipment and the satellite footprints.  Not clear to me if there 
would be any reception at my latitude and longitude (60.688N, 151.331W).

 From years past I recall how few ISS passes came above the southern 
horizon far enough to any chance of contacts (max elev is 11-degrees 
for about 12-min long pass).  And ISS is in Leo orbit so its 
constantly changing.  A geo sat is fixed so you get - what you get 
(if it is too far east or west of me that is "nothing").  Highest 
elev angle for Geo-sat orbit is 21 degrees looking due south.  Trees 
(solid forest) set lower elev limit at about 9-degrees in all directions.

I used a 33-inch offset feed dish on AO-40 so that is available to 
put up with suitable feed.  The 8-dBi patch may have too wide a beam 
pattern for use with such a dish.  I wondered if using a cylindrical 
short cavity with the patch might increase gain and narrow the beam 
adequately?  For 2.4G I used a six turn helical feed (RHCP).

Good info on the rtl-sdr.  I gave one to my step-son which we were 
unable to get good performance on VHF so maybe he would send it back 
to me.  I sent him a used RS HF receiver which is what he 
wanted.  Pretty sure the rtl-sdr is not in use (he was using Mac-OS 
which further complicated and frustrated getting sw running); I have win-XP32.

73, Ed - KL7UW
http://www.kl7uw.com
     "Kits made by KL7UW"
Dubus Mag business:
     dubususa at gmail.com


From bruninga at usna.edu  Fri Oct  7 16:28:24 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 12:28:24 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?
In-Reply-To: <201610071545.u97FjT9X012923@mail40c28.carrierzone.com>
References: <201610071545.u97FjT9X012923@mail40c28.carrierzone.com>
Message-ID: <61682024700469cc466de3c402152545@mail.gmail.com>

The http://aprs.org/outnet.html page now shows the OUTERNET coverage.  It
is virtually worldwide...
Bob
-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Edward R
Cole
Sent: Friday, October 07, 2016 11:45 AM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system?

After Bob posted the info and links to Outernet I looked over the
equipment and the satellite footprints.  Not clear to me if there would be
any reception at my latitude and longitude (60.688N, 151.331W).

 From years past I recall how few ISS passes came above the southern
horizon far enough to any chance of contacts (max elev is 11-degrees for
about 12-min long pass).  And ISS is in Leo orbit so its constantly
changing.  A geo sat is fixed so you get - what you get (if it is too far
east or west of me that is "nothing").  Highest elev angle for Geo-sat
orbit is 21 degrees looking due south.  Trees (solid forest) set lower
elev limit at about 9-degrees in all directions.

I used a 33-inch offset feed dish on AO-40 so that is available to put up
with suitable feed.  The 8-dBi patch may have too wide a beam pattern for
use with such a dish.  I wondered if using a cylindrical short cavity with
the patch might increase gain and narrow the beam adequately?  For 2.4G I
used a six turn helical feed (RHCP).

Good info on the rtl-sdr.  I gave one to my step-son which we were unable
to get good performance on VHF so maybe he would send it back to me.  I
sent him a used RS HF receiver which is what he wanted.  Pretty sure the
rtl-sdr is not in use (he was using Mac-OS which further complicated and
frustrated getting sw running); I have win-XP32.

73, Ed - KL7UW
http://www.kl7uw.com
     "Kits made by KL7UW"
Dubus Mag business:
     dubususa at gmail.com

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to
all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From Mat_62 at charter.net  Fri Oct  7 16:48:05 2016
From: Mat_62 at charter.net (Michael)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 12:48:05 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
Message-ID: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>

Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to sell 
some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube Dongle 
Pro + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube outlet to a 
female F connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which includes 
shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an Amsat 
broadband preamp that has never been used. There is some wear and tear 
on the label to the preamp but it is still clear enough to determine the 
input and output connections. The price on it is $35.00 dollars 
including shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I cannot claim 
these items to be smoke free. There is absolutely no smoking in the 
radio room but there is a smoker elsewhere in the house. I'm sorry but I 
cannot handle any kind of international shipping at this time. PAYPAL 
ONLY. Pictures can be sent if requested but these are two small items 
and I guarantee them to work. If you would like you can check my seller 
feedback on e-bay under w4hij. Stay tuned as their may be more stuff 
coming down the line to be posted for sale. Please contact me off list 
if you are interested.
Thank you and 73,
Michael, W4HIJ



From rogern3rc at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 17:33:24 2016
From: rogern3rc at gmail.com (Roger Cooper)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 10:33:24 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Loss Between Right and Left Circular
Message-ID: <CAKpwybYCtHA8cTnKMHc4f8MB3UqcGJ6XS4gHW35DAkjs5yk-Cg@mail.gmail.com>

About 10 years ago got interested in sat radio and bought a Left Circular
Quadrifilar Helix Antenna which got good review in QST.  Didnt use it and
now retired and trying to get on sat. Evidently most ham sats are right
circular and depending on
what I read. there is a 30db OR 3db loss going from one circular
polarization to another. Which is it?

Thanks  Roger N3RC

From ko6th.greg at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 17:39:55 2016
From: ko6th.greg at gmail.com (Greg D)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 10:39:55 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
In-Reply-To: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
References: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <57F7DDEB.4070108@gmail.com>

Hi Joe,

My recollection is that there were some informal propagation studies
done on the old RS-10/11 and RS-12/13 satellites.  I found a few
references back in the Amsat archives.  See:
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/articles/satgen/idx050.html

Good topic needing an update, even an informal one.

Greg  KO6TH


Joe wrote:
> I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years
> on propagation's through this bird. AO-07
>
> I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the
> level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.
>
> Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full
> of stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.
>
> BUT...  that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the
> air.
>
> BUT....  then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore
> all the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where
> on this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing
> nothing, then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the
> S meter the signal is sooo strong.
>
> And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses
> from one pass vs another should be the same.
>
> Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for
> the whole pass duration.
>
> Very Interesting!
>
> Joe WB9SBD


From pinoleronica at hotmail.com  Fri Oct  7 17:41:07 2016
From: pinoleronica at hotmail.com (=?iso-8859-1?B?UmFmYWVsIFBl8WE=?=)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 13:41:07 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] LVB/Amsat computer interface via USB ===> SatPC32
Message-ID: <BAY182-W71459B2356B29AA53DF217C6C60@phx.gbl>

I have acquired a Yaesu G-5500 rotor / controller along with LVB/Amsat computer interface but for the sake of setup I cannot make it talk to SatPC32.   Manually, azimuth / elevation works just fine using both Yaesu controller and LVB interface....LVB triggers the rotor just as the controller does individually.
I read that SDX is the software to use with Yaesu GS-232a/b and compatible controllers .  So I run the SDX file which comes with the SatPC32 setup file.  This SDX file is in a folder within SatPC32. 
When I turn on the Yaesu controller, the USB connected to LVB gets detected by Windowz 10 and creates a COM8 automatically.  I configured ServerSDX for this COM#. I also configured the SatPC32 Rotor setup and select the Yaesu Rotor (232).   There are no more settings there to change.   ServerSDX is suppose to run upon launching SatPC32.  It is suppose to send data to the LVB so that rotor follows the satellite via program SatPC32.   I do not see this happening.
What am I missing?   Any help is appreciated.

Rafael A Pe?aNN3RP
Washington, DC
 		 	   		  

From ko6th.greg at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 18:00:55 2016
From: ko6th.greg at gmail.com (Greg D)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 11:00:55 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Loss Between Right and Left Circular
In-Reply-To: <CAKpwybYCtHA8cTnKMHc4f8MB3UqcGJ6XS4gHW35DAkjs5yk-Cg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKpwybYCtHA8cTnKMHc4f8MB3UqcGJ6XS4gHW35DAkjs5yk-Cg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <57F7E2D7.50607@gmail.com>

Hi Roger,

Going from left to right, or right to left, with both sides being
circular is in that 30db loss realm.  I recall it being more like 20db,
but once you get in that range, a few db either way kind of doesn't
matter.  In practice it's not quite that bad, since in practice nothing
is perfectly circular, but, yeah, not a recipe for success.

Crossing circular (either handed) with linear is 3db, I believe.  Or was
it 6?  Anyway, not impossibly bad.  Hopefully you also have a preamp at
the antenna, which will offset a lot of this.  If not, I'd invest in
one, regardless of the polarization topic.

I have a pair of switchable beam antennas for satellite work.  My
observation is that most of the newer satellites these days appear to be
linear, and I've noticed that while there appears to be some difference
between right vs left on the ground, crossed with their linear signals,
most of the time it's not fatal.  Either can work for at least part of
the pass.

Bottom line is that you've got a workable antenna.  Try it and see what
you get.

Greg  KO6TH


Roger Cooper wrote:
> About 10 years ago got interested in sat radio and bought a Left Circular
> Quadrifilar Helix Antenna which got good review in QST.  Didnt use it and
> now retired and trying to get on sat. Evidently most ham sats are right
> circular and depending on
> what I read. there is a 30db OR 3db loss going from one circular
> polarization to another. Which is it?
>
> Thanks  Roger N3RC
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From gzook at yahoo.com  Fri Oct  7 18:18:39 2016
From: gzook at yahoo.com (Glen Zook)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 18:18:39 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Loss Between Right and Left Circular
In-Reply-To: <57F7E2D7.50607@gmail.com>
References: <CAKpwybYCtHA8cTnKMHc4f8MB3UqcGJ6XS4gHW35DAkjs5yk-Cg@mail.gmail.com>
	<57F7E2D7.50607@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1754291450.226573.1475864319800@mail.yahoo.com>

Theoretically, going from right hand to left hand circular polarization results in an infinite loss. ?However, in practice, the loss is generally around 20 dB although, in certain circumstances, it can be as high as 30 dB, or more.

It is the same going between vertical polarization and horizontal polarization. ?Theoretically infinite but in practice more like 20 dB.

Going from linear polarization to either left hand or right hand circular polarization results in a 3 dB loss.
?Glen, K9STH?
Website: http://k9sth.net

      From: Greg D <ko6th.greg at gmail.com>
 To: Roger Cooper <rogern3rc at gmail.com> 
Cc: amsat-bb at amsat.org
 Sent: Friday, October 7, 2016 1:00 PM
 Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Loss Between Right and Left Circular
   
Hi Roger,

Going from left to right, or right to left, with both sides being
circular is in that 30db loss realm.? I recall it being more like 20db,
but once you get in that range, a few db either way kind of doesn't
matter.? In practice it's not quite that bad, since in practice nothing
is perfectly circular, but, yeah, not a recipe for success.

Crossing circular (either handed) with linear is 3db, I believe.? Or was
it 6?? Anyway, not impossibly bad.? Hopefully you also have a preamp at
the antenna, which will offset a lot of this.? If not, I'd invest in
one, regardless of the polarization topic.

I have a pair of switchable beam antennas for satellite work.? My
observation is that most of the newer satellites these days appear to be
linear, and I've noticed that while there appears to be some difference
between right vs left on the ground, crossed with their linear signals,
most of the time it's not fatal.? Either can work for at least part of
the pass.

Bottom line is that you've got a workable antenna.? Try it and see what
you get.


   

From w2hro.fn20 at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 18:14:26 2016
From: w2hro.fn20 at gmail.com (Paul Andrews)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 14:14:26 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Loss Between Right and Left Circular
In-Reply-To: <57F7E2D7.50607@gmail.com>
References: <CAKpwybYCtHA8cTnKMHc4f8MB3UqcGJ6XS4gHW35DAkjs5yk-Cg@mail.gmail.com>
	<57F7E2D7.50607@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAOsf+NRDB82hUvsbZ8xN4rmygGChrEOcKeOx69FrLkemTv2_vA@mail.gmail.com>

Roger / Greg,

Greg is correct the CubeSats appear to be mostly linear polarized.
Using a RHCP or LHCP polarized ground antenna will limit your
"satellite tumble" loss to 3db.   I also have x-pol yagis and using CP
on CubeSats makes operation a little easier but you give up a minimum
of 3db on RX and TX   However, satellite operation is not really weak
signal and there is usually plenty of link margin.   I agree, using 2m
and 70cm preamps will greatly enhance your satellite experience.

I have used both switchable linear x-pol yagis and RHCP yagis on
CubeSats and FO-29 / AO-7.   They both work - RHCP (circular) will
minimize the deep signal nulls as the satellite tumbles.  Be careful,
I think FO-29 is a CP satellite so you need to pick the correct uplink
sense.  Linear will be ok FO29.

This is the beauty of the handheld Arrow yagi.   The human brain / ear
combination directs this low gain linear polarized yagi to exactly the
correct polarization everytime without the 3db CP penalty.   The only
problem with the Arrow is that you need to be outside in the rain and
snow for every satellite pass.  :)      BTW - I have seen Arrow yagis
mounted on Az/El rotors but now you lose the polarization correction.

It's ham radio - try everything!

73 - Paul - W2HRO











On Fri, Oct 7, 2016 at 2:00 PM, Greg D <ko6th.greg at gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi Roger,
>
> Going from left to right, or right to left, with both sides being
> circular is in that 30db loss realm.  I recall it being more like 20db,
> but once you get in that range, a few db either way kind of doesn't
> matter.  In practice it's not quite that bad, since in practice nothing
> is perfectly circular, but, yeah, not a recipe for success.
>
> Crossing circular (either handed) with linear is 3db, I believe.  Or was
> it 6?  Anyway, not impossibly bad.  Hopefully you also have a preamp at
> the antenna, which will offset a lot of this.  If not, I'd invest in
> one, regardless of the polarization topic.
>
> I have a pair of switchable beam antennas for satellite work.  My
> observation is that most of the newer satellites these days appear to be
> linear, and I've noticed that while there appears to be some difference
> between right vs left on the ground, crossed with their linear signals,
> most of the time it's not fatal.  Either can work for at least part of
> the pass.
>
> Bottom line is that you've got a workable antenna.  Try it and see what
> you get.
>
> Greg  KO6TH
>
>
> Roger Cooper wrote:
>> About 10 years ago got interested in sat radio and bought a Left Circular
>> Quadrifilar Helix Antenna which got good review in QST.  Didnt use it and
>> now retired and trying to get on sat. Evidently most ham sats are right
>> circular and depending on
>> what I read. there is a 30db OR 3db loss going from one circular
>> polarization to another. Which is it?
>>
>> Thanks  Roger N3RC
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From Mat_62 at charter.net  Fri Oct  7 18:34:57 2016
From: Mat_62 at charter.net (Michael)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 14:34:57 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
Message-ID: <3a6c917d-7442-1b71-acaf-bf4a662cf9d8@charter.net>

On 10/7/2016 12:48 PM, Michael wrote:
Both these items have now been spoken for. If something changes or falls 
through I will let everyone know.
Thanks for your interest,
Michael, W4HIJ


> Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to 
> sell some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube 
> Dongle Pro + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube 
> outlet to a female F connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which 
> includes shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an 
> Amsat broadband preamp that has never been used. There is some wear 
> and tear on the label to the preamp but it is still clear enough to 
> determine the input and output connections. The price on it is $35.00 
> dollars including shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I 
> cannot claim these items to be smoke free. There is absolutely no 
> smoking in the radio room but there is a smoker elsewhere in the 
> house. I'm sorry but I cannot handle any kind of international 
> shipping at this time. PAYPAL ONLY. Pictures can be sent if requested 
> but these are two small items and I guarantee them to work. If you 
> would like you can check my seller feedback on e-bay under w4hij. Stay 
> tuned as their may be more stuff coming down the line to be posted for 
> sale. Please contact me off list if you are interested.
> Thank you and 73,
> Michael, W4HIJ
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb




From Mat_62 at charter.net  Fri Oct  7 19:32:21 2016
From: Mat_62 at charter.net (Michael)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 15:32:21 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <3a6c917d-7442-1b71-acaf-bf4a662cf9d8@charter.net>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<3a6c917d-7442-1b71-acaf-bf4a662cf9d8@charter.net>
Message-ID: <408d4143-de77-531e-ad19-8d1b25ebabba@charter.net>

On 10/7/2016 2:34 PM, Michael wrote:
The items have now officially been sold. Thanks for everyones interest.
Michael


> On 10/7/2016 12:48 PM, Michael wrote:
> Both these items have now been spoken for. If something changes or 
> falls through I will let everyone know.
> Thanks for your interest,
> Michael, W4HIJ
>
>
>> Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to 
>> sell some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube 
>> Dongle Pro + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube 
>> outlet to a female F connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which 
>> includes shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an 
>> Amsat broadband preamp that has never been used. There is some wear 
>> and tear on the label to the preamp but it is still clear enough to 
>> determine the input and output connections. The price on it is $35.00 
>> dollars including shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I 
>> cannot claim these items to be smoke free. There is absolutely no 
>> smoking in the radio room but there is a smoker elsewhere in the 
>> house. I'm sorry but I cannot handle any kind of international 
>> shipping at this time. PAYPAL ONLY. Pictures can be sent if requested 
>> but these are two small items and I guarantee them to work. If you 
>> would like you can check my seller feedback on e-bay under w4hij. 
>> Stay tuned as their may be more stuff coming down the line to be 
>> posted for sale. Please contact me off list if you are interested.
>> Thank you and 73,
>> Michael, W4HIJ
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 21:11:16 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 07:11:16 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
Message-ID: <04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>

Dude

How can I get some money to you ?

Andrew 

Paypal ?

Andrew 

> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 02:48, Michael <Mat_62 at charter.net> wrote:
> 
> Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to sell some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube Dongle Pro + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube outlet to a female F connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which includes shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an Amsat broadband preamp that has never been used. There is some wear and tear on the label to the preamp but it is still clear enough to determine the input and output connections. The price on it is $35.00 dollars including shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I cannot claim these items to be smoke free. There is absolutely no smoking in the radio room but there is a smoker elsewhere in the house. I'm sorry but I cannot handle any kind of international shipping at this time. PAYPAL ONLY. Pictures can be sent if requested but these are two small items and I guarantee them to work. If you would like you can check my seller feedback on e-bay under w4hij. Stay tuned as their may be more stuff coming down the line to be posted for sale. Please contact me off list if you are interested.
> Thank you and 73,
> Michael, W4HIJ
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 21:13:17 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 17:13:17 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>

I guess you missed to post that items were sold.

On 10/7/2016 2:34 PM, Michael wrote:
The items have now officially been sold. Thanks for everyones interest.
Michael

Dave-KB1PVH

Sent from my Galaxy S7

On Oct 7, 2016 5:11 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:

> Dude
>
> How can I get some money to you ?
>
> Andrew
>
> Paypal ?
>
> Andrew
>
> > On 8 Oct. 2016, at 02:48, Michael <Mat_62 at charter.net> wrote:
> >
> > Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to sell
> some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube Dongle Pro
> + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube outlet to a female F
> connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which includes shipping to
> anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an Amsat broadband preamp that
> has never been used. There is some wear and tear on the label to the preamp
> but it is still clear enough to determine the input and output connections.
> The price on it is $35.00 dollars including shipping to anywhere in the
> lower 48 states. I cannot claim these items to be smoke free. There is
> absolutely no smoking in the radio room but there is a smoker elsewhere in
> the house. I'm sorry but I cannot handle any kind of international shipping
> at this time. PAYPAL ONLY. Pictures can be sent if requested but these are
> two small items and I guarantee them to work. If you would like you can
> check my seller feedback o
>  n e-bay under w4hij. Stay tuned as their may be more stuff coming down
> the line to be posted for sale. Please contact me off list if you are
> interested.
> > Thank you and 73,
> > Michael, W4HIJ
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 21:15:19 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 07:15:19 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1D9D118D-05D5-45C1-B68B-D43F1E30E3BE@tech-software.net>

I think u missed the point I want to give this guy some money cause he is hurting 

Paypal is international 

I am in Australia 

Andrew

> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:13, Dave Webb KB1PVH <kb1pvh at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> I guess you missed to post that items were sold.
> 
> On 10/7/2016 2:34 PM, Michael wrote:
> The items have now officially been sold. Thanks for everyones interest.
> Michael
> 
> Dave-KB1PVH
> 
> Sent from my Galaxy S7
> 
> 
> On Oct 7, 2016 5:11 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net <mailto:vk4tec at tech-software.net>> wrote:
> Dude
> 
> How can I get some money to you ?
> 
> Andrew
> 
> Paypal ?
> 
> Andrew
> 
> > On 8 Oct. 2016, at 02:48, Michael <Mat_62 at charter.net <mailto:Mat_62 at charter.net>> wrote:
> >
> > Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to sell some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube Dongle Pro + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube outlet to a female F connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which includes shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an Amsat broadband preamp that has never been used. There is some wear and tear on the label to the preamp but it is still clear enough to determine the input and output connections. The price on it is $35.00 dollars including shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I cannot claim these items to be smoke free. There is absolutely no smoking in the radio room but there is a smoker elsewhere in the house. I'm sorry but I cannot handle any kind of international shipping at this time. PAYPAL ONLY. Pictures can be sent if requested but these are two small items and I guarantee them to work. If you would like you can check my seller feedback o
>  n e-bay under w4hij. Stay tuned as their may be more stuff coming down the line to be posted for sale. Please contact me off list if you are interested.
> > Thank you and 73,
> > Michael, W4HIJ
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb <http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb <http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>


From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 21:20:11 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 17:20:11 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <1D9D118D-05D5-45C1-B68B-D43F1E30E3BE@tech-software.net>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<1D9D118D-05D5-45C1-B68B-D43F1E30E3BE@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9FfKCcKFggr3U7rOqoqVgp0i4Cz-4sb3i6KYOLvzfBZeiA@mail.gmail.com>

Silly me for thinking that you thought it was the deal of a lifetime.

Dave-KB1PVH

Sent from my Galaxy S7

On Oct 7, 2016 5:15 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:

> I think u missed the point I want to give this guy some money cause he is
> hurting
>
> Paypal is international
>
> I am in Australia
>
> Andrew
>
> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:13, Dave Webb KB1PVH <kb1pvh at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> I guess you missed to post that items were sold.
>
> On 10/7/2016 2:34 PM, Michael wrote:
> The items have now officially been sold. Thanks for everyones interest.
> Michael
>
> Dave-KB1PVH
>
> Sent from my Galaxy S7
>
> On Oct 7, 2016 5:11 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:
>
>> Dude
>>
>> How can I get some money to you ?
>>
>> Andrew
>>
>> Paypal ?
>>
>> Andrew
>>
>> > On 8 Oct. 2016, at 02:48, Michael <Mat_62 at charter.net> wrote:
>> >
>> > Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to sell
>> some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube Dongle Pro
>> + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube outlet to a female F
>> connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which includes shipping to
>> anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an Amsat broadband preamp that
>> has never been used. There is some wear and tear on the label to the preamp
>> but it is still clear enough to determine the input and output connections.
>> The price on it is $35.00 dollars including shipping to anywhere in the
>> lower 48 states. I cannot claim these items to be smoke free. There is
>> absolutely no smoking in the radio room but there is a smoker elsewhere in
>> the house. I'm sorry but I cannot handle any kind of international shipping
>> at this time. PAYPAL ONLY. Pictures can be sent if requested but these are
>> two small items and I guarantee them to work. If you would like you can
>> check my seller feedback o
>>  n e-bay under w4hij. Stay tuned as their may be more stuff coming down
>> the line to be posted for sale. Please contact me off list if you are
>> interested.
>> > Thank you and 73,
>> > Michael, W4HIJ
>> >
>> >
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!
>> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>
>

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 21:21:49 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 07:21:49 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <CAEMY9FfKCcKFggr3U7rOqoqVgp0i4Cz-4sb3i6KYOLvzfBZeiA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<1D9D118D-05D5-45C1-B68B-D43F1E30E3BE@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FfKCcKFggr3U7rOqoqVgp0i4Cz-4sb3i6KYOLvzfBZeiA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <11293C94-7F55-4A51-B57C-FCD72568A28E@tech-software.net>

I am sorry your thought process is flawed

Andrew 

> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:20, Dave Webb KB1PVH <kb1pvh at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Silly me for thinking that you thought it was the deal of a lifetime.
> 
> Dave-KB1PVH
> 
> Sent from my Galaxy S7
> 
> 
> On Oct 7, 2016 5:15 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net <mailto:vk4tec at tech-software.net>> wrote:
> I think u missed the point I want to give this guy some money cause he is hurting 
> 
> Paypal is international 
> 
> I am in Australia 
> 
> Andrew
> 
>> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:13, Dave Webb KB1PVH <kb1pvh at gmail.com <mailto:kb1pvh at gmail.com>> wrote:
>> 
>> I guess you missed to post that items were sold.
>> 
>> On 10/7/2016 2:34 PM, Michael wrote:
>> The items have now officially been sold. Thanks for everyones interest.
>> Michael
>> 
>> Dave-KB1PVH
>> 
>> Sent from my Galaxy S7
>> 
>> 
>> On Oct 7, 2016 5:11 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net <mailto:vk4tec at tech-software.net>> wrote:
>> Dude
>> 
>> How can I get some money to you ?
>> 
>> Andrew
>> 
>> Paypal ?
>> 
>> Andrew
>> 
>> > On 8 Oct. 2016, at 02:48, Michael <Mat_62 at charter.net <mailto:Mat_62 at charter.net>> wrote:
>> >
>> > Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to sell some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube Dongle Pro + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube outlet to a female F connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which includes shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an Amsat broadband preamp that has never been used. There is some wear and tear on the label to the preamp but it is still clear enough to determine the input and output connections. The price on it is $35.00 dollars including shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I cannot claim these items to be smoke free. There is absolutely no smoking in the radio room but there is a smoker elsewhere in the house. I'm sorry but I cannot handle any kind of international shipping at this time. PAYPAL ONLY. Pictures can be sent if requested but these are two small items and I guarantee them to work. If you would like you can check my seller feedback o
>>  n e-bay under w4hij. Stay tuned as their may be more stuff coming down the line to be posted for sale. Please contact me off list if you are interested.
>> > Thank you and 73,
>> > Michael, W4HIJ
>> >
>> >
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb <http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb <http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>
> 


From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 21:23:57 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 17:23:57 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <11293C94-7F55-4A51-B57C-FCD72568A28E@tech-software.net>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<1D9D118D-05D5-45C1-B68B-D43F1E30E3BE@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FfKCcKFggr3U7rOqoqVgp0i4Cz-4sb3i6KYOLvzfBZeiA@mail.gmail.com>
	<11293C94-7F55-4A51-B57C-FCD72568A28E@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9Fe4kq4Zx2f7ZxmhQwF3PEe1QfVpp9cJOFkYHWRCJjj90w@mail.gmail.com>

Must be tough being do good.

Dave-KB1PVH

Sent from my Galaxy S7

On Oct 7, 2016 5:21 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:

> I am sorry your thought process is flawed
>
> Andrew
>
> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:20, Dave Webb KB1PVH <kb1pvh at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Silly me for thinking that you thought it was the deal of a lifetime.
>
> Dave-KB1PVH
>
> Sent from my Galaxy S7
>
> On Oct 7, 2016 5:15 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:
>
>> I think u missed the point I want to give this guy some money cause he is
>> hurting
>>
>> Paypal is international
>>
>> I am in Australia
>>
>> Andrew
>>
>> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:13, Dave Webb KB1PVH <kb1pvh at gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>> I guess you missed to post that items were sold.
>>
>> On 10/7/2016 2:34 PM, Michael wrote:
>> The items have now officially been sold. Thanks for everyones interest.
>> Michael
>>
>> Dave-KB1PVH
>>
>> Sent from my Galaxy S7
>>
>> On Oct 7, 2016 5:11 PM, "Andrew Rich" <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:
>>
>>> Dude
>>>
>>> How can I get some money to you ?
>>>
>>> Andrew
>>>
>>> Paypal ?
>>>
>>> Andrew
>>>
>>> > On 8 Oct. 2016, at 02:48, Michael <Mat_62 at charter.net> wrote:
>>> >
>>> > Once again I find myself in the unfortunate situation of having to
>>> sell some ham gear because of hardship in my family. I have a Funcube
>>> Dongle Pro + and a short cable adapter that goes from the Funcube outlet to
>>> a female F connector. Priced to sell quick at 105.00 which includes
>>> shipping to anywhere in the lower 48 states. I also have an Amsat broadband
>>> preamp that has never been used. There is some wear and tear on the label
>>> to the preamp but it is still clear enough to determine the input and
>>> output connections. The price on it is $35.00 dollars including shipping to
>>> anywhere in the lower 48 states. I cannot claim these items to be smoke
>>> free. There is absolutely no smoking in the radio room but there is a
>>> smoker elsewhere in the house. I'm sorry but I cannot handle any kind of
>>> international shipping at this time. PAYPAL ONLY. Pictures can be sent if
>>> requested but these are two small items and I guarantee them to work. If
>>> you would like you can check my seller feedback o
>>>  n e-bay under w4hij. Stay tuned as their may be more stuff coming down
>>> the line to be posted for sale. Please contact me off list if you are
>>> interested.
>>> > Thank you and 73,
>>> > Michael, W4HIJ
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > _______________________________________________
>>> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>>> Opinions expressed
>>> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
>>> of AMSAT-NA.
>>> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>>> program!
>>> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>>> Opinions expressed
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>>> AMSAT-NA.
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>>> program!
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>>
>>
>>
>

From zmetzing at pobox.com  Fri Oct  7 21:28:49 2016
From: zmetzing at pobox.com (Zach Metzinger)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 16:28:49 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <11293C94-7F55-4A51-B57C-FCD72568A28E@tech-software.net>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<1D9D118D-05D5-45C1-B68B-D43F1E30E3BE@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FfKCcKFggr3U7rOqoqVgp0i4Cz-4sb3i6KYOLvzfBZeiA@mail.gmail.com>
	<11293C94-7F55-4A51-B57C-FCD72568A28E@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <50788d42-0768-de9b-874e-f7845c458625@pobox.com>

On 10/07/16 16:21, Andrew Rich wrote:
> I am sorry your thought process is flawed

Could we possibly get back to discussing AMSAT-related things and less 
with the personal insults?

Thanks,

--- Zach
N0ZGO



From bruninga at usna.edu  Fri Oct  7 21:28:58 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 17:28:58 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system? and WSPR back
Message-ID: <4cce11d03ca8cca0daff125f2a504a47@mail.gmail.com>

Another possible APRS Message return path is to use very low power,
reliable WSPR links.



Although WSPR only communicates CALLSIGN and then GRID, and POWER in only
22 bits, we have already exploited simple FIVE DIGIT communications on our
next QIKCOM- satellite (awaiting launch). http://aprs.org/qikcom-2.html



Via QIKCOM-2, any user with only a DTMF Ham Radio HT can communicate into
the global APRS system using even an ICOM-2AT that is 40 years old.  Using
4 digit codes we can communicate:

?        Grid position

?        Any of the 43 ARRL Radiograms

?        Including a 2 digit modifier in some messages with variables

?        Such as #30 which can say any of the 14 Maritime emergency codes

?        And there are still thousands of codes remaining in the 22 bit
space.



See now we are proposing to experiment with a parallel WSPR return path for
this OUTNET Ham Radio OUTERNET experiment.

http://aprs.org/wspr-out.html



So, if you are playing with WSPR in addition to your AMSAT interests, let
me know.



Bob Bruninga, WB4APR



*From:* Robert Bruninga [mailto:bruninga at usna.edu]
*Sent:* Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:52 PM
*Subject:* Global Geo SATCOM system?



AMSAT tinkerers?



OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.



Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.



We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
http://aprs.org/outnet.html



Bob, WB4APR

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 21:30:38 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 07:30:38 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <50788d42-0768-de9b-874e-f7845c458625@pobox.com>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<1D9D118D-05D5-45C1-B68B-D43F1E30E3BE@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FfKCcKFggr3U7rOqoqVgp0i4Cz-4sb3i6KYOLvzfBZeiA@mail.gmail.com>
	<11293C94-7F55-4A51-B57C-FCD72568A28E@tech-software.net>
	<50788d42-0768-de9b-874e-f7845c458625@pobox.com>
Message-ID: <84E34769-DEE9-433F-BF86-71E822C1A05A@tech-software.net>

I agree

What wxsat antenna should I build today ?

Have preamp and need to make up a DC BIAS

137 MHz

Andrew 

> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:28, Zach Metzinger <zmetzing at pobox.com> wrote:
> 
> On 10/07/16 16:21, Andrew Rich wrote:
>> I am sorry your thought process is flawed
> 
> Could we possibly get back to discussing AMSAT-related things and less with the personal insults?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> --- Zach
> N0ZGO
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct  7 21:31:43 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 07:31:43 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system? and WSPR back
In-Reply-To: <4cce11d03ca8cca0daff125f2a504a47@mail.gmail.com>
References: <4cce11d03ca8cca0daff125f2a504a47@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <D7B3E253-ECE5-4EDD-8057-8C841BA28D0B@tech-software.net>

APRS via INMARSAT please

Andrew 

> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:28, Robert Bruninga <bruninga at usna.edu> wrote:
> 
> Another possible APRS Message return path is to use very low power,
> reliable WSPR links.
> 
> 
> 
> Although WSPR only communicates CALLSIGN and then GRID, and POWER in only
> 22 bits, we have already exploited simple FIVE DIGIT communications on our
> next QIKCOM- satellite (awaiting launch). http://aprs.org/qikcom-2.html
> 
> 
> 
> Via QIKCOM-2, any user with only a DTMF Ham Radio HT can communicate into
> the global APRS system using even an ICOM-2AT that is 40 years old.  Using
> 4 digit codes we can communicate:
> 
> ?        Grid position
> 
> ?        Any of the 43 ARRL Radiograms
> 
> ?        Including a 2 digit modifier in some messages with variables
> 
> ?        Such as #30 which can say any of the 14 Maritime emergency codes
> 
> ?        And there are still thousands of codes remaining in the 22 bit
> space.
> 
> 
> 
> See now we are proposing to experiment with a parallel WSPR return path for
> this OUTNET Ham Radio OUTERNET experiment.
> 
> http://aprs.org/wspr-out.html
> 
> 
> 
> So, if you are playing with WSPR in addition to your AMSAT interests, let
> me know.
> 
> 
> 
> Bob Bruninga, WB4APR
> 
> 
> 
> *From:* Robert Bruninga [mailto:bruninga at usna.edu]
> *Sent:* Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:52 PM
> *Subject:* Global Geo SATCOM system?
> 
> 
> 
> AMSAT tinkerers?
> 
> 
> 
> OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
> designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
> six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
> is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
> your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.
> 
> 
> 
> Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
> like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.
> 
> 
> 
> We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
> Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
> http://aprs.org/outnet.html
> 
> 
> 
> Bob, WB4APR
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From martha at amsat.org  Fri Oct  7 21:42:43 2016
From: martha at amsat.org (Martha)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 17:42:43 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Office Closed
Message-ID: <CAPk0USzORbwnspa55-BMmP6VFT=cve=VXjg4Y8-CWgJ9EErjPA@mail.gmail.com>

The AMSAT Office will be closed on Monday, October 10th in observance of
Columbus Day.

-- 
73- Martha

From wa6fwf at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 22:00:01 2016
From: wa6fwf at gmail.com (kevin schuchmann)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 15:00:01 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] F.S. Funcube and Amsat pre amp
In-Reply-To: <84E34769-DEE9-433F-BF86-71E822C1A05A@tech-software.net>
References: <ce1f41cd-6ae5-68a0-b12c-c2863e9b0be3@charter.net>
	<04517CA2-BB1A-4FEE-A340-FE17BBAB10E2@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FcgRUcEtRK1Ye3_CZQ+a7Qa3fGjd6WWycP-28VLv7pA+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<1D9D118D-05D5-45C1-B68B-D43F1E30E3BE@tech-software.net>
	<CAEMY9FfKCcKFggr3U7rOqoqVgp0i4Cz-4sb3i6KYOLvzfBZeiA@mail.gmail.com>
	<11293C94-7F55-4A51-B57C-FCD72568A28E@tech-software.net>
	<50788d42-0768-de9b-874e-f7845c458625@pobox.com>
	<84E34769-DEE9-433F-BF86-71E822C1A05A@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <f4c5ab95-0d05-6bcc-86ea-8b8c031126f2@gmail.com>

I can tell you the one listed here works very well for APT.

http://www.askrlc.co.uk/


Kevin


On 10/7/2016 2:30 PM, Andrew Rich wrote:
> I agree
>
> What wxsat antenna should I build today ?
>
> Have preamp and need to make up a DC BIAS
>
> 137 MHz
>
> Andrew
>
>> On 8 Oct. 2016, at 07:28, Zach Metzinger <zmetzing at pobox.com> wrote:
>>
>> On 10/07/16 16:21, Andrew Rich wrote:
>>> I am sorry your thought process is flawed
>> Could we possibly get back to discussing AMSAT-related things and less with the personal insults?
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> --- Zach
>> N0ZGO
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From k.alexander at rogers.com  Fri Oct  7 22:48:47 2016
From: k.alexander at rogers.com (Ken Alexander)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 18:48:47 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Activating EN92/93
Message-ID: <ff186fae-c34e-58ec-e71d-88279cf4bafe@rogers.com>

Hi All,

I'm going to spend tomorrow afternoon (Saturday October 8th) on the 
EN92/93 line and will be available on the following passes:

  ----------------------------------------------------------
      Day     Objects      AOS (U) LOS Period maxEl   AZ
  ----------------------------------------------------------
  08.10.2016  FO-29        16:19 16:36    17   82  165 - 347
  08.10.2016  AO-07        16:44 16:50    06   08  052 - 005
  08.10.2016  SO-50        17:19 17:29    10   77  210 - 037
  08.10.2016  FO-29        18:07 18:19    12   18  226 - 326
  08.10.2016  AO-07        18:29 18:46    17   32  118 - 350
  08.10.2016  SO-50        19:01 19:09    08   19  270 - 020
  08.10.2016  AO-07        20:21 20:39    18   66  173 - 340

The purpose of the trip is to buy some smoked fish in Port Dover, ON, 
further south in EN92.  I *_may_* be late to the first pass if I have 
trouble finding what I came for.

73,

Ken
VE3HLS


From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 23:07:43 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 18:07:43 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Activating EN03
Message-ID: <CACw2iGLMDfUwcCFwn_Ad8gOWDt12qanAMQqucCi=na0s16SBjw@mail.gmail.com>

Greeting everyone. I will be activating EN03 tomorrow Saturday October 8th.
I will be active on multiple sats but will focus mainly on FO29 and AO7.
You can find me in the top half of the bands. Here is my estimated
schedule...

Saturday

1400 fo-29, ao-73, xw-2a

1500

1600 fo-29, ao-73

1700 so-50, ao-73

1800 fo-29, so-50, ukube-1

1900 fo-29

2000 ao-7, so-50, ukube-1

2100

2200 so-50

2200 ao-7, ao-85,

2300



Sunday

0000 so-50, ao-85, xw-2c

0100 so-50, ao-73, xw-2a

0200 ao-85

0300 so-50, ao-73

0400 ao-85

0500 so-50


I can be contacted at chad at kg0mw.com



Chad KG0MW

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Fri Oct  7 23:21:24 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 19:21:24 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system? and WSPR back
In-Reply-To: <4cce11d03ca8cca0daff125f2a504a47@mail.gmail.com>
References: <4cce11d03ca8cca0daff125f2a504a47@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <EE4E8BE7D7D8434789A5B00B8BEBCA84@CSI9020>

Fascinating write-up as always, Bob.

I promise that my answer for everything isn?t the Raspberry Pi, but on the 
chance that anyone is not aware, TAPR has a daughter-board for the Pi that 
transmits 20-meter WSPR.

https://www.tapr.org/kits_20M-wspr-pi.html

While this unit does not allow for frequency or band adjustment, if an 
alternative APRS WSPR frequency ever comes into being, perhaps a way could 
be found to adjust the TX frequency of the TAPR board.

Like a lot of folks, I can attest to the amazing propagation of WSPR... with 
just a random wire strung across my living room, my signal from the TAPR 
WSPR board was heard across the US and in much of Europe & Australia.  When 
I changed to properly sized dipole outdoors, the reception confirmations 
multiplied x10 or more.

With the Pi being cheap and having low electrical power requirements, I just 
wanted to chime in with a mention of the TAPR board.

-Scott,  K4KDR

==================================================================

-----Original Message----- 
From: Robert Bruninga
Sent: Friday, October 07, 2016 5:28 PM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system? and WSPR back

Another possible APRS Message return path is to use very low power,
reliable WSPR links.

Although WSPR only communicates CALLSIGN and then GRID, and POWER in only
22 bits, we have already exploited simple FIVE DIGIT communications on our
next QIKCOM- satellite (awaiting launch). http://aprs.org/qikcom-2.html

Via QIKCOM-2, any user with only a DTMF Ham Radio HT can communicate into
the global APRS system using even an ICOM-2AT that is 40 years old.  Using
4 digit codes we can communicate:

?        Grid position
?        Any of the 43 ARRL Radiograms
?        Including a 2 digit modifier in some messages with variables
?        Such as #30 which can say any of the 14 Maritime emergency codes
?        And there are still thousands of codes remaining in the 22 bit
space.

See now we are proposing to experiment with a parallel WSPR return path for
this OUTNET Ham Radio OUTERNET experiment.

http://aprs.org/wspr-out.html

So, if you are playing with WSPR in addition to your AMSAT interests, let
me know.

Bob Bruninga, WB4APR
==================================================================

*From:* Robert Bruninga [mailto:bruninga at usna.edu]
*Sent:* Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:52 PM
*Subject:* Global Geo SATCOM system?

AMSAT tinkerers?

OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.

Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.

We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
http://aprs.org/outnet.html

Bob, WB4APR 


From w5rkn at w5rkn.com  Fri Oct  7 23:27:13 2016
From: w5rkn at w5rkn.com (Ronald G. Parsons)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 18:27:13 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Improving intelligibility on FM satellites
Message-ID: <599656A61EB24A5B99EDA08E5438E2FD@Ron8300PC>

I have investigated increasing intelligibility of the FM satellites as received by my Flex-6500. At first I suspected the demodulation by SmartSDR. This was tested by paralleling the downlink transverted signal to the Flex-6500 and to an Icom IC-R8500. 

Tests showed no significant difference between SmartSDR NFM (11 kHz) and R8500 FM (12 kHz) The NFM has better intelligibility than FM (16 kHz) for SmartSDR both uplink and downlink.

However, a significant improvement was obtained by adjusting the RX EQ in SmartSDR to match my speakers and ears.

An easy and cheap fix and it applies to whatever speakers and radios you are using. The link below shows the EQ I am using.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-Jez46MB5RaVXBMeFNBYU5wRWc/view?usp=sharing

Ron W5RKN

From morgan_st at bellsouth.net  Sat Oct  8 01:14:58 2016
From: morgan_st at bellsouth.net (Stewart Todd Morgan)
Date: Fri, 7 Oct 2016 21:14:58 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system? and WSPR back
Message-ID: <ce9ccb17-f55b-d4ac-530b-8b273071d633@bellsouth.net>

Just so folks are aware, some amateur radio balloons have been using 
WSPR in conjunction with APRS in order to track global flights.  For 
example, W7QO has used WSPR transmitters on solar powered floater 
flights at about 13000 meters/40000 ft.  The data are collected using 
the global WSPR network, and then an APRS posit is created to make the 
balloon's position available.

If you look at https://tracker.habhub.org at the present time, you can 
see one W7QO's balloons (the HIRFW-6 flight presently near the 
Mediterranean Sea) that use use this WSPR/APRS combination.  The balloon 
is transmitting WSPR on 20 meters, and you can see it on the WSPR map, 
although the WSPR call changes (I believe it depends on position).  
HIRFW-5 is another such flight that is currently aloft.

Todd
AL0I



From planophore at aei.ca  Sat Oct  8 14:35:29 2016
From: planophore at aei.ca (Graham)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 14:35:29 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system? and WSPR back
In-Reply-To: <ce9ccb17-f55b-d4ac-530b-8b273071d633@bellsouth.net>
References: <ce9ccb17-f55b-d4ac-530b-8b273071d633@bellsouth.net>
Message-ID: <3d6bcb4b-5209-ef24-a94a-3fafbc3236d2@aei.ca>

VE3KCL is another and has been lofting balloons like this for some time.

Currently his S-18 aloft and heading out over the Atlantic, near real 
time tracking here:

http://www.qrp-labs.com/flights/s18.html  callsign is VE3OCL

And he has his S-19 pending, perhaps release tomorrow, near real time 
tracking here:

http://www.qrp-labs.com/flights/s19.html  callsign will be VE3KCL

the unique way that WSPR is used in order to provide telemetry is 
through the use of a so called telemetry frame. These frames have a 
callsign which starts with a 0 (zero) and the third character denotes 
which telemetry channel is being used and is unique to each flight. In 
the case of S18 the telemetry frame will use channel 3 and it's callsign 
will start as 0.3... where the . represent other characters which will 
be decoded to extract additional details. S19 will use telemetry channel 2

SM0ULC David, has written a program to extract the WSPR frames and 
upload tracking information to HabHub, links on on the above noted web pages

more details of the telemetry and previous flights can be found here:

http://www.qrp-labs.com/flights.html


cheers, Graham ve3gtc




On 2016-10-08 01:14, Stewart Todd Morgan wrote:
> Just so folks are aware, some amateur radio balloons have been using 
> WSPR in conjunction with APRS in order to track global flights.  For 
> example, W7QO has used WSPR transmitters on solar powered floater 
> flights at about 13000 meters/40000 ft.  The data are collected using 
> the global WSPR network, and then an APRS posit is created to make the 
> balloon's position available.
>
> If you look at https://tracker.habhub.org at the present time, you can 
> see one W7QO's balloons (the HIRFW-6 flight presently near the 
> Mediterranean Sea) that use use this WSPR/APRS combination.  The 
> balloon is transmitting WSPR on 20 meters, and you can see it on the 
> WSPR map, although the WSPR call changes (I believe it depends on 
> position).  HIRFW-5 is another such flight that is currently aloft.
>
> Todd
> AL0I
>


From morgan_st at bellsouth.net  Sat Oct  8 17:42:55 2016
From: morgan_st at bellsouth.net (Stewart Todd Morgan)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 13:42:55 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system? and WSPR back
Message-ID: <aa6cbe06-afd4-57a9-73fb-2c80811a097c@bellsouth.net>

VK3YT is another operator flying balloons using WSPR, sometimes in 
tandem with other modes like JT9.  Documentation for the PS-xx flights 
is at http://picospace.net/.

Todd
AL0I



From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Sat Oct  8 18:45:06 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 13:45:06 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Activating EN03
In-Reply-To: <CACw2iGLMDfUwcCFwn_Ad8gOWDt12qanAMQqucCi=na0s16SBjw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CACw2iGLMDfUwcCFwn_Ad8gOWDt12qanAMQqucCi=na0s16SBjw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <3E238045-EA98-44A1-94FE-3AB4E2C1AF58@gmail.com>

Been trying fo29 passes with no luck. I can hear the bird just couldn't get my signal through on last pass. Will try again on the last pass for today. 
I will however be on So50 and try ao7 after that.

Chad
KG0MW
En03/p

Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 7, 2016, at 6:07 PM, Chad Phillips <chad.kg0mw at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Greeting everyone. I will be activating EN03 tomorrow Saturday October 8th. I will be active on multiple sats but will focus mainly on FO29 and AO7. You can find me in the top half of the bands. Here is my estimated schedule...
> Saturday
> 
> 1400 fo-29, ao-73, xw-2a
> 
> 1500
> 
> 1600 fo-29, ao-73
> 
> 1700 so-50, ao-73
> 
> 1800 fo-29, so-50, ukube-1
> 
> 1900 fo-29
> 
> 2000 ao-7, so-50, ukube-1
> 
> 2100
> 
> 2200 so-50
> 
> 2200 ao-7, ao-85, 
> 
> 2300
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Sunday
> 
> 0000 so-50, ao-85, xw-2c
> 
> 0100 so-50, ao-73, xw-2a
> 
> 0200 ao-85
> 
> 0300 so-50, ao-73
> 
> 0400 ao-85
> 
> 0500 so-50
> 
> 
> 
> I can be contacted at chad at kg0mw.com
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Chad KG0MW

From kk5do at arrl.net  Sat Oct  8 23:11:11 2016
From: kk5do at arrl.net (Bruce)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 18:11:11 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] AMSAT Online Store
Message-ID: <a3e5c8ed-6f3c-adb5-5309-4c05549c09de@arrl.net>

Looks as if the AMSAT online store has had it's Grand Reopening and is 
awaiting your visit.

For those going on the AMSAT Cruise in November, remember, if you are 
attending the symposium talks you need to also purchase from the online 
store (AMSAT Symposium in left menu) a Symposium Registration. This will 
allow you entrance to the talks and a copy of the symposium proceedings.

73...bruce

-- 

Bruce Paige, KK5DO
                      
AMSAT Director Contests and Awards
AMSAT Board Member 2016-2018
AMSAT Board Alternate 2015-2016
   
ARRL Awards Field Checker (WAS, 5BWAS, VUCC), VE
           
Houston AMSAT Net - Wed 0100z on Echolink - Conference *AMSAT*
Also live streaming MP3 at http://www.amsatnet.com
Podcast at http://www.amsatnet.com/podcast.xml or iTunes
               
Latest satellite news on the ARRL Audio News
http://www.arrl.org

AMSAT on Twitter http://www.twitter.com/amsat


From jim at k6ccc.org  Sat Oct  8 23:11:49 2016
From: jim at k6ccc.org (Jim Walls)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 16:11:49 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
In-Reply-To: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
References: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <dac62f782a5f4e8988e6c29373a4d418@k6ccc.org>

My first guess would be that because AO-7 is functionally running with no 
battery, if one station is running high power, it easily hogs all the power 
available.
  
 Jim
 K6CCC
  
  
  
  
 -------- Original Message --------
> From: "Joe" <nss at mwt.net>
> Sent: Friday, October 7, 2016 7:11 AM
> To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
> Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
>
> I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years
> on propagation's through this bird. AO-07
>
> I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the
> level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.
>
> Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full of
> stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.
>
> BUT... that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the 
air.
>
> BUT.... then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore all
> the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where on
> this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing nothing,
> then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the S meter the
> signal is sooo strong.
>
> And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses from
> one pass vs another should be the same.
>
> Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for the
> whole pass duration.
>
> Very Interesting!
>
> Joe WB9SBD
> --
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From wao at vfr.net  Sun Oct  9 03:58:52 2016
From: wao at vfr.net (Joseph Spier)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 20:58:52 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] ANS-283 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins
Message-ID: <d0459cc8-f24a-0b06-6033-d6ecd0fc1727@vfr.net>

AMSAT NEWS SERVICE
ANS-283
The AMSAT News Service bulletins are a free, weekly news and infor-
mation service of AMSAT North America, The Radio Amateur Satellite
Corporation. ANS publishes news related to Amateur Radio in Space
including reports on the activities of a worldwide group of Amateur
Radio operators who share an active interest in designing, building,
launching and communicating through analog and digital Amateur Radio
satellites.

The news feed on http://www.amsat.org publishes news of Amateur
Radio in Space as soon as our volunteers can post it.

Please send any amateur satellite news or reports to:
ans-editor at amsat.org.

In this edition:

* AMSAT-NA 2016 Space Symposium Keynote Speaker Announced
* RadFxSat Passes Post-Shock Tests
* AMSAT Office Closed October 10th
* 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium at Sea Registration Still Open
* IK1SLD Team Establishes 50 ARISS Telebridge Contacts
* ARISS Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016
* AMSAT Events
* ARISS News
* Satellite Shorts From All Over

SB SAT @ AMSAT $ANS-283.01
ANS-283 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins

AMSAT News Service Bulletin 283.01
 >From AMSAT HQ KENSINGTON, MD.
DATE October 9, 2016
To All RADIO AMATEURS
BID: $ANS-283.01


---------------------------------------------------------------------


AMSAT-NA 2016 Space Symposium Keynote Speaker Announced


Peter Guelzow, DB2OS, President of AMSAT-DL, will be the Keynote Speaker at
AMSAT-NA?s 2016 Space Symposium. This year?s ?Symposium at Sea? takes 
place on
board the CARNIVAL LIBERTY that departs Galveston, TX on Thursday,10 NOV 16.

Peter?s presentation is entitled, ?Amateur Radio beyond Earth Orbit?.

AMSAT-NA President Barry Baines, WD4ASW extended the invitation for Peter to
speak, noting, "When I approached the AMSAT Board of Directors to seek their
input concerning potential banquet speakers, there was unanimous 
agreement that
having Peter as our speaker was a wonderful idea.  As President of AMSAT-DL,
Peter is in a unique position to provide details about the P4-A project
(Es?hail 2) and how it will impact amateur communications from space 
under its
footprint.  The evolution of AMSAT-DL and how Peter sees AMSAT-DL?s moving
forward in the coming years would be of significant interest to our 
attendees.
Peter has also observed the development of other AMSAT organizations in 
Europe,
the Middle East as well as in the Pacific Rim.

In his acceptance of the invitation to speak, Peter said, ?It's indeed 
quite a
while ago since my last visit to the AMSAT-NA Symposium and thus I?m looking
very much forward to seeing all good friends again.?

Peter became President of AMSAT-DL in 2001 after the launch of AMSAT 
OSCAR-40
(P3-D) when he had the role as AMSAT Mission Director Launch Campaign in
Kourou, French Guyana.

An amateur radio operator since 1979, Peter has served in a variety of roles
with AMSAT-DL since 1983. His professional career as an engineer responsible
for production testing of Car Multimedia and Navigation devices for a huge
German automotive supplier has included extensive travel around the world,
allowing him to interact with amateur radio organizations worldwide, 
building
relationships and support for amateur radio in space.

The relationship between AMSAT-NA and AMSAT-DL is a long one, going back to
the 1970s, first with the development of AO-7 and later with the Phase-3
programs through Phase 3-D (AO-40).  The decision by Congress to apply ITAR
(International Traffic and Arms Regulations, managed by the Directorate of
Defense Trade Controls, Dept. of State) to communications satellites forced
AMSAT-NA to withhold technical collaboration on amateur satellites with 
other
international AMSAT organizations. Changes in US law in 2014 now makes it
easier for potential international collaboration involving AMSAT-NA on 
future
amateur satellite projects should an opportunity arise that is of mutual
interest where a launch opportunity is identified.


[ANS thanks 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium Committee for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


RadFxSat Passes Post-Shock Tests


In a late night session Tuesday, the Short Functional Test was performed on
RadFxSat and showed that the CubeSat is functioning well after the shock
testing. The test was streamed live on YouTube and the archive is available
for viewing, at

http://www.YouTube.com/c/n0jy/live

RadFxSat is the first of the four Fox-1 CubeSats built to date to be 
subjected
to shock testing, which was necessary for qualification to fly on the
Delta II ELaNa XIV Mission scheduled to launch March 16, 2017. Being the
first shock test experience we were cautious about what the result may be.
While Fox-1s have previously been subjected to and passed other tests 
such as
vibration testing, each type of environmental test is significantly 
different.

The Short Functional Test, along with the previously reported Aliveness 
Test,
is conducted before each environmental test is performed (shock, vibe,
bakeout) and after the final environmental test is finished in order to
determine that the Fox-1 CubeSat is functioning nominally prior to testing
and is still functioning nominally after each test. Short Functional Test
(SFT) verifies the operation of the IHU, battery, transmitter, receiver,
experiment, telemetry, and command systems through 51 steps of actions,
measurements and observations.

With the successful completion of the SFT the Fox Team performed the
Preflight Procedure.  This procedure places the IHU in the launch state so
that it is configured as it will be during launch, for the next 
environmental
test.

It looks like Hurricane Matthew will cooperate with our plans to travel to
Boston on Sunday, October 9, so the next stop is NTS in Boxborough, MA for
the final environmental testing which includes vibration and bakeout.  Live
streaming of the environmental tests will not be possible due to ITAR and
camera restrictions at the test facility, but streaming of the Short
Functional and Aliveness tests and the preparation of RadFxSat for some of
the testing may be available from the hotel room if the timing is such that
they are performed outside the test facility.

http://www.amsat.org/?p=5597


[ANS thanks Jerry Buxton, N0JY, AMSAT Vice Presdient, Engineering for
the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


AMSAT Office Closed October 10th


The  will be closed on Monday, October 10th in observance of
Columbus Day.


[ANS thanks Martha, AMSAT-NA for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


2016 AMSAT Space Symposium at Sea Registration Still Open


If you are an Individual attending Symposium on board the CARNIVAL LIBERTY
departing Galveston, TX on November 10,  you must register to attend the 
AMSAT
Space Symposium & Annual Meeting through AMSAT.  Cruise arrangements made
through Carnival Cruise Lines does not include the registration fee for the
Symposium itself.

There are three options to register for Symposium:

-Complete and mail  to the AMSAT Office the 2016 Symposium Registration Form
that was sent to all AMSAT members back in July along with the BoD 
ballot along
with payment;

-Call the AMSAT Office (301-822-4376) and speak with AMSAT Office Manager
Martha Saragovitz ; or

-Use the AMSAT Store (store.amsat.org) by selecting the ?2016 AMSAT-NA
Symposium Registration? link found under ?Bestsellers? on the right hand 
side
of the store?s main page.

Registration for the Symposium is $40.00 and includes a copy of the
?Proceedings? that contains papers written for the Symposium as well as
technical documentation that AMSAT is placing in the public domain. The
?Proceedings? will be available to attendees onboard ship.  In addition, the
registration provides a means to confirm the number of individuals in your
party planning to attend the AMSAT Banquet as well as an opportunity to 
reserve
seats for the Field Ops Breakfast.  Both meals are open to anyone wishing to
attend (AMSAT Registration is not necessary) and there is no charge for 
either
event as food is included in your cruise package.  However, by 
indicating how
many individuals will be attending, it helps to ensure that sufficient 
seating
is made available for each activity.

As the AMSAT Office will not be open after Monday, 7 NOV 16 through that 
week,
we ask that your Symposium Registration be received at the AMSAT office by
Friday, 4 NOV 16.


[ANS thanks 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium Committee for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


IK1SLD Team Establishes 50 ARISS Telebridge Contacts


Saturday saw the IK1SLD Team establishing the 50th ARISS Telebridge contact
in 6 years of operation. IK1SLD has now established 45 successful 
Telebridge
contacts and 5 successful Direct/Telebridge contacts.

In addition, IK1SLD has also established 5 successful Direct contacts and
supported 35 Direct contacts as remote back-up ground station.

Congratulation IK1SLD!


[ANS thanks Francesco, IK?WGF for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARISS Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016


The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) Program is
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with 
a crew
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS 
orbits will
  determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large 
numbers
of
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education
plan.

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal
information and documents can be found at

www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.


[ANS thanks ARISS for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


AMSAT Events


Information about AMSAT activities at other important events around
the country.  Examples of these events are radio club meetings where
AMSAT Area Coordinators give presentations, demonstrations of working
amateur satellites, and hamfests with an AMSAT presence (a table with
AMSAT literature and merchandise, sometimes also with presentations,
forums, and/or demonstrations).

*Friday and Saturday, 21-22 October 2016 ? CopaFest 2016, south of
Maricopa AZ

*Saturday, 12 November 2016 ? Oro Valley Amateur Radio Club Hamfest in
Marana AZ

*Saturday, 3 December 2016 ? Superstition Superfest in Mesa AZ

*Saturday, 14 January 2017 ? Thunderbird Hamfest 2017 in Phoenix AZ

*Saturday, 4 February 2017 ? Palm Springs Hamfest in Palm Springs CA

*Friday-Sunday, 10-12 February 2017   Orlando HamCation in Orlando, FL

*Friday and Saturday, 17-18 February 2017 ? Yuma Hamfest in Yuma AZ


[ANS thanks AMSAT-NA for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARISS News


Successful Contacts

*  Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Pasar 1, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, direct via 
9M2RPN
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact was successful:  Thu 2016-10-06 18:24:00 UTC 46 deg.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qE8a9ik9cI8

*  iSPACE, Cincinnati OH, telebridge via IK1SLD
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact was successful:  Sat 2016-10-08 16:15:10 UTC 57 deg.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dV3754OMnjQ

In 2001, iSPACE, a 501(c)(3) organization, incorporated as a STEM (science,
technology, engineering and math) educational resource for schools 
throughout
the Greater Cincinnati region. The iSPACE mission is to make STEM learning
exciting and to promote STEM career awareness, through interactive programs
for students, educators and families in the region.  iSPACE provides
innovative and effective programs, events and learning experiences for 
students
(grades pre-K?12), their educators and their families including field 
trips,
outreach, professional development and other programs that stimulate 
interest
and appreciation for STEM. In 2015, iSPACE programs served a diverse
population of 24,731 youth and 5,791 adults in more than 500 schools.
iSPACE works diligently to collaborate within the regional and their
programs are recognized for their effectiveness throughout the STEM 
community.
Through rigorous alignment to national and state standards and the 
utilization
of best practices, iSPACE continues to develop curriculum for educators and
inquiry?-based educational opportunities for students.  iSPACE has made a
mark in Greater Cincinnati for our high quality programs that measurably 
and
effectively inspire students in science, technology, engineering and
mathematics, increase their content knowledge and introduce them to
STEM careers.


Upcoming Contacts

*  Stephen F. Austin Elementary  School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, 
Texas,
telebridge via VK5ZAI
The ISS  callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya  Onishi KF5LKS
Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46:00 UTC 50  deg

*  University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE, telebridge 
via
VK4KHZ
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact is a go for:  Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg

Watch
http://www.ariss.org/upcoming-contacts.html
for information about upcoming contacts as they are scheduled.


[ANS thanks ARISS, Dave, AA4KN, and Charlie, AJ9N for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------

/EX

In addition to regular membership, AMSAT offers membership in the
President's Club. Members of the President's Club, as sustaining
donors to AMSAT Project Funds, will be eligible to receive addi-
tional benefits. Application forms are available from the AMSAT
Office.

Primary and secondary school students are eligible for membership
at one-half the standard yearly rate. Post-secondary school students
enrolled in at least half time status shall be eligible for the stu-
dent rate for a maximum of 6 post-secondary years in this status.
Contact Martha at the AMSAT Office for additional student membership
information.

73,
This week's ANS Editor,
Joe Spier, K6WAO
k6wao at amsat dot org

From Mvivona at yahoo.com  Sun Oct  9 05:22:29 2016
From: Mvivona at yahoo.com (Mvivona)
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2016 01:22:29 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
In-Reply-To: <dac62f782a5f4e8988e6c29373a4d418@k6ccc.org>
References: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
	<dac62f782a5f4e8988e6c29373a4d418@k6ccc.org>
Message-ID: <58E138E0-CC8E-4268-97F4-470D4B85FD9E@yahoo.com>

I know this has probably been explained before, but help me understand as this has always puzzled me. 

For example purposes I'm going to use 1 watt as the theoretical satellite's output and only one ground station on the input. 

The way I understand is: If AO-7 (or any other SSB repeater) receives a signal, it keys up the transmitter side and passes the audio through. If AO-7 transmitter is let's say a 1 watt, then a full quieting signal on the input should make the output max out at 1 watt. If the input signal is weak and noisy, then the output might only be 1/2 watt. 
Please explain how the repeater's transmitter can put out more than 1 watt (using more power) if the ground station goes well beyond full quieting by uplinking with let's say 500watts. 

Thanks in advance for the explanation. 

Michael KC4ZVA
Sent from my iPad

On Oct 8, 2016, at 7:11 PM, Jim Walls <jim at k6ccc.org> wrote:

My first guess would be that because AO-7 is functionally running with no 
battery, if one station is running high power, it easily hogs all the power 
available.

Jim
K6CCC




-------- Original Message --------
> From: "Joe" <nss at mwt.net>
> Sent: Friday, October 7, 2016 7:11 AM
> To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
> Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
> 
> I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years
> on propagation's through this bird. AO-07
> 
> I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the
> level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.
> 
> Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full of
> stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.
> 
> BUT... that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the 
air.
> 
> BUT.... then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore all
> the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where on
> this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing nothing,
> then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the S meter the
> signal is sooo strong.
> 
> And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses from
> one pass vs another should be the same.
> 
> Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for the
> whole pass duration.
> 
> Very Interesting!
> 
> Joe WB9SBD
> --
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From AJ9N at aol.com  Sun Oct  9 05:26:20 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2016 01:26:20 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-09 05:30
	UTC
Message-ID: <37f145.4105ee4.452b2efc@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-09  05:30 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

iSPACE, Cincinnati OH, telebridge via IK1SLD 
The ISS  callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS 
The scheduled astronaut is Kate  Rubins KG5FYJ 
Contact was successful: Sat 2016-10-08 16:15:10 UTC 57 deg  (***)

Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones  Creek, Texas, 
telebridge via VK5ZAI
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled  to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS 
Contact is a  go for: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46:00 UTC 50 deg

University of Nebraska's  Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE, telebridge via 
VK4KHZ
The ISS callsign is  presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg


Congratulations to IK1SLD for his 50th solo  telebridge contact.  IK1SLD 
has also participated in 5 other jointly  coordinated contacts.  (***)

****************************************************************************
**
Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123 
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-09 05:30 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1087. (***)
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1052.  (***)
Each contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time  slot.
Total number of ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A  complete year by year breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-09 05:30 UTC.  
(***)

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From ko6th.greg at gmail.com  Sun Oct  9 05:30:09 2016
From: ko6th.greg at gmail.com (Greg D)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 22:30:09 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
In-Reply-To: <dac62f782a5f4e8988e6c29373a4d418@k6ccc.org>
References: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
	<dac62f782a5f4e8988e6c29373a4d418@k6ccc.org>
Message-ID: <57F9D5E1.6000403@gmail.com>

This is true for all linear transponders, not unique to AO-07.  It's the
way linear transponders work; the output power is divided among the
signals within the passband.  Once the total transmit power budget is
reached, a station using higher power starts taking power away from the
other stations, thus being a hog.  With linear transponders, the best
way to make your signal louder is to work first on your own receive
capability, not the transmit side.

What is a problem with AO-07, however, is that a strong enough station
can cause the satellite to use more power than the very old solar panels
can provide, and cause the satellite to crash and reset.  Please be
gentle with this old bird.

Greg  KO6TH


Jim Walls wrote:
> My first guess would be that because AO-7 is functionally running with no 
> battery, if one station is running high power, it easily hogs all the power 
> available.
>   
>  Jim
>  K6CCC
>   
>   
>   
>   
>  -------- Original Message --------
>> From: "Joe" <nss at mwt.net>
>> Sent: Friday, October 7, 2016 7:11 AM
>> To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
>> Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
>>
>> I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years
>> on propagation's through this bird. AO-07
>>
>> I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the
>> level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.
>>
>> Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full of
>> stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.
>>
>> BUT... that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the 
> air.
>> BUT.... then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore all
>> the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where on
>> this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing nothing,
>> then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the S meter the
>> signal is sooo strong.
>>
>> And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses from
>> one pass vs another should be the same.
>>
>> Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for the
>> whole pass duration.
>>
>> Very Interesting!
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>> --
>> Sig
>> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
>> Idle Tyme
>> Idle-Tyme.com
>> http://www.idle-tyme.com
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From ko6th.greg at gmail.com  Sun Oct  9 05:49:15 2016
From: ko6th.greg at gmail.com (Greg D)
Date: Sat, 8 Oct 2016 22:49:15 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
In-Reply-To: <58E138E0-CC8E-4268-97F4-470D4B85FD9E@yahoo.com>
References: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
	<dac62f782a5f4e8988e6c29373a4d418@k6ccc.org>
	<58E138E0-CC8E-4268-97F4-470D4B85FD9E@yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <57F9DA5B.2070401@gmail.com>

Hi Michael,

It can't put out more than what it's capable of, and that's the key here. 

First of all, the term "full quieting" signal really only applies to FM
transmission.  But what you are saying is correct, that once the total
of all the uplink signals reaches a point where the corresponding total
downlink is "full", more uplink can't change that total. 

The point about "hogging" the transponder is that if one of the uplink
stations were to increase its power beyond that level, then to maintain
the downlink limit, the other stations get their share of the downlink
reduced.  And with AO-07, if you push it hard enough (not difficult to
do), the satellite will crash and reset.  The indication that the
satellite is running dangerously low on power is when the downlink
starts to sound watery ("FM-ing", they call it).  More uplink power in
this situation will only make things worse.

Greg  KO6TH


Mvivona via AMSAT-BB wrote:
> I know this has probably been explained before, but help me understand as this has always puzzled me. 
>
> For example purposes I'm going to use 1 watt as the theoretical satellite's output and only one ground station on the input. 
>
> The way I understand is: If AO-7 (or any other SSB repeater) receives a signal, it keys up the transmitter side and passes the audio through. If AO-7 transmitter is let's say a 1 watt, then a full quieting signal on the input should make the output max out at 1 watt. If the input signal is weak and noisy, then the output might only be 1/2 watt. 
> Please explain how the repeater's transmitter can put out more than 1 watt (using more power) if the ground station goes well beyond full quieting by uplinking with let's say 500watts. 
>
> Thanks in advance for the explanation. 
>
> Michael KC4ZVA
> Sent from my iPad
>
> On Oct 8, 2016, at 7:11 PM, Jim Walls <jim at k6ccc.org> wrote:
>
> My first guess would be that because AO-7 is functionally running with no 
> battery, if one station is running high power, it easily hogs all the power 
> available.
>
> Jim
> K6CCC
>
>
>
>
> -------- Original Message --------
>> From: "Joe" <nss at mwt.net>
>> Sent: Friday, October 7, 2016 7:11 AM
>> To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
>> Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
>>
>> I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years
>> on propagation's through this bird. AO-07
>>
>> I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the
>> level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.
>>
>> Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full of
>> stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.
>>
>> BUT... that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the 
> air.
>> BUT.... then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore all
>> the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where on
>> this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing nothing,
>> then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the S meter the
>> signal is sooo strong.
>>
>> And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses from
>> one pass vs another should be the same.
>>
>> Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for the
>> whole pass duration.
>>
>> Very Interesting!
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>> --
>> Sig
>> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
>> Idle Tyme
>> Idle-Tyme.com
>> http://www.idle-tyme.com
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From lee.ernstrom at rcwilley.com  Sun Oct  9 12:52:25 2016
From: lee.ernstrom at rcwilley.com (Lee Ernstrom)
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2016 06:52:25 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] C6AQD/MM now QRT
Message-ID: <CAGgvt8jeHWr19f9ULUg7sncJDXN2N57xd2XcX6jbD_9pgK6c-A@mail.gmail.com>

GM sat ops,

I am now home in Utah and have just finished uploading all of my satellite
QSOs to LoTW.  If you use LoTW, and I hope you do, please remember that
even though I signed C6AQD/MM on the air my uploads do not include the /MM.

Many of you were probably wondering why I was a no show on some of juicy
passes I was in.  For instance, on the 0122 to 0145 UTC pass of SO-50 when
I was in FN73 on October 3rd I thought I could operate from my deck, but
then I realized that the pass started on the other side of the ship and
behind me, so on that pass I only worked KB1RVT and KC1EXK.  On the next
pass from 0303 to 0315 UTC, however, I went topside and was able to work
ten stations from FN73.

Since this was a cruise that included my XYL and another couple the
prearranged plans we had made it so that I missed operating from FN63 on
10/05/16 for the 0148 to 0201 UTC pass of SO-50.

I was hoping to work FN51 and thought for sure it was going to happen
because near the top third of the grid we were traveling at only 8 knots
but by the time the sat passed over I noticed we had sped up considerably
to 22 knots and were in FN50.  Not only was that a disappointment for
missing FN51 but my receiver went deaf and on the 1628 to 1640 UTC pass of
SO-50 on 10/06/16 I only worked one station, KB1RVT, and he was very weak.
On the next pass, 1808 to 1821 UTC, we were in FN60 and I heard absolutely
nothing from the sat.  That's when I concluded that I must have an open or
a shorted coax cable.

As a reminder, please upload my call as C6AQD without the /MM.  Also, If
you have already uploaded our QSO and LOTW doesn't show the contact
credited to you then let me know via this email address
lee.ernstrom at rcwilley.com and I will recheck my upload to make sure we
match.

For those of you who don't use LOTW and would like a paper QSL send me an
email and I will get you one.  No need for your card nor SASE, just send an
email request.

I made 50 contacts on this cruise from these grids: FN50, FN52, FN61, FN72,
FN73 and FN84.  I hope I made some of you happy :)

Doc, C6AQD/MM (WA7HQD)

From n4csitwo at bellsouth.net  Sun Oct  9 14:01:55 2016
From: n4csitwo at bellsouth.net (n4csitwo at bellsouth.net)
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2016 10:01:55 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with Stephen F. Austin Elementary
	School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas
Message-ID: <5EE7DDCF9E6140949967AE84773A9638@DHJ>

An International Space Station school contact has been planned with participants at Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas on 10 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately 16:46 UTC. It is recommended that you start listening approximately 10 minutes before this time.The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds. The contact will be a telebridge between NA1SS and VK5ZAI. The contact should be audible over portions of Australia and adjacent areas.  Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.

 

 

Stephen F. Austin is a STEM academy located in Jones Creek, Texas on the Gulf Coast. It serves students in pre-kindergarten through the sixth grade. Its mission is to develop and empower the whole student with the capacity to excel in an ever-changing world. Its teachers believe that all children can learn, given the proper time and resources. Its ultimate goal is to nurture students into productive, prepared and highly functional citizens.

 

 

Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows: 

 

1.  What dream or desire did you have that made you want to be an astronaut?

2.  How long did you have to train before going to the ISS?

3.  Is it more important to be physically or mentally prepared for outer 

    space?

4.  What happens if a crew member needs medical attention not available on 

    the ISS?

5.  What is the most challenging part about staying on the ISS?

6.  What is the most important thing astronauts do to help the Earth?

7.  What happens to your bones when you return to Earth?

8.  What do you find most interesting about space?

9.  What do you do if something, such as a meteorite, hits the ISS?

10.  Does blood rush to your head when you are upside down, and how does it 

     feel?

11.  How does living and working in space affect your life upon returning 

     home?

12.  Do you ever get motion sickness with having less gravity in space?

13.  Do you ever lose power on the ISS, and if so how do you regain it?

14.  What kind of degrees do you have to have to be an astronaut?

15.  How does your body react when you come back to Earth?

16.  How do you shower on the ISS?

17.  What happens if something malfunctions like the tracking system or radio 

     on the ISS?

18.  How does your job from the ISS continue once you return to Earth?

19.  What is the coolest thing you have done in space?

20.  What sensations do you notice when you first return to Earth?

21.  What do you do in your spare time on the ISS?

22.  What experiments do you do on the ISS?

23.  How does NASA or other space agencies send satellites into space?

24.  How many hours does it take for a satellite to orbit the Earth?

25.  What's the longest time you can be in space before it hurts your body 

     too much?

26.  What are the different jobs you can do in space?

27.  What is the point of going to the ISS?

28.  Does the food you eat help your bones stay strong?

29.  How do you collect samples of things in space and bring them back to 

     Earth?

30.  What kind of people make good astronauts?

31.  Are there ever animals on the ISS?

 

 

 

 

PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:

 

      Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS).

 

      To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status

 

 

 

Next planned event(s):

   

    1.  University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,     

        telebridge via VK4KHZ

        The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  NA1SS

        The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ

        Contact is a go for:  Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg

 

 

 

About ARISS: 

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.

 

Thank you & 73,

David - AA4KN

 


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Sun Oct  9 14:06:34 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 2016 00:06:34 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with Stephen F. Austin
	Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas
In-Reply-To: <5EE7DDCF9E6140949967AE84773A9638@DHJ>
References: <5EE7DDCF9E6140949967AE84773A9638@DHJ>
Message-ID: <201EDDD0-B704-4045-A658-80AD9AC38C24@tech-software.net>

I don't know about you but I just don't get a buzz out of this 

Andrew

-----------------------------
Sent from my iPhone
Andrew Rich
e vk4tec at tech-software.net
w www.tech-software.net
m 0419 738 223

> On 10 Oct. 2016, at 00:01, <n4csitwo at bellsouth.net> <n4csitwo at bellsouth.net> wrote:
> 
> An International Space Station school contact has been planned with participants at Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas on 10 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately 16:46 UTC. It is recommended that you start listening approximately 10 minutes before this time.The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds. The contact will be a telebridge between NA1SS and VK5ZAI. The contact should be audible over portions of Australia and adjacent areas.  Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Stephen F. Austin is a STEM academy located in Jones Creek, Texas on the Gulf Coast. It serves students in pre-kindergarten through the sixth grade. Its mission is to develop and empower the whole student with the capacity to excel in an ever-changing world. Its teachers believe that all children can learn, given the proper time and resources. Its ultimate goal is to nurture students into productive, prepared and highly functional citizens.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows: 
> 
> 
> 
> 1.  What dream or desire did you have that made you want to be an astronaut?
> 
> 2.  How long did you have to train before going to the ISS?
> 
> 3.  Is it more important to be physically or mentally prepared for outer 
> 
>    space?
> 
> 4.  What happens if a crew member needs medical attention not available on 
> 
>    the ISS?
> 
> 5.  What is the most challenging part about staying on the ISS?
> 
> 6.  What is the most important thing astronauts do to help the Earth?
> 
> 7.  What happens to your bones when you return to Earth?
> 
> 8.  What do you find most interesting about space?
> 
> 9.  What do you do if something, such as a meteorite, hits the ISS?
> 
> 10.  Does blood rush to your head when you are upside down, and how does it 
> 
>     feel?
> 
> 11.  How does living and working in space affect your life upon returning 
> 
>     home?
> 
> 12.  Do you ever get motion sickness with having less gravity in space?
> 
> 13.  Do you ever lose power on the ISS, and if so how do you regain it?
> 
> 14.  What kind of degrees do you have to have to be an astronaut?
> 
> 15.  How does your body react when you come back to Earth?
> 
> 16.  How do you shower on the ISS?
> 
> 17.  What happens if something malfunctions like the tracking system or radio 
> 
>     on the ISS?
> 
> 18.  How does your job from the ISS continue once you return to Earth?
> 
> 19.  What is the coolest thing you have done in space?
> 
> 20.  What sensations do you notice when you first return to Earth?
> 
> 21.  What do you do in your spare time on the ISS?
> 
> 22.  What experiments do you do on the ISS?
> 
> 23.  How does NASA or other space agencies send satellites into space?
> 
> 24.  How many hours does it take for a satellite to orbit the Earth?
> 
> 25.  What's the longest time you can be in space before it hurts your body 
> 
>     too much?
> 
> 26.  What are the different jobs you can do in space?
> 
> 27.  What is the point of going to the ISS?
> 
> 28.  Does the food you eat help your bones stay strong?
> 
> 29.  How do you collect samples of things in space and bring them back to 
> 
>     Earth?
> 
> 30.  What kind of people make good astronauts?
> 
> 31.  Are there ever animals on the ISS?
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:
> 
> 
> 
>      Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS).
> 
> 
> 
>      To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Next planned event(s):
> 
> 
> 
>    1.  University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,     
> 
>        telebridge via VK4KHZ
> 
>        The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  NA1SS
> 
>        The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
> 
>        Contact is a go for:  Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> About ARISS: 
> 
> Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more
>  information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.
> 
> 
> 
> Thank you & 73,
> 
> David - AA4KN
> 
> 
> 
> 
> ---
> This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
> https://www.avast.com/antivirus
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From n8hm at arrl.net  Sun Oct  9 14:21:36 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2016 10:21:36 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with Stephen F. Austin
 Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas
In-Reply-To: <201EDDD0-B704-4045-A658-80AD9AC38C24@tech-software.net>
References: <5EE7DDCF9E6140949967AE84773A9638@DHJ>
	<201EDDD0-B704-4045-A658-80AD9AC38C24@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOo4A2gb0j703do1-cDwmqbFDNAzYDj+naGZkc5vN7xw7A@mail.gmail.com>

Then you are free to not read these emails.

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Sunday, October 9, 2016, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:

> I don't know about you but I just don't get a buzz out of this
>
> Andrew
>
> -----------------------------
> Sent from my iPhone
> Andrew Rich
> e vk4tec at tech-software.net <javascript:;>
> w www.tech-software.net
> m 0419 738 223
>
> > On 10 Oct. 2016, at 00:01, <n4csitwo at bellsouth.net <javascript:;>> <
> n4csitwo at bellsouth.net <javascript:;>> wrote:
> >
> > An International Space Station school contact has been planned with
> participants at Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones
> Creek, Texas on 10 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately
> 16:46 UTC. It is recommended that you start listening approximately 10
> minutes before this time.The duration of the contact is approximately 9
> minutes and 30 seconds. The contact will be a telebridge between NA1SS and
> VK5ZAI. The contact should be audible over portions of Australia and
> adjacent areas.  Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80
> MHz downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Stephen F. Austin is a STEM academy located in Jones Creek, Texas on the
> Gulf Coast. It serves students in pre-kindergarten through the sixth grade.
> Its mission is to develop and empower the whole student with the capacity
> to excel in an ever-changing world. Its teachers believe that all children
> can learn, given the proper time and resources. Its ultimate goal is to
> nurture students into productive, prepared and highly functional citizens.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows:
> >
> >
> >
> > 1.  What dream or desire did you have that made you want to be an
> astronaut?
> >
> > 2.  How long did you have to train before going to the ISS?
> >
> > 3.  Is it more important to be physically or mentally prepared for outer
> >
> >    space?
> >
> > 4.  What happens if a crew member needs medical attention not available
> on
> >
> >    the ISS?
> >
> > 5.  What is the most challenging part about staying on the ISS?
> >
> > 6.  What is the most important thing astronauts do to help the Earth?
> >
> > 7.  What happens to your bones when you return to Earth?
> >
> > 8.  What do you find most interesting about space?
> >
> > 9.  What do you do if something, such as a meteorite, hits the ISS?
> >
> > 10.  Does blood rush to your head when you are upside down, and how does
> it
> >
> >     feel?
> >
> > 11.  How does living and working in space affect your life upon returning
> >
> >     home?
> >
> > 12.  Do you ever get motion sickness with having less gravity in space?
> >
> > 13.  Do you ever lose power on the ISS, and if so how do you regain it?
> >
> > 14.  What kind of degrees do you have to have to be an astronaut?
> >
> > 15.  How does your body react when you come back to Earth?
> >
> > 16.  How do you shower on the ISS?
> >
> > 17.  What happens if something malfunctions like the tracking system or
> radio
> >
> >     on the ISS?
> >
> > 18.  How does your job from the ISS continue once you return to Earth?
> >
> > 19.  What is the coolest thing you have done in space?
> >
> > 20.  What sensations do you notice when you first return to Earth?
> >
> > 21.  What do you do in your spare time on the ISS?
> >
> > 22.  What experiments do you do on the ISS?
> >
> > 23.  How does NASA or other space agencies send satellites into space?
> >
> > 24.  How many hours does it take for a satellite to orbit the Earth?
> >
> > 25.  What's the longest time you can be in space before it hurts your
> body
> >
> >     too much?
> >
> > 26.  What are the different jobs you can do in space?
> >
> > 27.  What is the point of going to the ISS?
> >
> > 28.  Does the food you eat help your bones stay strong?
> >
> > 29.  How do you collect samples of things in space and bring them back to
> >
> >     Earth?
> >
> > 30.  What kind of people make good astronauts?
> >
> > 31.  Are there ever animals on the ISS?
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:
> >
> >
> >
> >      Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the
> International Space Station (ARISS).
> >
> >
> >
> >      To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Next planned event(s):
> >
> >
> >
> >    1.  University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,
> >
> >        telebridge via VK4KHZ
> >
> >        The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  NA1SS
> >
> >        The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
> >
> >        Contact is a go for:  Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > About ARISS:
> >
> > Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a
> cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space
> agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United
> States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the
> American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of
> Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration
> (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science,
> technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing
> scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS
> and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of
> experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large
> audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio
> contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space,
> space technologies, and amateur radio.  For mo
>  re
> >  information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.
> >
> >
> >
> > Thank you & 73,
> >
> > David - AA4KN
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > ---
> > This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
> > https://www.avast.com/antivirus
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <javascript:;>. AMSAT-NA makes this open
> forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <javascript:;>. AMSAT-NA makes this open
> forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From mccardelm at gmail.com  Sun Oct  9 14:54:59 2016
From: mccardelm at gmail.com (E.Mike McCardel)
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2016 10:54:59 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with Stephen F. Austin
	Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas
In-Reply-To: <201EDDD0-B704-4045-A658-80AD9AC38C24@tech-software.net>
References: <5EE7DDCF9E6140949967AE84773A9638@DHJ>
	<201EDDD0-B704-4045-A658-80AD9AC38C24@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <3101235D-87CF-4F8B-9337-717173EEF9F7@gmail.com>

Andrew,

The ARISS outreach is an inspirational and educational outreach to schools and other educational institutions that is of high interest to many of our members. It not only has a proven track record of stimulating interest in Science. Technology, Engineering, and Math; it also exposes many people to the capabilities and fun of amateur radio. It is one of AMSAT's, ARRL's and NASA's premier outreach/inspirational programs. Many volunteers and volunteer hours go into making each contact. 

Whereas a streaming of a telebridge contact may not float everyone's interests it is of significant interest to so many amateur radio and space enthusiasts to warrant being announced through all of our PR outlets.

EMike

EMike McCardel, AA8EM
Rotating Editor AMSAT News Service
Former AMSAT VP Education Outreach
Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 9, 2016, at 10:06 AM, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:
> 
> I don't know about you but I just don't get a buzz out of this 
> 
> Andrew
> 
> -----------------------------
> Sent from my iPhone
> Andrew Rich
> e vk4tec at tech-software.net
> w www.tech-software.net
> m 0419 738 223
> 
>> On 10 Oct. 2016, at 00:01, <n4csitwo at bellsouth.net> <n4csitwo at bellsouth.net> wrote:
>> 
>> An International Space Station school contact has been planned with participants at Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, Texas on 10 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately 16:46 UTC. It is recommended that you start listening approximately 10 minutes before this time.The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds. The contact will be a telebridge between NA1SS and VK5ZAI. The contact should be audible over portions of Australia and adjacent areas.  Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Stephen F. Austin is a STEM academy located in Jones Creek, Texas on the Gulf Coast. It serves students in pre-kindergarten through the sixth grade. Its mission is to develop and empower the whole student with the capacity to excel in an ever-changing world. Its teachers believe that all children can learn, given the proper time and resources. Its ultimate goal is to nurture students into productive, prepared and highly functional citizens.
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows: 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 1.  What dream or desire did you have that made you want to be an astronaut?
>> 
>> 2.  How long did you have to train before going to the ISS?
>> 
>> 3.  Is it more important to be physically or mentally prepared for outer 
>> 
>>   space?
>> 
>> 4.  What happens if a crew member needs medical attention not available on 
>> 
>>   the ISS?
>> 
>> 5.  What is the most challenging part about staying on the ISS?
>> 
>> 6.  What is the most important thing astronauts do to help the Earth?
>> 
>> 7.  What happens to your bones when you return to Earth?
>> 
>> 8.  What do you find most interesting about space?
>> 
>> 9.  What do you do if something, such as a meteorite, hits the ISS?
>> 
>> 10.  Does blood rush to your head when you are upside down, and how does it 
>> 
>>    feel?
>> 
>> 11.  How does living and working in space affect your life upon returning 
>> 
>>    home?
>> 
>> 12.  Do you ever get motion sickness with having less gravity in space?
>> 
>> 13.  Do you ever lose power on the ISS, and if so how do you regain it?
>> 
>> 14.  What kind of degrees do you have to have to be an astronaut?
>> 
>> 15.  How does your body react when you come back to Earth?
>> 
>> 16.  How do you shower on the ISS?
>> 
>> 17.  What happens if something malfunctions like the tracking system or radio 
>> 
>>    on the ISS?
>> 
>> 18.  How does your job from the ISS continue once you return to Earth?
>> 
>> 19.  What is the coolest thing you have done in space?
>> 
>> 20.  What sensations do you notice when you first return to Earth?
>> 
>> 21.  What do you do in your spare time on the ISS?
>> 
>> 22.  What experiments do you do on the ISS?
>> 
>> 23.  How does NASA or other space agencies send satellites into space?
>> 
>> 24.  How many hours does it take for a satellite to orbit the Earth?
>> 
>> 25.  What's the longest time you can be in space before it hurts your body 
>> 
>>    too much?
>> 
>> 26.  What are the different jobs you can do in space?
>> 
>> 27.  What is the point of going to the ISS?
>> 
>> 28.  Does the food you eat help your bones stay strong?
>> 
>> 29.  How do you collect samples of things in space and bring them back to 
>> 
>>    Earth?
>> 
>> 30.  What kind of people make good astronauts?
>> 
>> 31.  Are there ever animals on the ISS?
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:
>> 
>> 
>> 
>>     Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS).
>> 
>> 
>> 
>>     To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Next planned event(s):
>> 
>> 
>> 
>>   1.  University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,     
>> 
>>       telebridge via VK4KHZ
>> 
>>       The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  NA1SS
>> 
>>       The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
>> 
>>       Contact is a go for:  Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> About ARISS: 
>> 
>> Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For mo
> re
>> information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Thank you & 73,
>> 
>> David - AA4KN
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> ---
>> This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
>> https://www.avast.com/antivirus
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From lee.ernstrom at rcwilley.com  Sun Oct  9 15:29:58 2016
From: lee.ernstrom at rcwilley.com (Lee Ernstrom)
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2016 09:29:58 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] C6AQD LOTW uploads
Message-ID: <CAGgvt8heWUfSs=mUg_qUBdUEda7GtQDK3p_6aFF-hxqmRnJgFw@mail.gmail.com>

Thanks to Matthew, K4FEM, for pointing out to me that he didn't show a
confirmation for our FN52 QSO on October 6, 2016 I was able to discover
that I hadn't uploaded those contacts.  I have now uploaded 12 more from
the time frame of 0213 to 0225 UTC.

Also, thanks to Clayton, K5PFG, for noticing that I missed uploading our
QSO of 10/02/16 when I was in FN61 because I had accidently hit the off
button on my recorder.  I just uploaded that too.

If I missed anything else please let me know.

Doc, C6AQD/MM (WA7HQD)

From Mvivona at yahoo.com  Sun Oct  9 15:41:50 2016
From: Mvivona at yahoo.com (Mvivona)
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2016 11:41:50 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
In-Reply-To: <57F9DA5B.2070401@gmail.com>
References: <97c770b5-0fba-f9f8-2788-31f78acccf78@mwt.net>
	<dac62f782a5f4e8988e6c29373a4d418@k6ccc.org>
	<58E138E0-CC8E-4268-97F4-470D4B85FD9E@yahoo.com>
	<57F9DA5B.2070401@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <E856F7FC-E3D1-4728-8B8A-97AE33E4FBFB@yahoo.com>

Thank you very much for the explanation Greg. 

Michael KC4ZVA
Sent from my iPad

On Oct 9, 2016, at 1:49 AM, Greg D <ko6th.greg at gmail.com> wrote:

Hi Michael,

It can't put out more than what it's capable of, and that's the key here. 

First of all, the term "full quieting" signal really only applies to FM
transmission.  But what you are saying is correct, that once the total
of all the uplink signals reaches a point where the corresponding total
downlink is "full", more uplink can't change that total. 

The point about "hogging" the transponder is that if one of the uplink
stations were to increase its power beyond that level, then to maintain
the downlink limit, the other stations get their share of the downlink
reduced.  And with AO-07, if you push it hard enough (not difficult to
do), the satellite will crash and reset.  The indication that the
satellite is running dangerously low on power is when the downlink
starts to sound watery ("FM-ing", they call it).  More uplink power in
this situation will only make things worse.

Greg  KO6TH


Mvivona via AMSAT-BB wrote:
> I know this has probably been explained before, but help me understand as this has always puzzled me. 
> 
> For example purposes I'm going to use 1 watt as the theoretical satellite's output and only one ground station on the input. 
> 
> The way I understand is: If AO-7 (or any other SSB repeater) receives a signal, it keys up the transmitter side and passes the audio through. If AO-7 transmitter is let's say a 1 watt, then a full quieting signal on the input should make the output max out at 1 watt. If the input signal is weak and noisy, then the output might only be 1/2 watt. 
> Please explain how the repeater's transmitter can put out more than 1 watt (using more power) if the ground station goes well beyond full quieting by uplinking with let's say 500watts. 
> 
> Thanks in advance for the explanation. 
> 
> Michael KC4ZVA
> Sent from my iPad
> 
> On Oct 8, 2016, at 7:11 PM, Jim Walls <jim at k6ccc.org> wrote:
> 
> My first guess would be that because AO-7 is functionally running with no 
> battery, if one station is running high power, it easily hogs all the power 
> available.
> 
> Jim
> K6CCC
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -------- Original Message --------
>> From: "Joe" <nss at mwt.net>
>> Sent: Friday, October 7, 2016 7:11 AM
>> To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
>> Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07
>> 
>> I wonder if anyone has actually done any studies after all these years
>> on propagation's through this bird. AO-07
>> 
>> I find it in the past couple weeks soo interesting on how varied the
>> level of signal strengths can be on very similar passes.
>> 
>> Where one pass, vs another are almost identical, yet one will be full of
>> stations, and the next one all I hear is my own CQ.
>> 
>> BUT... that difference can be all made by just who is actually on the 
> air.
>> BUT.... then take two passes that are almost identical, and ignore all
>> the other people, and pay attention to just your own signal, where on
>> this pass my sig is soo weak that 90% of the time I'm hearing nothing,
>> then next pass that is very similar I am actually moving the S meter the
>> signal is sooo strong.
>> 
>> And in theroy, this is all Line Of Sight communications, the losses from
>> one pass vs another should be the same.
>> 
>> Yes polarity can be an issue, but I cant see it being the reason for the
>> whole pass duration.
>> 
>> Very Interesting!
>> 
>> Joe WB9SBD
>> --
>> Sig
>> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
>> Idle Tyme
>> Idle-Tyme.com
>> http://www.idle-tyme.com
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From g4bbp at aol.com  Mon Oct 10 11:38:09 2016
From: g4bbp at aol.com (Paul)
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 2016 07:38:09 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Rohde & Schwarz FSIQ 7 Service manual ?
Message-ID: <157ae62bf5f-140b-6e5c@webprd-a84.mail.aol.com>

Hi Everyone,


I wonder if someone might be able to help me find a service manual for an FSIQ 7 Spectrum / Signal analyzer.  Mine has and intermittent fault where the LO goes out of lock.  I haven't been able to find a repair / service manual on the net but maybe I haven't looked it the right place.


Any help or guidance gratefully accepted !


Cheers & 73s


Paul


G4BBP





From n8hm at arrl.net  Mon Oct 10 13:38:43 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 2016 09:38:43 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] NPOTA Activation of Potomac Heritage National Scenic
	Trail (TR03)
Message-ID: <CABzOSOpQivExtSE=uyXw40xzxgq7G+bz3nPo_2pPARksesM+sA@mail.gmail.com>

Good morning,

I'm planning a satellite activation of the Potomac Heritage National
Scenic Trail (ARRL NPOTA designation TR03) this afternoon. I'll start
out on FO-29 at 17:58 UTC, around 435.865 MHz +/-, and switch to SO-50
shortly after 18:08 UTC.

73,

Paul, N8HM

From nss at mwt.net  Mon Oct 10 23:04:44 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 2016 18:04:44 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] AO-07 Spinning?
Message-ID: <fd7769ce-f442-8e27-011d-824a54ed093c@mwt.net>

I am assuming AO-07 is rotating. Does anyone now how fast?

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com

From my.callsign at verizon.net  Tue Oct 11 01:41:52 2016
From: my.callsign at verizon.net (KO6TZ Bob)
Date: Mon, 10 Oct 2016 18:41:52 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] NO-84 Voltage
Message-ID: <c03c51a0-47c8-8732-dc18-8f3399193ceb@verizon.net>

With the extended eclipse length, it seems that the battery voltage on 
NO-84 is slowly getting lower.
The APRS digi has been APOFF for several days.
Here is this evening's telemetry from the PSK-31 transmitter.

KO6TZ
Bob

W3ADO-5 beacon B 001 34 33 468 167 +19
W3ADO-5 beacon B 002 31 41 438 158 +19
W3ADO-5 beacon B 003 37 37 459 165 +20
W3ADO-5 beacon B 004 15 48 413 151 +20
W3ADO-5 beacon B 005 21 50 405 149 +20
W3ADO-5 beacon B 006 31 40 448 161 +20
W3ADO-5 beacon B 007 37 34 463 166 +19



From AJ9N at aol.com  Tue Oct 11 05:32:26 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2016 01:32:26 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-11 05:30
	UTC
Message-ID: <478dc8.4fea297f.452dd36a@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-11  05:30 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Stephen F. Austin Elementary School, Brazosport ISD, Jones  Creek, Texas, 
telebridge via VK5ZAI
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled  to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS 
Contact was  successful: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46:00 UTC 50 deg (***)

University of  Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE, telebridge via 
VK4KHZ
The ISS  callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate  Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact is a go for: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg

Howell L. Watkins Middle School, Palm Beach Gardens FL, direct  via W4JKJ
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The  scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS (***)
Contact is a go for: Thu  2016-10-20 15:07:36 UTC 70 deg  (***)

****************************************************************************
**
Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123 
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-11 05:30 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1088. (***)
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1053.  (***)
Each contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time  slot.
Total number of ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A  complete year by year breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-11 05:30 UTC.  
(***)

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From kb2m at arrl.net  Tue Oct 11 14:52:25 2016
From: kb2m at arrl.net (Jeff Griffin)
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2016 10:52:25 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Yaesu 5500 issues
Message-ID: <001801d223cf$14eec340$3ecc49c0$@net>

When I got home last night I noticed an issue with azimuth control with my
G-5500. When the control box is powered up the azimuth display goes to max
scale. And the antenna turned all the way to the stop around 450 degrees.
The elevation control is functioning normally. I of course removing the
connection to the LVBT and tested the box and rotor in standalone mode. I
did a quick check of the wiring out to the rotor and removed the plug all
wiring appears to be ok. Anyone have any ideas on what is causing this
problem? I'm leaving for my winter home tomorrow and if it turns out to be
the control box I will bring it with me to fix otherwise it will have wait
till I get back here for the Christmas holiday. If it's the rotor I will
then have some time to take it down and work on..

 

73 Jeff kb2m


From afeller at ieee.org  Tue Oct 11 17:50:05 2016
From: afeller at ieee.org (Arthur Feller, W4ART)
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2016 13:50:05 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Achieving Science with CubeSats: Thinking Inside the Box
Message-ID: <FCA786C4-9EFD-4AFD-934A-FC32CB9B626A@ieee.org>

Just published by the National Academies of Science.  PDF download version is free.  See: https://www.nap.edu/download/23503 <https://www.nap.edu/download/23503>

73, art?..
W4ART  Arlington VA

To thrive in life, you need three bones:  a wish bone, a back bone, and a funny bone.
						- Reba McEntire

http://afeller.us <http://afeller.us/>





From bruninga at usna.edu  Tue Oct 11 21:33:27 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2016 17:33:27 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Global Geo SATCOM system? (vertical whip antenna?)
Message-ID: <49aa5070f8f136453991efd528155c3a@mail.gmail.com>

A simple ? wave vertical wire whip in the center of a car roof might make a
good APRS Inmarsat

Downlink antenna.  See: http://aprs.org/outnet-whip-ant.html



A ? wave monopole should have over 7 dBi gain above about 30 degrees which
is where the Inmarsat satellite is.  The patch antenna made by the Outernet
Folks could be 9 dBi and also has the advantage of circular polarization
but is critical to build unless one purchases their kit.  But it would be
useful to see if signals were possible from just the 6.0? whip?



And for people in the USA where the satellite is above 45 degrees, then
maybe a 5/4 antenna might pickup another dB or so and still have the
satellite in the main beam.  Be nice to do an EZNEC model..



Bob, WB4aPR



*From:* Robert Bruninga [mailto:bruninga at usna.edu]
*Sent:* Wednesday, October 05, 2016 6:52 PM
*To:* amsat-bb at amsat.org
*Cc:* Robert Bruninga
*Subject:* Global Geo SATCOM system?



AMSAT tinkerers?



OUTERNET is a free worldwide Geostationary Satellite downlink system
designed to bring content to remote areas all over the globe.  They have
six geostationary birds covering the entire globe EVERYWHERE.  All you need
is a small 18? (or 36? in some very remote areas) to receive content via
your own home-made receiver based on a TV dongle and Rasberry Pi.



Is there anyone on AMSAT-bb that is already receiving this content?  We?d
like to hear about how easy it is to set up a receiver.



We have some ideas on how this can be used to augment Ham radio in our
Emergency Response and remote operations missions.  See
http://aprs.org/outnet.html



Bob, WB4APR

From onmontauk at gmail.com  Wed Oct 12 00:40:43 2016
From: onmontauk at gmail.com (Steve A)
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2016 20:40:43 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] update
Message-ID: <CAD33etoV6m_Az0mXamf+B96bHXWf7Amd6Wm7-c7qF84NtUim7w@mail.gmail.com>

 Can we get updated info, When is the NASA tour? when is the ARISS
meetings? trying to finalize plans.


Steve
W2AKK

From wageners at gmail.com  Wed Oct 12 01:40:44 2016
From: wageners at gmail.com (Stefan Wagener)
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2016 20:40:44 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] update
In-Reply-To: <CAD33etoV6m_Az0mXamf+B96bHXWf7Amd6Wm7-c7qF84NtUim7w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAD33etoV6m_Az0mXamf+B96bHXWf7Amd6Wm7-c7qF84NtUim7w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAKu8kHBFcz6MU_a0fSz5LOmADKe-_42mXK_wqXdPCLjMQyOdAw@mail.gmail.com>

Been to AMSAT.ORG website lately?

It is all on there :-)

FYI,

http://www.amsat.org/?p=5370


Stefan, VE4NSA

On Tue, Oct 11, 2016 at 7:40 PM, Steve A <onmontauk at gmail.com> wrote:

>  Can we get updated info, When is the NASA tour? when is the ARISS
> meetings? trying to finalize plans.
>
>
> Steve
> W2AKK
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From dave.w8aas at verizon.net  Wed Oct 12 02:07:39 2016
From: dave.w8aas at verizon.net (Dave Taylor)
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 2016 22:07:39 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] update
In-Reply-To: <CAD33etoV6m_Az0mXamf+B96bHXWf7Amd6Wm7-c7qF84NtUim7w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAD33etoV6m_Az0mXamf+B96bHXWf7Amd6Wm7-c7qF84NtUim7w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <F93C7548-7661-47E3-A7EE-E133F74CE4B5@verizon.net>

The ARISS meeting is Nov 15-18 (Tue to Fri).  We?ll be meeting all day, 8-5.  The tour will be Monday afternoon, Nov 14, but no times have been announced yet.

Dave

> On Oct 11, 2016, at 8:40 PM, Steve A <onmontauk at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Can we get updated info, When is the NASA tour? when is the ARISS
> meetings? trying to finalize plans.
> 
> 
> Steve
> W2AKK
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net  Wed Oct 12 05:53:36 2016
From: amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net (Patrick STODDARD (WD9EWK/VA7EWK))
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 05:53:36 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] WD9EWK road trip to Pacificon, starting Thursday...
Message-ID: <CAN6TEUeeCt2sMgii=xdcm0bGuuXy-fHEh4kVhSRT0nePoM67Jg@mail.gmail.com>

Hi!

I will be at the Pacificon convention in San Ramon CA, east of San
Francisco, this weekend. I plan on leaving Phoenix early Thursday
(13 October) morning, so I can make it to San Ramon in about 12 to
14 hours. The convention runs from Friday (14 October) through
Sunday (16 October), although I don't know at this point how long
I plan on being at the convention on Sunday. More information
about Pacificon is available at:

http://pacificon.org/

After the convention wraps up, I will drive home. I am planning on
stopping somewhere Sunday evening, and finishing the rest of my
drive home by Monday (17 October) afternoon.

I plan on doing demonstrations of satellite operating during the
convention, supporting Alan WA6DNR and his crew who traditionally
have an AMSAT tablet at Pacificon. I don't have a fixed schedule
for the demonstrations, but would look to work FO-29, FM satellites,
and any ISS passes that may come by while the convention is in
session. For now, my plan is to operate using my own WD9EWK call,
but there is a chance I could use W1AW/6 which will be on the air
from Pacificon.

As for operating on my drives between Phoenix and the Bay Area, I
am not going to work with a fixed schedule for passes and grids I
will plan on operating. Thursday, in particular, is going to be
focused on making the long drive in one day, so I might not make
many stops. I will have my AmsatDroid Free app and a printout of
passes starting on Thursday, and might be able to get on the air if
there is a safe place to pull off the highway or freeway to do so.
I will use either my TH-D72A or TH-D74A to run APRS as I drive,
with WD9EWK-9 as my APRS call sign. This should appear on various
web sites like http://aprs.fi/WD9EWK-9 once I am on the road. I
should have a fair bit of flexibility in how I make the drive home
on Sunday and Monday, which could involve visiting some rarely
heard grids and/or NPOTA sites.

I will upload my logs as WD9EWK to Logbook of the World. If you
would like to receive a QSL card for a contact with WD9EWK during
this trip, please e-mail me directly with the QSO details. There's
no need to first send me a card and/or SASE to get my card. If I am
able to use W1AW/6 at Pacificon, ARRL will take care of the QSLing
and LOTW uploadfor that call sign.

I will use my @WD9EWK Twitter feed to post updates while on the
road and at Pacificon. Pictures, too. If you don't have a Twitter
account, you can still see what I tweet. Point a web browser to
http://twitter.com/WD9EWK to see my tweets.

73!





Patrick WD9EWK/VA7EWK
http://www.wd9ewk.net/
Twitter: @WD9EWK

From daniel at destevez.net  Wed Oct 12 09:28:11 2016
From: daniel at destevez.net (Dani EA4GPZ)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 11:28:11 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Possible Outernet GPL violation
Message-ID: <201c89a5-f841-0727-e6a6-8d2781a5d7dc@destevez.net>

Hi all,

As some of you may know, I'm trying to build a GNUradio receiver for
Outernet, partly by reverse engineering their binary-only code.

While examining this code, I've noted that this code is using librtlsdr
and libmirisdr, which are licenced under the GPLv2 or later (and not
LGPL). It is my understanding that this forces the binary-only code to
be released under a GPL-compatible licence.

More info:
http://pastebin.com/ENCYejn8

Can someone with legal experience tell whether am I right in my
interpretation of the licences?

Also, does anyone have the contact information for Outernet? I tried to
contact the user "foxbunny" in Github, who is the main contributor to
the Github repos of Outernet. However, he no longer works at Outernet.

I know that some of you are having fun with the Outernet receiver, and I
don't want to discourage anyone from doing so. However, I think that it
is in agreement with the Ham Radio spirit to be able to learn how the
technology works. Currently, the key software pieces of the Outernet
receiver are closed-source.

Recently, only after some nontrivial reverse engineering effort I could
figure out the scrambler they use. It turns out it's a scrambler
algorithm I hadn't heard about before, so there I learnt something:
https://twitter.com/ea4gpz/status/785586536225976320

Also, I think that in particular librtlsdr (the code that makes RTL-SDR
receivers work) has given hams uncountable hours of enjoyment with these
low cost SDR receivers. Therefore, we should support the fact that this
software is GPL and try to protect it from anyone who wishes to abuse
its licence.

I think that the Outernet project would benefit from releasing all their
software under a free software (open source) licence, and I told that to
Thane Richard from Outernet when he first announce the project on
amsat-bb almost a year ago.

73,

Dani EA4GPZ.

From jay.aa4fl at gmail.com  Wed Oct 12 10:20:28 2016
From: jay.aa4fl at gmail.com (Jay Garlitz)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 06:20:28 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] VP5/AA4FL
Message-ID: <CAPLjiQLr21rguMbsjBaDkusMn+u41P=H3CpVjRHzASTOYhuQcQ@mail.gmail.com>

Getting ready to leave for VP5 this weekend.  Will be operating from
Middle Caicos in grid FL41cu as VP5/AA4FL.  Most likely days for OSCAR
satellites will be Oct. 20-28, but will try for a day or two earlier.

I am using a FT-817 and Arrow antenna. Primary SAT will be FO-29 (up 145.93
MHz).  I will call CQ using SSB, and listen for replies. Call me as I am
not operating duplex and will need to tune around to find you.  I will be
on for common footprint passes with Europe and South America and try on
AO-7 Mode B (up 432.50 MHz) when possible.

USA contacts will also include some SO-50 time. May also get on AO-73 and
XW birds at times but we have work to do getting the VP5DX station ready
for CQWW SSB Oct. 29-30. Plans are to upload LOTW while there, if we get
Internet access.

Check my QRZ page for updates and additional info.  Thanks to Drew KO4MA,
Frank K4FEG, George MI6GTY, for helping me prepare.  I also appreciate
those who had recent QSO's with me while I was testing the equipment and
gaining portable SAT operation experience.

73 and hope to get you in the log!

Jay AA4FL

From pinoleronica at hotmail.com  Wed Oct 12 10:52:17 2016
From: pinoleronica at hotmail.com (Rafael Pe?a)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 10:52:17 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Lotw Login Qs via TQSL
Message-ID: <DM5PR03MB3051B02C46DE3E6D8812A492C6DD0@DM5PR03MB3051.namprd03.prod.outlook.com>

Finally, I finished setting up my Leo-Pack and antenna is on top of F12 at
roof top.   I learned a few tricks when setting up the antenna.   The rotor
G-5500 is all working as expected.

Yesterday, I tried my first wack at satellites....I tried the XW## and
worked two stations.  I am using tqsl to login the Qs....I entered pertinent
information about the qso but when I select Propagation Mode = Satellite and
then want select the Satellite name, I cannot see any of the XW sats and who
knows how many more. 

I can see the list when I log on to the lotw service portal.   The issue is
at the software tqsl..   There must be a way to modify that list, I think.


Any assistance is appreciated es hope to work you at some point from FM18LW
(DC)

Rafael / NN3RP

From n8hm at arrl.net  Wed Oct 12 11:07:40 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 07:07:40 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Lotw Login Qs via TQSL
In-Reply-To: <DM5PR03MB3051B02C46DE3E6D8812A492C6DD0@DM5PR03MB3051.namprd03.prod.outlook.com>
References: <DM5PR03MB3051B02C46DE3E6D8812A492C6DD0@DM5PR03MB3051.namprd03.prod.outlook.com>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOoefE3dSc_E6VD_X2Ni+8312CWPc0pyymSx_UvGLQWjVw@mail.gmail.com>

Rafael,

Good job with the QSOs! Hope to catch you soon so I can finally say I've
worked DC on satellite!

In tQSL, the XW-2 satellites are listed as "Hope 2A," "Hope 2C," etc.
"Hope" is the English translation of the Chinese designation for amateur
satellites "Xiwang," which is where the XW abbreviation comes from.

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Wednesday, October 12, 2016, Rafael Pe?a <pinoleronica at hotmail.com>
wrote:

> Finally, I finished setting up my Leo-Pack and antenna is on top of F12 at
> roof top.   I learned a few tricks when setting up the antenna.   The rotor
> G-5500 is all working as expected.
>
> Yesterday, I tried my first wack at satellites....I tried the XW## and
> worked two stations.  I am using tqsl to login the Qs....I entered
> pertinent
> information about the qso but when I select Propagation Mode = Satellite
> and
> then want select the Satellite name, I cannot see any of the XW sats and
> who
> knows how many more.
>
> I can see the list when I log on to the lotw service portal.   The issue is
> at the software tqsl..   There must be a way to modify that list, I think.
>
>
> Any assistance is appreciated es hope to work you at some point from FM18LW
> (DC)
>
> Rafael / NN3RP
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <javascript:;>. AMSAT-NA makes this open
> forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From rwmcgwier at gmail.com  Wed Oct 12 17:22:46 2016
From: rwmcgwier at gmail.com (Robert McGwier)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 13:22:46 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] DIY Projects
In-Reply-To: <9ADBB5E4-274E-4485-945C-61149CC38CB4@tech-software.net>
References: <MWHPR11MB19520D5BDCC78E4B18A66798D0CC0@MWHPR11MB1952.namprd11.prod.outlook.com>
	<9ADBB5E4-274E-4485-945C-61149CC38CB4@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CA+K5gze8NHDL1e1DCsLXja31bAkXSfxqXuDZq0cXRTZ9X4hF1A@mail.gmail.com>

https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=AZ+EL+DIY+rotators

On Tue, Sep 27, 2016 at 2:23 PM, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net>
wrote:

> Jerry
>
> I once used a reduction gear box set from the local electronics store
>
> The drive went to a threaded rod
>
> It was a tim system - very rough
>
> Andrew
>
>
> ------------------------------------------
> Andrew Rich VK4TEC
> w www.tech-software.net
> e vk4tec at tech-software.net
> m +61 (4) 19 738 223
> m 0419738223
>
>
>
>
>
>
> > On 28 Sep 2016, at 2:49 AM, Gerald Payton <gp_ab5r at outlook.com> wrote:
> >
> > This may be OLD stuff to many of you experienced ops., but new to me.  I
> was wondering if there had been any individual DIY projects in the past for
> building an AZ/EL or Pan/Tilt using robotics?  Of course, for our purposes
> weight and wind load would be a factor.  I am not interested in "toy size",
> as many of the Arduino projects are.
> >
> >
> > If anyone knows of a site or PDF, please send it to me; either here or
> to my personal email:
> >
> > gp_ab5r at outlook.com.  I am also good via ARRL and AMSAT using AB5R at xxxx
> >
> >
> > Thanks,
> >
> > Jerry
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>



-- 
Bob McGwier
Founder, Federated Wireless, Inc
Founder and Technical Advisor, HawkEye 360, Inc
Research Professor Virginia Tech
Chief Scientist:  The Ted and Karyn Hume Center for National Security and
Technology
Senior Member IEEE, Facebook: N4HYBob, ARS: N4HY
Faculty Advisor Virginia Tech Amateur Radio Assn. (K4KDJ)
Director of AMSAT and member of PVRC, TAPR, and life member of ARRL and
AMSAT

From josepharmbruster at gmail.com  Wed Oct 12 18:18:33 2016
From: josepharmbruster at gmail.com (Joseph Armbruster)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 14:18:33 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Possible Outernet GPL violation
In-Reply-To: <201c89a5-f841-0727-e6a6-8d2781a5d7dc@destevez.net>
References: <201c89a5-f841-0727-e6a6-8d2781a5d7dc@destevez.net>
Message-ID: <CADkz4c9FFC4rbG5h83yUV8rC7ugHJUndAFgxj9sS_ZBT=Y-BPA@mail.gmail.com>

Dani,

I'm not familiar with this code base or software specifically, but I
am curious, how did you determine it was linked?  Did you use a
platform tool, such as ldd or dumpbin or did you just grep the
baseline for 'librtlsdr" and it popped up?  There's a difference
between finding text in a baseline vs a lib being statically or
dynamically linked into it, which is why I ask.  I will assume you are
correct and it is being used, one way or another.

Because you received a copy of a derivative work containing software
that has GPL applied to it, then you are entitled to the source code
of the derivative work.  It should have also come with a copy of the
GPL, but if not, bygons.

Developers Are human and make mistakes, it would be interesting to
hear from the authors to determine what the story is.  If the
libraries that you referred to are not being used and could be
stripped out, that could eliminate the issue down the road or they
could just release the whole thing under GPL moving forward and be
done with it.

I'm interested in following this :-)

Joseph Armbruster

On Wed, Oct 12, 2016 at 5:28 AM, Dani EA4GPZ <daniel at destevez.net> wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> As some of you may know, I'm trying to build a GNUradio receiver for
> Outernet, partly by reverse engineering their binary-only code.
>
> While examining this code, I've noted that this code is using librtlsdr
> and libmirisdr, which are licenced under the GPLv2 or later (and not
> LGPL). It is my understanding that this forces the binary-only code to
> be released under a GPL-compatible licence.
>
> More info:
> http://pastebin.com/ENCYejn8
>
> Can someone with legal experience tell whether am I right in my
> interpretation of the licences?
>
> Also, does anyone have the contact information for Outernet? I tried to
> contact the user "foxbunny" in Github, who is the main contributor to
> the Github repos of Outernet. However, he no longer works at Outernet.
>
> I know that some of you are having fun with the Outernet receiver, and I
> don't want to discourage anyone from doing so. However, I think that it
> is in agreement with the Ham Radio spirit to be able to learn how the
> technology works. Currently, the key software pieces of the Outernet
> receiver are closed-source.
>
> Recently, only after some nontrivial reverse engineering effort I could
> figure out the scrambler they use. It turns out it's a scrambler
> algorithm I hadn't heard about before, so there I learnt something:
> https://twitter.com/ea4gpz/status/785586536225976320
>
> Also, I think that in particular librtlsdr (the code that makes RTL-SDR
> receivers work) has given hams uncountable hours of enjoyment with these
> low cost SDR receivers. Therefore, we should support the fact that this
> software is GPL and try to protect it from anyone who wishes to abuse
> its licence.
>
> I think that the Outernet project would benefit from releasing all their
> software under a free software (open source) licence, and I told that to
> Thane Richard from Outernet when he first announce the project on
> amsat-bb almost a year ago.
>
> 73,
>
> Dani EA4GPZ.
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From daniel at destevez.net  Wed Oct 12 20:09:28 2016
From: daniel at destevez.net (=?UTF-8?Q?Daniel_Est=c3=a9vez?=)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 22:09:28 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Possible Outernet GPL violation
In-Reply-To: <CADkz4c9FFC4rbG5h83yUV8rC7ugHJUndAFgxj9sS_ZBT=Y-BPA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <201c89a5-f841-0727-e6a6-8d2781a5d7dc@destevez.net>
	<CADkz4c9FFC4rbG5h83yUV8rC7ugHJUndAFgxj9sS_ZBT=Y-BPA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <ed136b80-733a-bb32-0ccd-33b4848fb8f1@destevez.net>

El 12/10/16 a las 20:18, Joseph Armbruster escribi?:
> Dani,
> 
> I'm not familiar with this code base or software specifically, but I
> am curious, how did you determine it was linked?  Did you use a
> platform tool, such as ldd or dumpbin or did you just grep the
> baseline for 'librtlsdr" and it popped up?  There's a difference
> between finding text in a baseline vs a lib being statically or
> dynamically linked into it, which is why I ask.  I will assume you are
> correct and it is being used, one way or another.

Hi Joseph,

I used ldd:

/outernet-linux-lband/bin $ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=../sdr.d/starsdr-rtlsdr/ ldd
sdr100-1.0.4
./sdr100-1.0.4: /lib64/libtinfo.so.5: no version information available
(required by ./sdr100-1.0.4)
./sdr100-1.0.4: /lib64/libncurses.so.5: no version information available
(required by ./sdr100-1.0.4)
	linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff14d70000)
	libncurses.so.5 => /lib64/libncurses.so.5 (0x00007f65e9c4c000)
	libtinfo.so.5 => /lib64/libtinfo.so.5 (0x00007f65e9a16000)
	libstarsdr.so => ../sdr.d/starsdr-rtlsdr/libstarsdr.so (0x00007f65e9812000)
	libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f65e951b000)
	libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f65e92ff000)
	libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f65e8f63000)
	libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f65e8d5f000)
	librtlsdr.so => ../sdr.d/starsdr-rtlsdr/librtlsdr.so (0x00007f65e8b4d000)
	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f65e9e71000)
	libusb-1.0.so.0 => /lib64/libusb-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f65e8935000)
	libudev.so.1 => /lib64/libudev.so.1 (0x00007f65e870f000)

As you can see, a binary .so file is for librtlsdr is included with
their linux L-band receiver software. A binary .so file for libmirisdr
is also included. Essentially, you select which one gets loaded by
setting your LD_LIBRARY_PATH. However, one of these two libraries (you
choose which depending on your SDR hardware) is needed to make the
software run. Without these two libraries, the software will refuse to
start with the usual "error while loading shared libraries".

> Because you received a copy of a derivative work containing software
> that has GPL applied to it, then you are entitled to the source code
> of the derivative work.  It should have also come with a copy of the
> GPL, but if not, bygons.

Outernet clearly states that sdr100 is covered under a closed-source
licence only:

https://github.com/Outernet-Project/outernet-linux-lband/blob/master/SDR100_LICENSE.txt

They provide no source for sdr100. I believe this to be a violation of
the GPL, as sdr100 should be released under a GPL-compatible licence, as
it is a derivative work of librtlsdr and/or libmirisdr.

A fine detail is that the closed-source sdr100 binary doesn't link
librtlsdr "directly". It links it through some wrapper called libstarsdr
that Outernet have written to support both RTL-SDR and MIRI-SDR in their
software. libstarsdr is LGPLv3.

I managed to contact user "foxbunny" on Github. He is the main committer
in the Outernet repositories. He doesn't work at Outernet any longer,
but he told me that their lawyer said that what they're doing is legal
because sdr100 doesn't link to librtlsdr or libmirisdr directly, but
only through libstarsdr, which is LGPL.

I don't believe this sort of trick can work legally, because it's
trivial to write an LGPL wrapper for any GPL library you want to link.
If these sort of tricks worked, anyone could link a GPL from
closed-source software just by writing an LGPL wrapper.

He also told me that since the same sdr100 binary can work with
libstarsdr compiled against libmirisdr or librtlsdr, then it satisfies
the clause "can work without". I think this is another trick that
doesn't work, because clearly sdr100 needs at least one of libmirisdr or
librtlsdr just to load and start running.

In any case, I think that only the copyright holders of libmirisdr and
librtlsdr would be able to bring this matter to court. It's a case of
Outernet breaking the terms of the GPL in libmirisdr and librtlsdr by
not distributing sdr100 as GPL software. It's not a case of Outernet
distributing sdr100 as GPL to me and then not following the terms and
refusing to give me a copy of the code. In this latter case I (or anyone
that gets a copy of sdr100) could bring the matter to court.

> Developers Are human and make mistakes, it would be interesting to
> hear from the authors to determine what the story is.  If the
> libraries that you referred to are not being used and could be
> stripped out, that could eliminate the issue down the road or they
> could just release the whole thing under GPL moving forward and be
> done with it.

Almost a year ago I contacted Thane Richard when he made some publicity
of the Outernet project in amsat-bb. I told him that I didn't understand
why the key pieces of their decoder where closed source, and that I
thought that making the project fully open source would better serve
their goal of easing worldwide accessibility to internet content. Thane
told me that for strategic reasons they feel it's better to release
those parts as freeware rather than open source.

At that time, the only closed source part was the ONDD daemon, since
Outernet used Ku-band instead of L-band and the demodulation was
performed on a DVB-S2 hardware receiver. The modulation was standard
DVB-S2, and so the details where known. Only the format of the data
stream in the DVB-S2 multiplex was "secret".

Since Outernet has moved to L-band, their demodulator is now SDR
software (the sdr100 binary I'm talking about above). This demodulator
has being released only under closed-source. The modulation format is
kept "secret".

>From reverse engineering, I know the following:

* 4200baud BPSK
* r=1/2, k=7 convolutional code with CCSDS polynomials
* IESS-308 scrambler
* HDLC framing is used somehow

Still, I haven't figure out how to produce anything useful from these
parts yet. In particular, I don't know which kind of differential
encoding is used and where exactly in the chain (some differential
encoding or other kind of polarity determination must be used, since the
IESS-308 scrambler works completely different for one bitstream and the
bit-inverted bitstream). Also, I don't know precisely how is HDLC
framing used.

Perhaps the sdr100 binary includes some copyrighted code which they
can't release, or is bound by some NDAs or whatever. In particular, they
don't seem to use Phil Karn KA9Q's Viterbi implementation, so perhaps
they use some copyrighted library for that which they can't release.

Still, I believe it's easy to produce a completely working decoder using
only open source software. KA9Q's Viterbi library can be used for the
convolutional code, the scrambler is simple and I have already
implemented a working GPL descrambler, and there's plenty of open source
code for HDLC around. So I have the impression that if Outernet doesn't
release an open source demodulator is just because they don't want to,
not because of using copyrighted code or NDAs for something very secret.

It seems that for some reason Outernet wants to keep the key pieces of
their receiver closed-source. Just enough to keep someone from writing
an alternative receiver software.

> I'm interested in following this :-)

I'll keep you updated off-list. So far I've written to the copyright
holders for libmirisdr and librtlsdr, the Free Software Fundation and a
few people at Outernet.


73,

Dani.


From AJ9N at aol.com  Wed Oct 12 20:48:10 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 16:48:10 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-12 20:30
	UTC
Message-ID: <5310f4.5f19173a.452ffb8a@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-12  20:30 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,  telebridge via 
VK4KHZ
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact is a go for:  Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29 deg

Howell L. Watkins Middle School,  Palm Beach Gardens FL, direct via N4J 
(***)
The ISS callsign is presently  scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS  
Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-17 16:08:01 UTC 83 deg  (***)

****************************************************************************
**
Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123 
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-12 20:30 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1088. 
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1053. 
Each  contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time slot.
Total number of  ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A complete year by year  breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-11 05:30 UTC.  

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00 UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From ka3hdo at verizon.net  Wed Oct 12 21:56:48 2016
From: ka3hdo at verizon.net (KA3HDO)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 17:56:48 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISS International Meeting JSC Tour Time Change
Message-ID: <027a01d224d3$8898cb60$99ca6220$@verizon.net>

ARISS-International Meeting Attendees:

 

The ARISS-US team had a meeting with NASA yesterday on the November ARISS-I
meeting  and our tour plans.  We were informed that our ARISS tour time,
originally planned for Monday November 14th in the afternoon, will change.
We are now scheduled from 8:30 am-11:30 am on Monday November 14.

 

NASA stated that they are overwhelmed by the substantial influx of tour
requests on Monday.  This includes the SpaceCom conference, the ARISS-I
meeting and the normal tour groups from Space Center Houston.  An estimated
2,000 attendees will be coming to the SpaceCom conference (industry,
academia, and government space leaders) that will be held the same time as
our ARISS-I  meeting in Houston.  Unfortunately, this will limit tour guides
and tour availability in the times they can work with our group-thus the
need for the tour time change.

 

We apologize for this, but I think you can understand this is unavoidable. 

 

If you have any questions or concerns regarding this, please contact me
directly at my ka3hdo at amsat.org <mailto:ka3hdo at amsat.org>  e-mail.

 

Thanks,

 

Frank Bauer, KA3HDO

AMSAT V.P. for Human Spaceflight Programs

ARISS International Chair


From tjschuessler at verizon.net  Thu Oct 13 02:58:00 2016
From: tjschuessler at verizon.net (Tom Schuessler)
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2016 21:58:00 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] K2BSA/5 on satellite for JOTA this Saturday.
Message-ID: <004c01d224fd$9c219ca0$d464d5e0$@net>

Please look for K2BSA/5 running satellite operations for Jamboree on the Air
this Saturday from the National Scouting Museum in Irving Texas in EM12.
Andrew Koenig, KE5GDB and Keith Pugh, W5IU will be running the sat. station
this year from about 1500-2200Z on the 15th.  We even have the educational
model of the Fox satellites to show off to the Scouts.  Please give us a
shout and be patient if a Scout happens to be on mic.  Your interest in
contacting us might just spur a prospective new ham or two to take up our
challenging aspect of the hobby.

Tom Schuessler
N5HYP,


From richard.siff at verizon.net  Thu Oct 13 11:47:10 2016
From: richard.siff at verizon.net (Rich/wa4bue)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 07:47:10 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] K4AMG   FM 14    OCT 15     GOTA Station
In-Reply-To: <004c01d224fd$9c219ca0$d464d5e0$@net>
References: <004c01d224fd$9c219ca0$d464d5e0$@net>
Message-ID: <E11F1B98A0CA453DA27E20C219E31FD8@BanjoPC>

Good morning

Postponed to this weekend due to Hurricane Matthew, we will be operating 
SATCOMs and HF at the Chesapeake heritage and Waterway Festival in 
Chesapeake, VA.   Operations will start as early as 0900 - 1600 EDT.

We are a small group mentoring youth in electronics and wireless 
communications and sponsor to school amateur radio clubs in Chesapeake - 
W4FOS and W4GBH.

Caution:  If we do not have enough people to show up we could miss a pass if 
we are busy speaking with parents and students.

K4AMG outfits the schools with complete HF stations, and 2 meter equipment. 
Our Portable SATCOM Station is computerized dialed into a TS 2000, Yeasu AZL 
rotors, Preamps, and M2 Beams.

We sponsor a STEM TREASURE HUNT where the winning class wins a price.

The students travels from vendor to vendor collecting answers to about 
10 -15 questions they are giving.  The class with the most correct answers 
wins.

K4AMG is a public charity 501c3.

Maybe we will hear you on the linier birds.

Rich
W4BUE
Founder K4AMG
K4AMG.org



From aptura.larry at gmail.com  Thu Oct 13 14:08:53 2016
From: aptura.larry at gmail.com (Larry Koziel)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 10:08:53 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISS International Meeting JSC Tour Time Change
Message-ID: <e3036c1d-e943-0bff-869f-ee85b975b2c4@amsat.org>

Frank,

Am I correct in assuming that this time change makes it impossible for 
attendees of the AMSAT Symposium cruise to take the tour?

Larry K8MU



From ka3hdo at verizon.net  Thu Oct 13 19:04:03 2016
From: ka3hdo at verizon.net (KA3HDO)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 15:04:03 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISS International Meeting JSC Tour Time Change
Message-ID: <000001d22584$9149f660$b3dde320$@verizon.net>

Larry,

 

Thanks for asking.  Unfortunately you are correct regarding the Monday tour.
That is why we wanted to get this on -bb, so all are aware of this unfolding
issue.

 

Once we learned about the tour time change, we were acutely aware that it
conflictrf with the cruise arrival time.  We pushed back on NASA fairly hard
to correct this but were unsuccessful.  Their only suggestion was cutting
back the tour to only an hour---from 10:30-11:30--to accommodate those on
the cruise.  We did not think this was a good idea because the tour would be
inferior and it is not clear that those on the cruise could get there by
10:30.  So we are working alternatives for those affected.

 

If folks are affected by this, we need to generate a list of all that want
to attend the tour but cannot due to this constraint.  Once we have that, we
plan to go back to NASA and see what alternatives we can offer up to them.
FYI we have already engaged with NASA on alternatives.  I am not sure what
they will be able to support yet.  So, please, if you are affected by this
new tour time constraint, let me know ASAP at my ka3hdo at amsat.org
<mailto:ka3hdo at amsat.org>  address that you are still interested in the tour
be cannot come due to the tour time change.  

 

Larry, I have you on the list.

 

73,  Frank Bauer, KA3HDO

 

 

*************

 

Frank,

 

Am I correct in assuming that this time change makes it impossible for 

attendees of the AMSAT Symposium cruise to take the tour?

 

Larry K8MU

 

 

*************

 

ARISS-International Meeting Attendees:

 

The ARISS-US team had a meeting with NASA yesterday on the November ARISS-I
meeting  and our tour plans.  We were informed that our ARISS tour time,
originally planned for Monday November 14th in the afternoon, will change.
We are now scheduled from 8:30 am-11:30 am on Monday November 14.

 

NASA stated that they are overwhelmed by the substantial influx of tour
requests on Monday.  This includes the SpaceCom conference, the ARISS-I
meeting and the normal tour groups from Space Center Houston.  An estimated
2,000 attendees will be coming to the SpaceCom conference (industry,
academia, and government space leaders) that will be held the same time as
our ARISS-I  meeting in Houston.  Unfortunately, this will limit tour guides
and tour availability in the times they can work with our group-thus the
need for the tour time change.

 

We apologize for this, but I think you can understand this is unavoidable. 

 

If you have any questions or concerns regarding this, please contact me
directly at my ka3hdo at amsat.org <mailto:ka3hdo at amsat.org>  e-mail.

 

Thanks,

 

Frank Bauer, KA3HDO

AMSAT V.P. for Human Spaceflight Programs

ARISS International Chair


From skristof at etczone.com  Thu Oct 13 19:05:33 2016
From: skristof at etczone.com (skristof at etczone.com)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 15:05:33 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Satellite telemetry in the classroom
Message-ID: <abe815f090e7738d45c83452cde7a3bb@etczone.com>

I'd like to hear from anyone who has used amateur radio satellite
telemetry as part of a lesson in a classroom. Any grade level (k -
undergraduate college) is fine. 

Feel free to contact me on-list or off-list as may be appropriate for
your response. 

Thank you! 

Steve Kristoff 

AI9IN

From skristof at etczone.com  Thu Oct 13 19:46:05 2016
From: skristof at etczone.com (skristof at etczone.com)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 15:46:05 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] another question
Message-ID: <685804784a174e304c712900b59919ad@etczone.com>

My head filled up with questions today, so I'm trying to get a few out
to the folks who know the answers. 

First, Thanks to Jan for sending a copy of his presentation! 

My question: We can get data about voltages coming from X, Y, and Z
solar panels. I understand that X, Y, and Z are three spatial axes. 

But solar panels are planes. Are the panels oriented in a particular
plane (i.e. is the X panel in the X-Y plane or the X-Z plane) or do they
rotate around their particular axis? 

If they are fixed in one plane, is it standard for most satellites, or
does it vary from satellite to satellite? If it varies, how can we tell
which plane the solar panel is in? 

Are the axes always in the same orientation (e.g. is the Z axis always
pointed towards the Earth?)? 

If there is a book or other reference for these kinds of things, please
let me know.  

Thanks for your thoughts!! 

Steve AI9IN

From wouterweg at gmail.com  Thu Oct 13 20:45:17 2016
From: wouterweg at gmail.com (Wouter Weggelaar)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 22:45:17 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Satellite telemetry in the classroom
In-Reply-To: <abe815f090e7738d45c83452cde7a3bb@etczone.com>
References: <abe815f090e7738d45c83452cde7a3bb@etczone.com>
Message-ID: <CAKXf1rH_7mp=k9kRtZTt0AeLHe4N0mwShOU7OdfqofGKzcVsvg@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Steve,

The FUNcube project has a lot of resources available.
What are you looking for specifically?

Wouter PA3WEG

On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 9:05 PM,  <skristof at etczone.com> wrote:
> I'd like to hear from anyone who has used amateur radio satellite
> telemetry as part of a lesson in a classroom. Any grade level (k -
> undergraduate college) is fine.
>
> Feel free to contact me on-list or off-list as may be appropriate for
> your response.
>
> Thank you!
>
> Steve Kristoff
>
> AI9IN
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From jameshickox at sbcglobal.net  Thu Oct 13 21:15:36 2016
From: jameshickox at sbcglobal.net (James Hickox)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 21:15:36 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Insulated AWG to bare copper or aluminum
References: <1615199973.45594.1476393337001.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <1615199973.45594.1476393337001@mail.yahoo.com>

 Hello All, I am wondering if there is any "simple" conversion factor to use to modify the length of an antenna element from insulated #10 AWG copper wire to anther gage of wire or to aluminum or copper tubing.? I don't wish to learn any modeling software at this time?? I need the information so I can use materials I have on hand to build yagi antennas for 2 meters and 70 centimeters.
? Thanks and 73,James, AA5AO

From WB4SON at gmail.com  Thu Oct 13 21:41:03 2016
From: WB4SON at gmail.com (Bob)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 17:41:03 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Insulated AWG to bare copper or aluminum
In-Reply-To: <1615199973.45594.1476393337001@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <1615199973.45594.1476393337001.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<1615199973.45594.1476393337001@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <CAPonRZ-n6B=TgR9qjnWCj8H8sthRZsX3xCBF+dC2RRN7pAhCpQ@mail.gmail.com>

The best I can do for you comes from the documentation for antenna modeling
software which does cover the impact of the element diameter.  The impact
on the driven reflector is almost zero.  The impact on the directors is not
quite zero.

Doubling the diameter of the element, example going from 12.5mm to 25mm
(1/2" to 1") will cause the driven element to SHORTEN by 5mm (that's about
0.2 inches).  In other words, you can pretty much forget it.  The impact on
the directors is larger, SHORTENING it about 25mm, or an inch.  But even
so, these dimensional changes are FAR less significant that the changes due
to height, ground characteristics, and what else is near the antenna.  In
other words you can forget about factoring it in.

Same thing is pretty much true for insulated vs. non-insulated wire -- you
can pretty much forget about it.

Good luck!

73, Bob, WB4SON


On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 5:15 PM, James Hickox <jameshickox at sbcglobal.net>
wrote:

>  Hello All, I am wondering if there is any "simple" conversion factor to
> use to modify the length of an antenna element from insulated #10 AWG
> copper wire to anther gage of wire or to aluminum or copper tubing.  I
> don't wish to learn any modeling software at this time   I need the
> information so I can use materials I have on hand to build yagi antennas
> for 2 meters and 70 centimeters.
>   Thanks and 73,James, AA5AO
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From tnetcenter at gmail.com  Thu Oct 13 21:42:07 2016
From: tnetcenter at gmail.com (Jeff Moore)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 14:42:07 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb]  Insulated AWG to bare copper or aluminum
Message-ID: <CALx_moTu0XDCq0gUVt+P75vDMgrcLW+9LU5TmDB33d+o4GoohA@mail.gmail.com>

Hi James,

I think you may be out of luck.   AFAIK, there isn't a simple conversion
since the entire dimensions of the antenna is dependent upon the diameter
of the various elements, that is the primary reason people use the modeling
software in the first place to find these things out!    Changing the
diameter of the elements will affect their length as well as the spacing
between the elements - there's nothing simple about any of  it!!!

Jeff Moore  --  KE7ACY



On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 2:15 PM, James Hickox <jameshickox at sbcglobal.net>
wrote:

>  Hello All, I am wondering if there is any "simple" conversion factor to
> use to modify the length of an antenna element from insulated #10 AWG
> copper wire to anther gage of wire or to aluminum or copper tubing.  I
> don't wish to learn any modeling software at this time   I need the
> information so I can use materials I have on hand to build yagi antennas
> for 2 meters and 70 centimeters.
>   Thanks and 73,James, AA5AO
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From ai7rogerroger at gmail.com  Thu Oct 13 22:12:02 2016
From: ai7rogerroger at gmail.com (Roger)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 15:12:02 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Insulated AWG to bare copper or aluminum
In-Reply-To: <CAPonRZ-n6B=TgR9qjnWCj8H8sthRZsX3xCBF+dC2RRN7pAhCpQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <1615199973.45594.1476393337001.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<1615199973.45594.1476393337001@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CAPonRZ-n6B=TgR9qjnWCj8H8sthRZsX3xCBF+dC2RRN7pAhCpQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAEahN0KiQQhdSMf6Hk9WhXMxVedWzKadmkBxAGK2tAvYXvkRfQ@mail.gmail.com>

Bob, you're going to get a wide variety of answers to your question and for
good reason. All insulation is not created equal and therefore will have
varying effects on your project. I'm not aware of a simple formula either
but could possibly assist in your efforts. It sounds like you want to use
10awg Romex. In this case, I'd strip the insulation from the copper, secure
one end of the copper in a vice or similar device, put the far end in a
variable speed drill and gently twist the copper wire to create stiffer
material. What yagi design do you have in mind? How many elements? What
type of feed? How high do you intend to mount the antenna? These things all
need to be taken into consideration for efficiency.


73, Roger
W7TZ
CN83ia

On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 2:41 PM, Bob <WB4SON at gmail.com> wrote:

> The best I can do for you comes from the documentation for antenna modeling
> software which does cover the impact of the element diameter.  The impact
> on the driven reflector is almost zero.  The impact on the directors is not
> quite zero.
>
> Doubling the diameter of the element, example going from 12.5mm to 25mm
> (1/2" to 1") will cause the driven element to SHORTEN by 5mm (that's about
> 0.2 inches).  In other words, you can pretty much forget it.  The impact on
> the directors is larger, SHORTENING it about 25mm, or an inch.  But even
> so, these dimensional changes are FAR less significant that the changes due
> to height, ground characteristics, and what else is near the antenna.  In
> other words you can forget about factoring it in.
>
> Same thing is pretty much true for insulated vs. non-insulated wire -- you
> can pretty much forget about it.
>
> Good luck!
>
> 73, Bob, WB4SON
>
>
> On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 5:15 PM, James Hickox <jameshickox at sbcglobal.net>
> wrote:
>
> >  Hello All, I am wondering if there is any "simple" conversion factor to
> > use to modify the length of an antenna element from insulated #10 AWG
> > copper wire to anther gage of wire or to aluminum or copper tubing.  I
> > don't wish to learn any modeling software at this time   I need the
> > information so I can use materials I have on hand to build yagi antennas
> > for 2 meters and 70 centimeters.
> >   Thanks and 73,James, AA5AO
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions
> > expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> > AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> >
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From ai7rogerroger at gmail.com  Thu Oct 13 22:15:53 2016
From: ai7rogerroger at gmail.com (Roger)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 15:15:53 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Insulated AWG to bare copper or aluminum
In-Reply-To: <CAEahN0KiQQhdSMf6Hk9WhXMxVedWzKadmkBxAGK2tAvYXvkRfQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <1615199973.45594.1476393337001.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<1615199973.45594.1476393337001@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CAPonRZ-n6B=TgR9qjnWCj8H8sthRZsX3xCBF+dC2RRN7pAhCpQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEahN0KiQQhdSMf6Hk9WhXMxVedWzKadmkBxAGK2tAvYXvkRfQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAEahN0Kn-B1js+4YdmaT543TMr3Vp8Z_2ZrqB0e91gBPJDv4rA@mail.gmail.com>

Oops. My bad. James, not Bob.


73, Roger
W7TZ
CN83ia

On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 3:12 PM, Roger <ai7rogerroger at gmail.com> wrote:

> Bob, you're going to get a wide variety of answers to your question and
> for good reason. All insulation is not created equal and therefore will
> have varying effects on your project. I'm not aware of a simple formula
> either but could possibly assist in your efforts. It sounds like you want
> to use 10awg Romex. In this case, I'd strip the insulation from the copper,
> secure one end of the copper in a vice or similar device, put the far end
> in a variable speed drill and gently twist the copper wire to create
> stiffer material. What yagi design do you have in mind? How many elements?
> What type of feed? How high do you intend to mount the antenna? These
> things all need to be taken into consideration for efficiency.
>
>
> 73, Roger
> W7TZ
> CN83ia
>
> On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 2:41 PM, Bob <WB4SON at gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> The best I can do for you comes from the documentation for antenna
>> modeling
>> software which does cover the impact of the element diameter.  The impact
>> on the driven reflector is almost zero.  The impact on the directors is
>> not
>> quite zero.
>>
>> Doubling the diameter of the element, example going from 12.5mm to 25mm
>> (1/2" to 1") will cause the driven element to SHORTEN by 5mm (that's about
>> 0.2 inches).  In other words, you can pretty much forget it.  The impact
>> on
>> the directors is larger, SHORTENING it about 25mm, or an inch.  But even
>> so, these dimensional changes are FAR less significant that the changes
>> due
>> to height, ground characteristics, and what else is near the antenna.  In
>> other words you can forget about factoring it in.
>>
>> Same thing is pretty much true for insulated vs. non-insulated wire -- you
>> can pretty much forget about it.
>>
>> Good luck!
>>
>> 73, Bob, WB4SON
>>
>>
>> On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 5:15 PM, James Hickox <jameshickox at sbcglobal.net>
>> wrote:
>>
>> >  Hello All, I am wondering if there is any "simple" conversion factor to
>> > use to modify the length of an antenna element from insulated #10 AWG
>> > copper wire to anther gage of wire or to aluminum or copper tubing.  I
>> > don't wish to learn any modeling software at this time   I need the
>> > information so I can use materials I have on hand to build yagi antennas
>> > for 2 meters and 70 centimeters.
>> >   Thanks and 73,James, AA5AO
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions
>> > expressed
>> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> > AMSAT-NA.
>> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!
>> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>> >
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>
>

From hartzell at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 01:34:16 2016
From: hartzell at gmail.com (Dave Hartzell)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 19:34:16 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
Message-ID: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>

Hi all,

I just noticed today that recently the Outernet satellite information
service just switched from K-band to L-band.

This allows for a much smaller patch antenna to receive the signal from
Inmarsat, but at a lower bit rate (20 MB/day).

This is a free service, and can be received with low-cost hardware:
 Raspberry Pi 3, RTL-SDR, LNA, and patch antenna.  All available from
Amazon.

Apparently APRS is being rebroadcast, as well as weather satellite
information.

73
Dave
ad0qe

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct 14 01:36:02 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 11:36:02 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>

Mac Software  ?


> On 14 Oct. 2016, at 11:34 am, Dave Hartzell <hartzell at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Hi all,
> 
> I just noticed today that recently the Outernet satellite information
> service just switched from K-band to L-band.
> 
> This allows for a much smaller patch antenna to receive the signal from
> Inmarsat, but at a lower bit rate (20 MB/day).
> 
> This is a free service, and can be received with low-cost hardware:
> Raspberry Pi 3, RTL-SDR, LNA, and patch antenna.  All available from
> Amazon.
> 
> Apparently APRS is being rebroadcast, as well as weather satellite
> information.
> 
> 73
> Dave
> ad0qe
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From hartzell at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 01:47:36 2016
From: hartzell at gmail.com (Dave Hartzell)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 19:47:36 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>

They provide a VM that seems to work on the Mac, I just booted it, and it
found the RTL_SDR dongle...

On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 7:36 PM, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net>
wrote:

> Mac Software  ?
>
>
> > On 14 Oct. 2016, at 11:34 am, Dave Hartzell <hartzell at gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > Hi all,
> >
> > I just noticed today that recently the Outernet satellite information
> > service just switched from K-band to L-band.
> >
> > This allows for a much smaller patch antenna to receive the signal from
> > Inmarsat, but at a lower bit rate (20 MB/day).
> >
> > This is a free service, and can be received with low-cost hardware:
> > Raspberry Pi 3, RTL-SDR, LNA, and patch antenna.  All available from
> > Amazon.
> >
> > Apparently APRS is being rebroadcast, as well as weather satellite
> > information.
> >
> > 73
> > Dave
> > ad0qe
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Fri Oct 14 01:52:46 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 11:52:46 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>
	<CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <4E679B68-48E3-4D75-9616-943534EDDA05@tech-software.net>

Dave

Can u tell me what to do please

I am new

Andrew 

> On 14 Oct. 2016, at 11:47 am, Dave Hartzell <hartzell at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> They provide a VM that seems to work on the Mac, I just booted it, and it found the RTL_SDR dongle...
> 
> On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 7:36 PM, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net <mailto:vk4tec at tech-software.net>> wrote:
> Mac Software  ?
> 
> 
> > On 14 Oct. 2016, at 11:34 am, Dave Hartzell <hartzell at gmail.com <mailto:hartzell at gmail.com>> wrote:
> >
> > Hi all,
> >
> > I just noticed today that recently the Outernet satellite information
> > service just switched from K-band to L-band.
> >
> > This allows for a much smaller patch antenna to receive the signal from
> > Inmarsat, but at a lower bit rate (20 MB/day).
> >
> > This is a free service, and can be received with low-cost hardware:
> > Raspberry Pi 3, RTL-SDR, LNA, and patch antenna.  All available from
> > Amazon.
> >
> > Apparently APRS is being rebroadcast, as well as weather satellite
> > information.
> >
> > 73
> > Dave
> > ad0qe
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb <http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>
> 
> 


From kayakfishtx at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 01:57:27 2016
From: kayakfishtx at gmail.com (Clayton Coleman)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 20:57:27 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] W5PFG/P NPOTA activation MN03 in DM95
Message-ID: <CAPovOwcoQ+LKpZrYXc_kaaYVyFPKa9Y+vMmpm_7d0ZuXTGjMTQ@mail.gmail.com>

On Friday, October 14 I will operate two passes from the Alibates
Flint Quarries National Monument (NPOTA Unit MN03) in gridsquare DM95:

16:04-16:20  FO-29
16:24-16:45  SO-50

https://www.nps.gov/alfl/index.htm

73,
Clayton
W5PFG

From va3kkz at amsat.org  Fri Oct 14 01:50:20 2016
From: va3kkz at amsat.org (Daniel Kekez)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 21:50:20 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] another question
In-Reply-To: <685804784a174e304c712900b59919ad@etczone.com>
References: <685804784a174e304c712900b59919ad@etczone.com>
Message-ID: <20161014015020.GA24305@ddk.kekez.ca>

On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 03:46:05PM -0400, skristof at etczone.com wrote:
> My question: We can get data about voltages coming from X, Y, and Z
> solar panels. I understand that X, Y, and Z are three spatial axes. 
> 
> But solar panels are planes. Are the panels oriented in a particular
> plane (i.e. is the X panel in the X-Y plane or the X-Z plane) or do they
> rotate around their particular axis? 

The X panel's normal vector is aligned with the X axis of the
satellite. So the X panel is parallel to the Y-Z plane.

> If they are fixed in one plane, is it standard for most satellites, or
> does it vary from satellite to satellite? If it varies, how can we tell
> which plane the solar panel is in? 

Coordinate axes are arbitary for each satellite. The designer of the
satellite will include an axis triad on solid model drawings so others
will know how the axes are labeled.

In fact, various components on the satellite, like attitude sensors (sun
sensors, Earth horizon sensors, star trackers), will have their own axes
in their own frames of reference. Some math is then required to map their
measurements into the satellite's frame of reference, which is called
the body frame.

> Are the axes always in the same orientation (e.g. is the Z axis always
> pointed towards the Earth?)? 

It depends on the attitude control system of the satellite. In the
absence of control, the satellite could be pointed anywhere at any given
time. If the satellite has magnets, it can align with the Earth's
magnetic field, like a compass needle does. Earth observation satellites
use reaction wheels or control-modement gyros to precisely control their
pointing and keep their camera on one face of the satellite percisely
pointed at the Earth.

> If there is a book or other reference for these kinds of things, please
> let me know.  

One of the common engineering texts that give an overview of all satellite
subsystems and various design trades is _Space Mission Analysis and
Design_ by Larson and Wertz. The latest edition of this book is now
called _Space Mission Engineering_ by Wertz. But there are many others.

Regards,
-Daniel VA3KKZ

From hartzell at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 02:02:10 2016
From: hartzell at gmail.com (Dave Hartzell)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 20:02:10 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <4E679B68-48E3-4D75-9616-943534EDDA05@tech-software.net>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>
	<CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>
	<4E679B68-48E3-4D75-9616-943534EDDA05@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CAKKR=DG27YW8-qr2=TWbcT2t9nSa++ihWBWngjh3_x8n4KozZg@mail.gmail.com>

Andrew,

https://outernet.is/docs

and

https://outernet.is/s/Outernet-L-Band-Manual-v0300.pdf

Instead of a Raspberry Pi, you can try the Virtual Machines, but dig in to
the above to get started.



On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 7:52 PM, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net>
wrote:

> Dave
>
> Can u tell me what to do please
>
> I am new
>
> Andrew
>
> On 14 Oct. 2016, at 11:47 am, Dave Hartzell <hartzell at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> They provide a VM that seems to work on the Mac, I just booted it, and it
> found the RTL_SDR dongle...
>
> On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 7:36 PM, Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net>
> wrote:
>
>> Mac Software  ?
>>
>>
>> > On 14 Oct. 2016, at 11:34 am, Dave Hartzell <hartzell at gmail.com> wrote:
>> >
>> > Hi all,
>> >
>> > I just noticed today that recently the Outernet satellite information
>> > service just switched from K-band to L-band.
>> >
>> > This allows for a much smaller patch antenna to receive the signal from
>> > Inmarsat, but at a lower bit rate (20 MB/day).
>> >
>> > This is a free service, and can be received with low-cost hardware:
>> > Raspberry Pi 3, RTL-SDR, LNA, and patch antenna.  All available from
>> > Amazon.
>> >
>> > Apparently APRS is being rebroadcast, as well as weather satellite
>> > information.
>> >
>> > 73
>> > Dave
>> > ad0qe
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!
>> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>>
>
>

From k7trkradio at charter.net  Fri Oct 14 08:37:43 2016
From: k7trkradio at charter.net (Ted)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 01:37:43 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] W5PFG/P NPOTA activation MN03 in DM95
Message-ID: <000301d225f6$40962550$c1c26ff0$@charter.net>

Hi Clayton, notwithstanding the radio aspect, that Park looks like an
incredible place. (The Park web site is one of the worse sites ever seen but
since I have once been to Amarillo, I can see that the Park is up in the
panhandle). I'm intrigued with all the greenery in the site photos. I
thought the Panhandle area was pretty dry and flat. Anyway, looks like a
beautiful place and a good middle ground for a sat contact as it should be
up against OK if memory serves.

Good Luck !

73, Ted
K7TRK

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Clayton
Coleman
Sent: Thursday, October 13, 2016 6:57 PM
To: AMSAT-BB
Subject: [amsat-bb] W5PFG/P NPOTA activation MN03 in DM95

On Friday, October 14 I will operate two passes from the Alibates Flint
Quarries National Monument (NPOTA Unit MN03) in gridsquare DM95:

16:04-16:20  FO-29
16:24-16:45  SO-50

https://www.nps.gov/alfl/index.htm

73,
Clayton
W5PFG
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to all
interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From zleffke at vt.edu  Fri Oct 14 02:51:29 2016
From: zleffke at vt.edu (Zach Leffke)
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 2016 22:51:29 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Satellite telemetry in the classroom
In-Reply-To: <abe815f090e7738d45c83452cde7a3bb@etczone.com>
References: <abe815f090e7738d45c83452cde7a3bb@etczone.com>
Message-ID: <ed896112-2261-2fb7-57ea-cecd33f9f0e9@vt.edu>

We used the FunCube telemetry downlink here at VT for a class project 
for the undergrad Satellite Communications class in the ECE department.  
More specifically, we examined the AO-73 to FO-29 crosslinks that happen 
every so often.  The students had to simulate the orbits, determine when 
chains were established between AO-73 to FO-29 to the VTGS, and then do 
a full link budget and doppler computation in one second time steps for 
each chain event.  The project culminated with a couple attempts to 
monitor FO-29, searching for the AO-73 downlink, according to the 
prediction software.  We got lucky and were able to dig out a few 
packets that married up perfectly with the students' simulation software.

We have had a number of other projects for undergraduate independent 
study credit, but those were mostly case by case basis.  I also do 
satellite demos as part of a High School outreach camp run by the VT 
Center for the Enhancement of Engineering Diversity (CEED) where a 
number of high school senior girls attend the camp and get introduced to 
many different fields of engineering in an effort to convince them to 
attend VT.  For the demos I usually use FunCube telemetry direct 
reception and the dashboard to show them what its like to download data 
from a satellite.  Additionally, we try to track ISS and monitor packet 
traffic, and occasionally I try to make a voice contact or two via 
FO-29  (also, wanted to go after Fox-1 this year for TLM and voice 
comms, but the schedule with the campers didn't line up quite right with 
pass times).

If you would like more info on what all we've pursued here at VT, let me 
know (a number of other previous and ongoing projects, directly related 
to Amateur Satellites).

If you are talking more specifically about actually looking at the 
decoded telemetry data for the purpose of tracking trends over time, or 
something along those lines, then no we haven't really dug into 
that.....yet.


Hope this helps, feel free to let me know if you would like more details.

-Zach, KJ4QLP

Research Associate
Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Work Phone: 540-231-4174
Cell Phone: 540-808-6305

On 10/13/2016 3:05 PM, skristof at etczone.com wrote:
> I'd like to hear from anyone who has used amateur radio satellite
> telemetry as part of a lesson in a classroom. Any grade level (k -
> undergraduate college) is fine.
>
> Feel free to contact me on-list or off-list as may be appropriate for
> your response.
>
> Thank you!
>
> Steve Kristoff
>
> AI9IN
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From n4csitwo at bellsouth.net  Fri Oct 14 05:32:48 2016
From: n4csitwo at bellsouth.net (n4csitwo at bellsouth.net)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 01:32:48 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with University of Nebraska's
	Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE
Message-ID: <BA54FA9DAA7F46B9AE14E57617EE328E@DHJ>

An International Space Station school contact has been planned with participants at University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE

on 15 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately 14:00 UTC. It is recommended that you start listening approximately 10 minutes before this time.The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds. The contact will be a telebridge between NA1SS and VK4KHZ. The contact should be audible over portions of Australia and adjacent areas. Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.

 

 

Welcome to the Amateur Radio on the International Space Station contact hosted by the University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute.  Today, a group of scouts will serve as astronaut interviewers and will have the rare opportunity to speak with an astronaut onboard the International Space Station as it orbits about 250 miles above the surface of the Earth.  We are hosting this exciting STEM outreach event as part of the Mid America Council's Jubilee celebration and Scouting's world-wide Jamboree On The Air event. For Nebraskans, this ARISS contact is especially significant as we are only a few miles from Ashland, Nebraska, the home of Nebraska's own astronaut, Clayton Anderson. 

 

Throughout this weekend and the run-up to this ARISS contact, scouts have been able to explore a number of different aspects of space and amateur radio, where knowledge of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics are key.  Astronaut Interviewers, who will talk with our astronaut, completed a rigorous application and review process, prior to being selected for this unique assignment.  Other activities at Jubilee have included launching straw rockets, learning about near space science through high altitude ballooning, and operating amateur radio stations to connect with other scouts around the world.  Lastly, this outreach event would not have been possible without the tremendous support from volunteers at the Mid America Council, the University of Nebraska at Omaha's College of Education, the NASA Nebraska Space Grant, the Bellevue Amateur Radio Club, and the Peter Kiewit Institute.   

 

 

Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows: 

 

1.  What is your favorite thing you have seen while in space?

2.  What do you do in your free time?

3.  How does it feel being in low gravity?

4.  How long does it take to get to the Station?

5.  How often do you get to talk with your family?

6.  What does lightning look like from space?

7.  What differences in your body have you noticed since being in space?

8.  What does it feel like to lift off and rocket into space?

9.  What should I be doing now to prepare myself to be an astronaut? 

10. What long term health concerns do you have while being in space and once  

     you return?

11.  What is the one thing you miss most about Earth when you are on the ISS?

12.  What is the most difficult thing about living in space?

13.  What is the most important science mission that you've conducted so far 

     on the ISS?

14.  Why did you choose to be an astronaut?

15.  If you could do any other mission in space, what would it be?

16.  What was the most difficult part of astronaut training?

17.  How long have you been in space?

18.  How do you exercise in space?

19.  How do you eat in zero gravity?

20.  What's your favorite thing to do in your off time?

 

 

 

 

PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:

 

      Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS).

 

      To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status

 

 

 

Next planned event(s):

 

  1.   Howell L. Watkins Middle School, Palm Beach Gardens FL, direct via N4J

       The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS

       The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS 

       Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-17 16:08 UTC

 

 

 

About ARISS: 

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.

 

Thank you & 73,

David - AA4KN

 


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

From jay.aa4fl at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 09:43:30 2016
From: jay.aa4fl at gmail.com (Jay Garlitz)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 05:43:30 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] More VP5/AA4FL plans
Message-ID: <CAPLjiQKMArM0XQyvN54DvwAEndKiVdB6dp96C8m61UPgcKU9_w@mail.gmail.com>

I have updated my AA4FL QRZ page with additional information about
operating plans.  Will try to get on more birds on the weekend of Oct.
21-23.  I also have a VP5/AA4FL page up if you want to ogle the QTH, but
operating details are on the AA4FL page.

See you in the logs!

73, Jay AA4FL

From kb1sf at kbakers.com  Fri Oct 14 15:08:28 2016
From: kb1sf at kbakers.com (kb1sf at kbakers.com)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 08:08:28 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] JOTA on sats from EN-93
Message-ID: <20161014080828.3c113581494067df3af46d9f1ce23160.255077ea86.mailapi@email23.godaddy.com>

If all goes as planned, Art, VE3GNF and I will be on the birds this Saturday (& possibly Sunday) for the 2017 Scout JOTA from Grid EN-93 using Art's VE3SY call. Hope to meet you all there! 73, Keith, KB1SF / VA3KSF

From w0jab at big-river.net  Fri Oct 14 15:39:36 2016
From: w0jab at big-river.net (John Becker)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 10:39:36 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
Message-ID: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>

OK I ask this from time to time and this is one of the times.
Let me start by saying that I have NOT.
But is there any move afoot for a replacement for AO40?

John, W0JAB



From wa4sca at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 15:50:26 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 10:50:26 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <CAKKR=DG27YW8-qr2=TWbcT2t9nSa++ihWBWngjh3_x8n4KozZg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>	<526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>	<CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>	<4E679B68-48E3-4D75-9616-943534EDDA05@tech-software.net>
	<CAKKR=DG27YW8-qr2=TWbcT2t9nSa++ihWBWngjh3_x8n4KozZg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <000201d22632$af036020$0d0a2060$@GMAIL.COM>

Have the plug and play system up and running.  Pointing is very uncritical, and the 46 degree
elevation nicely clears the trees.

After 3 hours, the only download is some APRS traffic.  ;)

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA




From n8hm at arrl.net  Fri Oct 14 15:56:47 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 11:56:47 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
In-Reply-To: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>
References: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOoz6bfcC3CT_ahmKprBgdDADqSV0uNwajp6yQVd95pQ2A@mail.gmail.com>

Apogee View lays out the status of AMSAT projects in a comprehensive
fashion six times per year in The AMSAT Journal. The answers to these
types of questions are usually found there. I encourage everyone to
read the Journal as soon as it arrives in your mailbox.

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Fri, Oct 14, 2016 at 11:39 AM, John Becker <w0jab at big-river.net> wrote:
> OK I ask this from time to time and this is one of the times.
> Let me start by saying that I have NOT.
> But is there any move afoot for a replacement for AO40?
>
> John, W0JAB
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From simon at sdr-radio.com  Fri Oct 14 16:06:35 2016
From: simon at sdr-radio.com (Simon Brown)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 17:06:35 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
In-Reply-To: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>
References: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>
Message-ID: <004f01d22634$f0464e60$d0d2eb20$@sdr-radio.com>

Sadly no concrete plans for HEO on the horizon :( .

Simon Brown, GK4ELI
http://sdr-radio.com

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of John Becker
Sent: 14 October 2016 16:40
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?

OK I ask this from time to time and this is one of the times.
Let me start by saying that I have NOT.
But is there any move afoot for a replacement for AO40?

John, W0JAB


_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to all
interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Fri Oct 14 16:19:06 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 12:19:06 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
In-Reply-To: <CABzOSOoz6bfcC3CT_ahmKprBgdDADqSV0uNwajp6yQVd95pQ2A@mail.gmail.com>
References: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>
	<CABzOSOoz6bfcC3CT_ahmKprBgdDADqSV0uNwajp6yQVd95pQ2A@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <5801057A.60503@cfl.rr.com>

Apogee is only available to members. Keep in mind that not all 
participants on this list are members.

Reid, W4UPD
Amsat: 17002


On 10/14/2016 11:56 AM, Paul Stoetzer wrote:
> Apogee View lays out the status of AMSAT projects in a comprehensive
> fashion six times per year in The AMSAT Journal. The answers to these
> types of questions are usually found there. I encourage everyone to
> read the Journal as soon as it arrives in your mailbox.
>
> 73,
>
> Paul, N8HM
>
> On Fri, Oct 14, 2016 at 11:39 AM, John Becker <w0jab at big-river.net> wrote:
>> OK I ask this from time to time and this is one of the times.
>> Let me start by saying that I have NOT.
>> But is there any move afoot for a replacement for AO40?
>>
>> John, W0JAB
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>


From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 16:26:10 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 12:26:10 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
In-Reply-To: <CAEMY9FcnTKsEE4mBKFj2k+PgbGwMZawZevch4i3wBWjWS6DvSg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>
	<CABzOSOoz6bfcC3CT_ahmKprBgdDADqSV0uNwajp6yQVd95pQ2A@mail.gmail.com>
	<5801057A.60503@cfl.rr.com>
	<CAEMY9FcnTKsEE4mBKFj2k+PgbGwMZawZevch4i3wBWjWS6DvSg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9FetBBfUs3mpSdSh3yFS8UWAKfVGWXHPW=GQsrpjRLLZTg@mail.gmail.com>

Reid,

That is very true. What I have noticed is that the people who aren't
members seem to gripe the most about no HEO and one in particular stated he
would pay all past years dues when AMSAT launches one. I'm not sure how
paying after it gets built and launched helps to make it happen.

Dave-KB1PVH

Sent from my Galaxy S7

On Oct 14, 2016 12:19 PM, "w4upd" <w4upd at cfl.rr.com> wrote:

Apogee is only available to members. Keep in mind that not all participants
on this list are members.

Reid, W4UPD
Amsat: 17002



On 10/14/2016 11:56 AM, Paul Stoetzer wrote:

> Apogee View lays out the status of AMSAT projects in a comprehensive
> fashion six times per year in The AMSAT Journal. The answers to these
> types of questions are usually found there. I encourage everyone to
> read the Journal as soon as it arrives in your mailbox.
>
> 73,
>
> Paul, N8HM
>
> On Fri, Oct 14, 2016 at 11:39 AM, John Becker <w0jab at big-river.net> wrote:
>
>> OK I ask this from time to time and this is one of the times.
>> Let me start by saying that I have NOT.
>> But is there any move afoot for a replacement for AO40?
>>
>> John, W0JAB
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From k9jkm at comcast.net  Fri Oct 14 16:27:07 2016
From: k9jkm at comcast.net (JoAnne Maenpaa)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 11:27:07 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
In-Reply-To: <5801057A.60503@cfl.rr.com>
References: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>	<CABzOSOoz6bfcC3CT_ahmKprBgdDADqSV0uNwajp6yQVd95pQ2A@mail.gmail.com>
	<5801057A.60503@cfl.rr.com>
Message-ID: <005b01d22637$ce6aacc0$6b400640$@net>

> Apogee is only available to members. Keep in mind that not all
> participants on this list are members.

One of the chief benefits of paid-up AMSAT-NA membership is to receive the
information first via the AMSAT Journal.

--
73 de JoAnne K9JKM
k9jkm at amsat.org




From bruninga at usna.edu  Fri Oct 14 16:28:01 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 12:28:01 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <000201d22632$af036020$0d0a2060$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>	<CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>
	<4E679B68-48E3-4D75-9616-943534EDDA05@tech-software.net>	<CAKKR=DG27YW8-qr2=TWbcT2t9nSa++ihWBWngjh3_x8n4KozZg@mail.gmail.com>
	<000201d22632$af036020$0d0a2060$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <c2b3b2340a8077029c0ee766bbaa420e@mail.gmail.com>

From: Alan WA4SCA
> I Have the plug and play system up and running.
> Pointing is very uncritical, and the 46 degree elevation nicely clears
the trees.
> After 3 hours, the only download is some APRS traffic.  ;)

I was ready to buy the stuff and got too confused.  So Scott, K4KDR wrote
this nice summary:
http://aprs.org/OUTNET/Scotts-description1.txt

I have a link to it on the APRS OUTNET page:
http://aprs.org/outnet.html

BIG PICTURE:  The bottom line is you build one of these boxes, take it
anywhere in the world, and it receives the Outernlink downlink and creates
a WiFi hot spot that any surrounding users in WiFi range can then access
the downloaded files.  In addition to Weather for example are the hourly
APRS files showing all the Amateur Radio Satellite APRS downlink data.

And/or any APRS traffic that contains the word OUTNET in it.  So anyone
can send messages anywhere in the world to such users.  Then they can use
APRS on HF  or satellites  or whatever to reply back.  Thus, a possible
2-way emergency response system.

Bob, WB4APR

From wa4sca at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 17:26:52 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 12:26:52 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <c2b3b2340a8077029c0ee766bbaa420e@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>	<526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>	<CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>	<4E679B68-48E3-4D75-9616-943534EDDA05@tech-software.net>	<CAKKR=DG27YW8-qr2=TWbcT2t9nSa++ihWBWngjh3_x8n4KozZg@mail.gmail.com>	<000201d22632$af036020$0d0a2060$@GMAIL.COM>
	<c2b3b2340a8077029c0ee766bbaa420e@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <000001d22640$27d02300$77706900$@GMAIL.COM>

Bob,

A couple of hours later, and I also have weather, some basic news, pictures, etc.  Reminds me of the
KO-23 pacsat days.  Easy to check from my computer, but also my phone.  Next step is to come up with a
better and more waterproof mount than the two old textbooks I used.

Scott's collection is good.  The basic information is there on the Outernet site, but badly scattered.


73s,

Alan
WA4SCA




<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Robert Bruninga
<Sent: Friday, October 14, 2016 11:28 AM
<To: Amsat BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
<Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
<
<From: Alan WA4SCA
<> I Have the plug and play system up and running.
<> Pointing is very uncritical, and the 46 degree elevation nicely clears
<the trees.
<> After 3 hours, the only download is some APRS traffic.  ;)
<
<I was ready to buy the stuff and got too confused.  So Scott, K4KDR wrote
<this nice summary:
<http://aprs.org/OUTNET/Scotts-description1.txt
<
<I have a link to it on the APRS OUTNET page:
<http://aprs.org/outnet.html
<
<BIG PICTURE:  The bottom line is you build one of these boxes, take it
<anywhere in the world, and it receives the Outernlink downlink and creates
<a WiFi hot spot that any surrounding users in WiFi range can then access
<the downloaded files.  In addition to Weather for example are the hourly
<APRS files showing all the Amateur Radio Satellite APRS downlink data.
<
<And/or any APRS traffic that contains the word OUTNET in it.  So anyone
<can send messages anywhere in the world to such users.  Then they can use
<APRS on HF  or satellites  or whatever to reply back.  Thus, a possible
<2-way emergency response system.
<
<Bob, WB4APR
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From skristof at etczone.com  Fri Oct 14 17:36:48 2016
From: skristof at etczone.com (skristof at etczone.com)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 13:36:48 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] another question
In-Reply-To: <20161014015020.GA24305@ddk.kekez.ca>
References: <685804784a174e304c712900b59919ad@etczone.com>
	<20161014015020.GA24305@ddk.kekez.ca>
Message-ID: <23d80f155af7ee488e6224564d7784a9@etczone.com>

Thank you. That makes a bunch of sense. For some reason my brain got
stuck on thinking about extended solar panels like on the ISS, instead
of on the side of a cube (Cubesat!). 

Steve

On 2016-10-13 21:50, Daniel Kekez wrote:

> On Thu, Oct 13, 2016 at 03:46:05PM -0400, skristof at etczone.com wrote: 
> 
>> My question: We can get data about voltages coming from X, Y, and Z
>> solar panels. I understand that X, Y, and Z are three spatial axes. 
>> 
>> But solar panels are planes. Are the panels oriented in a particular
>> plane (i.e. is the X panel in the X-Y plane or the X-Z plane) or do they
>> rotate around their particular axis?
> 
> The X panel's normal vector is aligned with the X axis of the
> satellite. So the X panel is parallel to the Y-Z plane.
> 
>> If they are fixed in one plane, is it standard for most satellites, or
>> does it vary from satellite to satellite? If it varies, how can we tell
>> which plane the solar panel is in?
> 
> Coordinate axes are arbitary for each satellite. The designer of the
> satellite will include an axis triad on solid model drawings so others
> will know how the axes are labeled.
> 
> In fact, various components on the satellite, like attitude sensors (sun
> sensors, Earth horizon sensors, star trackers), will have their own axes
> in their own frames of reference. Some math is then required to map their
> measurements into the satellite's frame of reference, which is called
> the body frame.
> 
>> Are the axes always in the same orientation (e.g. is the Z axis always
>> pointed towards the Earth?)?
> 
> It depends on the attitude control system of the satellite. In the
> absence of control, the satellite could be pointed anywhere at any given
> time. If the satellite has magnets, it can align with the Earth's
> magnetic field, like a compass needle does. Earth observation satellites
> use reaction wheels or control-modement gyros to precisely control their
> pointing and keep their camera on one face of the satellite percisely
> pointed at the Earth.
> 
>> If there is a book or other reference for these kinds of things, please
>> let me know.
> 
> One of the common engineering texts that give an overview of all satellite
> subsystems and various design trades is _Space Mission Analysis and
> Design_ by Larson and Wertz. The latest edition of this book is now
> called _Space Mission Engineering_ by Wertz. But there are many others.
> 
> Regards,
> -Daniel VA3KKZ

From david.xe3dx at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 19:52:23 2016
From: david.xe3dx at gmail.com (David Maciel (XE3DX))
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 14:52:23 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] 4A0ASM Scout of Mexico (XE1AY-XE3DX)
Message-ID: <CA+3j0OP-tdDHQ2QO6OXjdxQuQWR+ZT67mgiGUqmqvg39Jjq30Q@mail.gmail.com>

I'm not sure if will work on Saturday as 4A0ASM (Mexico Scout Association)
or XE3DX from the scout camp (EK36), it all depends on availability. XE1AY
DK-79  and XE3DX EK36,  4A0ASM work. Sorry, but the conditions will only be
FM satellites AO-85, SO-50, LilacSat whenever possible. transmissions will
be made all day, many at midnight from the camp.






David Maciel XE3DX

*http://www.qsl.net/xe3dx/ <http://www.qsl.net/xe3dx/>*

*david.xe3dx at gmail.com <david.xe3dx at gmail.com>*

From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 20:30:30 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 16:30:30 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Gulf Alpha antennas for sale
In-Reply-To: <CAEMY9FcgK4==5U0XzkjNEQLtwYvZXY9n8EjZzG5VPgULufXCYQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAEMY9FfLFSPH0ZNAk0J-3uz45a+_ebOfu8mBWzywQyDOzeyfDg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9FcSC4X7JzpMMBgMpPrTSREpzv8heQveEH6Ytu0DbbAk8A@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9FeOKVvOx2uaKHoYCNvi2huE0bQG+Xx3GvTSD2+RMW4X6Q@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9FcNfC5DhhBXtD1dmwgSahTTMgNuGGbtJp3bX+y9qcb0DQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9FcgK4==5U0XzkjNEQLtwYvZXY9n8EjZzG5VPgULufXCYQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9FdX_6CpY9qAQrsBYy3wK7nCu2WDQZvWQ3bTRUt9JL5PEQ@mail.gmail.com>

I have an 8x8 UHF and 5x5 VHF from Gulf Alpha that I am no longer using for
sale. I just replaced the 2 N connectors on the UHF. $250 plus shipping.
Contact me directly if interested.

Dave-KB1PVH

Sent from my Galaxy S7

From kl7uw at acsalaska.net  Fri Oct 14 20:52:30 2016
From: kl7uw at acsalaska.net (Edward R Cole)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 12:52:30 -0800
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
Message-ID: <201610142052.u9EKqVj6014973@mail41c28.carrierzone.com>

Back on the "back shelf", but there is P3E (read in German):
http://www.amsat-dl.org/index.php/satelliten-mainmenu-76/amsat-p3-e-mainmenu-83

73, Ed - KL7UW
----------------------------
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 17:06:35 +0100
From: "Simon Brown" <simon at sdr-radio.com>
To: <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
Message-ID: <004f01d22634$f0464e60$d0d2eb20$@sdr-radio.com>
Content-Type: text/plain;       charset="us-ascii"

Sadly no concrete plans for HEO on the horizon :( .

Simon Brown, GK4ELI
http://sdr-radio.com

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of John Becker
Sent: 14 October 2016 16:40
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?

OK I ask this from time to time and this is one of the times.
Let me start by saying that I have NOT.
But is there any move afoot for a replacement for AO40?

John, W0JAB


73, Ed - KL7UW
http://www.kl7uw.com
     "Kits made by KL7UW"
Dubus Mag business:
     dubususa at gmail.com


From redski at bellsouth.net  Fri Oct 14 21:01:44 2016
From: redski at bellsouth.net (W M Willoughby)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 16:01:44 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
Message-ID: <B0853877-C6CB-4B24-AD3A-C427B2A6F61A@bellsouth.net>

I should also be noted that this list is also an AMSAT resource, supported by members' dues.

Red
KC4LE



From hartzell at gmail.com  Fri Oct 14 22:35:49 2016
From: hartzell at gmail.com (Dave Hartzell)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 16:35:49 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <000001d22640$27d02300$77706900$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>
	<CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>
	<4E679B68-48E3-4D75-9616-943534EDDA05@tech-software.net>
	<CAKKR=DG27YW8-qr2=TWbcT2t9nSa++ihWBWngjh3_x8n4KozZg@mail.gmail.com>
	<000201d22632$af036020$0d0a2060$@GMAIL.COM>
	<c2b3b2340a8077029c0ee766bbaa420e@mail.gmail.com>
	<000001d22640$27d02300$77706900$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <CAKKR=DHn5CuYMv-fcqw8B-4ejGLfode3Ghn5u44Qyrge9+wcaw@mail.gmail.com>

It seems like the Outernet folks may be ramping up the data feeds, so
perhaps more content is to come.

I hope someday a service like this will be available from an AMSAT
geostationary service.

On Fri, Oct 14, 2016 at 11:26 AM, Alan <wa4sca at gmail.com> wrote:

> Bob,
>
> A couple of hours later, and I also have weather, some basic news,
> pictures, etc.  Reminds me of the
> KO-23 pacsat days.  Easy to check from my computer, but also my phone.
> Next step is to come up with a
> better and more waterproof mount than the two old textbooks I used.
>
> Scott's collection is good.  The basic information is there on the
> Outernet site, but badly scattered.
>
>
> 73s,
>
> Alan
> WA4SCA
>
>
>
>
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Robert
> Bruninga
> <Sent: Friday, October 14, 2016 11:28 AM
> <To: Amsat BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
> <Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
> <
> <From: Alan WA4SCA
> <> I Have the plug and play system up and running.
> <> Pointing is very uncritical, and the 46 degree elevation nicely clears
> <the trees.
> <> After 3 hours, the only download is some APRS traffic.  ;)
> <
> <I was ready to buy the stuff and got too confused.  So Scott, K4KDR wrote
> <this nice summary:
> <http://aprs.org/OUTNET/Scotts-description1.txt
> <
> <I have a link to it on the APRS OUTNET page:
> <http://aprs.org/outnet.html
> <
> <BIG PICTURE:  The bottom line is you build one of these boxes, take it
> <anywhere in the world, and it receives the Outernlink downlink and creates
> <a WiFi hot spot that any surrounding users in WiFi range can then access
> <the downloaded files.  In addition to Weather for example are the hourly
> <APRS files showing all the Amateur Radio Satellite APRS downlink data.
> <
> <And/or any APRS traffic that contains the word OUTNET in it.  So anyone
> <can send messages anywhere in the world to such users.  Then they can use
> <APRS on HF  or satellites  or whatever to reply back.  Thus, a possible
> <2-way emergency response system.
> <
> <Bob, WB4APR
> <_______________________________________________
> <Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> <are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> <Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From k8bl at ameritech.net  Fri Oct 14 23:53:51 2016
From: k8bl at ameritech.net (R.T.Liddy)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 23:53:51 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Any CY9C SAT QSLs?
References: <772871140.684348.1476489231168.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <772871140.684348.1476489231168@mail.yahoo.com>

Has anyone gotten a CY9C SAT QSL via LoTW?
Last I heard, there was an issue with their N1MM SAT Logging.
TNX, ? ? Bob - K8BL

From n8hm at arrl.net  Sat Oct 15 00:00:09 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 2016 20:00:09 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Any CY9C SAT QSLs?
In-Reply-To: <772871140.684348.1476489231168@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <772871140.684348.1476489231168.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<772871140.684348.1476489231168@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOr1PU-ctgeAxKNJs6KH8Btanduxqn2VUfwKjZULyxGp1g@mail.gmail.com>

Yes, there were some issues with the logs. AMSAT has offered
assistance with the logs and hopefully they will be corrected soon.

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Fri, Oct 14, 2016 at 7:53 PM, R.T.Liddy <k8bl at ameritech.net> wrote:
> Has anyone gotten a CY9C SAT QSL via LoTW?
> Last I heard, there was an issue with their N1MM SAT Logging.
> TNX,     Bob - K8BL
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From daniel at destevez.net  Sat Oct 15 11:36:21 2016
From: daniel at destevez.net (Dani EA4GPZ)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 13:36:21 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...
In-Reply-To: <CAKKR=DHn5CuYMv-fcqw8B-4ejGLfode3Ghn5u44Qyrge9+wcaw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKKR=DHYwV5NSOXkNr1m5yRCbSo3jGjoZ76TH40x4yjmsOO+Vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<526290A1-A059-4C90-AE99-980AC20E9831@tech-software.net>
	<CAKKR=DFWLdfyJcTC_zJ9Tpf1+hHCfdzS2bBgHh3gM0Av_wdc3g@mail.gmail.com>
	<4E679B68-48E3-4D75-9616-943534EDDA05@tech-software.net>
	<CAKKR=DG27YW8-qr2=TWbcT2t9nSa++ihWBWngjh3_x8n4KozZg@mail.gmail.com>
	<000201d22632$af036020$0d0a2060$@GMAIL.COM>
	<c2b3b2340a8077029c0ee766bbaa420e@mail.gmail.com>
	<000001d22640$27d02300$77706900$@GMAIL.COM>
	<CAKKR=DHn5CuYMv-fcqw8B-4ejGLfode3Ghn5u44Qyrge9+wcaw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <d3d1eeae-0473-71c9-87a7-1d1d1d701707@destevez.net>

El 15/10/16 a las 00:35, Dave Hartzell escribi?:

> I hope someday a service like this will be available from an AMSAT
> geostationary service.

I'm pretty confident that the guys at AMSAT-DL are capable of doing this
much better on the upcoming EsHail'2 than what Outernet is currently
doing on Inmarsat (unfortunately not worldwide coverage).

They already have in mind a "DVB-S beacon", which is a DVB-S signal that
is broadcast from the ground station at Qatar and through the wideband
Amateur transponder. They plan to put informational videos about Ham
radio and Ham radio events on this signal. They could also include some
data stream if there is enough interest.

What is more, if you have equipment to operate EsHail'2 on SSB, it's
more or less easy to use either the narrowband transponder or the
wideband transponder to transmit an Outernet-type signal through
EsHail'2, so anyone can have a go with this.

Outernet uses 4200baud BPSK and half of the bitrate is spent for FEC.
You can use a bit less bitrate to get a signal that will even pass
through a conventional 2.7kHz SSB filter and you can use less bits for
FEC to get increased data throughput (at the cost of a bit more SNR
required).

73,

Dani EA4GPZ.


From nss at mwt.net  Sat Oct 15 13:57:03 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 08:57:03 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Active Birds
Message-ID: <75a65028-84a5-bd6b-4087-5683779f458d@mwt.net>

Morning All,

I am getting serious about getting on the Birds again after a nearly 40 
year gap.
And have rather crudely actually made my first contact via a Bird in 40+ 
years on AO-07 With AL7RS in Alaska. Major kudos to him for trying to 
work my bogus signal! Way cool what a way to get started all over again.

I have been going through the birds on this page,
http://www.amsat.org/status/

And from what I am determining from what I have found so far. That if I 
try for a long term goal of Worked All States,  That from my QTH here in 
EN43xo that the only bird that is capable of having a mutual window 
between me and KH6 Land Hawaii, is also via AO-07.

Or are there any others that may have a mutual window?

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com

From n8hm at arrl.net  Sat Oct 15 14:07:26 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 10:07:26 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Active Birds
In-Reply-To: <75a65028-84a5-bd6b-4087-5683779f458d@mwt.net>
References: <75a65028-84a5-bd6b-4087-5683779f458d@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOo+V8ipROpA2PAi30-Q53s=7ycMjhX-W1cR6ec=B6hpHA@mail.gmail.com>

FO-29 will also have windows with Hawaii for a period of time every
couple of months (when the passes are closer to apogee, around 1,100
km+ altitude should do the trick)

A couple of stations to try are NH6Y (AO-7 or FO-29, needs a few
degrees of elevation due to obstructions to his east) and WH6XM (FO-29
only).

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Sat, Oct 15, 2016 at 9:57 AM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
> Morning All,
>
> I am getting serious about getting on the Birds again after a nearly 40 year
> gap.
> And have rather crudely actually made my first contact via a Bird in 40+
> years on AO-07 With AL7RS in Alaska. Major kudos to him for trying to work
> my bogus signal! Way cool what a way to get started all over again.
>
> I have been going through the birds on this page,
> http://www.amsat.org/status/
>
> And from what I am determining from what I have found so far. That if I try
> for a long term goal of Worked All States,  That from my QTH here in EN43xo
> that the only bird that is capable of having a mutual window between me and
> KH6 Land Hawaii, is also via AO-07.
>
> Or are there any others that may have a mutual window?
>
> Joe WB9SBD
> --
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From joanne.k9jkm at gmail.com  Sat Oct 15 14:19:02 2016
From: joanne.k9jkm at gmail.com (JoAnne K9JKM)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 09:19:02 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] any move a foot?
In-Reply-To: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>
References: <3cb26ed9-afab-39ca-76eb-1fef9c4eb391@big-river.net>
Message-ID: <58023acd.1749240a.74914.59a3@mx.google.com>

> OK I ask this from time to time and this is one of the times.
> Let me start by saying that I have NOT.
> But is there any move afoot for a replacement for AO40?

Hams interested in this thread may find this, released overnight, new video,
of interest:

http://forums.qrz.com/index.php?threads/hamradionow-a-geosync-ham-satellite-
for-the-americas-from-the-dcc.540872/ 

Watch the line wrap ... pretty sure the re-mailer will clobber this URL. If
all else fails look on the news items on the front page at QRZ.com until it
scrolls off in a couple of days.

--
73 de JoAnne K9JKM
k9jkm at amsat.org



From amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net  Sat Oct 15 17:31:18 2016
From: amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net (Patrick STODDARD (WD9EWK/VA7EWK))
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 17:31:18 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pacificon AMSAT demos today @ 1830-1900 UTC
Message-ID: <CAN6TEUeMGxc=REg50dqPbMxS2Hv=+mnSU=4Ox4hXhTugehVLCA@mail.gmail.com>

Hi!

Pacificon is going very well for the AMSAT booth. Many
thanks to Alan WA6DNR, his friend Louise, and TIm W6MU
here at the convention. It rained a lot yesterday, but
for now there's a break in the rain. I plan on working
a couple of passes in the 1830-1900 UTC timeframe today,
starting with SO-50 and then switching to FO-29 at the
SO-50 LOS (or whenever I run out of stations to work
on SO-50). Demonstrations will be done using W1AW/6,
meaning ARRL will take care of the LOTW uploading and
QSL chores. Thanks to the ARRL and Pacificon for allowing
me to use the W1AW/6 call for the demonstrations.

For FO-29, I plan on using a single FT-817 and Elk antenna,
transmitting around 145.930 MHz +/-. Whether on SO-50 or
FO-29, please call if you hear W1AW/6 on these passes.

73!





Patrick WD9EWK/VA7EWK
http://www.wd9ewk.net/
Twitter: @WD9EWK

From normanlizeth at gmail.com  Sat Oct 15 17:52:51 2016
From: normanlizeth at gmail.com (Norm n3ykf)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 14:52:51 -0300
Subject: [amsat-bb] Anyone have this book?
Message-ID: <CAJUhCTN7DP=jpLpkMRZUt1bTpVxtSYGDYvFGDhyaswaQMYZNFQ@mail.gmail.com>

Handbook of filter synthesis? by Zverev

Need to get the procedure for tuning a helical filter found on p 518
and in figure 9.23.

Found a reference to this.

Thanks,
Norm pz5yk (for a few more days)

From AJ9N at aol.com  Sun Oct 16 02:26:31 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 22:26:31 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-16 01:30
	UTC
Message-ID: <6360c1.7f752a12.45343f57@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-16  01:30 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE,  telebridge via 
VK4KHZ
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact was  successful: Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29 deg (***)

Howell L.  Watkins Middle School, Palm Beach Gardens FL, direct via N4J 
The ISS  callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya  Onishi KF5LKS 
Contact is a go for: Mon 2016-10-17 16:08:01 UTC 83  deg

****************************************************************************
**
Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123 
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-16 01:30 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1089. (***)
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1054. (***)  
Each contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time slot.
Total  number of ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A complete year by  year breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-16 01:30 UTC.  

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From ku4os at cfl.rr.com  Sun Oct 16 02:33:24 2016
From: ku4os at cfl.rr.com (Lee McLamb)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 22:33:24 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ANS-290 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins
Message-ID: <f940b4ba-944e-d311-8dac-7e7f4b47d5ca@cfl.rr.com>

AMSAT NEWS SERVICE
ANS-290

The AMSAT News Service bulletins are a free, weekly news and infor-
mation service of AMSAT North America, The Radio Amateur Satellite
Corporation. ANS publishes news related to Amateur Radio in Space
including reports on the activities of a worldwide group of Amateur
Radio operators who share an active interest in designing, building,
launching and communicating through analog and digital Amateur Radio
satellites.

The news feed on http://www.amsat.org publishes news of Amateur
Radio in Space as soon as our volunteers can post it.

Please send any amateur satellite news or reports to:
ans-editor at amsat.org.

In this edition:

* AMSAT RadFXSat Vibration Testing
* 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium at Sea Registration Still Open
* AMSAT SA Sponsors SDR Workshop
* Phase 4 Satellite Presentation at TAPR Digital Communication Conference

SB SAT @ AMSAT $ANS-290.01
ANS-290 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins

AMSAT News Service Bulletin 290.01
  From AMSAT HQ KENSINGTON, MD.
DATE October 16, 2016
To All RADIO AMATEURS
BID: $ANS-290.01

AMSAT RadFXSat Vibration Testing

RadFxSat underwent vibration testing for two of the three axes on Monday,
October 10 at NTS in Boxborough, MA. The X and Z axis were tested with Y 
axis
testing following on Tuesday and final testing completed on Friday, 
October 14.
Jerry Buxton, N0JY, AMSAT VP-Engineering reported, "All environmental 
and post-
environmental tests passed. In the bag, another Fox in a Box ready for 
delivery
and integration!"

A YouTube video of the X-Axis test is available
https://youtu.be/hPWxXPUmYQ4

Remaining activities include the Mission Readiness Review in December 
leading to
delivery and integration currently scheduled for early January 2017.

(ANS Jerry, N0JY, for the above information)


---------------------------------------------------------------------


2016 AMSAT Space Symposium at Sea Registration Still Open


If you are an Individual attending Symposium on board the CARNIVAL LIBERTY
departing Galveston, TX on November 10,  you must register to attend the 
AMSAT
Space Symposium & Annual Meeting through AMSAT.  Cruise arrangements made
through Carnival Cruise Lines does not include the registration fee for the
Symposium itself.

There are three options to register for Symposium:

-Complete and mail  to the AMSAT Office the 2016 Symposium Registration 
Form
that was sent to all AMSAT members back in July along with the BoD 
ballot along
with payment;

-Call the AMSAT Office (301-822-4376) and speak with AMSAT Office Manager
Martha Saragovitz ; or

-Use the AMSAT Store (store.amsat.org) by selecting the ?2016 AMSAT-NA
Symposium Registration? link found under ?Bestsellers? on the right hand 
side
of the store?s main page.

Registration for the Symposium is $40.00 and includes a copy of the
?Proceedings? that contains papers written for the Symposium as well as
technical documentation that AMSAT is placing in the public domain. The
?Proceedings? will be available to attendees onboard ship.  In addition, 
the
registration provides a means to confirm the number of individuals in your
party planning to attend the AMSAT Banquet as well as an opportunity to 
reserve
seats for the Field Ops Breakfast.  Both meals are open to anyone 
wishing to
attend (AMSAT Registration is not necessary) and there is no charge for 
either
event as food is included in your cruise package.  However, by 
indicating how
many individuals will be attending, it helps to ensure that sufficient 
seating
is made available for each activity.

As the AMSAT Office will not be open after Monday, 7 NOV 16 through that 
week,
we ask that your Symposium Registration be received at the AMSAT office by
Friday, 4 NOV 16.


[ANS thanks 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium Committee for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


AMSAT SA Sponsors SDR Workshop

AMSAT SA is holding a half-day SDR workshop in cooperation with the South
African Radio League at the National Amateur Radio Centre on 26 November 
2016.
The workshop will include videos and presentations on Software Defined 
Radio and
a practical demonstration. AMSAT SA started a conversation with radio 
amateurs
interested in SDR and soon realised that there is a wider interest in this
developing technology in Amateur Radio.

The cost of attending is a contribution to the Kletskous development 
fund with a
minimum of R20 to cover refreshment. For more details and to book your 
place,
visit www.amsatsa.org.za or follow the link from the League's home page.

[ANS thanks SARL weekly news in English 2016-10-15 for the above 
information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


Phase 4 Satellite Presentation at TAPR Digital Communication Conference

Gary Pearce KN4AQ has released a video of the Digital Communications 
Conference
presentation by Bob McGwier N4HY about the AMSAT payload for a 
geosynchronous
satellite.

AMSAT-NA is developing a ?hosted payload? for a spacecraft that 
Millennium Space
Systems (MSS) of El Segundo, California, is under contract to design, 
launch,
and operate for the US government. The satellite?s potential footprint 
could
extend over the US from the Mid-Pacific to Africa.

The amateur radio payload will comprise a Software Defined Transponder 
capable
of supporting many different modes, including analog SSB.

Gary Pearce KN4AQ writes: We?ve been hearing about a Geosynchronous 
satellite
for the Western Hemisphere for a while now, but not many details. In this
episode from the DCC, project leader Bob McGwier N4HY fills in a lot of 
blanks.
There?s no launch date yet, and maybe not quite enough info to start 
building
your ground station (a ?Five & Dime? setup ? 5 GHz up, 10 GHz down), but 
you can
start thinking about it.

Bob's Phase 4 presentation at DCC can be viewed at the following link:
https://youtu.be/BE6ZZ3MQsNY

[ANS thanks HamRadioNow and AMSAT-UK for the above information]


/EX

In addition to regular membership, AMSAT offers membership in the
President's Club. Members of the President's Club, as sustaining
donors to AMSAT Project Funds, will be eligible to receive addi-
tional benefits. Application forms are available from the AMSAT
Office.

Primary and secondary school students are eligible for membership
at one-half the standard yearly rate. Post-secondary school students
enrolled in at least half time status shall be eligible for the stu-
dent rate for a maximum of 6 post-secondary years in this status.
Contact Martha at the AMSAT Office for additional student membership
information.

73,
This week's ANS Editor,
Lee McLamb, KU4OS
ku4os at amsat dot org




From hobergenix at gmail.com  Sun Oct 16 02:35:17 2016
From: hobergenix at gmail.com (Mike Hoblinski)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 19:35:17 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
Message-ID: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>

I purchased the setup from Amazon and used the Raspberry Pi 3 board.
Its only been running for about a day and its downloaded some of the WX
info, APRS Lists, Pics, News. and Wiki lists. I am looking for a more
suitable
enclosure for outdoors.

Its setup on a shelf about a foot in front of the window with Vertical
plastic
blinds closed and plastic window screen on the outside and it manages to
get enough of a signal to download the packets.

I do see a problem once my computer and monitor are powered up and possibly
with the TV as well. I am powering it from the Raspberry PI wall wart for
now but
after a few days I want to try out my portable power pack and outdoor
locations.

The patch antenna is mounted on a plastic sheet with the L-Band Amp, SDR
dongle, and Pi-3 on the other side. I have a tablet stand from the 99 cent
store
to tilt and aim the board for now.

I was wondering what other users are seeing signal wise from their setup.
Mine shows
a SNR of only 2.8 and signal quality of around 3 to 4 on their setup screen
but appears
to do the job.

Mike

N6IMF

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Sun Oct 16 03:11:55 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 23:11:55 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <A471267B31EE4BCCA87C60127D3B96C7@CSI9020>

Mike, my SNR values are not very representative of what someone might see 
because I have partial tree cover in that direction.

But generally speaking, my SNR's have been as follows:

> patch antenna:  2's with an occasional 3

> TP-link 2.4GHz wi-fi dish:  6 to 8

> 1m dish w/ helical feed:  11 to 12

I'm using the Outernet LNA as well.  FYI, my signal improved dramatically 
when I switched from the Outernet dongle to a metal-case rtl-sdr.com TXCO 
dongle (please note that the bias-T will have to be enabled if you try one 
of those).

-Scott,  K4KDR


==============================================================

-----Original Message----- 
From: Mike Hoblinski
Sent: Saturday, October 15, 2016 10:35 PM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service

I purchased the setup from Amazon and used the Raspberry Pi 3 board.
Its only been running for about a day and its downloaded some of the WX
info, APRS Lists, Pics, News. and Wiki lists. I am looking for a more
suitable
enclosure for outdoors.

Its setup on a shelf about a foot in front of the window with Vertical
plastic
blinds closed and plastic window screen on the outside and it manages to
get enough of a signal to download the packets.

I do see a problem once my computer and monitor are powered up and possibly
with the TV as well. I am powering it from the Raspberry PI wall wart for
now but
after a few days I want to try out my portable power pack and outdoor
locations.

The patch antenna is mounted on a plastic sheet with the L-Band Amp, SDR
dongle, and Pi-3 on the other side. I have a tablet stand from the 99 cent
store
to tilt and aim the board for now.

I was wondering what other users are seeing signal wise from their setup.
Mine shows
a SNR of only 2.8 and signal quality of around 3 to 4 on their setup screen
but appears
to do the job.

Mike

N6IMF 


From k.alexander at rogers.com  Sun Oct 16 03:49:08 2016
From: k.alexander at rogers.com (Ken Alexander)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 23:49:08 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Grid Day Trip: EN95 + FN05
Message-ID: <b9a72029-ff8f-a47e-550b-65fc99a63ab7@rogers.com>

Hi All!


Tomorrow (Sunday Oct 16) I'm going to spend a few hours in Parry Sound, 
ON, the home town of Bobby Orr, and near the EN95/FN05 boundary.  I 
don't know of a location where I can set up on the common grid 
boundary.  I haven't been there in a while.  If I'm able to find one I 
will use it for the passes listed below. If not I'll do several passes 
from EN95 and then some from FN05.  Follow @ve3hls on Twitter for details.


I have included a few AO-7 passes in the hope that AO-7 will be in Mode 
B tomorrow.  However, at the moment it looks like tomorrow might be a 
"Mode A day".  If that turns out to be the case then you can scratch the 
AO-7 passes.


There are no usable XW-2x passes during this period.


73 and hope to work you tomorrow!


Ken,

VE3HLS


*----------------------------------------------------------*

*DayObjectsAOS (U) LOS Period maxElAZ*

*----------------------------------------------------------*

*16.10.2016SO-5014:02 14:100819164 - 055*

*16.10.2016FO-2914:18 14:301219098 - 002*

*16.10.2016SO-5015:41 15:511057228 - 031*

*16.10.2016FO-2915:59 16:171876157 - 348*

*16.10.2016FO-2917:46 18:011524214 - 333*

*16.10.2016AO-0718:03 18:171423102 - 354*

*16.10.2016AO-8519:44 19:520819159 - 055*

*16.10.2016AO-0719:53 20:111884159 - 343*

*16.10.2016AO-8521:23 21:331061225 - 032*

*16.10.2016AO-0721:48 22:031520217 - 326*


From k.alexander at rogers.com  Sun Oct 16 03:53:31 2016
From: k.alexander at rogers.com (Ken Alexander)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 23:53:31 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Grid Day Trip to EN95 + FN05
Message-ID: <618e3013-9c9f-e14f-f813-c7c9971a5483@rogers.com>

Sorry, that schedule came out poorly!  Try this:

*----------------------------------------------------------*

*DayObjectsAOS (U) LOS Period maxElAZ*

*----------------------------------------------------------*

*16.10.2016SO-5014:02 14:100819164 - 055*

*16.10.2016FO-2914:18 14:301219098 - 002*

*16.10.2016SO-5015:41 15:511057228 - 031*

*16.10.2016FO-2915:59 16:171876157 - 348*

*16.10.2016FO-2917:46 18:011524214 - 333*

*16.10.2016AO-0718:03 18:171423102 - 354*

*16.10.2016AO-8519:44 19:520819159 - 055*

*16.10.2016AO-0719:53 20:111884159 - 343*

*16.10.2016AO-8521:23 21:331061225 - 032*

*16.10.2016AO-0721:48 22:031520217 - 326*


From k.alexander at rogers.com  Sun Oct 16 03:54:47 2016
From: k.alexander at rogers.com (Ken Alexander)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 23:54:47 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Grid Day Trip to EN95 + FN05 (take 3)
Message-ID: <383c2245-1d40-f9a6-fb24-d4968fd8655b@rogers.com>


**

*----------------------------------------------------------*

*DayObjectsAOS (U) LOS Period maxElAZ*

*----------------------------------------------------------*

*16.10.2016SO-5014:02 14:100819164 - 055*

*16.10.2016FO-2914:18 14:301219098 - 002*

*16.10.2016SO-5015:41 15:511057228 - 031*

*16.10.2016FO-2915:59 16:171876157 - 348*

*16.10.2016FO-2917:46 18:011524214 - 333*

*16.10.2016AO-0718:03 18:171423102 - 354*

*16.10.2016AO-8519:44 19:520819159 - 055*

*16.10.2016AO-0719:53 20:111884159 - 343*

*16.10.2016AO-8521:23 21:331061225 - 032*

*16.10.2016AO-0721:48 22:031520217 - 326*


From k.alexander at rogers.com  Sun Oct 16 03:59:28 2016
From: k.alexander at rogers.com (Ken Alexander)
Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2016 23:59:28 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Grid Day Trip to EN95 + FN05 (take 4)
Message-ID: <bac5cb02-45ef-2a0f-b569-7056f3c5fefd@rogers.com>

  ----------------------------------------------------------
      Day     Objects      AOS (U) LOS Period maxEl   AZ
  ----------------------------------------------------------
  16.10.2016  SO-50        14:02 14:10    08   19  164 - 055
  16.10.2016  FO-29        14:18 14:30    12   19  098 - 002
  16.10.2016  SO-50        15:41 15:51    10   57  228 - 031
  16.10.2016  FO-29        15:59 16:17    18   76  157 - 348
  16.10.2016  FO-29        17:46 18:01    15   24  214 - 333
  16.10.2016  AO-07        18:03 18:17    14   23  102 - 354
  16.10.2016  AO-85        19:44 19:52    08   19  159 - 055
  16.10.2016  AO-07        19:53 20:11    18   84  159 - 343
  16.10.2016  AO-85        21:23 21:33    10   61  225 - 032
  16.10.2016  AO-07        21:48 22:03    15   20  217 - 326



From n4csitwo at bellsouth.net  Sun Oct 16 05:19:14 2016
From: n4csitwo at bellsouth.net (n4csitwo at bellsouth.net)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 01:19:14 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS contact with Howell L. Watkins Middle
	School, Palm Beach Gardens FL
Message-ID: <F251F9DA7C2D4C5C8C0CF02C469AABCC@DHJ>

An International Space Station school contact has been planned with participants at Howell L.  Watkins Middle School, Palm Beach Gardens FL on 17 Oct. The event is scheduled to begin at approximately 16:08 UTC. The duration of the contact is approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds. The contact will be direct between NA1SS and N4J. The contact should be audible over Florida and adjacent areas. Interested parties are invited to listen in on the 145.80 MHz downlink. The contact is expected to be conducted in English.

 

 

Howell L. Watkins is a public middle school for grades 6-8 located Palm Beach Gardens, Florida operating in the Palm Beach County School system. The school first opened in 1963 and has been in their current building for about thirteen years. The student population is 928 students with an average age group of 11 through 14 years. Ninety percent of the students are on the free or reduced lunch program and the student population has a high number of Limited English Proficiency students (LEP) and students who receive Exceptional Student Education (ESE) support services. The school currently has two magnet programs: a Medical Magnet and a Science, Technology, Robotics and Mathematics (STERM) program. There are 58 teachers providing instruction and 47 support personnel on the school staff. The school's mission is to educate students and to assist them in realizing their full potential as responsible, productive, contributing members of society by providing an educational environment in which students are challenged, excellence is expected and differences are valued.

 

 

Participants will ask as many of the following questions as time allows:

 

1.   What is your hypothesis on the future evolution of Mars?  Do you think 

     it will be the next landing site for astronauts?

2.   In regards to Kepler-186f, how can you tell the life of a planet 500 

     light years away from Earth?

3.   If you were left on Mars like in the movie "The Martian" what would you 

     do?

4.   Being in space weakens the bone structure, but what does it do to the 

     Cardiovascular system, especially the heart?

5.   What is the safety cord you use on space walks made of and can it be 

     broken?

6.   When did you know you wanted to become an astronaut and who inspired 

     you?

7.   Is it hard living in a small space with limited resources?

8.   What is your favorite tool or gadget that you use in space and what is 

     its purpose? 

9.   What would you do if the ISS were hit by space junk?

10.   What was the hardest part about going into space?

11.   What have you accomplished in space that you are the most proud of?

12.   How long was your astronaut training and was it difficult?

13.   How do you sleep upright in the sleeping bag and stay in the bag?

14.   Is it hard getting used to sleeping on a flat bed when you get home?

15.   How hard is it being away from your families?

16.   After your body has evacuated its waste, what happens to it?

17.   Which movie or TV show have you watched about space travel that is the 

      most closely related to what you are experiencing?

18.   How has your view of the Earth affected your view of humanity, or has 

      your view of humanity changed since being able to look at the world 

      from space?

19.   What is the most impressive thing you have seen while in space?

 

 

 

PLEASE CHECK THE FOLLOWING FOR MORE INFORMATION ON ARISS UPDATES:

 

      Visit ARISS on Facebook. We can be found at Amateur Radio on the 

      International Space Station (ARISS).

 

      To receive our Twitter updates, follow @ARISS_status

 

 

Next planned event(s):

 

      TBD

 

About ARISS: 

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.

 

Thank you & 73,

David - AA4KN

 

 


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sun Oct 16 06:14:24 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 01:14:24 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <000001d22774$8b943040$a2bc90c0$@GMAIL.COM>

Mike,

I got their kit, being in a hurry, and have been running it on the front deck with a battery pack. It
has a clear shot at the satellite, and I see SNR of 8-10 or so. The downlink isn't all that
interesting right now, but at some point I need to come up with a weatherproof mount for the
electronics. There are relatively long periods between data, so checking it when I bring it in for the
night is adequate. They have a fairly active support forum, and there are reports/conjecture that the
LNA may be a bit sensitive to ESD.

I found these a useful source of azimuth and elevation information:

http://www.csgnetwork.com/geosatposcalc.html

http://www.csgnetwork.com/antennasatelazposcalc.html

The US satellite is at 98W.

Thanks for the suggestion for a mount. Turns out I had one on the shelf, and it gives me exactly the
right tilt.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA



From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Sun Oct 16 06:22:20 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 16:22:20 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <000001d22774$8b943040$a2bc90c0$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<000001d22774$8b943040$a2bc90c0$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <F9006DE7-343C-4841-A8D8-BAA15D1EC794@tech-software.net>

Our bird is very strong lots of signals here in Australia

I was amazed what a difference the AMP made.

I just need to decode now

Beamwidth about 45 degrees

Andrew 


> On 16 Oct. 2016, at 4:14 pm, Alan <wa4sca at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Mike,
> 
> I got their kit, being in a hurry, and have been running it on the front deck with a battery pack. It
> has a clear shot at the satellite, and I see SNR of 8-10 or so. The downlink isn't all that
> interesting right now, but at some point I need to come up with a weatherproof mount for the
> electronics. There are relatively long periods between data, so checking it when I bring it in for the
> night is adequate. They have a fairly active support forum, and there are reports/conjecture that the
> LNA may be a bit sensitive to ESD.
> 
> I found these a useful source of azimuth and elevation information:
> 
> http://www.csgnetwork.com/geosatposcalc.html
> 
> http://www.csgnetwork.com/antennasatelazposcalc.html
> 
> The US satellite is at 98W.
> 
> Thanks for the suggestion for a mount. Turns out I had one on the shelf, and it gives me exactly the
> right tilt.
> 
> 73s,
> 
> Alan
> WA4SCA
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From art.ballentine at gmail.com  Sun Oct 16 06:37:10 2016
From: art.ballentine at gmail.com (Franklyn A. Ballentine, Jr)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 06:37:10 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <F9006DE7-343C-4841-A8D8-BAA15D1EC794@tech-software.net>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<000001d22774$8b943040$a2bc90c0$@GMAIL.COM>
	<F9006DE7-343C-4841-A8D8-BAA15D1EC794@tech-software.net>
Message-ID: <CABAKp2G_qQUq04nrZEdtzRHRXcSWd8gLa22Lc9=ZfEkjj8RooQ@mail.gmail.com>

Hi All,

Been meaning to try it.
Hopefully this week when I'm off from work.

Can't wait to see what this project does.

73
Frank
kb1qzh

On Sun, Oct 16, 2016 at 2:22 AM Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net>
wrote:

> Our bird is very strong lots of signals here in Australia
>
> I was amazed what a difference the AMP made.
>
> I just need to decode now
>
> Beamwidth about 45 degrees
>
> Andrew
>
>
> > On 16 Oct. 2016, at 4:14 pm, Alan <wa4sca at gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > Mike,
> >
> > I got their kit, being in a hurry, and have been running it on the front
> deck with a battery pack. It
> > has a clear shot at the satellite, and I see SNR of 8-10 or so. The
> downlink isn't all that
> > interesting right now, but at some point I need to come up with a
> weatherproof mount for the
> > electronics. There are relatively long periods between data, so checking
> it when I bring it in for the
> > night is adequate. They have a fairly active support forum, and there
> are reports/conjecture that the
> > LNA may be a bit sensitive to ESD.
> >
> > I found these a useful source of azimuth and elevation information:
> >
> > http://www.csgnetwork.com/geosatposcalc.html
> >
> > http://www.csgnetwork.com/antennasatelazposcalc.html
> >
> > The US satellite is at 98W.
> >
> > Thanks for the suggestion for a mount. Turns out I had one on the shelf,
> and it gives me exactly the
> > right tilt.
> >
> > 73s,
> >
> > Alan
> > WA4SCA
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Sun Oct 16 07:11:08 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 17:11:08 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <CABAKp2G_qQUq04nrZEdtzRHRXcSWd8gLa22Lc9=ZfEkjj8RooQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<000001d22774$8b943040$a2bc90c0$@GMAIL.COM>
	<F9006DE7-343C-4841-A8D8-BAA15D1EC794@tech-software.net>
	<CABAKp2G_qQUq04nrZEdtzRHRXcSWd8gLa22Lc9=ZfEkjj8RooQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1991FA41-1276-4CA2-A4D5-67DF96D948B5@tech-software.net>

Feel like a kid again 

Andrew

-----------------------------
Sent from my iPhone
Andrew Rich
e vk4tec at tech-software.net
w www.tech-software.net
m 0419 738 223

> On 16 Oct. 2016, at 16:37, Franklyn A. Ballentine, Jr <art.ballentine at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Hi All,
> 
> Been meaning to try it.
> Hopefully this week when I'm off from work.
> 
> Can't wait to see what this project does.
> 
> 73
> Frank
> kb1qzh
> 
>> On Sun, Oct 16, 2016 at 2:22 AM Andrew Rich <vk4tec at tech-software.net> wrote:
>> Our bird is very strong lots of signals here in Australia
>> 
>> I was amazed what a difference the AMP made.
>> 
>> I just need to decode now
>> 
>> Beamwidth about 45 degrees
>> 
>> Andrew
>> 
>> 
>> > On 16 Oct. 2016, at 4:14 pm, Alan <wa4sca at gmail.com> wrote:
>> >
>> > Mike,
>> >
>> > I got their kit, being in a hurry, and have been running it on the front deck with a battery pack. It
>> > has a clear shot at the satellite, and I see SNR of 8-10 or so. The downlink isn't all that
>> > interesting right now, but at some point I need to come up with a weatherproof mount for the
>> > electronics. There are relatively long periods between data, so checking it when I bring it in for the
>> > night is adequate. They have a fairly active support forum, and there are reports/conjecture that the
>> > LNA may be a bit sensitive to ESD.
>> >
>> > I found these a useful source of azimuth and elevation information:
>> >
>> > http://www.csgnetwork.com/geosatposcalc.html
>> >
>> > http://www.csgnetwork.com/antennasatelazposcalc.html
>> >
>> > The US satellite is at 98W.
>> >
>> > Thanks for the suggestion for a mount. Turns out I had one on the shelf, and it gives me exactly the
>> > right tilt.
>> >
>> > 73s,
>> >
>> > Alan
>> > WA4SCA
>> >
>> >
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From quadpugh at bellsouth.net  Sun Oct 16 09:13:07 2016
From: quadpugh at bellsouth.net (Nick Pugh)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 04:13:07 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] help labjack and satpc32
Message-ID: <006101d2278d$82cd72a0$886857e0$@bellsouth.net>

I am moving satpc32 to a windows 10 operating system. I have a very old
Labjack and when I open satpc32 i get an error missing labjack.ddl file 

any suggestions

 

tnx 73's nick

 

 

 

 

 


From richard.siff at verizon.net  Sun Oct 16 10:10:05 2016
From: richard.siff at verizon.net (Rich/wa4bue)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 06:10:05 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] K4AMG LVB Tracker
In-Reply-To: <006101d2278d$82cd72a0$886857e0$@bellsouth.net>
References: <006101d2278d$82cd72a0$886857e0$@bellsouth.net>
Message-ID: <560D679CEE164A74B8BA1D2AD50870C9@BanjoPC>

Yesterday at the an event we were operating a GOTA operation, it appears our 
LVB Tracker about 4 - 5 years old failed on the rotor side.  The numbers 
that correspond to the 5500 rotor did not track and the elevation rotor did 
not respond.  The Azimuth rotor responded.  The 5500 rotor worked great 
manually.  We did a test run 3 days before and all was well.

Anyone experience this problem????

God Bless

Rich
W4BUE
Founder K4AMG
K4AMG.org 


From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sun Oct 16 10:50:11 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 05:50:11 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] help LabJack and SatPC32
Message-ID: <000201d2279b$11cfa240$356ee6c0$@GMAIL.COM>

Nick,

64-bit?  I got this from Erich recently:

====

Hi Alan,
I have just tested the U12 at my Windows 10, 64-bit, Acer Laptop. It
works flawlessly at a USB 2 and USB 3 port. I had only to copy the
ljackuw.dll from my Windows 7 PC into the C:\Windows\SYSWOW64 folder.
The U12 is an excellent device. You don't need to care about drivers
because it uses the Windows own HID drivers.
73s, Erich, DK1TB

===

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA




<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Nick Pugh
<Sent: Sunday, October 16, 2016 4:13 AM
<To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
<Subject: [amsat-bb] help labjack and satpc32
<
<I am moving satpc32 to a windows 10 operating system. I have a very old
<Labjack and when I open satpc32 i get an error missing labjack.ddl file
<
<any suggestions
<
<
<
<tnx 73's nick
<
<
<
<
<
<
<
<
<
<
<
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sun Oct 16 12:48:52 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 07:48:52 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <A471267B31EE4BCCA87C60127D3B96C7@CSI9020>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<A471267B31EE4BCCA87C60127D3B96C7@CSI9020>
Message-ID: <000001d227ab$a6c317a0$f44946e0$@GMAIL.COM>

Scott,

I moved the patch inside to a much less optimum location.  It looks through my thermopane glass past a
post, and some leafy trees.  SNR dropped to 2-3, and I am now seeing some packet loss.  However, data
is still flowing as before.  One thing to try is rotating the patch antenna 90 degrees.  I see a
solid, reproducible 0.7 dB difference, which matters with suboptimal locations.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA



<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Scott
<Sent: Saturday, October 15, 2016 10:12 PM
<To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
<Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
<
<Mike, my SNR values are not very representative of what someone might see
<because I have partial tree cover in that direction.
<
<But generally speaking, my SNR's have been as follows:
<
<> patch antenna:  2's with an occasional 3
<
<> TP-link 2.4GHz wi-fi dish:  6 to 8
<
<> 1m dish w/ helical feed:  11 to 12
<
<I'm using the Outernet LNA as well.  FYI, my signal improved dramatically
<when I switched from the Outernet dongle to a metal-case rtl-sdr.com TXCO
<dongle (please note that the bias-T will have to be enabled if you try one
<of those).
<
<-Scott,  K4KDR
<
<
<==============================================================
<
<-----Original Message-----
<From: Mike Hoblinski
<Sent: Saturday, October 15, 2016 10:35 PM
<To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
<Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
<
<I purchased the setup from Amazon and used the Raspberry Pi 3 board.
<Its only been running for about a day and its downloaded some of the WX
<info, APRS Lists, Pics, News. and Wiki lists. I am looking for a more
<suitable
<enclosure for outdoors.
<
<Its setup on a shelf about a foot in front of the window with Vertical
<plastic
<blinds closed and plastic window screen on the outside and it manages to
<get enough of a signal to download the packets.
<
<I do see a problem once my computer and monitor are powered up and possibly
<with the TV as well. I am powering it from the Raspberry PI wall wart for
<now but
<after a few days I want to try out my portable power pack and outdoor
<locations.
<
<The patch antenna is mounted on a plastic sheet with the L-Band Amp, SDR
<dongle, and Pi-3 on the other side. I have a tablet stand from the 99 cent
<store
<to tilt and aim the board for now.
<
<I was wondering what other users are seeing signal wise from their setup.
<Mine shows
<a SNR of only 2.8 and signal quality of around 3 to 4 on their setup screen
<but appears
<to do the job.
<
<Mike
<
<N6IMF
<
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From richard.siff at verizon.net  Sun Oct 16 13:11:08 2016
From: richard.siff at verizon.net (Rich/wa4bue)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 09:11:08 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] K4AMG LVB Tracker
In-Reply-To: <1AB76C2E64EA4A79A31E4C99A2BFC90B@kb2m4PC>
References: <006101d2278d$82cd72a0$886857e0$@bellsouth.net>
	<560D679CEE164A74B8BA1D2AD50870C9@BanjoPC>
	<1AB76C2E64EA4A79A31E4C99A2BFC90B@kb2m4PC>
Message-ID: <C737D9AAFB8146BEB6F5C760A75EBFC8@BanjoPC>

Thank you Jeff

Hope you visit our home page K4AMG.org.

a dummy, I did not bring the equipment manuals to the event.
The schematic gives the identifier for "U 1" but does not tell me what 
"Q1 -Q4" are nor does it give "R & C" values.

The station is stored at another location so I do not have the box to open 
and view.

We were operating solar power.

We will try that.

Thanks
Rich
W4BUE

-----Original Message----- 
From: Jeff
Sent: Sunday, October 16, 2016 7:34 AM
To: Rich/wa4bue
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] K4AMG LVB Tracker

Hi Rich,
Did you try to recalibrate? I used to have a problem with my LVBT up in NJ
losing calibration all the time. I  contacted AMSAT and they sent me a new
F/W chip, this resolved the problem...

73 Jeff kb2m


-----Original Message----- 
From: Rich/wa4bue
Sent: Sunday, October 16, 2016 6:10 AM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: [amsat-bb] K4AMG LVB Tracker

Yesterday at the an event we were operating a GOTA operation, it appears our
LVB Tracker about 4 - 5 years old failed on the rotor side.  The numbers
that correspond to the 5500 rotor did not track and the elevation rotor did
not respond.  The Azimuth rotor responded.  The 5500 rotor worked great
manually.  We did a test run 3 days before and all was well.

Anyone experience this problem????

God Bless

Rich
W4BUE
Founder K4AMG
K4AMG.org

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 


From hartzell at gmail.com  Sun Oct 16 14:52:02 2016
From: hartzell at gmail.com (Dave Hartzell)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 08:52:02 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <000001d227ab$a6c317a0$f44946e0$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<A471267B31EE4BCCA87C60127D3B96C7@CSI9020>
	<000001d227ab$a6c317a0$f44946e0$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <CAKKR=DG0U5MEzry196fRNwN-gax6LG_QTrS9VW0xmk3qYpXqOA@mail.gmail.com>

Interesting stuff.  I should get a station up today...

So, a question to the group:  what is the main area of interest?

APRS?  Weather info?  General Interest?  tinkering?



On Sun, Oct 16, 2016 at 6:48 AM, Alan <wa4sca at gmail.com> wrote:

> Scott,
>
> I moved the patch inside to a much less optimum location.  It looks
> through my thermopane glass past a
> post, and some leafy trees.  SNR dropped to 2-3, and I am now seeing some
> packet loss.  However, data
> is still flowing as before.  One thing to try is rotating the patch
> antenna 90 degrees.  I see a
> solid, reproducible 0.7 dB difference, which matters with suboptimal
> locations.
>
> 73s,
>
> Alan
> WA4SCA
>
>
>
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Scott
> <Sent: Saturday, October 15, 2016 10:12 PM
> <To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> <Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
> <
> <Mike, my SNR values are not very representative of what someone might see
> <because I have partial tree cover in that direction.
> <
> <But generally speaking, my SNR's have been as follows:
> <
> <> patch antenna:  2's with an occasional 3
> <
> <> TP-link 2.4GHz wi-fi dish:  6 to 8
> <
> <> 1m dish w/ helical feed:  11 to 12
> <
> <I'm using the Outernet LNA as well.  FYI, my signal improved dramatically
> <when I switched from the Outernet dongle to a metal-case rtl-sdr.com TXCO
> <dongle (please note that the bias-T will have to be enabled if you try one
> <of those).
> <
> <-Scott,  K4KDR
> <
> <
> <==============================================================
> <
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: Mike Hoblinski
> <Sent: Saturday, October 15, 2016 10:35 PM
> <To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> <Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
> <
> <I purchased the setup from Amazon and used the Raspberry Pi 3 board.
> <Its only been running for about a day and its downloaded some of the WX
> <info, APRS Lists, Pics, News. and Wiki lists. I am looking for a more
> <suitable
> <enclosure for outdoors.
> <
> <Its setup on a shelf about a foot in front of the window with Vertical
> <plastic
> <blinds closed and plastic window screen on the outside and it manages to
> <get enough of a signal to download the packets.
> <
> <I do see a problem once my computer and monitor are powered up and
> possibly
> <with the TV as well. I am powering it from the Raspberry PI wall wart for
> <now but
> <after a few days I want to try out my portable power pack and outdoor
> <locations.
> <
> <The patch antenna is mounted on a plastic sheet with the L-Band Amp, SDR
> <dongle, and Pi-3 on the other side. I have a tablet stand from the 99 cent
> <store
> <to tilt and aim the board for now.
> <
> <I was wondering what other users are seeing signal wise from their setup.
> <Mine shows
> <a SNR of only 2.8 and signal quality of around 3 to 4 on their setup
> screen
> <but appears
> <to do the job.
> <
> <Mike
> <
> <N6IMF
> <
> <_______________________________________________
> <Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> <are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> <Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Sun Oct 16 16:00:16 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 12:00:16 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SATpc32 parking frequency?
Message-ID: <5803A410.5080900@cfl.rr.com>

Has any one tried setting up SATpc32 to have a parking/return frequency 
when there's no satellite in range? I know that if you manually turn off 
the radio sat mode, that the rig (in this case my IC-910) will return to 
the frequencies it was tuned to before activating SATpc32.

I would like to fake a satellite that is always in range with low 
priority or find a way that when satellite passes are done and waiting 
on new passes, that SATpc32 would return to the frequencies it was on 
before activating the program.

Anyone done this?

Reid, W4UPD
Amsat: 17002




From amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net  Sun Oct 16 16:25:06 2016
From: amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net (Patrick STODDARD (WD9EWK/VA7EWK))
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 16:25:06 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] WD9EWK NPOTA stops today
Message-ID: <CAN6TEUcBD7mh=MFaeveDezkbosyJ6-bP+ngBxnPEYZtWD42N7g@mail.gmail.com>

Hi!

I am currently at the Point Reyes National Seashore, north of
San Francisco in CM88oa. This is NPOTA site SS10, and I will
work the next SO-50 pass at 1713 UTC here. If I make enough QSOs
for an official NPOTA activation, I will return to San Francisco for
the 3-NPOTA site at Fort Point, on the south end of the Golden
Gate Bridge (NS22, RC11, TR13) before leaving the Bay Area.
Watch my APRS track http://aprs.fi/WD9EWK-9 and my Twitter
feed http://twitter.com/WD9EWK for my location and updates
during the day. Will try any available passes, FM and SSB, to make
these activations.

73!





Patrick WD9EWK/VA7EWK
http://www.wd9ewk.net/
Twitter: @WD9EWK

From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sun Oct 16 17:35:12 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 12:35:12 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
Message-ID: <000001d227d3$a697e1c0$f3c7a540$@GMAIL.COM>

Reid,

You could fake up a geostationary satellite. Theoretically the Doppler shift would be zero.
Practically, very close to zero, depending on how good your tweaking is.

If you placed it below your horizon, say on the other side of the earth, the antennas would point at
the desired parking position between passes. The rig would remain in satellite mode however, but maybe
that is enough?

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA



<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of w4upd
<Sent: Sunday, October 16, 2016 11:00 AM
<To: amsat-bb <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
<Subject: [amsat-bb] SATpc32 parking frequency?
<
<Has any one tried setting up SATpc32 to have a parking/return frequency
<when there's no satellite in range? I know that if you manually turn off
<the radio sat mode, that the rig (in this case my IC-910) will return to
<the frequencies it was tuned to before activating SATpc32.
<
<I would like to fake a satellite that is always in range with low
<priority or find a way that when satellite passes are done and waiting
<on new passes, that SATpc32 would return to the frequencies it was on
<before activating the program.
<
<Anyone done this?
<
<Reid, W4UPD
<Amsat: 17002
<
<
<
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From lists at hatzakis.net  Sun Oct 16 18:40:07 2016
From: lists at hatzakis.net (Michael Hatzakis)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 11:40:07 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 bug
Message-ID: <006601d227dc$b81cf6c0$2856e440$@hatzakis.net>

Hi all,

I posted this with screen shots and perhaps it was rejected because of that,
so will try posting with plain text only:

I've been off the air for some years and am trying to slowly bring myself
back.  I since upgraded my old shack PC from WinXP to Win 7 and most of my
programs work, but I had to replace ARSWIN with ARSVCOM (I am using Pablo's
EA4TX ARS RCI-SE LPT board with my Yaesu AZ-ELE rotor)

I installed the newest version of ARSVCOM and it works great controlling my
RCI-SE board with a new SIIG LPT board.   I also re-installed SatPC32 and it
works fine too.

ARSVCOM creates a virtual port and it appears properly in the device
manager.  

I read the following FAQ:

http://www.eham.net/ehamforum/smf/index.php?action=printpage;topic=103053.0 

And ran the SDX program for SatPC32 and configured the SDX utility it to
COM9.   And when I run "Read Pos", it reads the proper position from the ARS
RCI board.  In SatPC32, I configured the Setup -> Rotor Setup to
Yaesu_GS-232 and "search" for ARSVCOM so it starts on SatPC32 startup and
stored the configs and restarted.

But SatPC32 still does not talk to ARSVCOM when I hit R+ or when I manually
park or position, it does not send the command to ARS board, any ideas what
could be wrong?

Michael  K3MH




From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Sun Oct 16 19:07:24 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Sun, 16 Oct 2016 15:07:24 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
In-Reply-To: <000001d227d3$a697e1c0$f3c7a540$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <000001d227d3$a697e1c0$f3c7a540$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <5803CFEC.7000509@cfl.rr.com>

It's a thought. I don't mind the sat mode as long as the idle 
frequencies and modes are the ones (2 meter and 70cm) are the ones I 
want to continue to monitor when not tracking an active satellite. I 
believe SATpc does allow prioritizing the satellites in the SQF files, 
so that could work making the fake geo bird a lower priority. WISP32 use 
to allow you to do this and use a priority number. However, using SATpc 
to control the rig now.

Still use WISP32 for a fast check on in range satellites. However, it 
goes flaky on Windows 10 64-bit sometimes and I have to renter at least 
one satellite and the rest show back up. It appears to be how the new 
registry is used by WISP32.

Will experiment some and see what I come up with.

Reid, W4UPD
Amsat: 17002


On 10/16/2016 1:35 PM, Alan wrote:
> Reid,
>
> You could fake up a geostationary satellite. Theoretically the Doppler shift would be zero.
> Practically, very close to zero, depending on how good your tweaking is.
>
> If you placed it below your horizon, say on the other side of the earth, the antennas would point at
> the desired parking position between passes. The rig would remain in satellite mode however, but maybe
> that is enough?
>
> 73s,
>
> Alan
> WA4SCA
>
>
>
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of w4upd
> <Sent: Sunday, October 16, 2016 11:00 AM
> <To: amsat-bb <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
> <Subject: [amsat-bb] SATpc32 parking frequency?
> <
> <Has any one tried setting up SATpc32 to have a parking/return frequency
> <when there's no satellite in range? I know that if you manually turn off
> <the radio sat mode, that the rig (in this case my IC-910) will return to
> <the frequencies it was tuned to before activating SATpc32.
> <
> <I would like to fake a satellite that is always in range with low
> <priority or find a way that when satellite passes are done and waiting
> <on new passes, that SATpc32 would return to the frequencies it was on
> <before activating the program.
> <
> <Anyone done this?
> <
> <Reid, W4UPD
> <Amsat: 17002
> <
> <
> <
> <_______________________________________________
> <Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>


From k8bl at ameritech.net  Mon Oct 17 02:07:49 2016
From: k8bl at ameritech.net (R.T.Liddy)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 02:07:49 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] CY9C LoTW?
References: <181994804.883496.1476670069162.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <181994804.883496.1476670069162@mail.yahoo.com>

The following was found on the latest Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin. Perhaps, the missing
QSOs are the ones from SAT QSOs that had "issues" with their logging software.
DE... ?Bob ?K8BL
CY9C ST. PAUL ISLAND DXPEDITION (Press Release/QSL Status). Randy, N0TG,
sent the following press release [edited]: QSL cards have been sent to
the printer. We estimate to start sending cards in next 3 - 4 weeks. LoTW
has been uploaded. Unfortunately, and mysteriously some data did not
upload to LoTW. We will investigate that and see what can be done after
we get finished with the distribution of QSL cards direct and Bureau.


From aayushyadav825 at gmail.com  Mon Oct 17 10:27:44 2016
From: aayushyadav825 at gmail.com (Aayush Yadav)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 15:57:44 +0530
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
In-Reply-To: <CAJCSnObU4Apgn5tTbX9kOqQ5TXzCLgUKD7ZP7ABQg77QiQPOGg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CALRS4Dw3D+5d0y_OLDK7FmoSSAuRXjStmR==n1OMBKoB-u0=vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<479663765.533929.1473274174846@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CALRS4DwgdZE4SWLPQf4yO8XQJ4_L==_1RDBvVXLmqF2Lg__a+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DwqP+HN5ZTB3-cw=aL36Wdm2rgXr3cFyrHh=O=YtcYGFg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DyAKm4r-K98C6pQEoRXQzpq=1JdJ-ZpWJ7dwg2zUNTtcA@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAJCSnObU4Apgn5tTbX9kOqQ5TXzCLgUKD7ZP7ABQg77QiQPOGg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CALRS4DwTRir9OySHTNsav6Zrc58Ev7f+qRFYYRTCG5-AKgV6Ug@mail.gmail.com>

Hello everyone,
Hope you all are doing good. When we were tracking Pratham today, we heard
a faint signal. The signal might have been weak possible because of the low
elevation of the pass. So we have a hope that the satellite might be active
again. Will it be possible for you to try tracking Pratham today?
Thanks,
Team Pratham


On Thu, Oct 6, 2016 at 8:36 PM, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:

> I had good elevation this morning (65?) at 14:52 UTC on the East Coast of
> the US but unfortunately nothing was heard on 145.980.
>
> -Scott,  K4KDR
>
>
>
> ====================
>
> On Wed, Oct 5, 2016 at 12:01 PM, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> > Hello all,
> >
> > Pratham has been identified as object 41783, 2016-059A. However we have
> not
> > been able to track the satellite with these TLE's. If you could please
> > track the satellite with these TLE's and confirm with us it would be
> really
> > appreciable. Thank you.
> >
> > Kind regards.
> > Team Pratham!
> >
> > On Sunday 25 September 2016, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
> > wrote:
> >
> > > Hello all,
> > >
> > > We are glad to inform you that Pratham, IITB's Student Satellite is
> > > expected to launch with the help of PSLV-C35 on 26th September, 2016 at
> > > 9:12 AM.
> > > ??
> > > The following are the TLE data for the satellite:
> > >
> > > 16005A      16270.25119097     0.00000311       00000-0     59418-4
>  0
> > >    1232
> > > 98.2057    329.0542    0028038    267.7677   9.1998   14.63716875    11
> > >
> > > Any update in these will be notified at the earliest. We would love you
> > > all to be a part of the project and help us in tracking our satellite.
> > > There are basically two downlink for the satellite, The beacon is
> > > estimated to switch on in the window of 25-30 degrees North and 4-8
> > degrees
> > > East as per the current TLE's. Once switched on, it will remain so
> > through
> > > out it's orbit. The telemetry data will be switched on only over France
> > and
> > > India because of our power constraints. If you could, please receive
> the
> > > beacon and/or telemetry of the satellite and report back to the mail
> id's
> > > as given below. The information for the satellite transmissions is
> given
> > > below,
> > >
> > > Beacon:
> > > Frequency: 145.98 MHz
> > > Modulation: CW
> > > Words per minute: 30
> > > Power Emitted: 0.2 W (23 dBm)
> > >
> > > Telemetry:
> > > To be switched on only over India and France
> > > Modulation: FSK
> > > Rate: 1200 bps
> > > Power Emitted: 0.06 W (18 dBm)
> > >
> > > For any other Information you may visit our website
> > > <http://www.aero.iitb.ac.in/pratham/>. Also feel free to contact our
> > > Communication and Ground station team, (Rachana Agarwal,
> > > rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com
> > > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com');>; and
> > Aayush
> > > Yadav, aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
> > > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>) for any
> > > queries you may have.
> > >
> > > On Thu, Sep 8, 2016 at 1:44 PM, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
> > > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>> wrote:
> > >
> > >> Hello,
> > >>
> > >> Thank you for your wishes.
> > >>
> > >> The FSK downlink contains only the health monitoring data of the
> > >> satellite and is used for payload calculations. IPGP university in
> > france
> > >> requested us for the payload data for their scientific research thus
> we
> > are
> > >> switching on the telemetry only over India and France.
> > >>
> > >> However the CW beacon will be on through out the orbit and can be
> > >> received from anywhere.
> > >>
> > >> Kind regards,
> > >> Team Pratham
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> On Thursday 8 September 2016, Nitin Muttin <vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in
> > >> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in');>> wrote:
> > >>
> > >>> Hi Team Pratham,
> > >>>
> > >>> Thanks for the update and will look forward for a successful launch
> and
> > >>> deployment of your satellite. Please share why the FSK downlink on
> > 437.455
> > >>> Mhz is activated over France and India.
> > >>>
> > >>> 73
> > >>> Nitin [VU3TYG]
> > >>> Secretary, AMSAT INDIA
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>> ------------------------------
> > >>> *From:* Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
> > >>> *To:* "amsat-bb at amsat.org" <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
> > >>> *Sent:* Wednesday, 7 September 2016 10:25 PM
> > >>> *Subject:* [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
> > >>>
> > >>> Greetings everyone,
> > >>>
> > >>> We, students of IIT Bombay, are glad to inform you that our project,
> > >>> Pratham, is ready and expected to launch with PSLV-C35 in the last
> week
> > >>> of
> > >>> September. We would be really happy if  you all joined us in
> receiving
> > >>> our
> > >>> satellite's beacon, details given below:
> > >>>
> > >>> Beacon:
> > >>> Mode: CW
> > >>> wpm: 35 words
> > >>> Frequency: 145.980 MHz
> > >>>
> > >>> Downlink:
> > >>> Mode: FSK
> > >>> Baudrate: 1200 bps
> > >>> Frequency: 437.455 MHz
> > >>> (To be switched on over France and India only)
> > >>>
> > >>> We will update the information as soon as TLE's will be available.
> > >>>
> > >>> Kind Regards.
> > >>> Team Pratham
> > >>>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From oh2fqv at gmail.com  Mon Oct 17 13:28:00 2016
From: oh2fqv at gmail.com (Jari A)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 16:28:00 +0300
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
In-Reply-To: <CALRS4DwTRir9OySHTNsav6Zrc58Ev7f+qRFYYRTCG5-AKgV6Ug@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CALRS4Dw3D+5d0y_OLDK7FmoSSAuRXjStmR==n1OMBKoB-u0=vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<479663765.533929.1473274174846@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CALRS4DwgdZE4SWLPQf4yO8XQJ4_L==_1RDBvVXLmqF2Lg__a+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DwqP+HN5ZTB3-cw=aL36Wdm2rgXr3cFyrHh=O=YtcYGFg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DyAKm4r-K98C6pQEoRXQzpq=1JdJ-ZpWJ7dwg2zUNTtcA@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAJCSnObU4Apgn5tTbX9kOqQ5TXzCLgUKD7ZP7ABQg77QiQPOGg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DwTRir9OySHTNsav6Zrc58Ev7f+qRFYYRTCG5-AKgV6Ug@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAEVbYfmo+v+kHyz_1PBycdn5VjsDg8rJ7Zh062C9UrdOfTxVrg@mail.gmail.com>

North pass near to Finland, from russia to greenland; No signal.

I will try next pass what comes almost directly over me. I will send a
message of results.

: Jari / OH2FQV

On Mon, Oct 17, 2016 at 1:27 PM, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
wrote:

> Hello everyone,
> Hope you all are doing good. When we were tracking Pratham today, we heard
> a faint signal. The signal might have been weak possible because of the low
> elevation of the pass. So we have a hope that the satellite might be active
> again. Will it be possible for you to try tracking Pratham today?
> Thanks,
> Team Pratham
>
>
> On Thu, Oct 6, 2016 at 8:36 PM, Scott <scott23192 at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> > I had good elevation this morning (65?) at 14:52 UTC on the East Coast of
> > the US but unfortunately nothing was heard on 145.980.
> >
> > -Scott,  K4KDR
> >
> >
> >
> > ====================
> >
> > On Wed, Oct 5, 2016 at 12:01 PM, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
> > wrote:
> >
> > > Hello all,
> > >
> > > Pratham has been identified as object 41783, 2016-059A. However we have
> > not
> > > been able to track the satellite with these TLE's. If you could please
> > > track the satellite with these TLE's and confirm with us it would be
> > really
> > > appreciable. Thank you.
> > >
> > > Kind regards.
> > > Team Pratham!
> > >
> > > On Sunday 25 September 2016, Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
> > > wrote:
> > >
> > > > Hello all,
> > > >
> > > > We are glad to inform you that Pratham, IITB's Student Satellite is
> > > > expected to launch with the help of PSLV-C35 on 26th September, 2016
> at
> > > > 9:12 AM.
> > > > ??
> > > > The following are the TLE data for the satellite:
> > > >
> > > > 16005A      16270.25119097     0.00000311       00000-0     59418-4
> >  0
> > > >    1232
> > > > 98.2057    329.0542    0028038    267.7677   9.1998   14.63716875
> 11
> > > >
> > > > Any update in these will be notified at the earliest. We would love
> you
> > > > all to be a part of the project and help us in tracking our
> satellite.
> > > > There are basically two downlink for the satellite, The beacon is
> > > > estimated to switch on in the window of 25-30 degrees North and 4-8
> > > degrees
> > > > East as per the current TLE's. Once switched on, it will remain so
> > > through
> > > > out it's orbit. The telemetry data will be switched on only over
> France
> > > and
> > > > India because of our power constraints. If you could, please receive
> > the
> > > > beacon and/or telemetry of the satellite and report back to the mail
> > id's
> > > > as given below. The information for the satellite transmissions is
> > given
> > > > below,
> > > >
> > > > Beacon:
> > > > Frequency: 145.98 MHz
> > > > Modulation: CW
> > > > Words per minute: 30
> > > > Power Emitted: 0.2 W (23 dBm)
> > > >
> > > > Telemetry:
> > > > To be switched on only over India and France
> > > > Modulation: FSK
> > > > Rate: 1200 bps
> > > > Power Emitted: 0.06 W (18 dBm)
> > > >
> > > > For any other Information you may visit our website
> > > > <http://www.aero.iitb.ac.in/pratham/>. Also feel free to contact our
> > > > Communication and Ground station team, (Rachana Agarwal,
> > > > rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com
> > > > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','rachna.agrawal.04 at gmail.com');>; and
> > > Aayush
> > > > Yadav, aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
> > > > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>) for any
> > > > queries you may have.
> > > >
> > > > On Thu, Sep 8, 2016 at 1:44 PM, Aayush Yadav <
> aayushyadav825 at gmail.com
> > > > <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','aayushyadav825 at gmail.com');>> wrote:
> > > >
> > > >> Hello,
> > > >>
> > > >> Thank you for your wishes.
> > > >>
> > > >> The FSK downlink contains only the health monitoring data of the
> > > >> satellite and is used for payload calculations. IPGP university in
> > > france
> > > >> requested us for the payload data for their scientific research thus
> > we
> > > are
> > > >> switching on the telemetry only over India and France.
> > > >>
> > > >> However the CW beacon will be on through out the orbit and can be
> > > >> received from anywhere.
> > > >>
> > > >> Kind regards,
> > > >> Team Pratham
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> On Thursday 8 September 2016, Nitin Muttin <vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in
> > > >> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','vu3tyg at yahoo.co.in');>> wrote:
> > > >>
> > > >>> Hi Team Pratham,
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Thanks for the update and will look forward for a successful launch
> > and
> > > >>> deployment of your satellite. Please share why the FSK downlink on
> > > 437.455
> > > >>> Mhz is activated over France and India.
> > > >>>
> > > >>> 73
> > > >>> Nitin [VU3TYG]
> > > >>> Secretary, AMSAT INDIA
> > > >>>
> > > >>>
> > > >>> ------------------------------
> > > >>> *From:* Aayush Yadav <aayushyadav825 at gmail.com>
> > > >>> *To:* "amsat-bb at amsat.org" <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
> > > >>> *Sent:* Wednesday, 7 September 2016 10:25 PM
> > > >>> *Subject:* [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Greetings everyone,
> > > >>>
> > > >>> We, students of IIT Bombay, are glad to inform you that our
> project,
> > > >>> Pratham, is ready and expected to launch with PSLV-C35 in the last
> > week
> > > >>> of
> > > >>> September. We would be really happy if  you all joined us in
> > receiving
> > > >>> our
> > > >>> satellite's beacon, details given below:
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Beacon:
> > > >>> Mode: CW
> > > >>> wpm: 35 words
> > > >>> Frequency: 145.980 MHz
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Downlink:
> > > >>> Mode: FSK
> > > >>> Baudrate: 1200 bps
> > > >>> Frequency: 437.455 MHz
> > > >>> (To be switched on over France and India only)
> > > >>>
> > > >>> We will update the information as soon as TLE's will be available.
> > > >>>
> > > >>> Kind Regards.
> > > >>> Team Pratham
> > > >>>
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions
> > expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> > AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> >
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From zleffke at vt.edu  Mon Oct 17 15:35:38 2016
From: zleffke at vt.edu (Zach Leffke)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 11:35:38 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
Message-ID: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>

Hello all,

     This might be slightly off topic, but I'm betting someone on this 
list can point me in the right direction.  I'm looking for ways to track 
spacecraft that are not in Earth Orbit (NEO?...did I just invent another 
acronym?...probably not.).  I'm trying to figure out ways to track man 
made space vehicles sent to places like the Moon, Mars, the Lagrange 
Points, and beyond.  As I understand it, TLEs + SGP4 are not the 
appropriate model for things not in the vicinity of Earth.  I'm hoping 
to find a similar technique though for looking up current orbital 
parameters for the Non-Earth satellites (like pulling TLEs from 
celestrak) in some kind of database that contains current elements for 
the spacecraft (NASA servers somewhere?), and then compute pointing 
angles from a location on earth so I can figure when and where to point 
an antenna to receive signals from these spacecraft.

I believe this may be relevant to those on this list that might be 
interested in tracking the Cube Quest Challenge amateur radio cubesat 
that will be sent to the moon in the near future.  After the trans-lunar 
injection burn, the cubesat will be ejected from the deployer.  I'd like 
to be able to track this satellite as it travels to the moon, and 
potentially help receive data from the bird's 10 GHz Downlink.  
But.......where do I point my antenna and when?

For spacecraft that are already orbiting the Moon, OK, easy enough.  
Unless the antenna has a very narrow beamwidth, I can use any 'ole EME 
tracking package to point my antenna 'at the moon' and with the 
beamwidths I'm working with, the satellite is probably in the main 
beam.  But what about the initial journey to the moon?  Also, for the 
CQC, the cubesat will not immediately enter Lunar orbit (that is where 
the 'Challenge' part comes in). So simply pointing at the Moon may not 
work reliably.

To get a little more detail......but hopefully not too much......

I like using a python module called 'pyephem' for all (well...most) 
things related to antenna pointing.  This handy module works well with 
TLE formats for Earth orbiters, contains a built in database for objects 
in the solar system, and a decent number of 'fixed' celestial objects 
like stars.  It has the ability to import new objects in the 'Xephem' 
format, for things like comets and other bodies.  If possible I'd like 
to use this feature to track other space probes like the Lunar 
Reconnaissance Orbiter, various Mars missions, Satellites at Lagrange 
Points (ACE/DISCOVR), etc. etc.

Does anyone on the list have experience with this type of thing that 
they might be willing to share?  I believe folks from AMSAT-DL 
participated in the ISEE-3 reboot mission, so how did they know when and 
where to point the Bochum antenna for this? Again, I'm looking for a 
technique that hopefully involves downloading current 'orbital 
parameters' of some standard format type (Like TLEs from celestrak, but 
for non Earth Orbiters) and then importing those parameters into pyephem 
(by possibly converting whatever gets downloaded into the 'Xephem' 
format?) in order to integrate this kind of capability into my current, 
python-based, tracking software.  Does anyone know of any publicly 
available databases that store current orbital or tracking data for 
non-earth orbiting spacecraft?  Any tutorials out there about the 
algorithms used to compute deep space spacecraft position from the 
orbital elements and thus the pointing angles (Like SGP4 + coordinate 
system math, but for non-earth orbiters)?  Any software libraries anyone 
is familiar with for this (I prefer python, but am open to other languages)?


Any and all advice, thoughts, info, papers, links, etc. would be greatly 
appreciated.


Sincerely,

Zach, KJ4QLP

-- 

Research Associate
Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Work Phone: 540-231-4174
Cell Phone: 540-808-6305


From joanne.k9jkm at gmail.com  Mon Oct 17 15:47:23 2016
From: joanne.k9jkm at gmail.com (JoAnne K9JKM)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 10:47:23 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Pratham: IITB Student Satellite
In-Reply-To: <CAEVbYfmo+v+kHyz_1PBycdn5VjsDg8rJ7Zh062C9UrdOfTxVrg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CALRS4Dw3D+5d0y_OLDK7FmoSSAuRXjStmR==n1OMBKoB-u0=vg@mail.gmail.com>
	<479663765.533929.1473274174846@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CALRS4DwgdZE4SWLPQf4yO8XQJ4_L==_1RDBvVXLmqF2Lg__a+A@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DwqP+HN5ZTB3-cw=aL36Wdm2rgXr3cFyrHh=O=YtcYGFg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DyAKm4r-K98C6pQEoRXQzpq=1JdJ-ZpWJ7dwg2zUNTtcA@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAJCSnObU4Apgn5tTbX9kOqQ5TXzCLgUKD7ZP7ABQg77QiQPOGg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CALRS4DwTRir9OySHTNsav6Zrc58Ev7f+qRFYYRTCG5-AKgV6Ug@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEVbYfmo+v+kHyz_1PBycdn5VjsDg8rJ7Zh062C9UrdOfTxVrg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <5804f281.5d856b0a.6745e.11c2@mx.google.com>

> North pass near to Finland, from russia to greenland; No signal.

No signal on 145.980 on 33 degree elevation pass near Chicago.

--
73 de JoAnne K9JKM
k9jkm at amsat.org



From hamsat at xs4all.nl  Mon Oct 17 21:08:26 2016
From: hamsat at xs4all.nl (Nico Janssen)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 23:08:26 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
In-Reply-To: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>
References: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>
Message-ID: <d3e3a91a-192b-d2f9-ed0a-c57667b45bd0@xs4all.nl>

Zach,

Good questions. In the near future deep space tracking will become vital
for radio amateurs. So we should prepare for that.

There are no simple solutions. But it may be helpful to start studying the
JPL HORIZONS system:
http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons

Tracking information on a number of deep space missions is provided by
this system, e.g. Cassini, DSCOVR, Juno, LRO, MRO and the Voyagers.

73,
Nico PA0DLO


On 17-10-16 17:35, Zach Leffke wrote:
> Hello all,
>
>     This might be slightly off topic, but I'm betting someone on this 
> list can point me in the right direction.  I'm looking for ways to 
> track spacecraft that are not in Earth Orbit (NEO?...did I just invent 
> another acronym?...probably not.).  I'm trying to figure out ways to 
> track man made space vehicles sent to places like the Moon, Mars, the 
> Lagrange Points, and beyond.  As I understand it, TLEs + SGP4 are not 
> the appropriate model for things not in the vicinity of Earth.  I'm 
> hoping to find a similar technique though for looking up current 
> orbital parameters for the Non-Earth satellites (like pulling TLEs 
> from celestrak) in some kind of database that contains current 
> elements for the spacecraft (NASA servers somewhere?), and then 
> compute pointing angles from a location on earth so I can figure when 
> and where to point an antenna to receive signals from these spacecraft.
>
> I believe this may be relevant to those on this list that might be 
> interested in tracking the Cube Quest Challenge amateur radio cubesat 
> that will be sent to the moon in the near future.  After the 
> trans-lunar injection burn, the cubesat will be ejected from the 
> deployer.  I'd like to be able to track this satellite as it travels 
> to the moon, and potentially help receive data from the bird's 10 GHz 
> Downlink.  But.......where do I point my antenna and when?
>
> For spacecraft that are already orbiting the Moon, OK, easy enough.  
> Unless the antenna has a very narrow beamwidth, I can use any 'ole EME 
> tracking package to point my antenna 'at the moon' and with the 
> beamwidths I'm working with, the satellite is probably in the main 
> beam.  But what about the initial journey to the moon?  Also, for the 
> CQC, the cubesat will not immediately enter Lunar orbit (that is where 
> the 'Challenge' part comes in). So simply pointing at the Moon may not 
> work reliably.
>
> To get a little more detail......but hopefully not too much......
>
> I like using a python module called 'pyephem' for all (well...most) 
> things related to antenna pointing.  This handy module works well with 
> TLE formats for Earth orbiters, contains a built in database for 
> objects in the solar system, and a decent number of 'fixed' celestial 
> objects like stars.  It has the ability to import new objects in the 
> 'Xephem' format, for things like comets and other bodies.  If possible 
> I'd like to use this feature to track other space probes like the 
> Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, various Mars missions, Satellites at 
> Lagrange Points (ACE/DISCOVR), etc. etc.
>
> Does anyone on the list have experience with this type of thing that 
> they might be willing to share?  I believe folks from AMSAT-DL 
> participated in the ISEE-3 reboot mission, so how did they know when 
> and where to point the Bochum antenna for this? Again, I'm looking for 
> a technique that hopefully involves downloading current 'orbital 
> parameters' of some standard format type (Like TLEs from celestrak, 
> but for non Earth Orbiters) and then importing those parameters into 
> pyephem (by possibly converting whatever gets downloaded into the 
> 'Xephem' format?) in order to integrate this kind of capability into 
> my current, python-based, tracking software.  Does anyone know of any 
> publicly available databases that store current orbital or tracking 
> data for non-earth orbiting spacecraft?  Any tutorials out there about 
> the algorithms used to compute deep space spacecraft position from the 
> orbital elements and thus the pointing angles (Like SGP4 + coordinate 
> system math, but for non-earth orbiters)?  Any software libraries 
> anyone is familiar with for this (I prefer python, but am open to 
> other languages)?
>
>
> Any and all advice, thoughts, info, papers, links, etc. would be 
> greatly appreciated.
>
>
> Sincerely,
>
> Zach, KJ4QLP
>


From jay.aa4fl at gmail.com  Mon Oct 17 21:31:17 2016
From: jay.aa4fl at gmail.com (Jay Garlitz)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 17:31:17 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] 2301z SO50 Oct. 17
Message-ID: <CAPLjiQ+hrWCUnN-CJRO3oRzXJhVLe=cj2iA0zMxhNHH+c958Ww@mail.gmail.com>

Here in FL41cu after a long day of travel.  Will try to fit in pass of SO50
if weather allows.

See you on more birds 10/20, but try to fit in a few passes before....

73, Jay AA4FL


-- 
Dr. Jay H. Garlitz, AA4FL

-President/CEO Connected World Internet Ventures, In.
-President-Elect, Medical Amateur Radio Council, *www.marco-ltd.org
<http://www.marco-ltd.org>*
-Courtesy Clinical Assoc. Professor, UF Dentistry, Dpt. Community Dentistry
-FCC Trustee, W4DFU at Univ. of Florida, since 2005, www.gatorradio.org.
 The Club Station of the Gator Amateur Radio Club, at UF since 1934
-member 2013 T33A Banaba Island Dxpedition, Central Pacific, www.t33a.com
-other past personal calls 3D2FL (Fiji), T30FL (Tarawa), T33FL (Banaba),

From olsonda1 at yahoo.com  Mon Oct 17 20:58:54 2016
From: olsonda1 at yahoo.com (Donald Olson)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 20:58:54 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 crashes
References: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>

Running XP with SatPC32 and the program does exactly what it is supposed to do with my IC-9100 and my Yaesu5 500 rotator.
However when I am finished for the day and go to close it, it tells me "Access Denied."? And then I have to reboot the machine to shut it down.? What a nuisance.? I have tried running the program in Administrator mode, no help.? I have tried closing it through Task Manager...same message, "Access Denied."
Anyone solved this problem?
I am getting close to making my first contact.? But the pileups are dense and cannot get back more than my call sign.? No QSO yet.

Don Olson WA5W


From glasbrenner at mindspring.com  Mon Oct 17 22:09:32 2016
From: glasbrenner at mindspring.com (Andrew Glasbrenner)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 18:09:32 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 crashes
In-Reply-To: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <A5DF4EF4-1F69-4FD4-9DAD-8DC1F4A40BA3@mindspring.com>

Off the cuff, are you running another program at the same time that is accessing the same com ports? I get this error occasionally in that scenario. 

73, Drew KO4MA

> On Oct 17, 2016, at 4:58 PM, Donald Olson via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org> wrote:
> 
> Running XP with SatPC32 and the program does exactly what it is supposed to do with my IC-9100 and my Yaesu5 500 rotator.
> However when I am finished for the day and go to close it, it tells me "Access Denied."  And then I have to reboot the machine to shut it down.  What a nuisance.  I have tried running the program in Administrator mode, no help.  I have tried closing it through Task Manager...same message, "Access Denied."
> Anyone solved this problem?
> I am getting close to making my first contact.  But the pileups are dense and cannot get back more than my call sign.  No QSO yet.
> 
> Don Olson WA5W
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From zleffke at vt.edu  Mon Oct 17 22:24:08 2016
From: zleffke at vt.edu (Zach Leffke)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 18:24:08 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
In-Reply-To: <d3e3a91a-192b-d2f9-ed0a-c57667b45bd0@xs4all.nl>
References: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>
	<d3e3a91a-192b-d2f9-ed0a-c57667b45bd0@xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <c1ab5993-762e-8d0f-eff2-50779e5c8956@vt.edu>

Thanks for the response Nico.  Pete, WA6WOA, also recommend I take a 
look at the Horizons system as well.  I gave it a quick once over, and 
actually logged into the telnet interface and played around a bit.  It 
definitely looks like the type of thing I'm looking for.  Next step for 
me is to learn the API and figure out how to integrate with my existing 
Python tools.  Also, changing how I think about satellite orbits and 
tracking algorithms is also probably a requirement for me (I'm an EE 
type, not an AOE type, so probably time to learn a little more about how 
these tracking algorithms actually work).

Not being familiar with the system yet (or deep space tracking in 
general), my only concern at the moment is the frequency with which they 
update the system.  TLEs get updated pretty regularly and need to be 
refreshed by the client software.  My cursory examination of the 
HORIZONS system seems to indicate that they give ephemerides that cover 
much longer windows, possibly indicating that they don't update the data 
as frequently? Hopefully there is something about Deep Space tracking 
that is different, not requiring such frequent updates.  I have a sense 
that I'm not thinking about 'scale' correctly yet.  Like maybe these 
objects are so far out, that errors that might creep into the SGP4+TLE 
algorithms relatively quickly (requiring the weekly or bi-weekly 
updates) take a lot longer to creep up and matter with the deep space 
trajectories.

My concern here is primarily related to the Cube Quest Challenge stuff.  
I think this is being launched as part of the Orion mission to the Moon 
in the next couple years.  Can we expect ephemeris data to be quickly 
added to the HORIZONS system soon after launch and after the TLI burn 
for the Orion mission?  Maybe I'm just wrong about how frequently they 
update the info.  Since this system is being run by JPL, I'm assuming 
(maybe hoping?) that the datasets on HORIZONS get updated every time 
they conduct ranging operations on active missions with the DSN (kind of 
like TLEs get updated every time NORAD does RADAR tracking for things 
closer in)?  Hopefully, this will then include the Orion Mission 
relatively quickly so that the community can quickly pull the tracking 
data required to compute pointing angles for their ground stations to 
monitor the CQC bird.

Thanks for the pointers folks.  In only a few emails, I've got some 
great stuff to look into, and a whole new area to look into and learn 
about!  Fun stuff!  Keep them coming!


Thanks,

Zach, KJ4QLP

Research Associate
Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Work Phone: 540-231-4174
Cell Phone: 540-808-6305

On 10/17/2016 5:08 PM, Nico Janssen wrote:
> Zach,
>
> Good questions. In the near future deep space tracking will become vital
> for radio amateurs. So we should prepare for that.
>
> There are no simple solutions. But it may be helpful to start studying 
> the
> JPL HORIZONS system:
> http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons
>
> Tracking information on a number of deep space missions is provided by
> this system, e.g. Cassini, DSCOVR, Juno, LRO, MRO and the Voyagers.
>
> 73,
> Nico PA0DLO
>
>
> On 17-10-16 17:35, Zach Leffke wrote:
>> Hello all,
>>
>>     This might be slightly off topic, but I'm betting someone on this 
>> list can point me in the right direction.  I'm looking for ways to 
>> track spacecraft that are not in Earth Orbit (NEO?...did I just 
>> invent another acronym?...probably not.).  I'm trying to figure out 
>> ways to track man made space vehicles sent to places like the Moon, 
>> Mars, the Lagrange Points, and beyond.  As I understand it, TLEs + 
>> SGP4 are not the appropriate model for things not in the vicinity of 
>> Earth.  I'm hoping to find a similar technique though for looking up 
>> current orbital parameters for the Non-Earth satellites (like pulling 
>> TLEs from celestrak) in some kind of database that contains current 
>> elements for the spacecraft (NASA servers somewhere?), and then 
>> compute pointing angles from a location on earth so I can figure when 
>> and where to point an antenna to receive signals from these spacecraft.
>>
>> I believe this may be relevant to those on this list that might be 
>> interested in tracking the Cube Quest Challenge amateur radio cubesat 
>> that will be sent to the moon in the near future.  After the 
>> trans-lunar injection burn, the cubesat will be ejected from the 
>> deployer.  I'd like to be able to track this satellite as it travels 
>> to the moon, and potentially help receive data from the bird's 10 GHz 
>> Downlink.  But.......where do I point my antenna and when?
>>
>> For spacecraft that are already orbiting the Moon, OK, easy enough.  
>> Unless the antenna has a very narrow beamwidth, I can use any 'ole 
>> EME tracking package to point my antenna 'at the moon' and with the 
>> beamwidths I'm working with, the satellite is probably in the main 
>> beam.  But what about the initial journey to the moon?  Also, for the 
>> CQC, the cubesat will not immediately enter Lunar orbit (that is 
>> where the 'Challenge' part comes in). So simply pointing at the Moon 
>> may not work reliably.
>>
>> To get a little more detail......but hopefully not too much......
>>
>> I like using a python module called 'pyephem' for all (well...most) 
>> things related to antenna pointing.  This handy module works well 
>> with TLE formats for Earth orbiters, contains a built in database for 
>> objects in the solar system, and a decent number of 'fixed' celestial 
>> objects like stars.  It has the ability to import new objects in the 
>> 'Xephem' format, for things like comets and other bodies.  If 
>> possible I'd like to use this feature to track other space probes 
>> like the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, various Mars missions, 
>> Satellites at Lagrange Points (ACE/DISCOVR), etc. etc.
>>
>> Does anyone on the list have experience with this type of thing that 
>> they might be willing to share?  I believe folks from AMSAT-DL 
>> participated in the ISEE-3 reboot mission, so how did they know when 
>> and where to point the Bochum antenna for this? Again, I'm looking 
>> for a technique that hopefully involves downloading current 'orbital 
>> parameters' of some standard format type (Like TLEs from celestrak, 
>> but for non Earth Orbiters) and then importing those parameters into 
>> pyephem (by possibly converting whatever gets downloaded into the 
>> 'Xephem' format?) in order to integrate this kind of capability into 
>> my current, python-based, tracking software.  Does anyone know of any 
>> publicly available databases that store current orbital or tracking 
>> data for non-earth orbiting spacecraft?  Any tutorials out there 
>> about the algorithms used to compute deep space spacecraft position 
>> from the orbital elements and thus the pointing angles (Like SGP4 + 
>> coordinate system math, but for non-earth orbiters)?  Any software 
>> libraries anyone is familiar with for this (I prefer python, but am 
>> open to other languages)?
>>
>>
>> Any and all advice, thoughts, info, papers, links, etc. would be 
>> greatly appreciated.
>>
>>
>> Sincerely,
>>
>> Zach, KJ4QLP
>>
>


From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Mon Oct 17 22:29:53 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 18:29:53 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 crashes
In-Reply-To: <A5DF4EF4-1F69-4FD4-9DAD-8DC1F4A40BA3@mindspring.com>
References: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
	<A5DF4EF4-1F69-4FD4-9DAD-8DC1F4A40BA3@mindspring.com>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9FdhwkSPJ7ezVgvUf9wkPK=D5HWKAypp1h-h9pwHn9miQw@mail.gmail.com>

I've had it happen recently on a laptop when it goes to sleep with it
running.

Dave-KB1PVH

Sent from my Galaxy S7

On Oct 17, 2016 6:09 PM, "Andrew Glasbrenner" <glasbrenner at mindspring.com>
wrote:

> Off the cuff, are you running another program at the same time that is
> accessing the same com ports? I get this error occasionally in that
> scenario.
>
> 73, Drew KO4MA
>
> > On Oct 17, 2016, at 4:58 PM, Donald Olson via AMSAT-BB <
> amsat-bb at amsat.org> wrote:
> >
> > Running XP with SatPC32 and the program does exactly what it is supposed
> to do with my IC-9100 and my Yaesu5 500 rotator.
> > However when I am finished for the day and go to close it, it tells me
> "Access Denied."  And then I have to reboot the machine to shut it down.
> What a nuisance.  I have tried running the program in Administrator mode,
> no help.  I have tried closing it through Task Manager...same message,
> "Access Denied."
> > Anyone solved this problem?
> > I am getting close to making my first contact.  But the pileups are
> dense and cannot get back more than my call sign.  No QSO yet.
> >
> > Don Olson WA5W
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From wa6fwf at gmail.com  Mon Oct 17 22:38:17 2016
From: wa6fwf at gmail.com (kevin schuchmann)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 15:38:17 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 crashes
In-Reply-To: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <d1ff788f-8746-fa32-937a-b189f7f87202@gmail.com>

    I have seen this before, the USB port has glitched, you can cause 
this by static or RF or a funky USB cable, anything that causes windows 
to recycle the port.

   Never ran my 9100 on XP, but I can tell you I have seen this on 7 and 
8.1,but with 8.1 you get a better audio driver that is not over-driven 
and you get a task manager than can close satpc32 without rebooting.

73

wa6fwf kevin



On 10/17/2016 1:58 PM, Donald Olson via AMSAT-BB wrote:
> Running XP with SatPC32 and the program does exactly what it is supposed to do with my IC-9100 and my Yaesu5 500 rotator.
> However when I am finished for the day and go to close it, it tells me "Access Denied."  And then I have to reboot the machine to shut it down.  What a nuisance.  I have tried running the program in Administrator mode, no help.  I have tried closing it through Task Manager...same message, "Access Denied."
> Anyone solved this problem?
> I am getting close to making my first contact.  But the pileups are dense and cannot get back more than my call sign.  No QSO yet.
>
> Don Olson WA5W
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From my.callsign at verizon.net  Tue Oct 18 00:03:02 2016
From: my.callsign at verizon.net (KO6TZ Bob)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 17:03:02 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 crashes
In-Reply-To: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <b61f0a58-6b4c-3fff-3d71-f10e0e8d2ef3@verizon.net>

Don,

Try closing the SatPC32 program first, then turn off the rotor and radio.

Some how I remember that from the past.


BOB
KO6TZ


From jay.aa4fl at gmail.com  Tue Oct 18 00:21:16 2016
From: jay.aa4fl at gmail.com (Jay Garlitz)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 20:21:16 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] VP5/AA4FL clublog
Message-ID: <CAPLjiQ+jx4zkTc_=VPR=FDh9tLovMcxheUxjnZdzi4=8AqRMbg@mail.gmail.com>

Data is being uploaded.  Most recent qso's are on my QRZ.com VP5/AA4FL page.

73,  Jay AA4FL


-- 
Dr. Jay H. Garlitz, AA4FL

-President/CEO Connected World Internet Ventures, In.
-President-Elect, Medical Amateur Radio Council, *www.marco-ltd.org
<http://www.marco-ltd.org>*
-Courtesy Clinical Assoc. Professor, UF Dentistry, Dpt. Community Dentistry
-FCC Trustee, W4DFU at Univ. of Florida, since 2005, www.gatorradio.org.
 The Club Station of the Gator Amateur Radio Club, at UF since 1934
-member 2013 T33A Banaba Island Dxpedition, Central Pacific, www.t33a.com
-other past personal calls 3D2FL (Fiji), T30FL (Tarawa), T33FL (Banaba),

From jay.aa4fl at gmail.com  Tue Oct 18 02:25:03 2016
From: jay.aa4fl at gmail.com (Jay Garlitz)
Date: Mon, 17 Oct 2016 22:25:03 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] VP5/AA4FL Photos
Message-ID: <CAPLjiQ+P8M87OYKkGsCcDzfWS9KzcfFks6SQ17Von+X6yUD0ow@mail.gmail.com>

Have posted some photos on my Facebook page.  Gives you an idea of where
your satellite contacts are coming from Oct 20-28.  Feel free to friend me
to see them.

73, Jay AA4FL


-- 
Dr. Jay H. Garlitz, AA4FL

-President/CEO Connected World Internet Ventures, In.
-President-Elect, Medical Amateur Radio Council, *www.marco-ltd.org
<http://www.marco-ltd.org>*
-Courtesy Clinical Assoc. Professor, UF Dentistry, Dpt. Community Dentistry
-FCC Trustee, W4DFU at Univ. of Florida, since 2005, www.gatorradio.org.
 The Club Station of the Gator Amateur Radio Club, at UF since 1934
-member 2013 T33A Banaba Island Dxpedition, Central Pacific, www.t33a.com
-other past personal calls 3D2FL (Fiji), T30FL (Tarawa), T33FL (Banaba),

From erich.eichmann at t-online.de  Tue Oct 18 06:13:57 2016
From: erich.eichmann at t-online.de (Erich Eichmann)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 08:13:57 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 crashes
In-Reply-To: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <83987457.1557891.1476737934642.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<83987457.1557891.1476737934642@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <91cf1c4a-3094-f9f1-00c5-28f97f2f8f7d@t-online.de>

Don,
the problem is caused by the built-in USB-to-Serial adapter of the 
IC-9100 in front of the CI-V interface of the radio. CAT control of the 
IC-9100 works completely flawlessly (like it does with the IC-910H) if 
you connect the radio via it's traditional CI-V jacket instead via one 
of the USB ports.   The built-in USB-to-Serial adapter in front of the 
CI-V CAT interface  is fed by the radio and not by the PC like external 
adapters. So, if you switch off the radio while CAT control is still  
working you have the same situation as if you unplug an external 
USB-to-Serial adapter while data exchange is running.
I don't have an IC-9100 at present. I loaned one for 4 months when I 
programmed the routines for the radio. I observed also the error. When I 
switched off the radio first (while CAT control was running)  I got the 
repeated message :
?Internal error retrieving device control block for the port?. I have 
mentioned that in the FAQs file (fig. 5 o). I tried to trap the error. 
The error routine should switch off CAT control (C-) to prevent a crash, 
if I remember correctly,  but I  don't know now how reliably  it  works.
So, as Bob, KO6TZ, wrote: switch off the program first or disable CAT 
control (C-) before you switch off the radio.  .

I steered the radio also via the CI-V jacket using a CAT cable (= 
USB-to-Serial adapter + interface for level conversion) and also used an 
external USB-to-Serial adapter + my Icom CAT interface.  That works 
absolutely lawlessly because the adapter is fed by the PC and remains 
fed when you switch off the radio.

73s, Erich, DK1TB


Am 17.10.2016 um 22:58 schrieb Donald Olson via AMSAT-BB:
> Running XP with SatPC32 and the program does exactly what it is supposed to do with my IC-9100 and my Yaesu5 500 rotator.
> However when I am finished for the day and go to close it, it tells me "Access Denied."  And then I have to reboot the machine to shut it down.  What a nuisance.  I have tried running the program in Administrator mode, no help.  I have tried closing it through Task Manager...same message, "Access Denied."
> Anyone solved this problem?
> I am getting close to making my first contact.  But the pileups are dense and cannot get back more than my call sign.  No QSO yet.
>
> Don Olson WA5W
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From AJ9N at aol.com  Tue Oct 18 09:07:24 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 05:07:24 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-18 09:00
	UTC
Message-ID: <703def.1c453587.4537404c@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-18  09:00 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Howell L. Watkins Middle School, Palm Beach Gardens FL,  direct via N4J 
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The  scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS 
Contact was successful: Mon  2016-10-17 16:08:01 UTC 83 deg  (***)

****************************************************************************
**

Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123 
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-18 09:00 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1090. (***)
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1055. (***)  
Each contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time slot.
Total  number of ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A complete year by  year breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-18 09:00 UTC.   
(***)

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From richard.siff at verizon.net  Tue Oct 18 11:52:42 2016
From: richard.siff at verizon.net (Rich/wa4bue)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 07:52:42 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule
In-Reply-To: <703def.1c453587.4537404c@aol.com>
References: <703def.1c453587.4537404c@aol.com>
Message-ID: <406A0BC379D443E4883B50DC781DDB7D@BanjoPC>

Good Morning

K4AMG Memorial Amateur Radio Club is working with Great Bridge HS in 
Chesapeake, VA for an ISS contact.  Our mentor for this contact is KN4KL.

Our equipment is available for use by other schools in the local area; 
however, weather our mentor is available is not certain.

R
W4BUE
Founder K4AMG

-----Original Message----- 
From: AJ9N--- via AMSAT-BB
Sent: Tuesday, October 18, 2016 5:07 AM
To: amsat-bb at AMSAT.Org
Cc: dweeks at peru.k12.in.us ; dmoon at peru.k12.in.us ; wv9o at comcast.net ; 
davidd at childrensmuseum.org ; dstief at peoriariverfrontmuseum.org ; 
knkfire at sbcglobal.net ; stan_mucha at yahoo.com ; markabalog at aol.com ; 
w9uvi at arrl.net ; mrcicchetti at me.com ; ae9p at arrl.net ; 
beckyw at childrensmuseum.org ; rkerrigan at peoriariverfrontmuseum.org ; 
perosky at purduecal.edu ; ka4deb at arrl.net ; k9byt at mcgarey.com ; pmotl at iuk.edu 
; srothenberg at msddecatur.k12.in.us ; mark at k9mq.com ; k9wwt at sbcglobal.net ; 
kerry0464 at comcast.net ; ke9tc at sbcglobal.net ; kf6kee at gmail.com ; 
Jennifer at childrensmuseum.org ; indycyndy at comcast.net ; dmeier at comcast.net
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-18 09:00 
UTC

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-18  09:00 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Howell L. Watkins Middle School, Palm Beach Gardens FL,  direct via N4J
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS
The  scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact was successful: Mon  2016-10-17 16:08:01 UTC 83 deg  (***)

****************************************************************************
**

Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a 
crew
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits 
will
determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large 
numbers  of
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education
plan.

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal
information and documents can be found at 
www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Ericsson radio unless otherwise  noted.

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?

If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.


http://www.ariss-eu.org/

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100

schools:

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123
Gaston ON4WF with 121
Francesco IK?WGF with 118


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are
additional
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed
time.
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date
and
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-18 09:00 UTC.
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Total number of  ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1090. (***)
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1055. (***)
Each contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time slot.
Total  number of ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47.

A complete year by  year breakdown of the contacts may be found in the
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-18 09:00 UTC.
(***)

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions 
expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 


From ei7m-wkt at asahi-net.or.jp  Tue Oct 18 12:43:46 2016
From: ei7m-wkt at asahi-net.or.jp (Mineo Wakita)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 21:43:46 +0900
Subject: [amsat-bb] QB50 project 2016 Update
Message-ID: <7F2A8E29B5DF4B7F8645D0528E328B22@OwnerPC>

QB50 will make use of three different launch campaign to complete the
orbital injection of all the CubeSats. Always aiming at the maximization
of the Mission Objectives, the identified launch scenario is structured
as follows:

QB50-DS,   6 CubeSats launched on a "Dnepr Science Flight"
           SSO @475km
           Dnepr Launcher
           Science Campaign
           Q3 2016
           
QB50-ISS,  40 CubeSats deployed from the "ISS"
           415km, 51.6deg
           Deployment from ISS
           Science Campaign & IOD
           Q4 2016
           
QB50-DIOD, 2 IOD CubeSats launched on a second Dnepr, the "Dnepr IOD Flight"
           SSO @550km
           Dnepr Launch
           IOD
           Q4 2016/Q1 2017

QB50 CubeSats Scenario and Schedule

http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018qb5.xls
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018q50.jpg
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018q51.jpg
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018q52.jpg
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018q53.jpg
(C)http://www.qb50.eu/

JE9PEL, Mineo Wakita

 

From chrisrstorey at gmail.com  Tue Oct 18 12:51:38 2016
From: chrisrstorey at gmail.com (Chris Storey)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 05:51:38 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] First time setting up SatPC32 with FT817
Message-ID: <CAFfH5S-kWpwVem_=nAJAzuNJ5vfY9mkRfud6R-U-kw3JVs5xow@mail.gmail.com>

I just installed and set up Sat32PC for the first time using a single FT817
(will be adding a second 817 and/or SDR dongle shortly) and have a some
questions.

How necessary/critical is the Doppler calibration for working the SSB sats
compared to the file that comes with the Sat32PC package? Is this
calibration "required" or "nice to have?" Can I use a copy of someone
else's calibration file, or will it be too far off to be of any real use
until I can get a good enough antenna system set up to do a proper
calibration on my own?

I am unable to find Fox-1A/AO-85 in the setup files released with the
latest release of Sat32PC. What parameters do I need to enter into the
setup file to get this one to show up in the list of available satellites?

When selecting the NOAA APT satellites, they show up in the lists but do
not set the FT817 to the downlink frequency. Is there something different I
need to do when selecting these satellites?

Thanks for you help! I have only been on the FM satellites with HT's and
this is my first foray into the linear satellites.I am very excited to
expand this portion of my hobby!

Chris Storey
KA6WNK
DM03 - Southern California

From hamsat at xs4all.nl  Tue Oct 18 13:45:36 2016
From: hamsat at xs4all.nl (Nico Janssen)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 15:45:36 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
In-Reply-To: <c1ab5993-762e-8d0f-eff2-50779e5c8956@vt.edu>
References: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>
	<d3e3a91a-192b-d2f9-ed0a-c57667b45bd0@xs4all.nl>
	<c1ab5993-762e-8d0f-eff2-50779e5c8956@vt.edu>
Message-ID: <84ef0635-7fe2-26e7-4e23-2c6c22b18e51@xs4all.nl>

Zach,

Don't worry too much about frequent updates of ephemerides. Deep
space spacecraft don't experience as many perturbations as satellites
in low Earth orbit, like (variable) atmospheric drag.

If you really want to dive into serious orbit modeling and tracking,
also for deep space, you should have a look at the General Mission
Analysis Tool (GMAT):
http://gmatcentral.org/display/GW/GMAT+Wiki+Home
http://gmatcentral.org/pages/viewrecentblogposts.action?key=GW
http://gmat.sourceforge.net/docs/

73,
Nico PA0DLO


On 18-10-16 00:24, Zach Leffke wrote:
> Thanks for the response Nico.  Pete, WA6WOA, also recommend I take a 
> look at the Horizons system as well.  I gave it a quick once over, and 
> actually logged into the telnet interface and played around a bit.  It 
> definitely looks like the type of thing I'm looking for.  Next step 
> for me is to learn the API and figure out how to integrate with my 
> existing Python tools.  Also, changing how I think about satellite 
> orbits and tracking algorithms is also probably a requirement for me 
> (I'm an EE type, not an AOE type, so probably time to learn a little 
> more about how these tracking algorithms actually work).
>
> Not being familiar with the system yet (or deep space tracking in 
> general), my only concern at the moment is the frequency with which 
> they update the system.  TLEs get updated pretty regularly and need to 
> be refreshed by the client software.  My cursory examination of the 
> HORIZONS system seems to indicate that they give ephemerides that 
> cover much longer windows, possibly indicating that they don't update 
> the data as frequently? Hopefully there is something about Deep Space 
> tracking that is different, not requiring such frequent updates.  I 
> have a sense that I'm not thinking about 'scale' correctly yet.  Like 
> maybe these objects are so far out, that errors that might creep into 
> the SGP4+TLE algorithms relatively quickly (requiring the weekly or 
> bi-weekly updates) take a lot longer to creep up and matter with the 
> deep space trajectories.
>
> My concern here is primarily related to the Cube Quest Challenge 
> stuff.  I think this is being launched as part of the Orion mission to 
> the Moon in the next couple years.  Can we expect ephemeris data to be 
> quickly added to the HORIZONS system soon after launch and after the 
> TLI burn for the Orion mission?  Maybe I'm just wrong about how 
> frequently they update the info.  Since this system is being run by 
> JPL, I'm assuming (maybe hoping?) that the datasets on HORIZONS get 
> updated every time they conduct ranging operations on active missions 
> with the DSN (kind of like TLEs get updated every time NORAD does 
> RADAR tracking for things closer in)?  Hopefully, this will then 
> include the Orion Mission relatively quickly so that the community can 
> quickly pull the tracking data required to compute pointing angles for 
> their ground stations to monitor the CQC bird.
>
> Thanks for the pointers folks.  In only a few emails, I've got some 
> great stuff to look into, and a whole new area to look into and learn 
> about!  Fun stuff!  Keep them coming!
>
>
> Thanks,
>
> Zach, KJ4QLP
>
> Research Associate
> Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
> Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
> Work Phone: 540-231-4174
> Cell Phone: 540-808-6305
>

From lw2dtz at yahoo.com.ar  Tue Oct 18 14:16:25 2016
From: lw2dtz at yahoo.com.ar (Gustavo Carpignano)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 14:16:25 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] QB50 project 2016 Update
In-Reply-To: <7F2A8E29B5DF4B7F8645D0528E328B22@OwnerPC>
References: <7F2A8E29B5DF4B7F8645D0528E328B22@OwnerPC>
Message-ID: <2075011751.2377818.1476800185204@mail.yahoo.com>

I understand that Dnepr rocket is out of game or at less delayed due the Ucranian /Russian conflict. So those fligths are delayed.
73 Gustavo. 

    El Martes, 18 de octubre, 2016 9:44:16, Mineo Wakita <ei7m-wkt at asahi-net.or.jp> escribi?:
 

 QB50 will make use of three different launch campaign to complete the
orbital injection of all the CubeSats. Always aiming at the maximization
of the Mission Objectives, the identified launch scenario is structured
as follows:

QB50-DS,? 6 CubeSats launched on a "Dnepr Science Flight"
? ? ? ? ? SSO @475km
? ? ? ? ? Dnepr Launcher
? ? ? ? ? Science Campaign
? ? ? ? ? Q3 2016
? ? ? ? ? 
QB50-ISS,? 40 CubeSats deployed from the "ISS"
? ? ? ? ? 415km, 51.6deg
? ? ? ? ? Deployment from ISS
? ? ? ? ? Science Campaign & IOD
? ? ? ? ? Q4 2016
? ? ? ? ? 
QB50-DIOD, 2 IOD CubeSats launched on a second Dnepr, the "Dnepr IOD Flight"
? ? ? ? ? SSO @550km
? ? ? ? ? Dnepr Launch
? ? ? ? ? IOD
? ? ? ? ? Q4 2016/Q1 2017

QB50 CubeSats Scenario and Schedule

http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018qb5.xls
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018q50.jpg
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018q51.jpg
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018q52.jpg
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/hamradio/je9pel/61018q53.jpg
(C)http://www.qb50.eu/

JE9PEL, Mineo Wakita

 
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


   

From k8bl at ameritech.net  Tue Oct 18 15:43:19 2016
From: k8bl at ameritech.net (R.T.Liddy)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 15:43:19 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] NS39 Activation 10/19
References: <183112726.2130637.1476805399814.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <183112726.2130637.1476805399814@mail.yahoo.com>

Grid/NPOTA Chasers,

I plan to activate NS39 tomorrow 10/19, if it doesn't rain.
SO-50 ?- My 15:18 Z Pass
FO-29 ?- My ?16:45 Z Pass ? (15 KHz up from center)
I'll use our Club Call ?- N8BC - since it is already set up for
that NPOTA Site in LoTW.

73, ? ? ?Bob ?K8BL ? ? (AMSAT #6593, since 1979)

From tosca005 at umn.edu  Tue Oct 18 16:16:07 2016
From: tosca005 at umn.edu (John Toscano)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 11:16:07 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
In-Reply-To: <84ef0635-7fe2-26e7-4e23-2c6c22b18e51@xs4all.nl>
References: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>
	<d3e3a91a-192b-d2f9-ed0a-c57667b45bd0@xs4all.nl>
	<c1ab5993-762e-8d0f-eff2-50779e5c8956@vt.edu>
	<84ef0635-7fe2-26e7-4e23-2c6c22b18e51@xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <CABGf72ptDFsxHoFRH-wPxpxFwa=hLrFFZxZaSxe8tTHhsaEN4Q@mail.gmail.com>

I  have wondered about Zach's question about tracking of bodies in other
than simple Earth orbit, particularly in Trans-Lunar Trajectory or Lunar
Orbit (as in the Cube Quest Challenge). I would be particularly interested
in a solution that could run on a PC without concurrent internet
connectivity. Are there any programs like that out there?

On Tue, Oct 18, 2016 at 8:45 AM, Nico Janssen <hamsat at xs4all.nl> wrote:

> Zach,
>
> Don't worry too much about frequent updates of ephemerides. Deep
> space spacecraft don't experience as many perturbations as satellites
> in low Earth orbit, like (variable) atmospheric drag.
>
> If you really want to dive into serious orbit modeling and tracking,
> also for deep space, you should have a look at the General Mission
> Analysis Tool (GMAT):
> http://gmatcentral.org/display/GW/GMAT+Wiki+Home
> http://gmatcentral.org/pages/viewrecentblogposts.action?key=GW
> http://gmat.sourceforge.net/docs/
>
> 73,
> Nico PA0DLO
>
>
> On 18-10-16 00:24, Zach Leffke wrote:
>
>> Thanks for the response Nico.  Pete, WA6WOA, also recommend I take a look
>> at the Horizons system as well.  I gave it a quick once over, and actually
>> logged into the telnet interface and played around a bit.  It definitely
>> looks like the type of thing I'm looking for.  Next step for me is to learn
>> the API and figure out how to integrate with my existing Python tools.
>> Also, changing how I think about satellite orbits and tracking algorithms
>> is also probably a requirement for me (I'm an EE type, not an AOE type, so
>> probably time to learn a little more about how these tracking algorithms
>> actually work).
>>
>> Not being familiar with the system yet (or deep space tracking in
>> general), my only concern at the moment is the frequency with which they
>> update the system.  TLEs get updated pretty regularly and need to be
>> refreshed by the client software.  My cursory examination of the HORIZONS
>> system seems to indicate that they give ephemerides that cover much longer
>> windows, possibly indicating that they don't update the data as frequently?
>> Hopefully there is something about Deep Space tracking that is different,
>> not requiring such frequent updates.  I have a sense that I'm not thinking
>> about 'scale' correctly yet.  Like maybe these objects are so far out, that
>> errors that might creep into the SGP4+TLE algorithms relatively quickly
>> (requiring the weekly or bi-weekly updates) take a lot longer to creep up
>> and matter with the deep space trajectories.
>>
>> My concern here is primarily related to the Cube Quest Challenge stuff.
>> I think this is being launched as part of the Orion mission to the Moon in
>> the next couple years.  Can we expect ephemeris data to be quickly added to
>> the HORIZONS system soon after launch and after the TLI burn for the Orion
>> mission?  Maybe I'm just wrong about how frequently they update the info.
>> Since this system is being run by JPL, I'm assuming (maybe hoping?) that
>> the datasets on HORIZONS get updated every time they conduct ranging
>> operations on active missions with the DSN (kind of like TLEs get updated
>> every time NORAD does RADAR tracking for things closer in)?  Hopefully,
>> this will then include the Orion Mission relatively quickly so that the
>> community can quickly pull the tracking data required to compute pointing
>> angles for their ground stations to monitor the CQC bird.
>>
>> Thanks for the pointers folks.  In only a few emails, I've got some great
>> stuff to look into, and a whole new area to look into and learn about!  Fun
>> stuff!  Keep them coming!
>>
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> Zach, KJ4QLP
>>
>> Research Associate
>> Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
>> Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
>> Work Phone: 540-231-4174
>> Cell Phone: 540-808-6305
>>
>> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From hamsat at xs4all.nl  Tue Oct 18 19:04:24 2016
From: hamsat at xs4all.nl (Nico Janssen)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 21:04:24 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
In-Reply-To: <CABGf72ptDFsxHoFRH-wPxpxFwa=hLrFFZxZaSxe8tTHhsaEN4Q@mail.gmail.com>
References: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>
	<d3e3a91a-192b-d2f9-ed0a-c57667b45bd0@xs4all.nl>
	<c1ab5993-762e-8d0f-eff2-50779e5c8956@vt.edu>
	<84ef0635-7fe2-26e7-4e23-2c6c22b18e51@xs4all.nl>
	<CABGf72ptDFsxHoFRH-wPxpxFwa=hLrFFZxZaSxe8tTHhsaEN4Q@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <2147cfdd-1e33-f453-9381-d3dae10a8cec@xs4all.nl>

John,

That is what everybody is looking for. But such programs do not
exist. That is why Zach is looking at possibilities to develop such
a solution for amateur use.

73,
Nico PA0DLO


On 18-10-16 18:16, John Toscano wrote:
> I  have wondered about Zach's question about tracking of bodies in other
> than simple Earth orbit, particularly in Trans-Lunar Trajectory or Lunar
> Orbit (as in the Cube Quest Challenge). I would be particularly interested
> in a solution that could run on a PC without concurrent internet
> connectivity. Are there any programs like that out there?
>
> On Tue, Oct 18, 2016 at 8:45 AM, Nico Janssen <hamsat at xs4all.nl> wrote:
>
>> Zach,
>>
>> Don't worry too much about frequent updates of ephemerides. Deep
>> space spacecraft don't experience as many perturbations as satellites
>> in low Earth orbit, like (variable) atmospheric drag.
>>
>> If you really want to dive into serious orbit modeling and tracking,
>> also for deep space, you should have a look at the General Mission
>> Analysis Tool (GMAT):
>> http://gmatcentral.org/display/GW/GMAT+Wiki+Home
>> http://gmatcentral.org/pages/viewrecentblogposts.action?key=GW
>> http://gmat.sourceforge.net/docs/
>>
>> 73,
>> Nico PA0DLO
>>
>>
>> On 18-10-16 00:24, Zach Leffke wrote:
>>
>>> Thanks for the response Nico.  Pete, WA6WOA, also recommend I take a look
>>> at the Horizons system as well.  I gave it a quick once over, and actually
>>> logged into the telnet interface and played around a bit.  It definitely
>>> looks like the type of thing I'm looking for.  Next step for me is to learn
>>> the API and figure out how to integrate with my existing Python tools.
>>> Also, changing how I think about satellite orbits and tracking algorithms
>>> is also probably a requirement for me (I'm an EE type, not an AOE type, so
>>> probably time to learn a little more about how these tracking algorithms
>>> actually work).
>>>
>>> Not being familiar with the system yet (or deep space tracking in
>>> general), my only concern at the moment is the frequency with which they
>>> update the system.  TLEs get updated pretty regularly and need to be
>>> refreshed by the client software.  My cursory examination of the HORIZONS
>>> system seems to indicate that they give ephemerides that cover much longer
>>> windows, possibly indicating that they don't update the data as frequently?
>>> Hopefully there is something about Deep Space tracking that is different,
>>> not requiring such frequent updates.  I have a sense that I'm not thinking
>>> about 'scale' correctly yet.  Like maybe these objects are so far out, that
>>> errors that might creep into the SGP4+TLE algorithms relatively quickly
>>> (requiring the weekly or bi-weekly updates) take a lot longer to creep up
>>> and matter with the deep space trajectories.
>>>
>>> My concern here is primarily related to the Cube Quest Challenge stuff.
>>> I think this is being launched as part of the Orion mission to the Moon in
>>> the next couple years.  Can we expect ephemeris data to be quickly added to
>>> the HORIZONS system soon after launch and after the TLI burn for the Orion
>>> mission?  Maybe I'm just wrong about how frequently they update the info.
>>> Since this system is being run by JPL, I'm assuming (maybe hoping?) that
>>> the datasets on HORIZONS get updated every time they conduct ranging
>>> operations on active missions with the DSN (kind of like TLEs get updated
>>> every time NORAD does RADAR tracking for things closer in)?  Hopefully,
>>> this will then include the Orion Mission relatively quickly so that the
>>> community can quickly pull the tracking data required to compute pointing
>>> angles for their ground stations to monitor the CQC bird.
>>>
>>> Thanks for the pointers folks.  In only a few emails, I've got some great
>>> stuff to look into, and a whole new area to look into and learn about!  Fun
>>> stuff!  Keep them coming!
>>>
>>>
>>> Thanks,
>>>
>>> Zach, KJ4QLP
>>>
>>> Research Associate
>>> Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
>>> Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
>>> Work Phone: 540-231-4174
>>> Cell Phone: 540-808-6305
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From k8bl at ameritech.net  Tue Oct 18 19:50:37 2016
From: k8bl at ameritech.net (R.T.Liddy)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 19:50:37 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Fw:  NS39 Activation 10/19
In-Reply-To: <CAKcwWq9FdgG0cC9mW1+hNg-FS5pC8xJXj-eyb9iNW8oNTb8aRA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <183112726.2130637.1476805399814.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<183112726.2130637.1476805399814@mail.yahoo.com>
	<CAKcwWq9FdgG0cC9mW1+hNg-FS5pC8xJXj-eyb9iNW8oNTb8aRA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <427827151.2327157.1476820237774@mail.yahoo.com>

Jerry.... ?NS39 is the ARRL NPOTA designator for the James Garfield
Presidential Home Site of the National Park Service in Mentor, OH.
73, ? ?Bob ?K8BL
See the N8BC page on QRZ.com for more info on NS39.

     
----- Forwarded Message -----
 From: Jerry Ehlers <w0sat2 at gmail.com>
Sent: Tuesday, October 18, 2016 12:57 PM
 Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] NS39 Activation 10/19
   
BoB;: what kind of bird is the NS39??
?????????????????? wosat Jerry

On Tue, Oct 18, 2016 at 10:43 AM, R.T.Liddy <k8bl at ameritech.net> wrote:

Grid/NPOTA Chasers,

I plan to activate NS39 tomorrow 10/19, if it doesn't rain.
SO-50 ?- My 15:18 Z Pass
FO-29 ?- My ?16:45 Z Pass ? (15 KHz up from center)
I'll use our Club Call ?- N8BC - since it is already set up for
that NPOTA Site in LoTW.

73, ? ? ?Bob ?K8BL ? ? (AMSAT #6593, since 1979)
______________________________ _________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/ listinfo/amsat-bb




   

From nss at mwt.net  Tue Oct 18 21:56:12 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 16:56:12 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] HRD Sat Track TLE's
Message-ID: <d0d2ef1a-982f-df82-d8a2-9720f5de3ccb@mwt.net>

Where does this program store the TLE's on the hard drive.

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com

From peter at m3php.com  Tue Oct 18 22:03:03 2016
From: peter at m3php.com (Peter Goodhall)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 23:03:03 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] HRD Sat Track TLE's
In-Reply-To: <d0d2ef1a-982f-df82-d8a2-9720f5de3ccb@mwt.net>
References: <d0d2ef1a-982f-df82-d8a2-9720f5de3ccb@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <CAFvUaioc9DEODA5riTj9kGqLa+TjQ1vOB0uqto6Hm-H_1GqVFA@mail.gmail.com>

It's stored within the appdata folder within your user profile.

if you launch run then execute "%appdata%/satpc32" it should load the
folder for SatPC32 and the TLEs are in the Kepler folder

On 18 October 2016 at 22:56, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
> Where does this program store the TLE's on the hard drive.
>
> Joe WB9SBD
> --
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



-- 
Peter Goodhall, 2E0SQL

From k7trkradio at charter.net  Wed Oct 19 00:03:56 2016
From: k7trkradio at charter.net (Ted)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 17:03:56 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] ISS via UISS & AGW Broken
Message-ID: <001d01d2299c$4964b760$dc2e2620$@charter.net>

Hello,

 

In the past I was successfully digipeating the ISS using my KPC3+, UISS and
AGW Packet engine. After a MB and HD change, I lost the setup. I also lost
AGW or at least messed it up, so I downloaded again. On start, I get a
'copyright violation' box and it closes.

 

So, how can I get past the 'copyright violation' message or is there a
better way to digipeat using other programs

 

Any help appreciated

 

73, Ted

K7TRK


From skristof at etczone.com  Wed Oct 19 00:29:43 2016
From: skristof at etczone.com (skristof at etczone.com)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 20:29:43 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ISS via UISS & AGW Broken
In-Reply-To: <001d01d2299c$4964b760$dc2e2620$@charter.net>
References: <001d01d2299c$4964b760$dc2e2620$@charter.net>
Message-ID: <b71ba40bd465ca30bdbbaebbc05cdbd5@etczone.com>

I use DireWolf and UISS for packet via ISS. I've never tried anything
else, so I can't say if it's better or not, but it works fine for me. 

Steve AI9IN

On 2016-10-18 20:03, Ted wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> In the past I was successfully digipeating the ISS using my KPC3+, UISS and
> AGW Packet engine. After a MB and HD change, I lost the setup. I also lost
> AGW or at least messed it up, so I downloaded again. On start, I get a
> 'copyright violation' box and it closes.
> 
> So, how can I get past the 'copyright violation' message or is there a
> better way to digipeat using other programs
> 
> Any help appreciated
> 
> 73, Ted
> 
> K7TRK
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From n4csitwo at bellsouth.net  Wed Oct 19 00:46:23 2016
From: n4csitwo at bellsouth.net (n4csitwo at bellsouth.net)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 20:46:23 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] AMSAT Forum at the 2016 Melbourne Hamfest - Friday,
	Oct. 21, 2016
Message-ID: <1B913B92C9F94CE985EEA88B8EE7A6D2@DHJ>

The Melbourne, FL Hamfest will be held this Friday and Saturday, Oct. 21 and 22, 2016.
Melbourne Hamfest is one of the largest hamfests held in Florida and is located about an hour southeast of Orlando, between Cocoa Beach and Vero Beach. 

The hamfest is scheduled to open at 1:00pm on Friday afternoon giving you plenty of time to visit the tailgate and tables inside before the AMSAT Forum which you won't want to miss. 
We've all been hearing about a Geosynchronous satellite project in the works  
The AMSAT Forum will be presented by Wally Ritchie, WU1Y on Friday, Oct. 21 at 4:30pm in Forum Room A located in the NE Room of the Auditorium. 
Wally's talk is titled AMSAT 4B - The Geosynchronous Ham Satellite for the Americas.
Wally is deeply involved in development tasks dealing with AMSAT 4B and will discuss it's current status and looks forward to answering your questions concerning the project.

AMSAT plans to be on hand on Saturday in the main auditorium with AMSAT materials and answering general questions you may have current AMSAT operations.   

General information on the Melbourne, FL Hamfest and it's location can be found at www.pcars.org. 

The weather is supposed to be ideal both days. 

Hope to see everyone there. 

Dave, AA4KN
AMSAT area coordinator in Central Florida
ARISS mentor
ARISS PR







---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

From skristof at etczone.com  Wed Oct 19 01:05:40 2016
From: skristof at etczone.com (skristof at etczone.com)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 21:05:40 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ISS via UISS & AGW Broken
In-Reply-To: <002501d229a2$4e4e97e0$eaebc7a0$@charter.net>
References: <001d01d2299c$4964b760$dc2e2620$@charter.net>
	<b71ba40bd465ca30bdbbaebbc05cdbd5@etczone.com>
	<002501d229a2$4e4e97e0$eaebc7a0$@charter.net>
Message-ID: <6a018df3176cb574028dc82ec213ead6@etczone.com>

This page, from the TAPR website has a link: 

http://www.tapr.org/pipermail/aprssig/2015-October/044896.html 

I cannot attest to the safety of the site, but TAPR is, of course, a
reputable organization. I don't remember where I downloaded DireWolf
from. It was a while ago. 

Hopefully, other AMSAT folks can step up and confirm this site or offer
an alternative. 

Steve

On 2016-10-18 20:46, Ted wrote:

> Tnx, Steve. Would you know of a good safe site to download direwolf?
> 
> 73, Ted
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of
> skristof at etczone.com
> Sent: Tuesday, October 18, 2016 5:30 PM
> To: Ted
> Cc: 'AMSAT-BB'
> Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] ISS via UISS & AGW Broken
> 
> I use DireWolf and UISS for packet via ISS. I've never tried anything else,
> so I can't say if it's better or not, but it works fine for me. 
> 
> Steve AI9IN
> 
> On 2016-10-18 20:03, Ted wrote:
> 
>> Hello,
>> 
>> In the past I was successfully digipeating the ISS using my KPC3+, 
>> UISS and AGW Packet engine. After a MB and HD change, I lost the 
>> setup. I also lost AGW or at least messed it up, so I downloaded 
>> again. On start, I get a 'copyright violation' box and it closes.
>> 
>> So, how can I get past the 'copyright violation' message or is there a 
>> better way to digipeat using other programs
>> 
>> Any help appreciated
>> 
>> 73, Ted
>> 
>> K7TRK
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>> Opinions expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the
> official views of AMSAT-NA. 
> 
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to all
> interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
> views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From claudio at ariotti.com  Wed Oct 19 01:23:04 2016
From: claudio at ariotti.com (Claudio Ariotti - IK1SLD)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 03:23:04 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] R:  ISS via UISS & AGW Broken
Message-ID: <2v7wsf622fnitgpdey6ep1py.1476840133698@email.android.com>

Hello Ted,

I found this:

AGWPE tries to start but then a "Copyright Violation" box appears. I click "OK", but the program then closes.?

The?AGWPE.SYS?file is missing from your AGWPE folder. You can reinstall the entire program from the zip file or just theAGWPE.SYS?file. (The AGWPE.SYS file has the date of the program, so don't use the AGWPE.SYS file from another version. It will display the wrong version date when you start the program.)?

Here you can found all information about AGW install

http://www.k9pq.com/2009/08/blog-post-11-packet-radio-by-agw-packet.html?m=1

73' ?Claudio ?IK1SLD



-------- Messaggio originale --------
Da: Ted <k7trkradio at charter.net> 
Data:  
A: 'AMSAT-BB' <amsat-bb at amsat.org> 
Oggetto: [amsat-bb] ISS via UISS & AGW Broken 
 
Hello,



In the past I was successfully digipeating the ISS using my KPC3+, UISS and
AGW Packet engine. After a MB and HD change, I lost the setup. I also lost
AGW or at least messed it up, so I downloaded again. On start, I get a
'copyright violation' box and it closes.



So, how can I get past the 'copyright violation' message or is there a
better way to digipeat using other programs



Any help appreciated



73, Ted

K7TRK

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From jim at coloradosatellite.com  Wed Oct 19 03:22:16 2016
From: jim at coloradosatellite.com (Jim White)
Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 21:22:16 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] repair of G5500
Message-ID: <349dcfc8-eec8-633c-2e4e-83081e3f6b9d@coloradosatellite.com>

Who repairs Yeasu G5500's now days?



From wouterweg at gmail.com  Wed Oct 19 14:58:28 2016
From: wouterweg at gmail.com (Wouter Weggelaar)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 16:58:28 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] repair of G5500
In-Reply-To: <349dcfc8-eec8-633c-2e4e-83081e3f6b9d@coloradosatellite.com>
References: <349dcfc8-eec8-633c-2e4e-83081e3f6b9d@coloradosatellite.com>
Message-ID: <CAKXf1rHgeQcudyfmtSntCMjUVt6HXDVVjugCdksDWdwrkOZKkA@mail.gmail.com>

Jim, are you asking who still does it, or are you asking for someone
to do it for you?

I still repair mine if needed, and I know some people that keep theirs
going as well. There is plenty of info on the net.

Wouter PA3WEG

On Wed, Oct 19, 2016 at 5:22 AM, Jim White <jim at coloradosatellite.com> wrote:
> Who repairs Yeasu G5500's now days?
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From kellyrkeeton at gmail.com  Wed Oct 19 15:04:36 2016
From: kellyrkeeton at gmail.com (Kelly Keeton)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 08:04:36 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] repair of G5500
In-Reply-To: <CAKXf1rHgeQcudyfmtSntCMjUVt6HXDVVjugCdksDWdwrkOZKkA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <349dcfc8-eec8-633c-2e4e-83081e3f6b9d@coloradosatellite.com>
	<CAKXf1rHgeQcudyfmtSntCMjUVt6HXDVVjugCdksDWdwrkOZKkA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <21F2809B-34AF-4AFC-AAB3-5E4C32B95E9C@gmail.com>

I just added a 5600 to my equipment - what goes wrong with them? I re-packed the rotators with little trouble. 

Sent from a mobile device. 

> On Oct 19, 2016, at 7:58 AM, Wouter Weggelaar <wouterweg at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Jim, are you asking who still does it, or are you asking for someone
> to do it for you?
> 
> I still repair mine if needed, and I know some people that keep theirs
> going as well. There is plenty of info on the net.
> 
> Wouter PA3WEG
> 
>> On Wed, Oct 19, 2016 at 5:22 AM, Jim White <jim at coloradosatellite.com> wrote:
>> Who repairs Yeasu G5500's now days?
>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From rolf.krogstad at gmail.com  Wed Oct 19 15:07:08 2016
From: rolf.krogstad at gmail.com (Rolf Krogstad)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 10:07:08 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] repair of G5500
In-Reply-To: <349dcfc8-eec8-633c-2e4e-83081e3f6b9d@coloradosatellite.com>
References: <349dcfc8-eec8-633c-2e4e-83081e3f6b9d@coloradosatellite.com>
Message-ID: <CAJJyj=YHBf1ttHxUYD+UBWMvCepYBywpPB8o0MeXZ9_3Mm=YPA@mail.gmail.com>

Try contacting Larry Kramer k6vlf 785 at pon.net

He repaired mine in July 2015 and did a very good job at a very reasonable
price.

73
Rolf NR0T
EN34

On Oct 18, 2016 10:22 PM, "Jim White" <jim at coloradosatellite.com> wrote:

> Who repairs Yeasu G5500's now days?
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From jim at coloradosatellite.com  Wed Oct 19 15:20:25 2016
From: jim at coloradosatellite.com (Jim White)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 09:20:25 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] repair of G5500
In-Reply-To: <CAKXf1rHgeQcudyfmtSntCMjUVt6HXDVVjugCdksDWdwrkOZKkA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <349dcfc8-eec8-633c-2e4e-83081e3f6b9d@coloradosatellite.com>
	<CAKXf1rHgeQcudyfmtSntCMjUVt6HXDVVjugCdksDWdwrkOZKkA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <2533b332-7d88-2778-e805-57029fdefdeb@coloradosatellite.com>

I'm looking for someone who repairs them. The U of Colorado folks have a 
broken AZ unit that they would like to get fixed if possible.

Jim


On 10/19/2016 8:58 AM, Wouter Weggelaar wrote:
> Jim, are you asking who still does it, or are you asking for someone
> to do it for you?
>
> I still repair mine if needed, and I know some people that keep theirs
> going as well. There is plenty of info on the net.
>
> Wouter PA3WEG
>
> On Wed, Oct 19, 2016 at 5:22 AM, Jim White <jim at coloradosatellite.com> wrote:
>> Who repairs Yeasu G5500's now days?
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From martha at amsat.org  Wed Oct 19 15:26:43 2016
From: martha at amsat.org (Martha)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 11:26:43 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Rooms Available
Message-ID: <CAPk0USykoo9nGaie=X7hS_4+C51brvfFAzNYf19cyGqiCs-pMg@mail.gmail.com>

AMSAT has 7 rooms available at the DoubleTree in Galveston for the AMSAT
BOD meeting.  The cost is $119 for single or double. The dates are Tues
11/8 - Thurs 11/10.  Minimum stay is 2 nights. If you are interested in
staying with the group several days before the cruise , please call Martha
for the special code (301-822-4376)

-- 
73- Martha

From wb3csy at gmail.com  Wed Oct 19 16:03:20 2016
From: wb3csy at gmail.com (Rick Walter)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 12:03:20 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1AA7C79D-ED1C-4599-BD51-97AB00BB2BA4@gmail.com>

Since reading about the Outernet, I am becoming more curious. I have a Funcube Dongle Pro + connected to my discone antenna going into my windows 7 laptop, running SDR Console. I am hearing a signal that sounds like data with about 2-3 second breaks every so often. The frequency is 1,539.793 MHz and I have the decode in Data USB 24 KHz bandwidth. The signal is -60 dBM on the signal strength meter. Is it possible I am hearing this signal from the bird or could it be a local source? I already have 4 versions of the Raspberry Pi but figured this would be a reason to purchase the version 3! We all need a good excuse to present to the XYL. 

When using the programs to calculate my pointing direction for the bird, I get two different numbers for the azimuth with two different programs. The elevation is the same. I wish all the programs would accept E or W longitude instead of the 0 to 360 degrees. I guess that makes it easier for the programmer but they usually allow you to give N or S latitude. 

Finally, I keep thinking if I get all the components to grab this data, is it really worth it other than to say I did it? Thanks for any guidance or comments. 
Rick - WB3CSY

Sent from Rick's iPhone 6S
"Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds" - Albert Einstein

"Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic" - Arthur C. Clarke
> 

From howied231 at hotmail.com  Wed Oct 19 20:03:26 2016
From: howied231 at hotmail.com (Howie DeFelice)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 20:03:26 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
In-Reply-To: <c1ab5993-762e-8d0f-eff2-50779e5c8956@vt.edu>
References: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>
	<d3e3a91a-192b-d2f9-ed0a-c57667b45bd0@xs4all.nl>,
	<c1ab5993-762e-8d0f-eff2-50779e5c8956@vt.edu>
Message-ID: <BN6PR17MB1202EA68CF9C48A5F936A85DE7D20@BN6PR17MB1202.namprd17.prod.outlook.com>

Hi Zach,


Part of the CQC mission is that each team needs to be able to do orbital determination. Part of the communications package for the Heimdallr satellite that AMSAT is participating in will be a method to determine satellite range and range-rate. We will have accurate information from the launch provider concerning where the satellite is and it's trajectory at the moment of separation. From that point on we need to "dead reckon" the position based on distance and speed measurements form the ranging measurements. Hams will be an important part of this process since the more measurements we can get from places as far apart as possible will increase the accuracy of the measurement. These measurements will allow us to place the satellite in a position in a known reference frame. If we place the earth in the same reference plane we can determine the azimuth and elevation from a point on the earth. We should be able to predict where the satellite should be at all times based on the range and range-rate measurements. I am not an expert on the subject, but this is what I was able to get from listening to the experts. :)


Howie AB2S


________________________________
From: AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org> on behalf of Zach Leffke <zleffke at vt.edu>
Sent: Monday, October 17, 2016 6:24 PM
To: Nico Janssen; amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?

Thanks for the response Nico.  Pete, WA6WOA, also recommend I take a
look at the Horizons system as well.  I gave it a quick once over, and
actually logged into the telnet interface and played around a bit.  It
definitely looks like the type of thing I'm looking for.  Next step for
me is to learn the API and figure out how to integrate with my existing
Python tools.  Also, changing how I think about satellite orbits and
tracking algorithms is also probably a requirement for me (I'm an EE
type, not an AOE type, so probably time to learn a little more about how
these tracking algorithms actually work).

Not being familiar with the system yet (or deep space tracking in
general), my only concern at the moment is the frequency with which they
update the system.  TLEs get updated pretty regularly and need to be
refreshed by the client software.  My cursory examination of the
HORIZONS system seems to indicate that they give ephemerides that cover
much longer windows, possibly indicating that they don't update the data
as frequently? Hopefully there is something about Deep Space tracking
that is different, not requiring such frequent updates.  I have a sense
that I'm not thinking about 'scale' correctly yet.  Like maybe these
objects are so far out, that errors that might creep into the SGP4+TLE
algorithms relatively quickly (requiring the weekly or bi-weekly
updates) take a lot longer to creep up and matter with the deep space
trajectories.

My concern here is primarily related to the Cube Quest Challenge stuff.
I think this is being launched as part of the Orion mission to the Moon
in the next couple years.  Can we expect ephemeris data to be quickly
added to the HORIZONS system soon after launch and after the TLI burn
for the Orion mission?  Maybe I'm just wrong about how frequently they
update the info.  Since this system is being run by JPL, I'm assuming
(maybe hoping?) that the datasets on HORIZONS get updated every time
they conduct ranging operations on active missions with the DSN (kind of
like TLEs get updated every time NORAD does RADAR tracking for things
closer in)?  Hopefully, this will then include the Orion Mission
relatively quickly so that the community can quickly pull the tracking
data required to compute pointing angles for their ground stations to
monitor the CQC bird.

Thanks for the pointers folks.  In only a few emails, I've got some
great stuff to look into, and a whole new area to look into and learn
about!  Fun stuff!  Keep them coming!


Thanks,

Zach, KJ4QLP

Research Associate
Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Work Phone: 540-231-4174
Cell Phone: 540-808-6305

On 10/17/2016 5:08 PM, Nico Janssen wrote:
> Zach,
>
> Good questions. In the near future deep space tracking will become vital
> for radio amateurs. So we should prepare for that.
>
> There are no simple solutions. But it may be helpful to start studying
> the
> JPL HORIZONS system:
> http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons
HORIZONS System<http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons>
ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
JPL's Horizons system description and related links.


>
> Tracking information on a number of deep space missions is provided by
> this system, e.g. Cassini, DSCOVR, Juno, LRO, MRO and the Voyagers.
>
> 73,
> Nico PA0DLO
>
>
> On 17-10-16 17:35, Zach Leffke wrote:
>> Hello all,
>>
>>     This might be slightly off topic, but I'm betting someone on this
>> list can point me in the right direction.  I'm looking for ways to
>> track spacecraft that are not in Earth Orbit (NEO?...did I just
>> invent another acronym?...probably not.).  I'm trying to figure out
>> ways to track man made space vehicles sent to places like the Moon,
>> Mars, the Lagrange Points, and beyond.  As I understand it, TLEs +
>> SGP4 are not the appropriate model for things not in the vicinity of
>> Earth.  I'm hoping to find a similar technique though for looking up
>> current orbital parameters for the Non-Earth satellites (like pulling
>> TLEs from celestrak) in some kind of database that contains current
>> elements for the spacecraft (NASA servers somewhere?), and then
>> compute pointing angles from a location on earth so I can figure when
>> and where to point an antenna to receive signals from these spacecraft.
>>
>> I believe this may be relevant to those on this list that might be
>> interested in tracking the Cube Quest Challenge amateur radio cubesat
>> that will be sent to the moon in the near future.  After the
>> trans-lunar injection burn, the cubesat will be ejected from the
>> deployer.  I'd like to be able to track this satellite as it travels
>> to the moon, and potentially help receive data from the bird's 10 GHz
>> Downlink.  But.......where do I point my antenna and when?
>>
>> For spacecraft that are already orbiting the Moon, OK, easy enough.
>> Unless the antenna has a very narrow beamwidth, I can use any 'ole
>> EME tracking package to point my antenna 'at the moon' and with the
>> beamwidths I'm working with, the satellite is probably in the main
>> beam.  But what about the initial journey to the moon?  Also, for the
>> CQC, the cubesat will not immediately enter Lunar orbit (that is
>> where the 'Challenge' part comes in). So simply pointing at the Moon
>> may not work reliably.
>>
>> To get a little more detail......but hopefully not too much......
>>
>> I like using a python module called 'pyephem' for all (well...most)
>> things related to antenna pointing.  This handy module works well
>> with TLE formats for Earth orbiters, contains a built in database for
>> objects in the solar system, and a decent number of 'fixed' celestial
>> objects like stars.  It has the ability to import new objects in the
>> 'Xephem' format, for things like comets and other bodies.  If
>> possible I'd like to use this feature to track other space probes
>> like the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, various Mars missions,
>> Satellites at Lagrange Points (ACE/DISCOVR), etc. etc.
>>
>> Does anyone on the list have experience with this type of thing that
>> they might be willing to share?  I believe folks from AMSAT-DL
>> participated in the ISEE-3 reboot mission, so how did they know when
>> and where to point the Bochum antenna for this? Again, I'm looking
>> for a technique that hopefully involves downloading current 'orbital
>> parameters' of some standard format type (Like TLEs from celestrak,
>> but for non Earth Orbiters) and then importing those parameters into
>> pyephem (by possibly converting whatever gets downloaded into the
>> 'Xephem' format?) in order to integrate this kind of capability into
>> my current, python-based, tracking software.  Does anyone know of any
>> publicly available databases that store current orbital or tracking
>> data for non-earth orbiting spacecraft?  Any tutorials out there
>> about the algorithms used to compute deep space spacecraft position
>> from the orbital elements and thus the pointing angles (Like SGP4 +
>> coordinate system math, but for non-earth orbiters)?  Any software
>> libraries anyone is familiar with for this (I prefer python, but am
>> open to other languages)?
>>
>>
>> Any and all advice, thoughts, info, papers, links, etc. would be
>> greatly appreciated.
>>
>>
>> Sincerely,
>>
>> Zach, KJ4QLP
>>
>

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
AMSAT-BB Info Page<http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>
www.amsat.org
To see the collection of prior postings to the list, visit the AMSAT-BB Archives. Using AMSAT-BB: To post a message to all the list members, send ...



From john at papays.com  Wed Oct 19 20:14:55 2016
From: john at papays.com (John Papay)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 16:14:55 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] VP5/AA4FL LOTW
Message-ID: <20161019201503.2C9789B8F@lansing182.amsat.org>

Jay, VP5/AA4FL, is doing a great job working
FM and SSB Half Duplex with a FT817.  I
worked him this morning from Arizona (K8YSE/7)
and uploaded the qso to LOTW.  The contact was
confirmed 62 minutes after it was made!
Congratulations to Jay for letting us know
that we are in the log!  Be sure to work him
as VP5 is rare on satellites.
73,
John K8YSE/7


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus


From tfdavis at snet.net  Wed Oct 19 20:27:29 2016
From: tfdavis at snet.net (Thomas F Davis)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 20:27:29 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
In-Reply-To: <BN6PR17MB1202EA68CF9C48A5F936A85DE7D20@BN6PR17MB1202.namprd17.prod.outlook.com>
References: <0afb7f40-2f07-84a1-9c6c-f240f32e87f3@vt.edu>
	<d3e3a91a-192b-d2f9-ed0a-c57667b45bd0@xs4all.nl>
	<c1ab5993-762e-8d0f-eff2-50779e5c8956@vt.edu>
	<BN6PR17MB1202EA68CF9C48A5F936A85DE7D20@BN6PR17MB1202.namprd17.prod.outlook.com>
Message-ID: <208809990.3196645.1476908849491@mail.yahoo.com>

See the Basics of Space Flight (esp. Chapters 17 and 18, the link is to Chapter 1): 
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/basics/bsf1-1.php


There are many books available, all are expensive
Here is one not yet released:?https://www.amazon.com/Orbital-Mechanics-Astrodynamics-Techniques-Missions/dp/3319351729/ref=sr_1_16?ie=UTF8&qid=1476908215&sr=8-16&keywords=spacecraft+navigation

There is a really good one at my museum, I'll check on it when I'm back in on Saturday


 

    On Wednesday, October 19, 2016 4:03 PM, Howie DeFelice <howied231 at hotmail.com> wrote:
 

 Hi Zach,


Part of the CQC mission is that each team needs to be able to do orbital determination. Part of the communications package for the Heimdallr satellite that AMSAT is participating in will be a method to determine satellite range and range-rate. We will have accurate information from the launch provider concerning where the satellite is and it's trajectory at the moment of separation. From that point on we need to "dead reckon" the position based on distance and speed measurements form the ranging measurements. Hams will be an important part of this process since the more measurements we can get from places as far apart as possible will increase the accuracy of the measurement. These measurements will allow us to place the satellite in a position in a known reference frame. If we place the earth in the same reference plane we can determine the azimuth and elevation from a point on the earth. We should be able to predict where the satellite should be at all times based on the ra
 nge and range-rate measurements. I am not an expert on the subject, but this is what I was able to get from listening to the experts. :)


Howie AB2S


________________________________
From: AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org> on behalf of Zach Leffke <zleffke at vt.edu>
Sent: Monday, October 17, 2016 6:24 PM
To: Nico Janssen; amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?

Thanks for the response Nico.? Pete, WA6WOA, also recommend I take a
look at the Horizons system as well.? I gave it a quick once over, and
actually logged into the telnet interface and played around a bit.? It
definitely looks like the type of thing I'm looking for.? Next step for
me is to learn the API and figure out how to integrate with my existing
Python tools.? Also, changing how I think about satellite orbits and
tracking algorithms is also probably a requirement for me (I'm an EE
type, not an AOE type, so probably time to learn a little more about how
these tracking algorithms actually work).

Not being familiar with the system yet (or deep space tracking in
general), my only concern at the moment is the frequency with which they
update the system.? TLEs get updated pretty regularly and need to be
refreshed by the client software.? My cursory examination of the
HORIZONS system seems to indicate that they give ephemerides that cover
much longer windows, possibly indicating that they don't update the data
as frequently? Hopefully there is something about Deep Space tracking
that is different, not requiring such frequent updates.? I have a sense
that I'm not thinking about 'scale' correctly yet.? Like maybe these
objects are so far out, that errors that might creep into the SGP4+TLE
algorithms relatively quickly (requiring the weekly or bi-weekly
updates) take a lot longer to creep up and matter with the deep space
trajectories.

My concern here is primarily related to the Cube Quest Challenge stuff.
I think this is being launched as part of the Orion mission to the Moon
in the next couple years.? Can we expect ephemeris data to be quickly
added to the HORIZONS system soon after launch and after the TLI burn
for the Orion mission?? Maybe I'm just wrong about how frequently they
update the info.? Since this system is being run by JPL, I'm assuming
(maybe hoping?) that the datasets on HORIZONS get updated every time
they conduct ranging operations on active missions with the DSN (kind of
like TLEs get updated every time NORAD does RADAR tracking for things
closer in)?? Hopefully, this will then include the Orion Mission
relatively quickly so that the community can quickly pull the tracking
data required to compute pointing angles for their ground stations to
monitor the CQC bird.

Thanks for the pointers folks.? In only a few emails, I've got some
great stuff to look into, and a whole new area to look into and learn
about!? Fun stuff!? Keep them coming!


Thanks,

Zach, KJ4QLP

Research Associate
Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Work Phone: 540-231-4174
Cell Phone: 540-808-6305

On 10/17/2016 5:08 PM, Nico Janssen wrote:
> Zach,
>
> Good questions. In the near future deep space tracking will become vital
> for radio amateurs. So we should prepare for that.
>
> There are no simple solutions. But it may be helpful to start studying
> the
> JPL HORIZONS system:
> http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons
HORIZONS System<http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?horizons>
ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
JPL's Horizons system description and related links.


>
> Tracking information on a number of deep space missions is provided by
> this system, e.g. Cassini, DSCOVR, Juno, LRO, MRO and the Voyagers.
>
> 73,
> Nico PA0DLO
>
>
> On 17-10-16 17:35, Zach Leffke wrote:
>> Hello all,
>>
>>? ? This might be slightly off topic, but I'm betting someone on this
>> list can point me in the right direction.? I'm looking for ways to
>> track spacecraft that are not in Earth Orbit (NEO?...did I just
>> invent another acronym?...probably not.).? I'm trying to figure out
>> ways to track man made space vehicles sent to places like the Moon,
>> Mars, the Lagrange Points, and beyond.? As I understand it, TLEs +
>> SGP4 are not the appropriate model for things not in the vicinity of
>> Earth.? I'm hoping to find a similar technique though for looking up
>> current orbital parameters for the Non-Earth satellites (like pulling
>> TLEs from celestrak) in some kind of database that contains current
>> elements for the spacecraft (NASA servers somewhere?), and then
>> compute pointing angles from a location on earth so I can figure when
>> and where to point an antenna to receive signals from these spacecraft.
>>
>> I believe this may be relevant to those on this list that might be
>> interested in tracking the Cube Quest Challenge amateur radio cubesat
>> that will be sent to the moon in the near future.? After the
>> trans-lunar injection burn, the cubesat will be ejected from the
>> deployer.? I'd like to be able to track this satellite as it travels
>> to the moon, and potentially help receive data from the bird's 10 GHz
>> Downlink.? But.......where do I point my antenna and when?
>>
>> For spacecraft that are already orbiting the Moon, OK, easy enough.
>> Unless the antenna has a very narrow beamwidth, I can use any 'ole
>> EME tracking package to point my antenna 'at the moon' and with the
>> beamwidths I'm working with, the satellite is probably in the main
>> beam.? But what about the initial journey to the moon?? Also, for the
>> CQC, the cubesat will not immediately enter Lunar orbit (that is
>> where the 'Challenge' part comes in). So simply pointing at the Moon
>> may not work reliably.
>>
>> To get a little more detail......but hopefully not too much......
>>
>> I like using a python module called 'pyephem' for all (well...most)
>> things related to antenna pointing.? This handy module works well
>> with TLE formats for Earth orbiters, contains a built in database for
>> objects in the solar system, and a decent number of 'fixed' celestial
>> objects like stars.? It has the ability to import new objects in the
>> 'Xephem' format, for things like comets and other bodies.? If
>> possible I'd like to use this feature to track other space probes
>> like the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, various Mars missions,
>> Satellites at Lagrange Points (ACE/DISCOVR), etc. etc.
>>
>> Does anyone on the list have experience with this type of thing that
>> they might be willing to share?? I believe folks from AMSAT-DL
>> participated in the ISEE-3 reboot mission, so how did they know when
>> and where to point the Bochum antenna for this? Again, I'm looking
>> for a technique that hopefully involves downloading current 'orbital
>> parameters' of some standard format type (Like TLEs from celestrak,
>> but for non Earth Orbiters) and then importing those parameters into
>> pyephem (by possibly converting whatever gets downloaded into the
>> 'Xephem' format?) in order to integrate this kind of capability into
>> my current, python-based, tracking software.? Does anyone know of any
>> publicly available databases that store current orbital or tracking
>> data for non-earth orbiting spacecraft?? Any tutorials out there
>> about the algorithms used to compute deep space spacecraft position
>> from the orbital elements and thus the pointing angles (Like SGP4 +
>> coordinate system math, but for non-earth orbiters)?? Any software
>> libraries anyone is familiar with for this (I prefer python, but am
>> open to other languages)?
>>
>>
>> Any and all advice, thoughts, info, papers, links, etc. would be
>> greatly appreciated.
>>
>>
>> Sincerely,
>>
>> Zach, KJ4QLP
>>
>

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
AMSAT-BB Info Page<http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb>
www.amsat.org
To see the collection of prior postings to the list, visit the AMSAT-BB Archives. Using AMSAT-BB: To post a message to all the list members, send ...


_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


   

From daniel at destevez.net  Wed Oct 19 21:40:40 2016
From: daniel at destevez.net (Dani EA4GPZ)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 23:40:40 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <1AA7C79D-ED1C-4599-BD51-97AB00BB2BA4@gmail.com>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<1AA7C79D-ED1C-4599-BD51-97AB00BB2BA4@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <739376b1-cfc2-edfc-b408-0db0230c2f5f@destevez.net>

El 19/10/16 a las 18:03, Rick Walter escribi?:
> Since reading about the Outernet, I am becoming more curious. I have
> a Funcube Dongle Pro + connected to my discone antenna going into my
> windows 7 laptop, running SDR Console. I am hearing a signal that
> sounds like data with about 2-3 second breaks every so often. The
> frequency is 1,539.793 MHz and I have the decode in Data USB 24 KHz
> bandwidth. The signal is -60 dBM on the signal strength meter. Is it
> possible I am hearing this signal from the bird or could it be a
> local source? I already have 4 versions of the Raspberry Pi but
> figured this would be a reason to purchase the version 3! We all need
> a good excuse to present to the XYL.

Hi Rick,

The signal you describe doesn't seem to me like Outernet's signal.
Outernet's signal is a bit more than 4kHz wide and it doesn't have any
breaks in it.

-60dBm on your SDR software doesn't really mean anything unless you have
calibrated your signal meter (and -60dBm would be way too high for
Outernet's signal). What is strength of the noise floor?

Some 10's of kHz above Outernet you have 2 other signals from the same
Inmarsat satellite. They are a bit narrower than Outernet and much more
stronger (perhaps 10dB even). I would use those to check if you hear the
bird.

I haven't run the numbers, but I wouldn't expect that you'll be able to
hear Outernet with a discone and no LNA. In my experience the FUNcube
Dongle Pro+ is not very good at 1.5GHz (but I haven't done any serious
tests), and if you have a long cable run from the antenna to the dongle,
then you definitely need an LNA.

By the way, Outernet's software doesn't support the FUNcube dongle, only
the RTL-SDR or MiriSDR. You may want to look at
https://github.com/daniestevez/gr-outernet
which supports any SDR that works in GNUradio.

> Finally, I keep thinking if I get all the components to grab this
> data, is it really worth it other than to say I did it? Thanks for
> any guidance or comments. Rick - WB3CSY

That's something you'll have to decide for yourself. What you currently
get is:

* An hourly small file with a listing of all APRS packets sent through
satellites or the ISS and all APRS packets containing the word OUTNET.
* Some grib files with the weather (most useful to sailors)
* Some other weather data
* Random (most popular) wikipedia pages

Most of the bandwidth is spent with wikipedia pages, and the bandwidth
is not so high: you can only get about 15MB worth of files per day.

Of course you could get the same content on the internet.

If you just want to see how it looks like, I have several brief SDR
recordings and recordings of Outernet frames that can be used with
https://github.com/daniestevez/free-outernet/

One reason to get the hardware for Outernet (LNA and perhaps patch
antenna) is that it can be used used not only to receive Outernet but
many other things on the L-band.


73,

Dani EA4GPZ.

From kl7uw at acsalaska.net  Wed Oct 19 22:06:21 2016
From: kl7uw at acsalaska.net (Edward R Cole)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 14:06:21 -0800
Subject: [amsat-bb] Tracking Non Earth Orbit Spacecraft......how?
Message-ID: <201610192206.u9JM6Lft031458@mail42c28.carrierzone.com>

Its been awhile since the Manfred Memorial Moon Mission 4M, but I 
tracked it on its loop around the moon on 145.980-MHz using JT65B 
digital mode which is std for 2m-eme (so there were a lot of stations 
capable of receiving the signal).

I used my 4x M2-XP20 (four x-yagi) eme array for tracking.  Luxspace 
who managed the mission, provided az-el and Doppler predicts but 
there was a lot of signal searching as predicts didn't exactly match 
the actual trajectory path.

But it was certainly fun and real magic to watch the signal disappear 
when it passed behind the Moon!  CQC will be a whole 'nuther 
experience.  I'm planning for that as details develop.

look under March - 2015 http://www.kl7uw.com/mw10g.htm

73, Ed - KL7UW
http://www.kl7uw.com
     "Kits made by KL7UW"
Dubus Mag business:
     dubususa at gmail.com


From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Thu Oct 20 02:08:54 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2016 21:08:54 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] En15 activation
Message-ID: <8ABE1DC9-A959-4C1A-9CDD-C64593828C05@gmail.com>

I will be in en15 tomorrow (Thursday) for a business project. I plan on being active in So50 in the 00:00z pass. May be able to activate en14 on Friday morning. 

Chad 
KG0MW


Sent from my iPhone

From n8hm at arrl.net  Thu Oct 20 10:44:21 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 06:44:21 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] N2YTF/VP9 on SO-50
Message-ID: <CABzOSOqH1_YGYhoF4ayvOZJDrJZ2CFcsBL+78a8YFH2Ff=Bx9w@mail.gmail.com>

Good morning,

Last night I worked Tom, N2YTF/VP9, in Bermuda on SO-50. He plans to be on
passes today and tomorrow with a Kenwood TH-D72A and a Diamond RH77CA whip
antenna.

It's been a while since Bermuda has been on satellite, so look for him.

73,

Paul, N8HM

From pedro at dutrasousa.name  Thu Oct 20 11:16:22 2016
From: pedro at dutrasousa.name (pedro at dutrasousa.name)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 11:16:22 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Crossed polarity dual band single feed yagi
Message-ID: <20161020111622.Horde._eyU21K69A-o32c3Geu5Qib@webmail.satavirtual.org>

Hi all,

The best of ham radio is that you can build and experiment.

My current portable yagi is a dualband single fed (VHF element) home  
built, from DK7ZB designs, 4+5 elements version. VHF has 9.25dB gain  
1.03SWR, UHF 8.67dB 1.12SWR.
It works like a charm.

Now that I'm on the final stages of condo permits for a tower -  
although it's a tower on top of the building there are still space  
limitations - my goal is to build a crossed polarity set of my  
portable antenna. Something similar to what Gulf Alpha had, but  
instead of 4 feed points, one for each band/polarisation, I'll have  
only two, combined into one impedance matched feed line to the shack.

Due to the required materials for the feed points and the elements  
positions I came up with 2 versions where the vertical antenna is  
ahead of the horizontal by 3 inches and 16 inches. My understanding is  
that circular polarisation would require a specific position for the  
vertical antenna plus the proper cable circuit for it.
I'm aware that RHCP would give me a stable signal reception, rather  
than my setup even tilted 45 degrees instead of plain  
horizontal/vertical. I saw PU3GUO report on his VHF only antenna while  
receiving ANDE.

I've ran the model in 4nec2 for the two options, 145MHz and 435MHz,  
and using 5W. Here are my findings.

3 inches separation:

VHF
Both antennas 1.03SWR
Combined gain 9.25dB

UHF
Both antennas 1.12SWR
Combined gain 8.67dB

16 inches separation:

VHF
Both antennas 1.03SWR
Combined gain 9.24dB

UHF
Horizontal antenna 1.12SWR; Vertical antenna 1.49SWR
Combined gain 8.27dB


My conclusion is that advancing the vertical antenna by so many inches  
will result in interference from the horizontal one in such way that  
the gain is lower and SWR increases.
Gain in UHF is lower, expected as same happens in my current portable  
antenna, and that's because it's being fed in the VHF element.

Has anyone built something similar that can share any comments?
Would there be any other configuration possible for a single boom?

Thanks in advance.

73s de Pedro
CU2ZG, HM77



-- 
This message has been scanned for viruses and
dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
believed to be clean.


From jay.aa4fl at gmail.com  Thu Oct 20 11:42:46 2016
From: jay.aa4fl at gmail.com (Jay Garlitz)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 07:42:46 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] VP5/AA4FL
Message-ID: <CAPLjiQKzPqs5qHe5vRaiVQWU_BvpAKLL_Mp1fJrJaR5o_tKTmQ@mail.gmail.com>

Feel free to check out my Facebook page for operation photos.  I have
opened up my VP5 posts for public view so you do not need to friend me.
See you on the birds!

73, Jay VP5/AA4FL



-- 
Dr. Jay H. Garlitz, AA4FL

-President/CEO Connected World Internet Ventures, In.
-President-Elect, Medical Amateur Radio Council, *www.marco-ltd.org
<http://www.marco-ltd.org>*
-Courtesy Clinical Assoc. Professor, UF Dentistry, Dpt. Community Dentistry
-FCC Trustee, W4DFU at Univ. of Florida, since 2005, www.gatorradio.org.
 The Club Station of the Gator Amateur Radio Club, at UF since 1934
-member 2013 T33A Banaba Island Dxpedition, Central Pacific, www.t33a.com
-other past personal calls 3D2FL (Fiji), T30FL (Tarawa), T33FL (Banaba),

From rico.van.genugten at gmail.com  Thu Oct 20 14:09:22 2016
From: rico.van.genugten at gmail.com (Rico van Genugten)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 16:09:22 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Crossed polarity dual band single feed yagi
In-Reply-To: <20161020111622.Horde._eyU21K69A-o32c3Geu5Qib@webmail.satavirtual.org>
References: <20161020111622.Horde._eyU21K69A-o32c3Geu5Qib@webmail.satavirtual.org>
Message-ID: <CAJdc4v6-HAaNHf5U9J0n0dx-DuFJSJe6djnO2kMt9VaiLscu0g@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Pedro,

I have thought about this subject a lot. How to build an antenna that is
single boom, dual band, circularly polarized. I have come to the conclusion
that it is pretty difficult due to the following considerations:

 - To create a circularly polarized antenna a phase shift of 1/4 wl is
needed. A phase shift can be obtained through physical distance on the
boom, or a difference in feed line length.

 - When a phase shift of 0 is produced, for instance when the elements are
on the same location on the boom and there is no feed line difference, you
will end up with a diagonal linear polarized antenna. Think about it: You
have two perpendicular linear antennas in the same plane, the resultant
will be the summation of the two antennes: a diagonal antenna.

- When a phase shift of anything in between 0 and 1/4 wl (or any multiple)
is produced, the antenna polarization is somewhere between linear and
circular: it will be elliptically polarized. This will mean that it is not
completely deaf in one plane like a linear antenna, but will have a gain
optimum in a particular plane and a gain minimum in a plane perpendicular
to it.

- 1/4 wl spacing on UHF is (obviously) not the same as 1/4 wl spacing on
VHF, but if you use open-sleeve feeding (2 feed points) there is no way to
manipulate either the position on the boom or the feed line difference for
VHF and UHF independently

- If you use 4 feed points you have full control of the placing of the four
antennas on the boom and the feed line differences and are probably able to
produce a true single boom, dual band, circularly polarized antenna, but
the VHF and UHF antennas will influence each other so strongly that you
will probably end up placing the UHF antenna after the last element of the
VHF antenna, leaving you with either a very long boom or very little gain.

My two cents. :)

73, Rico
PA3RVG


On Thu, Oct 20, 2016 at 1:16 PM, Pedro via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
wrote:

> Hi all,
>
> The best of ham radio is that you can build and experiment.
>
> My current portable yagi is a dualband single fed (VHF element) home
> built, from DK7ZB designs, 4+5 elements version. VHF has 9.25dB gain
> 1.03SWR, UHF 8.67dB 1.12SWR.
> It works like a charm.
>
> Now that I'm on the final stages of condo permits for a tower - although
> it's a tower on top of the building there are still space limitations - my
> goal is to build a crossed polarity set of my portable antenna. Something
> similar to what Gulf Alpha had, but instead of 4 feed points, one for each
> band/polarisation, I'll have only two, combined into one impedance matched
> feed line to the shack.
>
> Due to the required materials for the feed points and the elements
> positions I came up with 2 versions where the vertical antenna is ahead of
> the horizontal by 3 inches and 16 inches. My understanding is that circular
> polarisation would require a specific position for the vertical antenna
> plus the proper cable circuit for it.
> I'm aware that RHCP would give me a stable signal reception, rather than
> my setup even tilted 45 degrees instead of plain horizontal/vertical. I saw
> PU3GUO report on his VHF only antenna while receiving ANDE.
>
> I've ran the model in 4nec2 for the two options, 145MHz and 435MHz, and
> using 5W. Here are my findings.
>
> 3 inches separation:
>
> VHF
> Both antennas 1.03SWR
> Combined gain 9.25dB
>
> UHF
> Both antennas 1.12SWR
> Combined gain 8.67dB
>
> 16 inches separation:
>
> VHF
> Both antennas 1.03SWR
> Combined gain 9.24dB
>
> UHF
> Horizontal antenna 1.12SWR; Vertical antenna 1.49SWR
> Combined gain 8.27dB
>
>
> My conclusion is that advancing the vertical antenna by so many inches
> will result in interference from the horizontal one in such way that the
> gain is lower and SWR increases.
> Gain in UHF is lower, expected as same happens in my current portable
> antenna, and that's because it's being fed in the VHF element.
>
> Has anyone built something similar that can share any comments?
> Would there be any other configuration possible for a single boom?
>
> Thanks in advance.
>
> 73s de Pedro
> CU2ZG, HM77
>
>
>
> --
> This message has been scanned for viruses and
> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
> believed to be clean.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From pedro at dutrasousa.name  Thu Oct 20 14:48:52 2016
From: pedro at dutrasousa.name (pedro at dutrasousa.name)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 14:48:52 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Crossed polarity dual band single feed yagi
In-Reply-To: <CAJdc4v6-HAaNHf5U9J0n0dx-DuFJSJe6djnO2kMt9VaiLscu0g@mail.gmail.com>
References: <20161020111622.Horde._eyU21K69A-o32c3Geu5Qib@webmail.satavirtual.org>
	<CAJdc4v6-HAaNHf5U9J0n0dx-DuFJSJe6djnO2kMt9VaiLscu0g@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20161020144852.Horde.awcC0UY7KBhyK7vGduli9lY@webmail.satavirtual.org>

Hi Rico,

Thank you for that explanation.

The main problem here is that the original antenna has the UHF  
elements just to help the VHF tune into UHF. It's not a true dual feed  
VHF/UHF.
So if I get this concept in circular polarisation it'll always be for  
the VHF leaving UHF to the mercy of a low gain.

The simulation confirms that the gain will bend into an elliptical  
polarisation, but not that significant.

It's tricky alright.

Here are the calculations from 4nec2.

https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/single_VHF.png
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/single_UHF.png

https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/3inch_VHF.png
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/3inch_UHF.png

https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/16inch_VHF.png
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/16inch_UHF.png

73s Pedro
CU2ZG


Quoting Rico van Genugten <rico.van.genugten at gmail.com>:

> Hi Pedro,
>
> I have thought about this subject a lot. How to build an antenna that is
> single boom, dual band, circularly polarized. I have come to the conclusion
> that it is pretty difficult due to the following considerations:
>
>  - To create a circularly polarized antenna a phase shift of 1/4 wl is
> needed. A phase shift can be obtained through physical distance on the
> boom, or a difference in feed line length.
>
>  - When a phase shift of 0 is produced, for instance when the elements are
> on the same location on the boom and there is no feed line difference, you
> will end up with a diagonal linear polarized antenna. Think about it: You
> have two perpendicular linear antennas in the same plane, the resultant
> will be the summation of the two antennes: a diagonal antenna.
>
> - When a phase shift of anything in between 0 and 1/4 wl (or any multiple)
> is produced, the antenna polarization is somewhere between linear and
> circular: it will be elliptically polarized. This will mean that it is not
> completely deaf in one plane like a linear antenna, but will have a gain
> optimum in a particular plane and a gain minimum in a plane perpendicular
> to it.
>
> - 1/4 wl spacing on UHF is (obviously) not the same as 1/4 wl spacing on
> VHF, but if you use open-sleeve feeding (2 feed points) there is no way to
> manipulate either the position on the boom or the feed line difference for
> VHF and UHF independently
>
> - If you use 4 feed points you have full control of the placing of the four
> antennas on the boom and the feed line differences and are probably able to
> produce a true single boom, dual band, circularly polarized antenna, but
> the VHF and UHF antennas will influence each other so strongly that you
> will probably end up placing the UHF antenna after the last element of the
> VHF antenna, leaving you with either a very long boom or very little gain.
>
> My two cents. :)
>
> 73, Rico
> PA3RVG
>
>
> On Thu, Oct 20, 2016 at 1:16 PM, Pedro via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
> wrote:
>
>> Hi all,
>>
>> The best of ham radio is that you can build and experiment.
>>
>> My current portable yagi is a dualband single fed (VHF element) home
>> built, from DK7ZB designs, 4+5 elements version. VHF has 9.25dB gain
>> 1.03SWR, UHF 8.67dB 1.12SWR.
>> It works like a charm.
>>
>> Now that I'm on the final stages of condo permits for a tower - although
>> it's a tower on top of the building there are still space limitations - my
>> goal is to build a crossed polarity set of my portable antenna. Something
>> similar to what Gulf Alpha had, but instead of 4 feed points, one for each
>> band/polarisation, I'll have only two, combined into one impedance matched
>> feed line to the shack.
>>
>> Due to the required materials for the feed points and the elements
>> positions I came up with 2 versions where the vertical antenna is ahead of
>> the horizontal by 3 inches and 16 inches. My understanding is that circular
>> polarisation would require a specific position for the vertical antenna
>> plus the proper cable circuit for it.
>> I'm aware that RHCP would give me a stable signal reception, rather than
>> my setup even tilted 45 degrees instead of plain horizontal/vertical. I saw
>> PU3GUO report on his VHF only antenna while receiving ANDE.
>>
>> I've ran the model in 4nec2 for the two options, 145MHz and 435MHz, and
>> using 5W. Here are my findings.
>>
>> 3 inches separation:
>>
>> VHF
>> Both antennas 1.03SWR
>> Combined gain 9.25dB
>>
>> UHF
>> Both antennas 1.12SWR
>> Combined gain 8.67dB
>>
>> 16 inches separation:
>>
>> VHF
>> Both antennas 1.03SWR
>> Combined gain 9.24dB
>>
>> UHF
>> Horizontal antenna 1.12SWR; Vertical antenna 1.49SWR
>> Combined gain 8.27dB
>>
>>
>> My conclusion is that advancing the vertical antenna by so many inches
>> will result in interference from the horizontal one in such way that the
>> gain is lower and SWR increases.
>> Gain in UHF is lower, expected as same happens in my current portable
>> antenna, and that's because it's being fed in the VHF element.
>>
>> Has anyone built something similar that can share any comments?
>> Would there be any other configuration possible for a single boom?
>>
>> Thanks in advance.
>>
>> 73s de Pedro
>> CU2ZG, HM77
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> This message has been scanned for viruses and
>> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
>> believed to be clean.
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>
> --
> This message has been scanned for viruses and
> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
> believed to be clean.




-- 
This message has been scanned for viruses and
dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
believed to be clean.


From rico.van.genugten at gmail.com  Thu Oct 20 15:24:59 2016
From: rico.van.genugten at gmail.com (Rico van Genugten)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 17:24:59 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] Crossed polarity dual band single feed yagi
In-Reply-To: <20161020144852.Horde.awcC0UY7KBhyK7vGduli9lY@webmail.satavirtual.org>
References: <20161020111622.Horde._eyU21K69A-o32c3Geu5Qib@webmail.satavirtual.org>
	<CAJdc4v6-HAaNHf5U9J0n0dx-DuFJSJe6djnO2kMt9VaiLscu0g@mail.gmail.com>
	<20161020144852.Horde.awcC0UY7KBhyK7vGduli9lY@webmail.satavirtual.org>
Message-ID: <CAJdc4v7KwH9nH8CtLGprzrh=LEat4xECW50Z-L51omNf5km7tA@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Pedro,

With an open-sleeve configuration as you have the distance between vhf and
uhf elements is fixed, so you can either get true circular polarisation
either on VHF or UHF, by spacing the two perpendicular antennes either with
1/4 wl on VHF or 1/4 wl on UHF respectively. The other will have arbitrary
polarisation.

In your images you only show 'total' gain, which is a summation of vertical
and horizontal afaik. Using the < and > keys you can switch to hortizontal,
vertical, lhcp or rhcp, those are more informative in this case.

73,
Rico PA3RVG

On Thu, Oct 20, 2016 at 4:48 PM, Pedro via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
wrote:

> Hi Rico,
>
> Thank you for that explanation.
>
> The main problem here is that the original antenna has the UHF elements
> just to help the VHF tune into UHF. It's not a true dual feed VHF/UHF.
> So if I get this concept in circular polarisation it'll always be for the
> VHF leaving UHF to the mercy of a low gain.
>
> The simulation confirms that the gain will bend into an elliptical
> polarisation, but not that significant.
>
> It's tricky alright.
>
> Here are the calculations from 4nec2.
>
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/single_VHF.png
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/single_UHF.png
>
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/3inch_VHF.png
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/3inch_UHF.png
>
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/16inch_VHF.png
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/16inch_UHF.png
>
> 73s Pedro
> CU2ZG
>
>
>
> Quoting Rico van Genugten <rico.van.genugten at gmail.com>:
>
> Hi Pedro,
>>
>> I have thought about this subject a lot. How to build an antenna that is
>> single boom, dual band, circularly polarized. I have come to the
>> conclusion
>> that it is pretty difficult due to the following considerations:
>>
>>  - To create a circularly polarized antenna a phase shift of 1/4 wl is
>> needed. A phase shift can be obtained through physical distance on the
>> boom, or a difference in feed line length.
>>
>>  - When a phase shift of 0 is produced, for instance when the elements are
>> on the same location on the boom and there is no feed line difference, you
>> will end up with a diagonal linear polarized antenna. Think about it: You
>> have two perpendicular linear antennas in the same plane, the resultant
>> will be the summation of the two antennes: a diagonal antenna.
>>
>> - When a phase shift of anything in between 0 and 1/4 wl (or any multiple)
>> is produced, the antenna polarization is somewhere between linear and
>> circular: it will be elliptically polarized. This will mean that it is not
>> completely deaf in one plane like a linear antenna, but will have a gain
>> optimum in a particular plane and a gain minimum in a plane perpendicular
>> to it.
>>
>> - 1/4 wl spacing on UHF is (obviously) not the same as 1/4 wl spacing on
>> VHF, but if you use open-sleeve feeding (2 feed points) there is no way to
>> manipulate either the position on the boom or the feed line difference for
>> VHF and UHF independently
>>
>> - If you use 4 feed points you have full control of the placing of the
>> four
>> antennas on the boom and the feed line differences and are probably able
>> to
>> produce a true single boom, dual band, circularly polarized antenna, but
>> the VHF and UHF antennas will influence each other so strongly that you
>> will probably end up placing the UHF antenna after the last element of the
>> VHF antenna, leaving you with either a very long boom or very little gain.
>>
>> My two cents. :)
>>
>> 73, Rico
>> PA3RVG
>>
>>
>> On Thu, Oct 20, 2016 at 1:16 PM, Pedro via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
>> wrote:
>>
>> Hi all,
>>>
>>> The best of ham radio is that you can build and experiment.
>>>
>>> My current portable yagi is a dualband single fed (VHF element) home
>>> built, from DK7ZB designs, 4+5 elements version. VHF has 9.25dB gain
>>> 1.03SWR, UHF 8.67dB 1.12SWR.
>>> It works like a charm.
>>>
>>> Now that I'm on the final stages of condo permits for a tower - although
>>> it's a tower on top of the building there are still space limitations -
>>> my
>>> goal is to build a crossed polarity set of my portable antenna. Something
>>> similar to what Gulf Alpha had, but instead of 4 feed points, one for
>>> each
>>> band/polarisation, I'll have only two, combined into one impedance
>>> matched
>>> feed line to the shack.
>>>
>>> Due to the required materials for the feed points and the elements
>>> positions I came up with 2 versions where the vertical antenna is ahead
>>> of
>>> the horizontal by 3 inches and 16 inches. My understanding is that
>>> circular
>>> polarisation would require a specific position for the vertical antenna
>>> plus the proper cable circuit for it.
>>> I'm aware that RHCP would give me a stable signal reception, rather than
>>> my setup even tilted 45 degrees instead of plain horizontal/vertical. I
>>> saw
>>> PU3GUO report on his VHF only antenna while receiving ANDE.
>>>
>>> I've ran the model in 4nec2 for the two options, 145MHz and 435MHz, and
>>> using 5W. Here are my findings.
>>>
>>> 3 inches separation:
>>>
>>> VHF
>>> Both antennas 1.03SWR
>>> Combined gain 9.25dB
>>>
>>> UHF
>>> Both antennas 1.12SWR
>>> Combined gain 8.67dB
>>>
>>> 16 inches separation:
>>>
>>> VHF
>>> Both antennas 1.03SWR
>>> Combined gain 9.24dB
>>>
>>> UHF
>>> Horizontal antenna 1.12SWR; Vertical antenna 1.49SWR
>>> Combined gain 8.27dB
>>>
>>>
>>> My conclusion is that advancing the vertical antenna by so many inches
>>> will result in interference from the horizontal one in such way that the
>>> gain is lower and SWR increases.
>>> Gain in UHF is lower, expected as same happens in my current portable
>>> antenna, and that's because it's being fed in the VHF element.
>>>
>>> Has anyone built something similar that can share any comments?
>>> Would there be any other configuration possible for a single boom?
>>>
>>> Thanks in advance.
>>>
>>> 73s de Pedro
>>> CU2ZG, HM77
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> --
>>> This message has been scanned for viruses and
>>> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
>>> believed to be clean.
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>>> Opinions
>>> expressed
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>>> AMSAT-NA.
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>>> program!
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>>
>>>
>> --
>> This message has been scanned for viruses and
>> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
>> believed to be clean.
>>
>
>
>
>
> --
> This message has been scanned for viruses and
> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
> believed to be clean.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From AJ9N at aol.com  Thu Oct 20 07:56:36 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 03:56:36 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-20 07:30
	UTC
Message-ID: <25f600.5799fb79.4539d2b4@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-20  07:30 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

TBD

****************************************************************************
**

Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Kenwood radio unless otherwise noted.  
(***)

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123 
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-20 07:30 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.txt

Total  number of ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1090. 
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1055. 
Each  contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time slot.
Total number of  ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A complete year by year  breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-18 09:00 UTC.   
(***)

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00  UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  47 on orbit 
Jeff Williams KD5TVQ
Oleg Skripochka RN3FU 
Aleksey  Ovchinin

Exp. 48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins  KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS
****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From kc2lnc at lexcominc.net  Thu Oct 20 17:20:35 2016
From: kc2lnc at lexcominc.net (Steve Appleton)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 13:20:35 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Mirage Mast Mounted Preamp(s)
Message-ID: <053BA748269D4A4790C54D932D180117@StevePC>

I recently purchased one of the Mirage mast mounted preamps from DX Engineering. Conflicts in documentation and a lack of labeling on the unit caused be concern as to whether I had the right unit. After spending two days back and forth with DX Engineering / Mirage, I?m told the following with respect to the Mirage KP-2 Series Mast Mounted Preamps:
1. Only the 1.25 m (KP-2/220) and 70 cm (KP-2/440) units are being manufactured with N connectors. All other variants have SO-239 UHF connectors.
2. None of the units in this series have any band specific labeling but have the generic label ?KP-2?. The only indication of what band the unit is intended to operate on is the labeling on the box. Thanks to Mike at DX Engineering for clearing up the confusion. This caused me to plan the wrong cables at the antenna end. Not a major inconvenience but bothersome just the same. Mike assured me that they are going to correct this information on their website. There is no information on the Mirage web site so I felt it was worth letting everyone know. The experience so far with Mirage does not instill a lot of confidence but I?m going to install it and see how well it works. 

From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Thu Oct 20 17:49:44 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 13:49:44 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Mirage Mast Mounted Preamp(s)
In-Reply-To: <053BA748269D4A4790C54D932D180117@StevePC>
References: <053BA748269D4A4790C54D932D180117@StevePC>
Message-ID: <580903B8.6050002@cfl.rr.com>

This is because they are now an MFJ product and have a lot to be 
desired. If you can get a hold of the older version that were sold under 
Mirage themselves, they are much better units and labeled. The old units 
also had the nice 1 1/2" cubed power box for dc into the coax. Much 
better than the little mini-box they now give you. The newer box moves 
with the coax if using RG-8 or similar and is a pain.

The newer MFJ units also are not shielded and subject to cross talk 
during satellite full-duplex operation. As a result I got rid of the 
2-meter newer version I had. I do have several of the 70cm and two meter 
units which are correctly marked and in shielded cast boxes. They work 
great.

Even though more expensive I would probably now go with SSB or similar.

Reid. W4UPD

On 10/20/2016 1:20 PM, Steve Appleton wrote:
> I recently purchased one of the Mirage mast mounted preamps from DX Engineering. Conflicts in documentation and a lack of labeling on the unit caused be concern as to whether I had the right unit. After spending two days back and forth with DX Engineering / Mirage, I?m told the following with respect to the Mirage KP-2 Series Mast Mounted Preamps:
> 1. Only the 1.25 m (KP-2/220) and 70 cm (KP-2/440) units are being manufactured with N connectors. All other variants have SO-239 UHF connectors.
> 2. None of the units in this series have any band specific labeling but have the generic label ?KP-2?. The only indication of what band the unit is intended to operate on is the labeling on the box. Thanks to Mike at DX Engineering for clearing up the confusion. This caused me to plan the wrong cables at the antenna end. Not a major inconvenience but bothersome just the same. Mike assured me that they are going to correct this information on their website. There is no information on the Mirage web site so I felt it was worth letting everyone know. The experience so far with Mirage does not instill a lot of confidence but I?m going to install it and see how well it works.
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From gp_ab5r at outlook.com  Thu Oct 20 18:46:06 2016
From: gp_ab5r at outlook.com (Gerald Payton)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 18:46:06 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Wordwide Amsats
Message-ID: <MWHPR11MB1952173EEDF22C38DE60C6FBD0D50@MWHPR11MB1952.namprd11.prod.outlook.com>

On an impulse, I Googled the word "Amsat."  I came up with 17 countries using the prefix of AMSAT for their sites (including JAMSAT for Japan).  I knew that the hobby extended worldwide, but didn't know there were that many.  There may be more that I missed.


It occurs to me that there could be much to share and learn from each other.  However, there would be language barriers for sure, other hurdles possibly.


Stations operating on or near the North America coasts are able to make international contacts using the present LEO birds.  What about the future Phase 4 and 5 satellites?  These will provide a much different coverage footprint.


NOT being an "internet nerd", I wonder if there is some central website that could be created that would link all of these 17 possibilities instead of painstakingly searching for the correct URL?


Any thoughts out there?  Yah or Nay.

From k9jkm at comcast.net  Thu Oct 20 23:57:36 2016
From: k9jkm at comcast.net (JoAnne Maenpaa)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 18:57:36 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISS Radio Status Update
Message-ID: <007301d22b2d$bb9766b0$32c63410$@net>

Good evening folks,

Here is a report of the current status of the ARISS gear aboard the ISS:
http://www.arrl.org/news/view/apparent-ariss-radio-failure-prompts-shift-to-
russian-service-module-ham-gear  (watch the line cutoff from the remailer).

--
73 de JoAnne K9JKM
k9jkm at amsat.org




From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Fri Oct 21 03:07:51 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 23:07:51 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
Message-ID: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>

I have attempted use SatPC to provide frequency parking at the end of any priority passes. Thanks to Alan, WA4SCA, he provided some data for simulation of a GeoSync satellite. I tweaked the values to provide what I needed for my locaation and it seems to work fine as far as the satellite always being in range and that it is selected when no other satellite with a priority of 1-9 is above the horizon.

The problem I am having is that when I put the frequencies I want into DOPPLER.SQF. I entered the line:

	TestSat3,146520,436800,FM,FM,NOR,0,0

The name matches the keps. etc. However, nothing displays in the Doppler window. My assumption at this point is that SatPC knows its a Geo or at least there will be no Doppler and doesn't display or use the entered values.

Wonder if anyone else has any thoughts on this.

The intent was to allow the radio to monitor local frequencies when no satellites were in range then switch as any came within range. Looks like this is not going to work.

Reid, W4UPD


From n4csitwo at bellsouth.net  Fri Oct 21 03:37:27 2016
From: n4csitwo at bellsouth.net (n4csitwo at bellsouth.net)
Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2016 23:37:27 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISS News Release  no. 16-10
Message-ID: <930DD13AC0F347C192CCE2C0373EC6CF@DHJ>

 


 

                                      ARISS NEWS RELEASE                                  

no. 16-10                                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                

 

October 20, 2016                                                                                                              

David Jordan, AA4KN

ARISS PR

aa4kn at amsat.org

 

 

Attention: 

This is a reissue of the release previously sent on August 26, 2016 reminding all interested parties that the deadline for educational institutions to submit proposals seeking contacts with the International Space Station for this cycle is approaching fast. Please plan to submit your proposal before the November 1 deadline noted below.

 

 

Message to US Educators 

 

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station 

Contact Opportunity 

 

Call for Proposals 

Proposal Window September 1 - November 1, 2016 

 

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) Program is seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations, individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers of participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education plan. 

 

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.  Proposal information and documents can be found at www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

 

The Opportunity 

Crew members aboard the International Space Station will participate in scheduled Amateur Radio contacts. These radio contacts are approximately 10 minutes in length and allow students to interact with the astronauts through a question-and-answer session. 

 

An ARISS contact is a voice-only communication opportunity via Amateur Radio between astronauts and cosmonauts aboard the space station and classrooms and communities. ARISS contacts afford education audiences the opportunity to learn firsthand from astronauts what it is like to live and work in space and to learn about space research conducted on the ISS. Students also will have an opportunity to learn about satellite communication, wireless technology, and radio science. Because of the nature of human spaceflight and the complexity of scheduling activities aboard the ISS, organizations must demonstrate flexibility to accommodate changes in dates and times of the radio contact. 

 

Amateur Radio organizations around the world, NASA, and space agencies in Russia, Canada, Japan and Europe sponsor this educational opportunity by providing the equipment and operational support to enable direct communication between crew on the ISS and students around the world via Amateur Radio. In the US, the program is managed by AMSAT (Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation) and ARRL (American Radio Relay League) in partnership with NASA and CASIS (Center for the Advancement of Science in Space).

 

More Information

Interested parties can find more information about the program at www.ariss.org and www.arrl.org/ARISS.  

 

For proposal information and more details such as expectations, proposal guidelines and proposal form, and dates and times of Information Sessions go to http://www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.  

Please direct any questions to ariss at arrl.org.

 

 

 

 

      About  ARISS

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.

 

Also, join us on Facebook:  Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) / Follow us on Twitter:  ARISS_status

Contact:

David Jordan, AA4KN

ARISS PR , aa4kn at amsat.org                                                        


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

From dan at post.com  Fri Oct 21 07:54:27 2016
From: dan at post.com (Daniel Cussen)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 08:54:27 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] Fwd: [ARISS-ops] ARISS News Release no. 16-09
In-Reply-To: <12E283F233084C23BAA58F649FFC7FB5@DHJ>
References: <12E283F233084C23BAA58F649FFC7FB5@DHJ>
Message-ID: <CAF3DnKiOaTB5wn9sNdv64DAZJ6Y9LefJSXpwG_=B2Z7xMqEr5Q@mail.gmail.com>

ARISS NEWS RELEASE

no. 16-09

October 20, 2016
David Jordan, AA4KN
ARISS PR
aa4kn at amsat.org


Current Amateur Radio Status on board the International Space Station (ISS)

The VHF handheld radio model that has been used by the ARISS program
to connect students worldwide with astronauts on board the
International Space Station (ISS) for over 16 years has given an error
message and is unusable at this time. While the ARISS technical team
evaluates the best path to restore operation from the Columbus module,
ARISS contacts will be supported using the Kenwood radio in the
Russian Service Module.  During this period, the packet digipeater
will be unavailable.

Switching to the 70 cm radio capability on board the Columbus module
for some operations is being coordinated. Expect further updates as we
work to resolve this problem.

About  ARISS

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a
cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the
space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In
the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite
Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the
Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of
ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering,
and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via
amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in
classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced
amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large
audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these
radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn
about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more
information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.



Also, join us on Facebook:  Amateur Radio on the International Space
Station (ARISS) / Follow us on Twitter:  ARISS_status

Contact:

David Jordan, AA4KN

ARISS PR , aa4kn at amsat.org


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

From richard.siff at verizon.net  Fri Oct 21 10:25:47 2016
From: richard.siff at verizon.net (Rich/wa4bue)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 06:25:47 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Fwd: [ARISS-ops] ARISS News Release no. 16-09
In-Reply-To: <CAF3DnKiOaTB5wn9sNdv64DAZJ6Y9LefJSXpwG_=B2Z7xMqEr5Q@mail.gmail.com>
References: <12E283F233084C23BAA58F649FFC7FB5@DHJ>
	<CAF3DnKiOaTB5wn9sNdv64DAZJ6Y9LefJSXpwG_=B2Z7xMqEr5Q@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <10CE6DC7C4484C46B3E92CA94A6F3BA0@BanjoPC>

Thought last year a new rig was purchased for the ISS, using donations from 
AMSAT members.  K4AMG donated.  What is the status of the new rig????

Rich
W4BUE
Founder K4AMG

-----Original Message----- 
From: Daniel Cussen
Sent: Friday, October 21, 2016 3:54 AM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: [amsat-bb] Fwd: [ARISS-ops] ARISS News Release no. 16-09

ARISS NEWS RELEASE

no. 16-09

October 20, 2016
David Jordan, AA4KN
ARISS PR
aa4kn at amsat.org


Current Amateur Radio Status on board the International Space Station (ISS)

The VHF handheld radio model that has been used by the ARISS program
to connect students worldwide with astronauts on board the
International Space Station (ISS) for over 16 years has given an error
message and is unusable at this time. While the ARISS technical team
evaluates the best path to restore operation from the Columbus module,
ARISS contacts will be supported using the Kenwood radio in the
Russian Service Module.  During this period, the packet digipeater
will be unavailable.

Switching to the 70 cm radio capability on board the Columbus module
for some operations is being coordinated. Expect further updates as we
work to resolve this problem.

About  ARISS

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a
cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the
space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In
the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite
Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the
Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of
ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering,
and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via
amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in
classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced
amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large
audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these
radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn
about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more
information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.



Also, join us on Facebook:  Amateur Radio on the International Space
Station (ARISS) / Follow us on Twitter:  ARISS_status

Contact:

David Jordan, AA4KN

ARISS PR , aa4kn at amsat.org


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions 
expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 


From wa4sca at gmail.com  Fri Oct 21 10:34:02 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 05:34:02 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
In-Reply-To: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>
References: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>
Message-ID: <000001d22b86$a4763cf0$ed62b6d0$@GMAIL.COM>

Hi Reid,

I used the original TestSat2 Keps I sent, and your DOPPLER.SQF changed to TestSat2, and it worked as
desired.  One thing to check is the object number.  I used a "standard made up" number, and if SatPC32
sees two objects with the same number, it can cause problems.  Check in your Keps you don't have
another 99999.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA




<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of w4upd
<Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2016 10:08 PM
<To: amsat-bb <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
<Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
<
<I have attempted use SatPC to provide frequency parking at the end of any priority passes. Thanks to
<Alan, WA4SCA, he provided some data for simulation of a GeoSync satellite. I tweaked the values to
<provide what I needed for my locaation and it seems to work fine as far as the satellite always being
in
<range and that it is selected when no other satellite with a priority of 1-9 is above the horizon.
<
<The problem I am having is that when I put the frequencies I want into DOPPLER.SQF. I entered the
<line:
<
<	TestSat3,146520,436800,FM,FM,NOR,0,0
<
<The name matches the keps. etc. However, nothing displays in the Doppler window. My assumption at
<this point is that SatPC knows its a Geo or at least there will be no Doppler and doesn't display or
use
<the entered values.
<
<Wonder if anyone else has any thoughts on this.
<
<The intent was to allow the radio to monitor local frequencies when no satellites were in range then
<switch as any came within range. Looks like this is not going to work.
<
<Reid, W4UPD
<
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From dave.w8aas at verizon.net  Fri Oct 21 10:57:20 2016
From: dave.w8aas at verizon.net (Dave Taylor)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 06:57:20 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
In-Reply-To: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>
References: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>
Message-ID: <D50A60B0-5D6B-4BE4-B8FF-85A2F5417D0B@verizon.net>

As I recall, SatPC is frequency limited and won?t control a radio above 146.000.  There is probably a limit on UHF also, but I don?t know it.  I?ve never investigated to see if this is configurable somewhere.

Dave, W8AAS


> On Oct 20, 2016, at 11:07 PM, w4upd <w4upd at cfl.rr.com> wrote:
> 
> I have attempted use SatPC to provide frequency parking at the end of any priority passes. Thanks to Alan, WA4SCA, he provided some data for simulation of a GeoSync satellite. I tweaked the values to provide what I needed for my locaation and it seems to work fine as far as the satellite always being in range and that it is selected when no other satellite with a priority of 1-9 is above the horizon.
> 
> The problem I am having is that when I put the frequencies I want into DOPPLER.SQF. I entered the line:
> 
> 	TestSat3,146520,436800,FM,FM,NOR,0,0
> 
> The name matches the keps. etc. However, nothing displays in the Doppler window. My assumption at this point is that SatPC knows its a Geo or at least there will be no Doppler and doesn't display or use the entered values.
> 
> Wonder if anyone else has any thoughts on this.
> 
> The intent was to allow the radio to monitor local frequencies when no satellites were in range then switch as any came within range. Looks like this is not going to work.
> 
> Reid, W4UPD
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From dan at post.com  Fri Oct 21 10:59:02 2016
From: dan at post.com (Daniel Cussen)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 11:59:02 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] Fwd: [ARISS-ops] ARISS News Release no. 16-09
In-Reply-To: <10CE6DC7C4484C46B3E92CA94A6F3BA0@BanjoPC>
References: <12E283F233084C23BAA58F649FFC7FB5@DHJ>
	<CAF3DnKiOaTB5wn9sNdv64DAZJ6Y9LefJSXpwG_=B2Z7xMqEr5Q@mail.gmail.com>
	<10CE6DC7C4484C46B3E92CA94A6F3BA0@BanjoPC>
Message-ID: <CAF3DnKg=CLstaTr2gNJGQPaiyUgomi0mc0-NL=iHMYMfR8ReGg@mail.gmail.com>

>Thought last year a new rig was purchased for the ISS, using donations from AMSAT >members.  K4AMG donated.  What is the status of the new rig????

It is still on the ground. It takes a lot to get a piece of equipment
approved for use on the ISS. It needs hardware modifications (they
often change capacitors etc.), software modifications (reducing power
levels/fixing known channels & settings). It then has to go through
testing and approval by Russia, ESA, NASA etc.

This often takes multiple years, from concept, funding, agreement,
testing, launch opportunity etc. Often they have to supply many
radios, not just one, for vibration testing/training in multiple
countries and spares on the ground and in space.

There is weekly teleconferences where the progress is tracked and any
delays worked on. I am sure all options are being considered.

From wa4sca at gmail.com  Fri Oct 21 11:11:12 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 06:11:12 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
In-Reply-To: <D50A60B0-5D6B-4BE4-B8FF-85A2F5417D0B@verizon.net>
References: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>
	<D50A60B0-5D6B-4BE4-B8FF-85A2F5417D0B@verizon.net>
Message-ID: <000001d22b8b$d5a6e9a0$80f4bce0$@GMAIL.COM>

Dave,

Never ran into a limit on tracking frequency.  It is usually an object number conflict, or failing to 
leave a blank line at the end of the DOPPLER.SQF file.  Have done both, and more than once.  ;)

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA



<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Dave Taylor
<Sent: Friday, October 21, 2016 5:57 AM
<To: w4upd <w4upd at cfl.rr.com>
<Cc: amsat-bb <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
<Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
<
<As I recall, SatPC is frequency limited and won?t control a radio above 146.000.  There is probably a
<limit on UHF also, but I don?t know it.  I?ve never investigated to see if this is configurable
<somewhere.
<
<Dave, W8AAS
<
<
<> On Oct 20, 2016, at 11:07 PM, w4upd <w4upd at cfl.rr.com> wrote:
<>
<> I have attempted use SatPC to provide frequency parking at the end of any priority passes. Thanks to
<Alan, WA4SCA, he provided some data for simulation of a GeoSync satellite. I tweaked the values to
<provide what I needed for my locaation and it seems to work fine as far as the satellite always being 
in
<range and that it is selected when no other satellite with a priority of 1-9 is above the horizon.
<>
<> The problem I am having is that when I put the frequencies I want into DOPPLER.SQF. I entered the
<line:
<>
<> 	TestSat3,146520,436800,FM,FM,NOR,0,0
<>
<> The name matches the keps. etc. However, nothing displays in the Doppler window. My assumption
<at this point is that SatPC knows its a Geo or at least there will be no Doppler and doesn't display or 
use
<the entered values.
<>
<> Wonder if anyone else has any thoughts on this.
<>
<> The intent was to allow the radio to monitor local frequencies when no satellites were in range then
<switch as any came within range. Looks like this is not going to work.
<>
<> Reid, W4UPD
<>
<> _______________________________________________
<> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
<
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


begin 666 TestSat2.jpg
M_]C_X `02D9)1@`!`0$`8 !@``#_VP!#``(!`0(!`0("`@("`@("`P4#`P,#
M`P8$! ,%!P8'!P<&!P<("0L)" @*" <'"@T*"@L,# P,!PD.#PT,#@L,# S_
MVP!#`0("`@,#`P8#`P8," <(# P,# P,# P,# P,# P,# P,# P,# P,# P,
M# P,# P,# P,# P,# P,# P,# P,# S_P `1" )D`S #`2(``A$!`Q$!_\0`
M'P```04!`0$!`0$```````````$"`P0%!@<("0H+_\0`M1 ``@$#`P($`P4%
M! 0```%]`0(#``01!1(A,4$&$U%A!R)Q%#*!D:$((T*QP152T? D,V)R@@D*
M%A<8&1HE)B<H*2HT-38W.#DZ0T1%1D=(24I35%565UA96F-D969G:&EJ<W1U
M=G=X>7J#A(6&AXB)BI*3E)66EYB9FJ*CI*6FIZBIJK*SM+6VM[BYNL+#Q,7&
MQ\C)RM+3U-76U]C9VN'BX^3EYN?HZ>KQ\O/T]?;W^/GZ_\0`'P$``P$!`0$!
M`0$!`0````````$"`P0%!@<("0H+_\0`M1$``@$"! 0#! <%! 0``0)W``$"
M`Q$$!2$Q!A)!40=A<1,B,H$(%$*1H;'!"2,S4O 58G+1"A8D-.$E\1<8&1HF
M)R at I*C4V-S at Y.D-$149'2$E*4U155E=865IC9&5F9VAI:G-T=79W>'EZ at H.$
MA8:'B(F*DI.4E9:7F)F:HJ.DI::GJ*FJLK.TM;:WN+FZPL/$Q<;'R,G*TM/4
MU=;7V-G:XN/DY>;GZ.GJ\O/T]?;W^/GZ_]H`# ,!``(1`Q$`/P#ZX_X*P?\`
M!5^3_ at F%/X!A@^'^E^,(?%UC(^&FM[-K5H+>R9B6:UF,A=KHG)(QM[YX^/U_
MX.L[]M&L=1/P`M8]/U0S"RNI-3MXX;WR6"2F%VTT"0(Q"L4)`)P3FC_ at ZY_X
M_?@=_P!@^_\`_2;2*TO&_P`$= _X*)?#O5/CS\6_B/X at TWP]?^%+77_$O at _0
MM#TZS.B:X^GQM,8)]2LYYK.T:"Z2Z2>7>RVQ,T<DT5S"R?M&1Y7PUEW#&6Y]
MG67RQ$*^(KTZLHU9PE&--4G#D2DH\S4YOWE9\J5X[GE5*V)J8FK1IU.7E4;:
M)[K6]U?<QU_X.Q9FOX;;_A1>E>=-G:/[:M. `3D_\2[VK03_`(.H[Q_^:%Z/
M_P"#NU_^5M?GW_P5M^(?C+XL_P#!2'7O$WC"[N)HO$$?]H:#;/K%SJ,6G:=(
MTQ%O"+BYN);>-;G[5^YS'&&+M%##"\:#L_\`@EC\+/@W\7/BMXITSXL:UX1T
MO4/^$?N&\&P>,-5N](\,7VK8^0:C>6I66&%$#. LL6]E5=Q)"-ZV<<,\*UJ,
M,RR[!NG2G34^15:E1IZW7,^7F::M\,=>BW/)Q688VC65'VG5*[45N[7>FB6[
M\C[53_ at Z:O'_`.:&Z/\`^#JU_P#E;4R?\'2-X_\`S0_1_P#P<VO_`,KJ\?U'
M_ at C?JGCC]H34-)\467A_X5>'5M]'?2_$'@(Q:UX+U.#4)'C at NEO];UV"8M(P
M&V&(RRR!24A V^9J>)O^":WPC^!?[$WC&X\;7^MW7Q&\'_&^7P"=<TK37GAO
MHTM/,BL_)>^ACCMY>)'N=C31,Q14E4!C\W#)>&I.,(TFY2:T4IMJ\HQUM)K1
MRC=7NMK7T%+'9E&,IN6D4W>T;:1E/JNJ@[/;SMJ>H)_P=$7C_P#-$='_`/!S
M:_\`RNJ9/^#G^\?_`)HEH_\`X.+7_P"5U=C\??\`@E9^S3J/[4>L?!];/PK\
M,M6O/&N at Z5X.'A[QA<:MX at U.QEM?/U,7]I<7ER+90NX0RO#"=_E<2*V'^#/B
MO\7/A/X>_:;UC0[/X _#_1?"_A_7+_3H([S7_$K2R*OFV\+W\BWSLR12%)W6
MUBBD<Q;%(!(..!R?(,8DZ&&EJN;XFM.6+_Y^6UYE'?22:=K&N)Q684+^TJK2
MU]%U<E_+?[+?I:VY]C)_P<[7C_\`-$]'_P#!O:__`"NJ5?\`@YNO&_YHKH__
M`(-[7_Y75Y9\:/V4?"=E\;?@[9_"?X!Z1\1I_BSX(@DL;6'6=9_X1?4=3^T1
MM<ZC:!KR/4X[>*,2Q.M[+ $)\PIM3+\]^T)\%/@'^SI_P6,T_P`$W.EVNJ_"
M*SU.PT[Q+I<6L74EMI4\T"1W<<=TD at N&6VG<O\S[P8V1LX(K6CD.159QIPPT
MN:2FTN:5_<?*U;GNFWHKV5]&T]#&KF..IPE4=16BHMNRVDE):\MMG>V^[5UJ
M>\+_`,',UXW_`#1?1_\`P;6O_P`KZE3_`(.7[Q_^:+Z/_P"#6U_^5]?-G[<'
M['7A?]B+]G#3M%U;1UN?B=XD\>:XEIJCW=P&MM TZ7[''B#>(_\`2)P[J[(S
M%4X8`U'_`,$9_P!G_P"&G[47[7UKX)^)'AG5O$5KJ&GWEU9BWUIM/M86 at M)I
M6\](X_.ER0A7RYX=I4[A(#M#CD&02P=3'0H-P at G+XI7:BKNWO]-5K;5-=KNM
MF&84ZT:$ZBYI-1V6C<N57TZZ-?W6F?3:?\'*MX__`#1G1_\`P:VO_P`KZF3_
M`(.3+Q_^:-Z/_P"#2U_^5]>&_P#!);]F?PU^U!X\O=$\5?";1=8\"^'9+[4_
M&/CS4=:U+3_^$<T\6P\E(FAN8K99%DCD?]['*SJ[$A4B9JS?^"8W[+?P_P#V
M@/BG\6F\30Z??>&_!7AB]U'2-1\1WT^G>'X+GSTBM'U.:VDCG6-MQ.V)P20W
M4 BBMP_D-.52,J#_`'<5)^])Z.]OM[NVB=K]`689 at TFJBUER;+>]OY=EUM>W
M4^B$_P"#D.\?_FCNC_\`@SM?_E?4R?\`!QU>/_S1[1__``9VO_R!7"?MG?\`
M!+WP+\,/$OCCQW_:>H?#GX4>';31([1-'MQXI;7+Z^A5B^F^9=Q9L2 [B6XN
M-_! 4Y"K\,^+],TS1?&.J6>BZH^N:/:W<L5CJ+VK6K7T*L0DQA8DQEEPVPDE
M<XR<9JL#P[D&+C>E2?G[T]'9.S?-:]FM+W)KYCF%+64U9[:1U\UI>VC5[6/T
ME3_ at XQO'_P":0:/_`.#*U_\`D"ID_P"#BB\?_FD.C_\`@QM?_D"OG7P[9:;X
M=_X)6Z#J5OH'A:35_$WQ,NM#O]4N=!L[K46LA8VT at ACNI8FFA <D at Q.A&YN>
M3GZ8_;]_X)X_#?X1?#_XJ-HWPWT_PO\`V=KV at Z'\/]6T?7KW4I]1O+F-'O+?
M4DENKB.V55D#*9([=CF/:7##=RULCR.E55&=!W<N56G+>]-=9+K46UW92?0J
MCF&.J0YU42T;=TM$G)=G_(V^BTU[54_X.(+Q_P#FD>C_`/@QM?\`Y J1/^#A
MB\8?\DDT?_P86O\`\@5YWXE_X(Q0:1\0;'P/I_QA\(W7C[^W+#1K[1;F;3XY
MMLZ;I[BUBAOYKJ1;?J5N+>V=E^8`=*Z#X,?\$H/"GB'Q)X6O-)\<1^+]'\47
MWB+1-FO^%+BQ2WFTN"1FG5+75%D<,T?R;I%P""Z-RE9U,MX8C2=7ENDF]'4V
M23[]FK>>FZ=JABLUE45*^K:6JCNVTNG=/Y*^S5^J3_ at X/O'_`.:2Z/\`^!]K
M_P#(%2)_P<#WC_\`-)]'_P# ^U_^0:X'P?\`\$I-,\$/\%_%/B#6=?\`&?@_
MQ]K.CV][=^']'MKK04^U7"1R6CWL>HK<QD,?*,AMD =B%8L`IE\7_P#!-#P3
MXS^,WQDO/#_C.Z\(_#_X<^(FT28:C:6$#VMW)=2HMM#)>ZK%'+;Q1H#Y\LZ2
MN2 (2<FK>3\.*;CR/2Z;O.R:<8M/7>\E;IY[$QQV9.'.I;I-:1NU)2::T[1=
M^OEH[=ZG_!?Z\?\`YI3H_P#X'6O_`, at U,G_!?6\?_FE6C_\`@;:__(->/ZA_
MP3)\.Z)\,_$7BB3XU>&[K3].\67'A+1I].TU]0M?$5P+(7-IY,T$KJK3.Z1M
MN_=PX<F1BH5NG\1_\$?H=)\>V7 at NQ^+?A2Y\=?VW8Z/>Z-<2V$<NV=-T\]M'
M#?37,BP=2L]O;NR_, .E/^Q^'+I<CUM;6IUMY_WHW[75[!+'9FDVY;7OI'I>
M_P",6EW::5SO4_X+V7C_`/-+-'_\#+7_`.0:F3_ at O'>/_P`TMT?_`,#+7_Y!
MKS+]L+X(^!OA3^P5\.I/"K1ZU?1^,];TN\\0W&@0Z7?ZD(&V;6VRS.T2D'9O
MDS at _=0\5U_C_`/X)X?#WX@^)?@]H?@O6-6\+WOB#X<6OC#7[FYTLW-N]LL4S
MW%]\UXSBX8JBBUC01\Y\U>16*RG(.3VLJ34;M7O/I'F;>MTK+M<OZWF7-[/G
M7-:]K1_G4+;6O=K_`(?0Z)/^"[5X_P#S2_1__ NU_P#D*ID_X+HWC_\`-,='
M_P# JU_^0J^5_P!H;]E^/X-^&_A_XBT'7+CQ1X9^)6G27NDSW&FBPODDBE\J
M6&6W668*RN5 *R,&SQTKZX_:*_X)F>'OA-^RKHNH:;X3UZV\=>!I='N?%FIW
M,=R;'6H[W/G)$)"86^SNT:L8@,#.[DUM4R/((>SO3?ORY%[T]&GRN]Y*R4M'
MV;1SK,LR?-:7PPY]HZJRDK63UDMNY33_`(+D7C_\TRT?_P`"K7_Y"J9/^"W]
MX_\`S3/1_P#P)M?_`)"J_P#'/_ at FCI/QN_;3\<6&DW,GPZTN;7(]*T9(=$T^
MWT624:?#-Y<.Z^@F=RV_<EM;2[,ACU./,/!/_!,>U\4?#?P]J,GCV6V\1>)O
M#^M:]::<NA>9:(-,D,<D<ES]H##>=I5A"W4Y`P,\M'+^')48U9PM=)VO4=KQ
M<^CZ13;]/-'34Q&:JM*E"5[-J]HJ]I*'5=9-)?\``9Z(O_!;>\;_`)IKH_\`
MX$6O_P`A5(O_``6OO&_YIOH__ at 1:_P#R'7G_`.P1\$OAOXV^`/Q \6>/M.T&
M;_A'=:T6TBO-8N-42VM;>YF9)P$L'5VD91A"P*A]NXA=QKTWQO\`\$MK#Q'J
MNLV^F+9^!]+TWQEJEI)+<03W^H6>EP67VQ'+"\,,RE&0(BQK)\XWRDAA58C*
M<@H5IT:M)KEW?-*VT'I[U]%-7T_2^=#&YE6IQG3FGS.R5E?>:[=X.VO;SM63
M_ at M/>/\`\TXT?_O_`&O_`,AU,G_!9Z\?_FG.C_\`?ZU_^0ZA^+_[''@_QY\'
M_ .OZ3J'_"-^$_#/PY.OZQJ\/AR!=4U=S<^7%OMDN K3.<C<\Y"A>6KU;XR_
MLA^&?B)H?Q"\.>$?#7A;3=4OO^$,M-*OCI4%JUD;G(FE!128RX^:0(26QC+5
MSRR_(E;]R_BY7[TU;W^2[N_G;>Q<<7F+U]HK<O-M'^13LM-=&E=:7/,T_P""
MRMX__-.]'_[_`%K_`/(=3)_P6,O'_P":>Z/_`-_;7_Y#KPO]IS]E30_V?]#M
M;K2OB!H_BBZ_M2?2[S3!+8K?VAC'RS>7:WEU^Z8AQ^\,;JP`9 3QV7[#7[.?
MA?\`:6\`>)M-N].W>*-)US19HKT7$RD:;/=K!=KL5 at F%5 at VXC<,\$ &NYY%D
M7L/K,:;<;I7YI]6E?62T5[ORNS"699E&I[*4K/7I'HGIHMVU9>;7J>C)_P`%
M@[QA_P`D^T?_`+^6O_R)4J_\%>[QO^:?Z/\`]_+7_P"1*B^.O[(?@6W\$7FI
M^"_#\ZR_$;Q#HFF>!XWN[B1K&&>SCGN#@N?,R[%"9"VWMC%;W[67_!-[3X?^
M$,M?AEX9UK3;MM</A35)=0%PL>H3")'74%\TG$+8FRT?R?+A1GKPPR_(&XJ5
M)QYG;64E:RBW?W]+.2B_[U^BN;SQ69QN_:)V5]$MKRV]WJHN2\O-I&6G_!7*
M\?\`YD'1_P#ONU_^1*D3_ at K5>,/^1#T?_OJU_P#D2MKQ_P#L=_"GX7^(_@[-
MKVD^(/#_`(7U:*_M-:U+6$O+)-1OHF"6OVK.39QSE6?"A"L;$DC:7&8W['VE
M>&++Q!XQ\1>&OA_JGAGP[X9N-6TN/P;KM_=:7XCG$JPGS)I;AY at L#-EA&8\D
M@;CAA4K+\A<>9496UMK+5IR5E[V_NWMV:;LMG]8S2_+SJ_N]%]I1:>VWO6;V
MNFE>PB?\%8;Q_P#F1='_`.^K7_Y$J1/^"K-X_P#S(NC_`)VO_P`BUS/[%GP7
M\.?M&^/?$7B;6O &?"/A'34\_0_#QU&4W]U*^R,*6GDGW ;W(5\8C' &<]!X
M/^"5O\&OVL/B9\/;[1])U#0H=#U74+'^TM+M[J98UM));62.:2,R(5##)1ER
MR\Y(XTK93DU.<Z7L7S1BY-<TMEJU?F>MFGVU6N]LZ..S"HHS51<KDHWLMWHG
MMM?1^?RO:3_ at JA>/_P`R/H__`)*__(M3)_P5(O'_`.9)T?\`\E?_`)%KY'AJ
MU#UKU/\`5/*O^?7_`)-+_P"2.'^W,=_/^$?\CZR3_ at I]>/\`\R7H_P"5K_\`
M(M3)_P`%-;Q_^9,T?_OFU_\`D6OE&&K4/6I_U4RO_GU_Y-+_`.2!9[COY_PC
M_D?5"?\`!2R\?_F3='_[XM?_`)&J9/\`@I'>/_S)^C_]\6O_`,C5\MPU:AZT
M?ZJ97_SZ_P#)I?\`R0?VYCOY_P`(_P"1]/)_P4:O&'_(HZ/_`-^[7_Y&J1?^
M"B5XW_,I:/\`]^K7_P"1J^9XNE6(Z/\`53*_^?7_`)-+_P"2#^W,=_/^$?\`
M(^E4_P""A=XQ_P"13T?_`+]6O_R-4J?\% [Q_P#F5='_`._-K_\`(U?-L76K
M4/6I_P!5<K_Y]_\`DTO_`)(/[<QW\_X1_P`CZ,3]OF\?_F5]'_[\6O\`\CU,
MG[>-X_\`S+&C_P#?BU_^1Z^=X:M0]:7^JN5_\^__`":7_P`D3_;N._G_``C_
M`)'T$G[<]X__`#+.C_\`@/:__(]3)^V]>/\`\RWH_P#X#6O_`,CUX##5J'K4
M?ZKY9_S[_P#)I?\`R0?V]COY_P`(_P"1[PG[:MX__,NZ/_X#6O\`\CU*O[9M
MXW_,OZ/_`. MK_\`&*\,AJS%_6C_`%7RS_GW_P"32_\`D at _M['?S_A'_`"/;
MT_;$O'_Y@&C_`/@):_\`QBI$_:\O&'_(!T?_`,!+7_XQ7BL/2K472I_U7RS_
M`)]_^32_S'_;N._G_"/^1[,G[6=X_P#S`]'_`/ .U_\`C%2)^U7>/_S!='_\
M`K7_`.,5X_#UJQ#TH_U7RS_GW_Y-+_,7]NX[^?\`"/\`D>N)^U%>/_S!M'_\
M`K7_`.,U,G[35X__`#!]'_\``&U_^,UY/#5J'K6?^K.6_P#/O_R:7^8?V]CO
MY_PC_D>I)^TA>/\`\PG1_P#P`M?_`(S4R?M$7C_\PO1__ "U_P#C->8PU:AZ
MT?ZLY;_S[_\`)I?YA_;V._G_``C_`)'I"?'Z\?\`YAFC_P#@OM?_`(S4R?'6
M\?\`YANC_P#@NM?_`(U7G<-6H>M'^K.6_P#/O_R:7^8?V]COY_PC_D=\GQLO
M'_YA^C_^"VU_^-5M>'/&&N>*K:XFL].\/^5:LB2O/;Z?;JK/N*C,B+DG8W ]
M*\QAKN/ G_(@:U_V$++_`-%W=>7G&3X#"82>(ITKN-MY2MJTOYCNRW-,9B,3
M&C.IH[[*/9OL=+]M\2?\^7A#_O\`:361I7Q'U#7/&FM>'K1/"-QJWAVVL[K4
MHD.F;;1+LW MPTFW9O?[+.=@8N%4,0`Z%J=>$>$=&?Q-^TA\=-)74-2TM=9U
M7X<Z;)=Z?/Y%U!'//J$+F-\':VQV&2".>01Q7Q-/%TI.WL8_?/\`^3/JI8:H
MO^7LONA_\B?37VWQ)_SY>$/^_P!I-<_IWQ=NM8^*%]X-LX_"]WXCTNRAU"\M
M88M/D6UAF$YC9Y0AC4E;:9MI;<%520`Z%N 3X):3X5\1>&[JU\4?%*\D;Q'I
M%J]OJ7B at 7%K/%-J-O#(DB) C,#&[#AQR1U'!Y?\`9N_Y2+_&K_L6M)_]-^J5
MV8.IAZLW%T8VY9/1SWC%O^8Y\13K4XIJK+>*VAU:7\I]#_;?$G_/EX0_[_:3
M7.>.OC+-\-M3T*QUC_A%(+WQ-=R66FV\,>GW,MU*D$EP^%B1BJK'$Y+L`H.U
M<[G4'\4OV[?V[?BK^SM^U5\:/AK\-?C1XGU[X/Z]K5A+XX\<2Z->:Y<?`N?4
M+QH+NSM+N%@J(JC$<0YB/[F'R[J*65OT*\=6&G:5XZ_93M='\2WOC/2;:*]B
MLO$%YJ"ZC<:[`N at R".\DN5^6=YE D:5>'+EAP:6#J4*N(ITIT8VDTM'/K;^^
M&*A5IT9U(U97BF]H=/\`MT^G/V!=<NM<_;M_:*:YD#>3HWA&*)%18XX4V:JV
MU$4!5&YF; `RS,>I)/V'7QC_`,$[O^3Y_P!H[_L%>$?_`$7JE?9U<5/X4=TM
MPHHHJB0HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`
M****`/PG_P"#FOX!>/?CG>?!U? W at SQ1XNDTW3[S[5_9&DW%\MIOM=*V>;Y*
M-LW;'QG&=C8Z''S3^T#^T;^UQX_^*VO>.OAO^SYXZ^#WC#Q5XBU?5=?U:PT3
M6->N/$=G<BP6PM;S^TX+@,]A'9R1PM$(H(TNI5M[:U5Y5E_<KQO_`,AF'_L'
MV7_I+%7A/_#5MYJ'Q8U[PSH_PM^(6O67AG5(M)U3Q!:W.B0Z9:2O;P7#,5N-
M1BN62.*XC9BL!/W at H8CGZC \<SHY=0RJOAX5:=!U91Y[V3J\BF[;:\L$F]FD
MXV;.>>6R=25:$W'FM?1=%I^3/Q%_:F\"_M3?M@^+]!OO$GP&U[P[IOA][VY@
MTSPS\/\`4;*V>[O9/-N[R3=&\DD\[B,NS.03&& #,[/1^#7P%_:*^!U]>W&B
M_ WQ)>2:@BQRCQ!\)8?$**%)(\M-0L9UB//+1A21@$D`5^W7 at _\`;P\!WGA;
M7->\7:[X7^'N at Z;K%OI%G?:[XCLHK?4'FTVUOUVS"3R"^VY*[8I9581%E=E/
M'M-O<1W<$<L3I)%(H='0[E<'D$'N#7I2\1JT*4:$<+",(JR2O:TO?\]^:_S.
M*MD4:L^>=1W]%T=OP9^(.C?'[]N[2M0U6;_A&/BA>0ZM)I\K6.H?#..^TZQ:
MPS]C-G:36+V]EY.<I]FCBVD*>J at C.D\?_MH:CIWC"SU#P'X_U:S\>:Z_B?6+
M?4_A=#?Q/JC1F,WL"36+BUGV' DMQ&PP,$8&/VL^+7Q U#X9^$'U33?!_B3Q
MM-'(%?3]$FL(KI4P29<WMS;Q;5QR!)NY&%/..#^#O[:WAOXE^$-!UC7M/O?A
MA%XN2VE\.V_B_5=(M[KQ!'<>6(GMH[:]G)RTT2;'VOOE1=N2*XZ?'EVW#"4[
MZ+;7I;IK\*M_AT^'12R&RM*K*SO^33_"37I)]]?QE^+?@/\`:J^._P`?+CXH
M^)_ GQ>NO']S<V]XVM6GA"ZT^XCGMU1(98Q;P1K&Z"-,, at 4@J#UYKT35OB?^
MV)XB\:77B.^^%>I7&O:D+A=0OW^!^E^?JRSH4F6[;^S,W2N"<K-O!.&QN (_
M7[PS^U%\,_&B>)6T?XB>!=67P9&\OB V6O6MP-"1-^]KO;(?("^7)DR;0-C9
MZ''*^"OVYOA[X]\6>((]-\5>#K[PKHUEI<\'B2U\16LUAJ%S?7-W;):I(&\H
M2"6U5 /,)9Y0N 1S7^O\G!0^JPY8JR711=E9*VB=DK+1Z(<N'_><W5E>^KZW
M7?S5[^6Y^8?@S]H7]N;P%\38?%VC>'?B5I>L6N at KX8M8[?X;Q)I]AIH='^RV
M]D++[+ FZ-"?*B4G')/->1_%'X _'SXR>(X]5UCX->*K6ZCA$ 71/AHNAV[*
M&+9:&QM(8F?+'+E2Q& 20 !^VWA;]K;X;^*-4\/Z2/''@VS\2^)H(YK'09?$
M-A)J4S/"D_EI'#,XE81R(V8F=2K!@S*0QT_!/[1OP]^)?CO5/"_AOQYX,\0>
M)M#\S^TM(TW6[:[O]/\`+<1OYT$;F2/:Y"G<!AC@\TZ?'DZ<^:GA8*6NJWTN
MWJEM=MOU;ZDRR%.+4JLK:7^Y)?@DEZ)=#\B+KXH?MI:I\8+'Q]=>'_BO=>+-
M-\/MX5MK^;P.TGDZ:R,C0"-K4Q\AWRY7>2Q8MGFL#]F'2/VH/V//%-UKGP]^
M&_C;1=:NH_*-_<?#A-2N84VNK+#)=6<K0AE=E<1E=XP&W #'[DUY?>_M/H?C
M)>^$=)\#^./$5OHM_:Z7K6O:=%9?V;HEU<1Q3)'*LMRETX$4\$CO!!+&BR at L
MPVR;%'CZ33I+"PM)6:Z-7V>FW-)[Z7EW>K?#RM?VLO=U]&DDFO.R2TULET1^
M7?@SXL?M?^!OAYKW at _3OA]X at C\(^)]3.L:EH4WPAL+C2[BZ/E_.+:33VB0#R
MHR$1512H(4')JSIGQD_;(TR*QMX?"?CJ/3=/TFZT&+2O^%:P?V6UA<R^=-;/
M9?8OL\D1?D*\;!!PNT<5^E_C']NOX2^%/ASXZ\36_C[PCXAM?AO;/<Z_;:-K
MEG=W6GE2RB*11*!'([J459"N7&WK6M9_M=?"[6-1T?3]-^(W@/4M8\26!U+1
M=.M_$-I)=:S;@2'S;>-9"TJ?NI/F0,/W;_W36$^.DHN<L)3MOM_=:[?RW7^&
MZV*_L!WM[:77\TW_`.3--^=GN?EV/BG^V%=^(O$6HWWA;X@:LOBNTM+'5--U
M/X>1W^CSP6NW[,BZ?-9O:1B+:-GEQ+MRV,;FSY7XP_9K^-WQ"\8ZIKVL?#+X
MB7&JZU=RWUY*OA2YA66:1B[L$2%44%B?E4!1T `XK]0?`?\`P4^\,ZI\&_$'
MC3Q1I'_",Z=X=TA=9G4:Q:3-)%_9^F7A1%E>&1G+:FD*D(8RR#<\;2QH?7M!
M_:N^%WBGQ%X?T?3?B1X#OM8\5VHOM%L+?Q!:2W6KVYW_`+VWC60M,G[N3YD!
M'[M^?E..J/'5:C*\,+!.RV[6T6GDMNR\C)Y#"4;.K*VK\M+7?XK7S/R^T+0O
MB%%^QA%\*=2^`OQ;N-0TSQ--XHTK6[2VN+>*WN)+>*#9-:O8R&5 L9/RRQDE
MAS at 8-VY^+/[7VIZ[XZU&Z\/_`!$NKCXEPV\'B1)_`JR0:B+=!' WDM:F.*2-
M5&V2)4<$`ALC-?J3\.?CKX(^,6H:Q:>$?&7A7Q5=>'Y_LVJPZ1JT%])ILN6'
MESK$[&)LHXVO at Y5O0UU5<TN.I-N4L-%\VNK;WY=K[7Y8O31V3Z(N/#Z248U&
MN7M;NW^#;]+L_)A/B;^U#K_CWP_X@\1>!?'&IZIH=Y8W)UJW^']M:^))UM=@
M0'53I[W+/Y:!"TIE##[ZR#*GT_XO?M=_M$>(D\&IX!^$/C[P&WA&34[HWDGA
M6WN[O4;G4 R7$DBV^F6MJ,QL5^6W#DLS,[,01]?I^U<NK_$:YT70?A_\0O$V
MCZ;JJZ)J7B;3[:R72M/N_,6.5"LUS'=3+"S*))+:WEC4[QN+1R!&6_[8.D:[
M\2?'_ at _0/#?BGQ)XE^'\-O++968LH?[9\W =;.2XN8HV,)8+)YKQA6. 6/%9
M3XRC4Y>;"P>C:6NJ:5W;JFFMTTU9FD<D=-MJM)-65^S3:2OT:=UHTT[GYSV^
MO?M-6/A.ST/3?!'BKP[IMG?6>I;-!^'D.CR7-Q9G=;23R6MI&]P8V^<><S_-
M\W+<UO2_%?\`:JO/$/B+4IO!OB*1_%T2QZ[:/\,[0Z?K3+,9EFNK/[%]GGG$
MA+">2-I1G&_'%?H)^S9^TS=?M'VE]>+\.?'7 at W3;.>XM%O->FTEH[JXM[B2V
MGB1;.^N)`R2Q."754(7*LP(SZE6T^.)7O+#0UU_+_)?<NR,XY"EI&K+33[KV
M^YM^C;\S\B/$EG^T1XN^'TGA2Z\#^,+7PW)K@\2#3M-\#C38(;_RA#YT:V]M
M'Y?R`#8F$SSMW<UU&K_$?]J'Q)X at TO6K[PGXIN/$FCS6L]MK[?#V`:WOM at JP
MM)?BS^U2X5%5O,D;>HP^X$@_<OP__;8T_P`=?$&QT:;P/XZT'2]:UO4?#NC^
M(-0&G/INKW]DUR)H8UM[N6YCRMG=.K3P1*1"1D,R*VKX[_;:^%O@;X>^/O$2
M^-_"^MV_PQA>7Q):Z5K%I<W6EN"ZB"5/- BF=T9%20H2X*]0:?\`KU-)/ZM#
MOZ;*_ELE]WD'^KJNX^TEKIZW;T\TW?R;OUN?GS\8]4_:,_:!\*Z?H?BCP9XJ
MN-)TR]FU*WM;'P''I<:7,_,TQ%K:Q;G<\L6SD\]>:V]!^)'[4'AZ/PE]E\.^
M,HKCP-;K9:+>GP/&U]:6JK(@M3<M:F:6WVRN##([1D'E3 at 8_0+0?VK?A?XHU
M_0])TWXD> [[5O%%D=1T>QM_$%I+<ZK;`2$SP1K(6EC BE)=`5_=OS\IQO\`
MP^^*WA?XM:=<WGA7Q)H'B:TLYA;7$^DZA%>QP2F-)!&[1LP5O+DC?:>=KJ>A
M!J?]=I*/L_JL++6UM/Y6[6]5^ O[!3:G[:5VM_)Z_CO^)^9'B\?M!?$'QMX:
M\0:KX1\827W@]8$T6*#P=]EL=,6&3S$6*TBMUMU4/R5\O#?Q`UL:7XK_`&D]
M,\?>,O$\>A>/#K7Q`MI+/Q!/+X4,JZA%)@LIC: QIC:,%%4J!A2!7Z<WUVNG
MV4UPX8I"C2,%ZD 9XKP3PK_P4C\`^+?A3\/_`!5#9>)H5^(NO0>'K'2YK6$:
MA93RR+&)+A%E*)"OF0L75W^6>+ 8N!1#CF<GR1PT-+*W^-V^Z4DK]&[7%/AV
M*7-*K*W_`,BM/FE>W5*]CYUMOVFOVM%UQ]3DT_QA=7[:D=7CGNO EO<-:71A
M6%I8/,M#Y!:-`I$6T'+9!+,3AZ+\0OVE-#MM)AM=%\;11Z%IU_I-B/\`A$@W
MD6M\^^ZCYM_FWMSN;++_``E:^\-)_:6^'.OKXJ-C\0/!-Z/ NX^)3!KEK)_P
MCVW?N^V;7/V?'E29\W;CRW_NG'"^!_\`@H5\*_%'ASQ1XBOO'OP_T;P=HGB,
M>'+#Q%/XIL_[,UJ7[%;W1,4[,L6X&:1-BNY_<,<]0N<.,D_=CA*>R>W3X%TZ
MJ7*EU3:6ES260R3NZTKW^=T^?[TUS>NNY\>_!V]^/7P*\.:KH_AOPCXD at TO7
M)[>ZO;2^\%1ZE#/+`2T+[;FVD 9&)(*XP<'J!CJ-.^-G[45A?-<I:^/6F?5[
MC79&E\+^9YUW<0F"5G#6Y#QM$=GE-F,`#"# Q^@]O<1W<$<L3I)%(H='0[E<
M'D$'N#7-?&7XLZ?\$?AY>>(M2M]0OH;>:WM(+.QC62ZOKFXGCM[>WC#,J!Y9
MI8XP7=$4N"[HH+!U.-W.3<\-!N6CTNWLK;7>R5O)+L13X=22C3JRMTMMU_S?
MWONSXC/QC_:3GNX)&T#7UM[?26T)+!? =LNG&Q9Q(8&M!:"W9=P!&Z,D<X(R
M:DUSXP?M+^)9-4>XLO'$,FL/827,EGX7%D^ZQ.;4QM# AB\L]/+*Y[YKZPC_
M`&L_#/A/P ?$'Q*!^"L/]HG3!!XZU33=/,LWEB5?+FBNI;:4,A)'ES,<HX(#
M(P!_PV9\-8?CY??#6Z\7^'K#Q99V5A>QVEUJMK$]\+QY$AC at 0R>9))E4)4)T
MN(,$[Q2CQD[KEPL+Z6MW^)6TWO[WKKN#R'2[K2M;\/A^ZUH^FFQ\U^%OC3\:
MM-\2ZYX at U+X=ZE>>)M4T^[M;75K/P;!I=W:7-T-DMU)+;VB23OY;2@!WP&</
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M;74?!T-]#:QS.'D&R:W=7)8`AG#,O8 at 5L6OQ"^/%IXDL=4M]+\46<FFV,NF6
MUG;>&5 at TV*UFSYL/V)(!;%'/+ QD,P4G)4$?56D_M+?#G7U\5&Q^('@F]'@7
M<?$I at URUD_X1[;OW?;-KG[/CRI,^;MQY;_W3C/\`#G[8/PD\86.GW6D_%+X<
MZI;:M>?V?8RV?B2SGCO+G?$GD1LLA#R;YH5V+ELRQC&67,_ZZ3F[?5H.^O\`
MX%>_3[5WZW?</]78P_Y>R73_`,!MI\DEZ678^7_$.O?&+Q3X&O/#,_AG4K/0
M=0NH[RYLM,\'0:;%/+&,(S"WMX\X].G /4"NV^'_`,5/B%I6KW&K^*? ?C;Q
M1K</AN7PMI=PMM]ABL[1X9(L2HMHSSLN_(8NIX().1CVS3?VO/A/K$&O26?Q
M0^'=U'X5E2#6GA\1V<BZ1(\AC5+DB3]RS2*R`/@E at 1U&*FTW]JWX6ZSI&IZA
M9_$KP#=V&BZ?%J^HW,/B&TDAL+*49BNI7$F(X7'*R,0K#H364^,>>FXO#QL]
M[76ZUU5MXK?MY%QX?Y9J2JRNMNNS3V?]YIV[V>Y\70_!3QD/^91\3_\`@KG_
M`/B:L1?!?QB/^93\3?\`@KG_`/B:^[_ /Q#\/_%7PE9Z_P"%]<T?Q)H6H!FM
M=2TJ]CO+2Y"L58I+&61L,I!P3@@CM6Q77+CW$IV=%?>SG7#%%JZJ/\#X!A^#
M?C ?\RKXD_\`!9-_\35B+X/>+A_S*OB/_P`%LW_Q-?4OPA_:^\&_&+2O'6H6
MUS/HNG_#W4+BRU6[U at Q6MOY,*EC>H^\K]D95<K(Y7(C<D #)L1_ME_!^71M!
MU%?BM\-FT_Q5<R66BW0\361AUB>-U1XK9_,Q-(K.BE4)(+J",D5/^OF(;TI+
MH]WUV#_5>DOMOKT73?[O^"?+D/PB\6#_`)E?Q%_X+9O_`(FK$7PE\5#_`)EG
MQ!_X+IO_`(FOLC1?B;X;\1R:2FG^(-#OWUZVEO-,6VOXI3J,$102RP[6/F(A
MDC#,N0ID7)&1G<H_U\Q'_/I?>Q_ZKTOYW]R/B2/X4>*0/^1:\0?^"^;_`.)J
M=/A7XH'_`#+>O?\`@OE_^)KZ6\5?'I?!7QG\.^$=2\+>)H+3Q5,UGIOB(-9/
MI<]X+:>Y-J56X-VLGDVTS;FMQ%\N/,R0#WU'^OF(M?V2^]A_JO23LYO[E_7=
M>J:W3/C./X7>)@?^1=UW_P``)?\`XFK$7PQ\2#_F7M<_\ )?_B:^Q**G_7RO
M_P`^E][#_5>E_._N1\B0_#7Q&/\`F7];_P# &7_XFK$7PX\1#_F ZU_X!2__
M`!-?6=%'^O=?_GTOO9/^JM+^=_<CY5A^'GB ?\P/6/\`P"D_PJQ%\/\`7A_S
M!-7_`/ .3_"OJ*BI_P!>J_\`SZ7WL/\`56E_._N1\SP^`]<'_,%U;_P$D_PJ
MQ'X&UL?\P?5.O_/I)_A7TA11_KU7_P"?2^]A_JK2_G?W(^=XO!.M#_F$:I_X
M"O\`X58C\&:P!_R"=2_\!7_PKZ HJ?\`7BO_`,^E]['_`*K4OYW]R/!XO"&K
M#_F%ZC_X#/\`X58B\)ZJ/^89J'_ at ._\`A7N%%'^O%?\`Y]+[V+_56E_._N1X
MQ#X6U0?\PV__`/ =_P#"K$7AK4A_S#[[_OPW^%>OT5/^NU?_`)]K[V'^JM+^
M=_<CRF'P[J _Y<;S_ORW^%6(M OA_P`N5W_WY;_"O3J*/]=J_P#S[7WL/]5:
M7\[^Y'G<.B7H_P"7.Z_[]-_A5B+1[P?\NMQ_WZ/^%=Y11_KM7_Y]K[V'^JM+
M^=_<CC8=+NA_R[W'_?LURG[0^@>+_'?P.U[P'H?A?PKK^D^-89+'7H]?U.]L
M$:S>WG@>&/[+$TA,BW#Y<21E`@QN+93UVBN7%\53Q-)T:M)6=NKZ.YOAN'8T
M*BJTZCNO)>A^<_[/7_!)AOV5/C!H_C[P#\%?@WH/BS0?.^PWW_":>*+KR/.@
MD at D_=S!XVS%*Z_,IQNR,$ CW;0O!'QUTKQ;XVUR;PW\+[J_\:W&@SRJOB/5[
M6.S.E?;&C,;0VJ3!F>YC;<LJE#"<9WC9]145X_UW#WO[+_R9GJ_5:W_/S\$?
M/.FI\<M*U>QOH_ /PAEGTV[AOK<7/C;Q9<1K-#(LL;&.1F1MKHK88$9 XIWP
M9\)?%SX?_$WXD>/]3T7P+=>*/%>DV6FZ=8VNJ7JZ>CPPWD#232-:^8H"W*L%
M56WF,KNC#!E^A**TI9E1IRYHTNC6[V:L_P`#.I@:LU:53JGLNCNOR/ERP^'G
MQ at TKP[XET>U^%W[.EMI/C.YNKSQ!91?;4M]=GNEV7,MW&+/;.\R at +(T at 8N.&
M)%+X?^"WQ2UOXF_"^XUSP[\,_#?A7X:M<K9V/AFXNP(8'T^6TC at B@>V2-43=
M& %90JJ0`>!7U%14T<PH4JD:L*.L6FO>?0*N"JU(.G*IHU;9=3-_X)W?\GS_
M`+1W_8*\(_\`HO5*^SJ^,?\`@G=_R?/^T=_V"O"/_HO5*^SJSI_"CHENPHHH
MJB0HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****
M`/EOQO\`\AF'_L'V7_I+%7P_XJ\"?!_P)^T?\3-<\>?#"Z\5>-=1U^WU71M>
MM/@[K?B*;3HUTVQCA$>HPZ9*@>.6)W'D2N(R>JN&5?N#QO\`\AF'_L'V7_I+
M%7&^,_B1X=^'']D_\)%KVBZ#_;VHPZ/IG]HWT5K_`&C?39\JUA\QAYDS[6VQ
MKEFVG .*\N44W+S37R;3T\]$=D9:+Y/^OO/B31/^"87C[P=8>&[Y9]#U_4-%
MMVTZ?3+3Q]KOA".>"32-%M'E&H:=$9LK/I3?N'A>.2.5&+(Z!:^TO at _X)A^&
MOPG\,^';?3K?1[?0M+MK".Q at U";4(K)8HE01)<S*LLRKMVB210[@9(!)%='7
MGWQ7_:T^%7P&\10Z/XY^)GP^\&:M<VRWD-EKOB*STZXE at 9F195CFD5BA9'4,
M!@E&&<@UM*M.:Y7Y?A?[]WO=ZZ::$\J33[7_`!=_ZM^9O_%KQE9^`/ASJVJW
M\.L7%K!#Y;1Z5H]YJ]VQD81KLMK2*6>3#."=D;;5#,<*I(^=?V0/"$?C+6/A
MC>6MOK%O<?"?X>2>$[V?6O!^LZ')]LN/L 66S_M*RM_.B L)@Y0[E#Q!E <5
M[7\*/VM/A5\>?$4VC^!OB9\/O&>K6ULUY-9:%XBL]1N(H%94:5HX9&8(&=%+
M$8!=1G)%>@UE'W;^?^4H_E.7X=BM[?UU3_\`;4?"^F?\$]OBWK7B)M>\0ZIH
M-]KUCI*QO-J/CG6=<MO$]_#JFG:BCRVT]LEOIEK,UG(CP6<;)$)5VB4(%'=:
M[^RM\4/''Q];XNWUCX!TOQ=9Z=8:79Z OB.\U/1Y8D?4([J1IGL(C#<""\4P
MSQVYD4B:$GRIG+?5U<7\7OVD/AW^SY_9_P#PGWCWP7X'_M?S/L/]OZW;:;]M
M\O9YGE><Z[]GF)NVYQO7.,BG*3E#V;VU\MW=[=[VMM;1)(6TG+J[7\[6M?TL
MM=^[9\]_"7_ at GUXB\"_L_2>%[NZ\,KK5QXF\+:S)>VCR']SI5MI$,OSM"&,F
M;&X,0*XPZ9*Y8+B_L":3XP7XS>&-!O\`PBFE^%_ at _P"![OPG!K:Z;K&EKK4L
MEU8B.3[-J&G6BJ[I922,+:6ZC4MS*-R&3ZX^'GQ(\._%SP?9^(O">O:+XG\/
MZAO^RZGI-]%>V=SL=HWV2QLR-M=&4X)PRD'D&MJM5B)<[D_Z?)[-/Y1OIU;N
M[VL1*"<>5>6OES<UOF_N6P5\1_M.^)KK3/VNY9(?!E]H-WINJ:;<R>/O"GA+
MQ?<ZU<V$203MIUPEAI$MGJ<+_O(BLE\T48E!,(F at P?JCQG^TA\._AQ\1-)\(
M>(O'O at O0?%FO>3_9FB:CK=M:ZCJ/G2F&+R;>1Q))OE5D7:IW,I49(Q7:5A'2
M2EV_K^ONV;3T>J<>_P#7]7/B'0/^"?GQ5\1#Q;-XJUO26UCQ!X U?PG-JEQX
MVUCQ`-4O[M[9TO?L=Q##;Z="6BD+6UFNQ-RA2X4;=:;]AOQQXE^..H^*O$GA
MWPYJEMXJU;3?$%]!;?%CQ'I]MH-Y:P6T`"6$-JMGJ81K.*9))X[=B6\ME*QJ
MY^R**IR;2B^B:[:.3D[6V][72UK)1LKIG5OJ_P#)+7OI%+6_5N[U/A_P!_P3
M-\<>'? GB+2+O6_"D<VL>!K_`,,PS0RW$RQ7,^E:%9H[*8D)C$NESDD'=M>,
M@$E at NY#^Q!XVU[X^WGBSQ-X;\-ZM9^*-9TOQ#?VUO\5_$=C:Z%=VD%K"`FGP
MVRV>J!#9Q3(\Z6[,6\MAMC5S]B45<ZTIM.716^5[_G9WWT5K:WGE232\_P`;
M+].NFY\]_L+_`+.?C;X`1ZG:^(E\/Z3X>@TVQTK0=!TS7)_$$>EQP><9/+OK
MNSM[Q8&:7*6T\ERL."(Y$0B,?0E%%34J.;YI;E6U;[_\-^2^>[NVV?%?A_\`
M:,\3_LO?$3Q%X*T/PMJVO^#3XLOM2&K2^ O&:WFG)=7SW%Y!'%:Z)/:WX$LE
MQY-REW&CI)&2'V%Y>L^!W["GC;X/_%3P)XXNOB)>>(=8MY=6'BC2KN.TBTR*
M+5&:[NA8O#9)=2%;Z.U*?:I6'E*^-A(4_5%%$9\K4ENE:_E:UOFM&]WWO=DR
M7->^S=_GJ[_>[VVZ6MH<'^SE\,-0^$/PXN-'U*:SGNI=<UC4PUL[-'Y=WJ5S
M=1C+*IW".90PQ@,"`2,$]Y114MW*/S\TC1M._9]^*D&M6,/Q4UKQ-I?BOQ!_
M:^FWG at OQSJOA\6M]J%RWVO2W73I[:UO889 %EM(_)G22XC+$3+<)V_AS]@/X
M@:A\,KOPOJ]QX#T.'PW\,]0^''AV[T:XN9EUS[2T)6^OK=H(Q:[?LL9\F.2X
M^:XG/F<#=]F45<:CC\/HO+22T]%*5KW^+RC8ZN3ZM-^=GS?FE\DO._R/K7[(
MOQ2\<^*M274K'X<Z3I/C'Q1HWC/6-0LM:N[C5-'NM.AM4%E;AK*-;J&0V40$
M[O;M''<S+Y+[07]^_9C^%,OP*_9S\"^#;A=/2Z\+Z%9Z9<?8`1;--%"J2-'E
M5.UG#')4$YR0#7=44E4:@X+9V?\`X"N5?=&R^2;UNW/*KI]E;]?SU_X!7U>T
M;4-)NK="H>:%XU+=`2".:_.WP_X$^'_AKP-X;N[73OC(GCJ"S\)66KR'X6>,
M6TU!I-Q9O<S6J_V3N6:>*TA0L0/,%I:A at FPFOT:ILTJP1-(QVJ at +$^@%3&R=
M^[B__ ;V^^[3[HJ5VK=-5]]O\D?$MI_P3W^(]]X1\-Z;?1_#6U_X57H%EH?A
MN&SO+IK3Q>+;5;"_$FI1-:C[$'&FQKLC-WL>[F?+[ LCO&G[!_Q0\<_$:Y\?
M:G:^%;C7-0U749I_#VD_$CQ!X:MHK6[LM)AR-5L+9)Y'233,-$]MY<JRJW[M
MHPI^RO\`A*;#_GO_`..-_A1_PE-A_P`]_P#QQO\`"MN:IO;^;I_,TY/_`+>:
MU[?9L3S*][]OP7*ON7W];F9\'_!,/PU^$_AGP[;Z=;Z/;Z%I=M81V,&H3:A%
M9+%$J")+F95EF5=NT22*'<#)`)(K._:$\':AX_\`A'JVCZ=X=\%^+IK[RDET
M7Q8&_LC4X1*AEAF*Q3%<QAMK&&4*^TE&&172?\)38?\`/?\`\<;_``H_X2FP
M_P">_P#XXW^%15C.HW*2>KOW_.]_G>_4*<HP22Z?UTM^'R/S]^._[.?B?X.W
M'A37M9TWQ%J4S7.LP67 at WPMXG\=W-AX?L+B/35\B#6-%T^6ZCB62S#K:3VL<
M!%RZ1!5M5SZ)IG[.'BSQUX8T/6OASHV@:3X;DT+PO#:Z3XENM:TR]TNZ\/:E
M-<):%;VP%W);SAC$+F>..5519?)G$@%?8$/B2RGE6-9MS.0H&QN2?PJ]5>TG
M%)+2S37K&[6^]F[W=W??1M-<J:MTLU][3?IM;2VGGJ?$MI\%?C=X0_:UF\6Q
M^!?AKKFL^+++7;J:.?Q%?Q:/HL<T. at 6R0F]_LR1I9F-E(?+,,0D0,05VE1]2
M?LW?!Y?V>_V?O!?@5;]M47PAHMKI`NS%Y7VCR8ECW!,G8IV\+D[1 at 9.,UVU%
M2JC5)4ELDE\DY<J^7,_-WU;TLW&\N9^;^;M?\O1'C?[>/@J'QW^SS):WC:ZF
MGV>NZ-J%[_8EOJD^I&W at U.VED%LNF1R7OF[5.UH5!0_,6159UX']G3X5^"/$
MWQRT_P`0> ]%\6:3I?A?0M4LM0N?%GAW7]/UF\OM2GLV6Y6ZUBW6:\?R[&1'
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M$NJ7=YXXUC7CKLD&M:9J,EREI<VR6NG!ULYMMK:H(T9XUW%0"G0>+O\`@G?K
MUSH=JMMI/@G6GLY=>N38R:[J&@^=+>^)K35[:1+ZRA-Q;RQ1VY;S4#%9E0;7
M0LP^M_\`A*;#_GO_`..-_A1_PE-A_P`]_P#QQO\`"G&56*BHZ<K;5E;66_IY
M)62Z6L@]UMR?6U_EMY_/?SOJ<=^R_P"!/%GPY^#ECIOCC5++6/$S7-U=WES;
M"$KF:XDE56DAMK5)G57"M,+:$R$%B at 8DGI?B7::YJ'PZUZW\,36-OXCGT^>/
M2Y;UF6WAN6C81/(55FV!R"<`G Z5<_X2FP_Y[_\`CC?X4?\`"4V'_/?_`,<;
M_"LJM-U$U):/U'3FH/F3ZWZ;WOMM\MNEK'Q_'_P3+\7_``V at BA\-_$";QC9_
M\(]I5C-:>+4M+:&2YT;4(+S3H0+"RCW6\F;V*:2;S9E$L;#S=I6O4M&\&?&+
M3?C='X\?PG\,)+SQ#I5KH>M:>WC&]8:-#;75Q*DUG<_V4#<&5+ER\+Q0`/#'
MB1 at 25]RM=?M+V=8XIMTC=!M(SW]*N5I*I/F3EW;^;O?[T[>22L3RKE:76U_E
M:WW63_.Y\=_L2>*='_X:D\=,-)^*EG9:A?7%GX,CUOX<:[I-G9V4[/JE^YNK
MBT2&(2WLTJ*)7C)6U at 0)G:7^Q***SO[L8K9)+_@^K=VWU;;ZE?:E)[MW?]>2
MLEY)'@/B+QMX7TW]N)9M8T7XA:EJMIIECHNCW*>%-?U#1],N9Y)FFEAECTYK
M"W,D5Q DUV+L_+&8Y!"(7+^_444NB7]=Q]7+O;\$E^@4444@"BBB@ HHHH *
M*** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBO+_\`ALWX:_\`0R?^4^Z_^-52BWL%TMSU"BO+
M_P#ALWX:_P#0R?\`E/NO_C5'_#9OPU_Z&3_RGW7_`,:H]G+L3S(]0HKR_P#X
M;-^&O_0R?^4^Z_\`C5'_``V;\-?^AD_\I]U_\:H]G+L',CU"BO+_`/ALWX:_
M]#)_Y3[K_P"-4?\`#9OPU_Z&3_RGW7_QJCV<NP<R/4**\O\`^&S?AK_T,G_E
M/NO_`(U1_P`-F_#7_H9/_*?=?_&J/9R[!S(]0HKR_P#X;-^&O_0R?^4^Z_\`
MC5:G at S]IKP/\0O$MMH^CZW]LU&\W>3#]CN(]^U2[?,R!1A5)Y/:CDEV#F1U7
M_!.[_D^?]H[_`+!7A'_T7JE?9U?&/_!.[_D^?]H[_L%>$?\`T7JE?9U>A3^%
M'/+=A1115$A1110`4444`%%%% !1110`4444`%%%% !1110`4444`%%%% !1
M110`4444`?+?C?\`Y#,/_8/LO_26*OR5_P""EFE^/O\`@IG^U)XF\(?#?0OB
M=K'A/]GC3IO[*UOP7KNFZ7!_PL1UCFMO/N+J[2.6&QB 23[.JWEK-+.ORB1"
MWZF?'#Q5>^&]=T&#3[&UO[S6%L[.-+F[:VCCQIIF+%ECD/2$C 7JPY%<'X,\
M&ZE\./[6_P"$=\ _#W0?[>U&;6-3_L[4FM?[1OIL>;=3>78CS)GVKND;+-M&
M2<5Y\='<Z=U8\_\`V&OVA;[]M_X%^ _B%-K&M>$_$&@_:]'\<>#H;6TABCUN
M$?9[JUO(9DGN[;R9E,T,:SPR^7-$9 at X;8-K_`(*0_P#*._X]?]DZ\0_^FRXJ
MYI'P%T_P_P",(?$6G_"/X1V/B"VU&]UB'4[>18[R*^O46.\NEE73PXFN$1%E
MD!W2*BABP KI_$ECXD\9>'=0T?6/"/@K5=)U6VDL[VRO-8EGM[R"12DD4D;6
M15T92596!!!(((-+K=#Z'Q[\4?VFO%/['G_!N[X/^(?@F:RMO%&B?#'PG!I]
MQ=6XN([5[J/3K0S",_*SQK.SH'#)O5=RNN4-WX;?M _'+P/^T1\1/#6M:Y_9
M_A^R^%%UXKTEOC!J_A.WU'2M7 at N7C2YGB\/S*ZZ*R./.GDC)5K=@LD9^5_JC
M_A#=2_X5W_PB'_" _#W_`(1/^SO['_L3^TF_L[[#Y7D_9?L_V'R_)\KY/+V[
M=ORXQQ6+\(?@+I_[/G]H?\(#\(_A'X'_`+7\O[=_8$BZ;]M\O?Y?F^3IZ[]G
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MG%(?,<!GV ;V`)R:KF_K05CX]U#]KW_A7_[-_B*'X.^'O^%3?$SQU^TX_P`/
M/%*17_\`;=G>^(;BZ0WUS:WUY&XMH9[>*/$S:=*(FWHMD<B=?%_^"@WQK^,'
MCK]BO]M3X6_%#Q/]NF^#>H^!KZUDMI;*]EOH=3E@=[.XNH]-L4EA1UBG0Q6E
MO,L@*-++$"'_`%$_X4+I_P#PI_\`X5[_`,*C^$?_``@'_0L^8O\`8_\`K_M'
M_'I_9_D_Z[][]W[_`,WWN:Q?!G['O at WX<?VM_P`([\!/@3H/]O:=-H^I_P!G
M6L%K_:-C-CS;6;R].'F0OM7=&V5;:, at XH4DM0LSYD_:$_9E\+?MD_M!?%/X`
M>#H;W^T==MO"MY^T#\1-0N"-0GBLXTFTBRLK4;+;^T+F.#>\\-NEI!$7RDLK
M+$GZ(U\^:_\`L,_#WQ5?1W6J?LZ_L^:E<Q6T%FDUUI]M-(D$$*001!FTTD)'
M#''&B]%1%4 ``#UO^UO&G_0O^%__``?S_P#R'4RU*1U%%<O_`&MXT_Z%_P`+
M_P#@_G_^0Z/[6\:?]"_X7_\`!_/_`/(=3RE7.HHKE_[6\:?]"_X7_P#!_/\`
M_(=']K>-/^A?\+_^#^?_`.0Z.4+G445R_P#:WC3_`*%_PO\`^#^?_P"0Z/[6
M\:?]"_X7_P#!_/\`_(='*%SJ**Y?^UO&G_0O^%__``?S_P#R'1_:WC3_`*%_
MPO\`^#^?_P"0Z.4+G445R_\`:WC3_H7_``O_`.#^?_Y#K1\;:OJG@?X>Z7JE
MQ8V$VJ:HT$8LX[U_L\;S7QM$_?&+<0.')\KC)&#C<3E8KGQ9^PS\-_#OP5^#
MG[&UY\/]!T7PWX@^(GARQD\:KHMC%;R^(-,7PO/<2WM]'&H\[R]3.F at 7<@+Q
M27HB611>R)-M6'[?WQ$TKP/\.O%6K6W at NXT7XK^'-.\>6Z0:9<VO_"$Z(=7\
M/PZDM[.UTZW?D:?KDDQO`EI%#_9TDKPM'(5B]T^$/P%T_P#9\_M#_A ?A'\(
M_ _]K^7]N_L"1=-^V^7O\OS?)T]=^SS'V[LXWMC&31I/P%T_0/\`A+_L/PC^
M$=E_PL+S/^$I\B18_P#A)?,\W?\`;=NGC[3N\^;/F[L^=)G[S9KK=DGS]XD_
MX*-_%6%=+MM-^'ME8:Y<7-JUUIWB6PO-+^S0:MXA\.VVAI.ZM*]L\FG:O?P3
M.8I -1T>_6))8[21).8^+G[0?B*/]L3PIIOBS3?!?B;Q!X!U%_!]U=KI$L&F
M:C]N\0_#6Y2]BLY)YGMYK=-67RR9Y<3V:3 @,(D^PM7\&ZEX at U2:^U#P#\/;
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M((IK:>**W7[!B%$FLK.153 5[2!@`8D*Z]GI?B+3)M6FL_"/@NSN-=G^U:C-
M;ZS+')?3"&. 2RL++,D at AAAC#-DA(D7HH !E>BC^P/%7_0#\/_\`A0S?_(-'
M]@>*O^@'X?\`_"AF_P#D&NOVT3#V;/!_C_\`#WP_\9OVO/AOX3\8:'H_BSPM
M+X/\3:L^C:S91WVGO>P7N at 107)@E#1F:..ZN423;N5;B4 @2,#TG["WB'4/%
MW[$?P<U;5KZ\U35-4\#Z+=WEY=S--<7<TEA \DLDC$L[LQ+%F)))))S78?%#
M]GR+XWZ!#I/C3X<_#OQAI=O<+=Q6>MWPU"WBF5602K'-I[*'"NZA@, at .PS@F
MND_L#Q5_T _#_P#X4,W_`, at T>VB'LV6-)_Y"MK_UU3^8KG/V_/$FH^#?V$?C
M7K&CW][I6K:5X"UV\LKVSG:"XLYX]/G>.6.12&1U8!E92"" 0016];Z-XKMK
MB.1=#\/;HV##/B&;&1S_`,^5:O\`:WC3_H7_``O_`.#^?_Y#K"K)2::-::LK
M,\8^)W at OX:?L+:2FH_#'P?\`#[P/XV\57.G>'[2QTRTCTVWO$OM9TW3/M]S8
M6K0B^2RFU"!_FPZB9XDFM_M;LWF/Q8_;W^*OPLU;XB:"S?#[4-6^$OA3QEKN
MJWXT*\AM_$,^EZ-X?U&Q6"#[<S6:;M?1)@\MR9!9L4,)F'E>Z>!?V8?#_P`+
MO#OB#1_#/P3^"WAW2?%EM]CURRTQ([.WUF#;(GE7,<>GA9DVRRKM<,,2.,88
MYNZ1\!=/\/\`@^'P[I_PC^$=CX?MM.O='ATRWD6.SBL;UUDO+58ET\((;AT1
MI8P-LC(I8,0*STZE&-^T5!J,GC+]F[1]>NK+5)-0\>A=:6VM6M]/U.>V\-ZW
M>QO]F>27:D=[:V]S$CR2&*6WA<.7C5ZYCX>_\% -<N+CXU7GC3X5>-/#&C_#
M/44M;!6DTB>\OYGTS2KB#21'!J,QGU2ZN+\BW2("&19K:+S!.60^@>,_ at UJ7
MC#7-)U9?"_A?1]:T?Q'#XIBU#3M;:*>>^2T-@[S;K!EF\W3WDLV,BLRPN/+:
M.2.&2/I]?L?$GBJQCM=4\(^"M2MHKF"\2&ZUB6:-)X)DG at E"M9$!XYHXY$;J
MKHK @@$(#YQ^._A'7_ at C_P`$V?BIX;UC0;V37K'P%XC^(=[XIT^XMFT73_%$
MTUWJ\D=ANE6^C>WU"0W%K*UN/*CA@)G,Z<_6?BG_`) ,_P#P'_T(5P'QG^'W
MB3XZ_"W6_!VLZ-HD6A^)+8V&J1VOB*5)+RS<@7%J6:Q8JD\.^%V3;*J2L8WC
MD"2+T-_<^,M1M&ADT'PRJOC)7Q!/G at Y_Y\J<=TWW#I8S:*/[`\5?] /P_P#^
M%#-_\@T?V!XJ_P"@'X?_`/"AF_\`D&NOVT3#V;/C/]O#P]I_B77_`-HC5M2L
M;/4-4^&OP7LO$/A&\N85EN/"VILWB1VOK"1 at 6M;DM96;&:$JY-I =V8DV_9E
M<WXV_9\B^)6OZ#JWB/X<_#OQ!JGA:X^UZ+>:E?"ZN-(FW(_FV\DFGEH7W11M
MN0 at YC0YRHQTG]@>*O^@'X?\`_"AF_P#D&CVT0]FS0\+?\AZ#_ at 7_`*":["N%
ML--\6:==K-'H?AUF3. WB&;'(Q_SY5I?VMXT_P"A?\+_`/@_G_\`D.N:M)2=
MT:TU9:GG_P"U'_R7']F__LHMW_ZB7B.O))?B3XS\&_M#_$+0? U]X8TK5OB!
M\<8-"FO]=TB?5;>S at C^'-AJ+,L$-U:LSLU at B`F4`"1C at D"OH'XA^#=2^+G@^
M\\.^+/ /P]\3^']0V?:M,U;4FO;.YV.LB;XI+%D;:Z*PR#AE!'(%>?>/?V+O
M#_Q$\$^"?"E]\*?AA%X)\!ZU)KNG^%X)XUT.:=[6]MRLMH=.,3)F_FF 55/G
M*CYX(:8E'R5\5_VX?$7@/XP>,?B!_P`([X+U3Q9X>\.2Z3YM]82R6L=]H$'Q
M37[=:IYOF6WVB72,%/-=DM[R>'S7)\X^G?M+?M(_$3P3^T)\.=%\1^&=%\5>
M)_"/B.U\66=EX86Y2)(=2\->-+<6+EA+/=?9#ILDCW4$`FN(Y,0Z?YRI!-]'
M7OP%T_4M+M[&X^$?PCN+*TTZ+1X+>216BAL8K>ZM8[55.GX6%+>]O(5C'RK'
M=SH`%E<-M7O at W4M2\86_B*X\`_#VX\06GE>1J<FI,UY#Y274<>V4V.]=B7MX
MJX/RK=S at 8$K[G=".H^&^N_\`"4?#O0=3_MK1?$G]HZ=;W7]K:.GEZ=JF^)6^
MT6R^;+MADSO0>;)A67YW^\?"OBY\&/"WQB_:6M)/"NB63?$+PWK6DZIXA\=N
MIFNO"EI;R6UQ_8MM<,3)&]_;(8Y+&W>.)+;4+FYG&ZZBCO\`UK0+'Q)X5L9+
M72_"/@K3;:6YGO'AM=8EAC>>>9YYY2JV0!>2:221VZL[LQ)))/%Z_P#LP^'_
M`!5\4H_'.J?!/X+:EXVBN8+Q/$%TD<VJ)/ $$$HN6T\RAXQ'&$;=E0BX(P,0
MM!GA?_!/OPWIWA;Q%^S;K&F:?9:=JWQ0^!U]XD\97MK L-QXMU16\+NM_J$B
M at -=W0:^O6$TQ>0&\N#NS*^[UO_ at HAX"L?$'P^\#:Y<3ZU'>^'OB+X-^RQVVL
M7=K9R^=XJT='^T6L<JP76 ,IYZ2>6V638Q)KL_ OPI;X7>(O$&L>&?AC\,/#
MNK>++G[9KE[IEW]CN-9GW2/YMS)'8!IGW2RMN<L<R.<Y8YVM?L?$GBJQCM=4
M\(^"M2MHKF"\2&ZUB6:-)X)DG at E"M9$!XYHXY$;JKHK @@$5UN'2Q\K_`!;\
M-Z=??%+XI^.9M/LIO&WA+XX^!/#>A^('@5M4T;2[H>$!<V%M<D>;#:S#4+\2
M0QLL;B^N=RGSI-Q_P3[\-Z=X6\1?LVZQIFGV6G:M\4/@=?>)/&5[:P+#<>+=
M45O"[K?ZA(H#7=T&OKUA-,7D!O+@[LRON^CM4^%+:Y\4M-\<WWPQ^&%YXVT:
MV-GI_B">[\S5+& B0&**Y- at 98T(FF!56`(E?CYCD\"_"EOA=XB\0:QX9^&/P
MP\.ZMXLN?MFN7NF7?V.XUF?=(_FW,D=@&F?=+*VYRQS(YSECDOI8.I\+?M!?
M"G_AD'X3_$KQ]:VOP7UGQ!XXU'XF1:%XK\,>'?LWB[PM?-9>)M66=]=$S/+-
M`EE)9/#'! T+OL\YA;D3>@_$CX)^#/"'[?WAOX2Z3X1\,:7\*O$ESX=O-7\&
M6FEP0^']4G?2?'TKRSV"J+>5VDTS37+.A);3[0DY at C*_5&E_"EM#^*6I>.;'
MX8_#"S\;:S;"SU#Q!!=^7JE]`!&!%+<BP$LB`0P@*S$`1)Q\HQBZ7^S#X?T/
MX6ZEX&L?@G\%K/P3K-R+S4/#\"1QZ7?3 at QD2RVPT\12.##"0S*2#$G/RC#YA
M6%_8%_T?]GNZL8_DLM%\:>+M'T^W7B*PL;3Q+J=K:6L2](X8+>**&.-<+''$
MB* J@#Y]_:T\!6/@/_AN+[#/K4_]M? :UU2X_M'6+O4O+FE_X3#<L/VB63[/
M"-HVP0[(4YV(N3GZU\-V/B3P;X=T_1]'\(^"M*TG2K:.SLK*SUB6"WLX(U"1
MQ1QK9!415 554 `````52UWP;J7BC^VO[3\`_#W4?^$DTY='U;[5J33?VI8K
MYVVUGW6)\V$?:;C$;Y4>?+Q\[92T=Q]!?V=?BOJ/Q?\`#NN:AJT-EI5]9:U/
M82:"J,-0\."-8]MK?L6*O=,I6XW1`0&*ZA\E[J$1WESS'_!0#X0_\+X_9GN?
M"O\`:'@O3?[2\1^''W^+(/M.CW'E:[83?9IX-R?://\`+\E;?>GGO*D6]-^X
M=G!8^)+7Q%=:Q'X1\%1ZM?6T-G<WJZQ*MQ<00M*\,3R?8MS)&T\[*I)"F:0@
M`NV3Q)8^)/&7AW4-'UCPCX*U72=5MI+.]LKS6)9[>\@D4I)%)&UD5=&4E65@
M002""#4];AT/A;1_'?\`PRS^U):^']!\'_#'PI=^!=.\5Z%K&N^'?#?]A>%K
M+[2O at 2_;7KS3XI7FCAMX;V&&0"=]YMEDEGL[9I9[3]'J\P\"?"EOA;8Z3:^&
M/AC\,/#EMH-M<V>F0Z7=_8X]. at N9DGN8H5CL`(TEFBCDD5<!WC1F!*@C:\-V
M/B3P;X=T_1]'\(^"M*TG2K:.SLK*SUB6"WLX(U"1Q1QK9!415 554 `````4
MY:A'0[6OR_K]/=$LM4?PG!J&K6]A9W%Q=S6ZP6ET]T at 2-(6#%VCC.29"-NWC
M:#DYP/E/PK^Q7#XN\,:;JUM8RQV^J6L5W$LOB<!U21 X# ::1G!&<$_6M:,E
M&]R*BOL?-U>K?!+6;RY\/Z;X>T^_UCPY?ZYK,EK;74%F)M/UZ65;>-+2]W.H
M,,+$$J4G&V\?]V,XD]*_X8)_Z<__`"Z/_O;6EHG['FL>&=/O[33;K4M/M=5C
M\F]AMO&3PQWB88;9%73@'7#,,-D88^IKQ>*,M>9X)X>ER\R::YDG%/57<6I1
ME9-NTHM.VCA+EG%T;PE=_P!?U_78\7\"_"#2?$'P_GFU*^_L_7KS3[[5]*3[
M4[?:K:UCE9OW*VS)\SVUPF7N8V&-WEL`HDN>+_#6GW/[3WCO3]+6\T.PL?[>
M,4=K,J%/(M+IS&NU%"PNT94Q@<1.4R?O'V+1_P!DWQ!X>\/W6DZ?J.L6.E7V
M_P"TV5OXUDBM[C>H1]\:Z<%;<H"G(.0`.E4_^&*]0^V_:=UY]H^S_9/-_P"$
MN;?Y/E>3Y6?[-SL\K]WMZ;/EQCBO!_L#-)XW%8BIB?<G"K&G&[:BZCC:5FDD
MHJ$5RWDD^:46E.45MS1Y8I1ZJ_R_X?\`JQX[\8_A;X?\)?\`"4+H4VL-_P`(
MEXA71)WOWC;[;YGVHJRJBCR_+^RLA)9_-WA\1?ZNKGB;6;SQ9\,KJSMK_6--
MAT'1["ZNO#M[9@:?#%FUA%W:L7)$T\DT<Y80QDK<S#S'#'S?5K[]BO4-3^V?
M:6O+C^T+ at 7=UYOBYG^TS#?B5\Z;\SCS)/F.3\[<\G,UU^QYK%[X8M]$FNM2F
MT:SD,T%@_C)VM8'.XEEC.G;5;YWY`S\S>IJJ?#N-]GAEB*ZJSI3A+FFE)VM3
M=2W-&2YI3C)Q:494U-*$XQBZ<ESJ[LK77_#?A]]M>YYKIO[.&COXA\<+?3:]
M;:-X9UV]TNUO(HTD:1+>RU.Y;@A5DE7[);DJ&08E(^7<K+YY\1O#6GZ+'H=_
MI:WD-AX at T\W\5M=3+/-:[;F>V*-*J('RUN7!"+ at .%P=NYOI.;]DWQ!<VT<,F
MHZQ)#%;K:)&WC60JD*QR1K$!_9V @CFF0+T"RN,88 at YMU^PU<7L%O'-'--'9
MQF&!'\5EE at 0NSE5!TWY5WN[8'&68]2:VR7*<YH8Q8G'8OGC:"Y5?ELH2C)V?
MVISY)M[KE:C92DI*HX./+&/]7_171\LUZA^QE_R<IX;_`.WK_P!)9J]0_P"&
M"?\`IS_\NC_[VUVG[/O[&7_"$_%>PU;ROL_]G6]W/O\`[<^U_=M9CCR_L46[
M/3/F#&<_-C:?MI5(M61SQ at T[GK7_``3N_P"3Y_VCO^P5X1_]%ZI7V=7QC_P3
MN_Y/G_:._P"P5X1_]%ZI7V=6E/X43+=A1115$A1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4
M444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`?&?QV_Y*+X!_Z^[;_P!,=Q7Y
MX^ O^"O/Q$\1?M23^$?^+8Z]Y?QYOOA1_P`(3I=A<IXIBT2%9C_PD32_;9?W
M,&S,W^AB(B&7][%G*?H=\=O^2B^ ?^ONV_\`3'<5\?Z1_P`$AO\`A'_&$/B+
M3_B%]A\06WQYO?C-#J=OH/EWD5C>HL=YX?65;@.(;A$1990=LBHH:!@!7!IU
M.C7H?07_``VS\&?^%B?\(A_PMSX8_P#"6?VC_8_]B?\`"4V/]H_;O-\G[+]G
M\WS/.\WY/+V[MWRXSQ7GW[8O[4_C/X9_M/? ?X1^!E\,:?JWQDN==:;7==T^
M?5+?2H-+T\73(MG#<6S2/,TB`.9U$81OD<L-OT?7A7[57['FH_'3XW?"3XF>
M&/%EEX6\;?!^YU5M,.J:,VKZ7>0:E9_9;E)K>.XMI=X"QM&ZSJ%*N&1]P*Q&
MURW</AI^V GPY_9]\$:K^TE?_#[X&_$+7[:=;W1=3\56,5O)/;R>7(]M(TQ5
MT93#+L5Y#$+A$9V8;F[3Q5^T_P"#-#_9I\1?%K2]8LO&'@GPYHM_KKWOAV[@
MU".^@LHY7G6WD6012.##(F-X`=2"5P<'[*WP2U']G+]GWPSX+UCQMXG^(VK:
M);,M[XD\07+7&H:K/)(\LCLS,S! SE8T9W*1+&A=RNXW?VD/A#_PT'^SOX]\
M`_VA_9'_``G'AS4-`^W>1]H^Q?:[:2#S?+W+OV>9NV[ESC&1G-&EPU/F/]B;
M_ at IQXB^*?Q$N/#OQ?T?P7X0_X2#X=0?&CP]J>CZG*^G:7X6N)1&+?5);H1[+
MV#*M)-&/(=6<XB\O]Y]'_"C]K3X5?'GQ%-H_@;XF?#[QGJUM;->366A>(K/4
M;B*!65&E:.&1F"!G12Q&`749R17A7['G_!)SP[^QM^T1X7\?>'=3T6#^Q?A1
M:?#G4['3O#<6F_V]?17,,\NMS21RG,TWDJK(RNW0F5L8KZVHERWT%&_4^??^
M"IO[5WB+]B#]@_QU\4/"=GHNH>(/#']G_9;?5H99K.3S]0MK5]ZQR1N<),Q&
M''S 9R, at G[.O[5WB+XN?MX?M&_"_4K/18?#_`,(?^$9_L:XMH95O+G^TM/DN
MI_M#-(R-M= $V(F%SG<>:]!_:I_9E\+?MC_L^^)OAIXTAO9?#GBJV6"Y-G<&
MWN('21)H9HWY`>.:..10P9"4`=74LIXO]B[]BZ?]F&^\9^*O%7C.]^)7Q5^)
M5S:S^*_%<^G0Z3'J*6<)M[&&*Q@/DP)#`<$C<\CN[,Q!1(S3E\PUN;7[<_Q)
M\9_!3]E7QOXY\#7WABSU;P-HM_XBFAUW2)]2M]0 at M+.>=K95ANK9HG=D0"4L
MX4!OW;$@KX5\1_V_OB)\`O\`@CG<?M%^(K;P7XH\6:GX<TC7],T[3M,N=)TZ
MQ_M064<44PDNKB2?R);IG9E>+S50(!"?WE?3G[2'PA_X:#_9W\>^`?[0_LC_
M`(3CPYJ&@?;O(^T?8OM=M)!YOE[EW[/,W;=RYQC(SFO)/BY_P3LT[XS?\$Q;
M3]FW5/%%[;VUGX4TGPZFOVMFJR&?3EMF at N3;LS#8TUK&SQ>9DH602*2)`XVZ
M@[]#%_X)^?MM>,_VB/V at OC]\,?'.CV5MJWP3UJQL(=5MM%GT-=9 at NHYMLGV&
M:YNF1"UL\D4PN&$\%Q"_EQG(;I_V_P#]J[Q%^RI_PI/_`(1VST6\_P"%D?%?
M0O NI_VC#+)Y%C?>?YLD/ER)MF'E+M9MRC)RC=J7[!O_``3Y at _8N\5>//$$W
MB"RUC5O'-MH6E_9M+TN;3=+TG3]&TY;"Q at ABN+J[N&<1AC)++<N7)3"J58OM
M?MX?L>:C^V'X=^'$>C^+++PCJWPU\>Z9X\LKF\T9M6M[J>Q6<1V\D*W%NVQF
MF!8K(#A"!@MN![O-Y!K8]UKX\_;]_P""BGC/]GKXS7'@;X;^%_#&M:MX+\!7
M?Q<\7S>)+R>UM[CP[9SM!+96#0*[?VA*RN5DF40QA%RLI<B/Z<^%&E>,]'\.
MS1^.=>\,>(M6:Y9H;G0M`GT6W2#:H5&AFO+MF<,')<2*"&4;`5+-\X?MA_\`
M!)SP[^V3^T1XH\?>(M3T6?\`MKX47?PYTRQU'PW%J7]@WTMS-/%K<,DDHQ-#
MYS*J*J-U(E7.*4;7U!WMH7?@G_P4%U'X\_MW>$? VCZ996WP]\9_`ZS^*]E-
M>6S)K44]UJ"01PR,LS0A! X+(JL1)G$A7BO=?VD/B]_PSY^SOX]\??V?_:__
M``@_AS4-?^P^?]G^V_9+:2?RO,VMLW^7MW;6QG.#C%?.'@;_`()G^,_ at I\9O
MAWXY\#?%#PQ::MX&^$&F_".:'7?!4^I6^H06DZSM>JL.I6S1.[(@$99PH#?,
MQ(*_1_Q(^$/_``N_]G?7O /B_4/._P"$O\.7&@:W?:/!]AW_`&FV:"XEMHY6
MG\G.]V17:79\H)DP27+EOH"OU/E;P+^VA^T+I_[*OB#XI>)O#/P^U?PO<_ [
M_A9^AZ[IEI+IUOIVM?8Y+K^Q;FSDOY[BY3RS%)]I0P+A'7&YQLI>$/\`@K9=
M:_\`$']EG3;JX\%V.F_$[PYJ>I_$F[N8+BTB\-75KX5T[7P+>:641QPB+4(W
M=Y#,HC8#>KHY'IW[+/[ /B+X/?8;'Q]\2_\`A8?A/1?AU9?#2Q\)0:++IOAV
MXL8,K)=WME-=W<=S>RQ!(3*OE+Y7F(48.-O%_L-?\$AO^&0OBQX#\5:Q\0O^
M%@3>`?!=WX8LXKW0?(87T][N&JQNUQ+Y4R:9'::7\H+&ULX8_,$2)"M>Z+4^
MC_A1^UI\*OCSXBFT?P-\3/A]XSU:VMFO)K+0O$5GJ-Q%`K*C2M'#(S! SHI8
MC +J,Y(KL?V at _P#DG7A/_K[TO_T^"M"L_P#:#_Y)UX3_`.OO2_\`T^"E#<IG
MMWPO_9[\`^./`MCJFM>!_!^L:G=>9YUW?:-;7$\VV1E7<[H6.%50,G@`#H*X
M3]K_`,>?LG?L#_#M?%7Q?L?A'X'TB9MEL+S0;:6[OV#(K+;6L4+SW#+YB%A#
M&Y13N;"@D>U?`?\`Y)1I7_;;_P!'/7SY_P`%K_$TC_\`!.'XM>"]-\.^._%'
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MK&KJ`X5SYD5OA-_7BOW=3$*"NJ<9./=M2C;U4HR=K;N+V2UY,.W.GAY3T=22
M4NT4XROZ-223OLFM[Z?7/P<^(G[+_P"T#J>H1^#?!&@^(--TV"YN6\06WPRN
M_P#A&[N.W?RY3:ZNUD+"ZPP8`6\\A;:VW.UL5_V9/BI^S%^V'_9TOP_^&W]J
M:;K%B=2L-7OO at UJVD:/?6_&'BO[S3H;5]V1M"RDMSM!P<>"_L"6'B_P+XX;3
M_#FB_M):Y\-=/^#_`)?C71O'5AJ-A(WB>-U$%MHD>J^5`DCP_;(GBT]H]-C"
MVFUE&TEO[ _PYM?@;\:O@;X6^ UE^U%!\-M#\.:G:_$"#XHV'B6SL;6U6VA.
MGK#;ZM'%:I>"Z^4)I,039YVX;-AK25.,:CC>ZMHUY.HFW_=?)%Q>MXR4NJ2G
MGDX)VL[ZI^:@TO\`$N9Q::7O*RV9[MX&^-_[(_Q(^*MGX/T70O UWJ.J:A<:
M3IE^W@*6'0M9OK<,9K2RU5[1;"[N$V29A at N'<>3*-N8WVW?%WQ._91\#?'6/
MX<:EX>\!P^*#>VFF3^7X':?3-.O;L$VEG=ZC':M96MU.-OEP3S)+)YD6U3YB
M;O"O at U\7-/\`VQOVGO!.BZO\)_BA\&OA+\)_$GVWP-X4N?A'XATUM?U:-)5B
MU6]NTL%T_3["+SIFAMS,6DD*RS-%M6 \K^T-\%_'4GA/]I#X#KX/^(&J^*?C
M5\5;#Q;X2\0V. at 7%UH4>FRR:9,]S/J006EF]D;"X4Q3R),QBA,22^:F<J"<G
M!3ZJ_KK35E_+)J4Y-._+&*YM>;EUK>[S\G3_`,ETFVW_`#)-1C=6YG)VT2;_
M`$"_X9/^%G_1-?A__P"$]:?_`!NO,/VCM8_9I_91.DQ^-/!?A&"^UX3R6&FZ
M1X!DUW4KF*W3S+B=;2PM9Y_(B7!DF,8CCWH&8%U!]2^+OQU_X5#XO\":-_PA
MWCWQ1_PG&K_V/]NT#2?MMGX?_=-)]JU&3<OV>V^7;YF&^9E&.:^?OVIKO6/V
M=/\`@HIX1^,M_P"&_'?BOP#<_#K5?!L\?A3P[>>(;S2]2-[;7L!>SLXI)_+N
M(XI(_.VF-'AC$C('4G.4G=<NUY)OS4')+_MY\L5YR5KO0J*T>EW9.VUTY*+=
M]5HN:3\H_,[#XCZS^S%\+/A'X=\=:EX;^'=YX;\8O:Q>'9=&\))K5SXB>Y3S
M($L;6SMY;B[9X\R!8(W.Q6<@*K,,KQ%\5?V1/!W[,$?QFUJ'X/Z'\-Y$EVZO
MJ6 at VUF6FB\P26GD2PK/]L5X98S:>7]H$D;Q^7O!6OG;X6_LU?$#]D+]GO]BS
MQ-XB\.^+-0L_@[J>L/XPT+1--?6-3T6WU>UO([=UL[)99;@6CSPPNEL)&59'
M8!D1B/3_`-E6ZO?V<_V0OB]XP\6>&/B-I]K\6OB!XB\2Z%H-KX.U'5=:LK74
M"?LWGZ?803W%NTOEF9Q*BF(S at 2^6Y*@Q4G3C6<%\',UUU3 at E!VWE+F;36GNM
M).S*P\5.5)2VDU?T:G>7DH\L;IWMS)MJZO[G\#/A[\!?VD_A!X=\>^"O`_P_
MUKPGXLL8]2TJ^_X16&W^U6\@RC^7-"DB9'9U4CTKJO\`AD_X6?\`1-?A_P#^
M$]:?_&Z\!_X(;>(IK'_ at FW\*? NK>&_'WA7Q5\/_``O8:7K=AXF\'ZKH#07&
MQ at 4B>]MXDN0-IRT#2*O&2-PS]?5UXJG&G6E"&J3=GW71_-'+AJDITHSGNTKK
ML[:H\_\`^&3_`(6?]$U^'_\`X3UI_P#&Z\P\1Z[^R_X2_:K\._!&_P##WPWA
M^*7BK2IM;TS05\*1R236<6_?,TJP&*(?NY,"1U+;#M!Q7T>>E?DKIW at +XZ?!
MW_ at KG\(]=\<?#/2_$FMZUXGU[5/$7C#PU_PDVJ:79Z?J%LMAIUM).-!^S6J6
MEM$J)#]J=#(999GMEG,API^]6C3[W^;MHK]-=?1-:7NM:GNTG471KY+=NW71
M6\G)/5)I_77C/XV?LE_#[XH7WA+5O#?A&WOM)U2WT34M23X=W$V@:1?SB(PV
MEWJT=FVGVT[>="/+FN$8&:,$`NH/3_M 77[-O[,5WH-EXN\&>#4UGQ1++%HV
MB:/X&;7=:U8Q)OF:WT^QM9KJ6.)>9)$B*1 at KN*[AGYT_X*F^/-<_:@\$ZQX)
M\)Z)^T*OBS0]>M+.W\ 77PWNF\&>/GMM3 at FBDN];BM#'#9RJ@?S8]5MPB#]]
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M%T;]GO\`:6T;4[SPEX%\'S2:'=_8-4T_5/ YT;5-*GV+(L=S8WMM#<P,T;I(
MOFQKO1U=<JP)^0O@]^QSXNB_X)Z_%[5/CEJ'Q \.^)_BE\44^).C'1O!LVO:
MQX=O(9;&33YY='TQ;M at C3V*3268DE\J"4127'FAYZ];_`."67PB^+%_^TM\>
MOC9\2KC4$L_B8=&TK08;SPXWAE[ZVTV.Y7[<NE2S3W5A#)]H5$BO)FNF\J22
M18A)'#'4:>ZENDF^R;C!M7ZM2<H\MD[+FO9-(F[1O'7WFEYI2:NNEK)2YDVF
MWRVU4G]/']E#X5J,GX:_#\ =3_PCUI_\;KQWX&_$S]E7]H_QS_PCOA#PUX)O
M]2G at N+O3WNO <FGV>OV\$HBGGTVZN;2.#488W*AI;.29%#H2V'4GUCX0?'"U
M_:+^%/B'5+[P3\0_!ME97VHZ-<:=XGT1['4;V.W9HVN((8V=Y()@"T3K\TBD
M$*"0*_/[]D']EWXB>)/VN?V=M-\-:YXZU#X#_LS6NJG3M2\3_#:\\#W@@N+.
M:RM-+F742MUJETL4D1:Z at M+2U2.!MWFSR at 19T??G9[637HU)W;Z?9LK>\VXW
M3M>JGNTW);IM6[M-*R[];NZY4KVDKV^J-"^)O[*?B3XWR?#VS\-^"7\0IJDV
M at I,_ at .2+1[K4X4,DVGP:H]H+":\C57W6T4[3*8I04!C<+2\;?&S]DGX=_%.\
M\(:MX>\%P:AI>HVVCZG?Q?#^:XT/1KZXV>3:7NJQV;6%I._F1 13SH^9HN!Y
MB9^5O%?[*_CKXE_'OP;\,?A)K'Q!;X4:'\:!\4M8/B#X97_AD>%C'J!O[J$:
MQJ/E+JL,UT]PMM#8VC.OGJTUT88@)L3]I[]GWXD:W\5?CQX5T_3OBG#<>./B
MMHVO:/\`#[3O!UW=> _'%@C:6\]_J&N"W86;R""5I8TU&S5&M #;R&3$IAO?
M]ES_`&K7^^DFU\Y5+6YG:%U=<SB8GW.?DUMM_P"5+7\_=A>_*ESZM7CS?II_
MPR?\+/\`HFOP_P#_``GK3_XW1_PR?\+/^B:_#_\`\)ZT_P#C=>@44 >+?&7X
M/^$OACX)CF\-^%O#OAZ6[OHTG?3--AM&F41RD!C&HW 9. ?6N5\8^*)]*\7:
MI:V]MH\<%M>311K_`&5;':JN0!DQYZ#O7IO[3O\`R(5G_P!A!/\`T7)7R?\`
MM0:M\*/VC-#\9^$?$GBK0=1\+^*)9[:_ALO%!L6O;=I26C\^VFCD\MU^5E5P
M'1F1MR,RGCK7YM/(VI[&]\"?VPO"/[3O@^Z\0?#[Q)X-\7Z+9:C<Z3/>:996
M<T4=U;OLDC)$?^ZZM]V2.2.1"T<B.W(_`#Q#<ZC^W#^T-=W M;B33_#/A=;5
M)+6)H;8&6ZR$B*[%SYCGA1R['J2:\L_9*_9%_9C_`&%O$6KZI\*I-$\)W.O6
MR6NHHOC:\O+>\1&W(7 at N+N2(NA+;9-N]1)(%8"1PW4_ #XG>&]._:R_:&U2X
M\0Z';Z;J'A_PO!:W<E_$L%S();HE$<MM9@(W. 2?D;T-2KZVN4^AZQ\=OVPO
M"/[,7@^U\0?$'Q)X-\(:+>ZC;:3!>:G96<,4EU</LCC!,?\`O.S?=CCCDD<K
M'&[K>^-/C[4K7X.>+)(/[/M9H]&O&CF at T^WAEB80.0R.J!E8'D,I!!&00:^<
M/VM?V1?V8_VZ?$6D:I\59-$\67. at VSVNG(WC:\L[>S1VW.4 at M[N.(.Y"[I-N
M]A'&&8B-`O5P_P#"L_ at E^RE?> O!OB'28]%T3P_=:=I%C-XD?4YXH_*D$<"2
M7$TDS*N0B(6(10B*`JJH4;Z;E:'IW[(FM2:%^Q+\#UM[?3?](\!Z7+(TMA!,
M[MY97)9T)^ZJCKVJQH?[87A'Q+\=-<^&6G^)/!MWX_\`#6G6^K:GH4=E9M>6
M=K.2(Y&7R_\`<+*,LBSP,P59XB_$_LX_%SPIH7['_P`$["^\3>'K.^L_`.DI
M/;SZC#'-`S1%P&4L"I*LK $<A@>A%>&_#S_ at G)^R+\*OCI9_$W08[&R\?V6H
MOJRZZWQ'U6:\FNI"QEDE:2^;SO-WN)%DW+*LCJX968%RO?J2MCWKXP^(;GQ!
M^V_^S'8W(M?L,WB;4VEMXK6*&*8C2KA075% ? 9P-P. [ 8W'/JGB3XMQ^#?
M#NH:QK%SX;TK2=*MI+R]O;RPLX+>S at C4O)+)(R!415!9F8@``DD`5X#XX^)W
MAO5/VW_V<+ZU\0Z'<6.D^(-4GOKB*_B>*SC&E7#%Y&#810%8Y8 at 84GL:M_M-
M>"O at G^V'\+9O!/Q#UO1-;\+W-S%=7&GP>*Y=.CNGB):,2FUN(FD16PXC<E-Z
M(^W<B$$KV0:79ZS\&/VGM#_:'^%NB>-O!.J>&_$7A?Q%;"ZT_4+72[;RYDR5
M((,09'5 at R/&X5T=&1E5E('"_L2^(;F5OV at M2F%K=7G_"U7@$EQ:Q3>7'_9EL
M`BJZD*H$: !0``B at 8 `KAOV2O at 1^SW^POX=U?1_A;J&B>&=)URY2\N[)O&-Q
MJ%NTZKL\U([JYE6-V7:K-&%+B.,,6$:;;_['?Q.\-^'O#_QSDU#Q#H=C'JGQ
M5EGLFN+^*(7<8TVWR\99AO4>8F2N0-Z^HH5];!V/6/B?^V%X1^"WC#P;X?\`
M%GB3P;X?UKXA:BVD^';.]LK..75KI4+F.,&/_=3<<*9)H8P?,FB1^!_X*4^-
M]0/["7Q.6,V=MYNC/$SVUC!;R%&=%9=Z(& 925(!Y4D'()%>1?M-?L!?LE_M
MC_%*;QI\2[?1/%7B.6VBLQ<S^.[^&."",$)%%#%>)%$@)9BL:*"[NY!9V8[G
M[='C7PC!^P1XV\/:+XGT[5'L]!6UMHWUS^TKV9(C&,O+)(\TS[5RTDC,[$%F
M8DDT1O=;A+9GUG>_\B%IO_80N_\`T7;5\X^.OCIXB^!/[,WPQF\)_#_6OB)X
M@\3W&B>';6RLS+#9Z;]IC4/?:A<1PSO:V4**S/,(9,,8U*@,67Z.O?\`D0M-
M_P"PA=_^B[:OE?\`:"^'_P`7/BK^Q%X/\._!W7M%\-:UJ]MIEOK6H7FHS:;>
M0Z0;;_2ET^[CMKG[->OB.-)V at D$2O(Z at 2+&1/_ **?P>_P""EMCXZ^!?C[Q1
MK'@'QHOB#X:^--7\!:KH'A'3+OQ7+?:G8 OBS>"W1VAE0QA9KF*V19'V.5&U
MW[3_`()Z?M>_\-X_L?\`A#XK_P#"/?\`"*_\)5]M_P")7]O^W?9?L][<6O\`
MKO+CW;O(W_<&-V.<9.U^R#\+KKX(? O2_!\G at 7P7\.]-\-YLM*T;PQKMQK-F
MEJ K>:\\]I:R&9Y6E9RR.SL?,:1WD;'F/_!/K]E'XB?L0?\`!,O0_A?'>>"]
M0^)GAC3M8_L^X::YFT*2^GO+RZM/-;RXYS"#-$)-J!L!]N>"4[6T#4]H^/?Q
MPL?V?/AW<^(K[0O&GB7R]R6^F>%O#MWKFHWLPB>18DBMT;9O\LJ))C'"&9 \
MB;A7SAH'_!7+3KC_`()&R?M6:IX'O;.V%M.R>&K74UN9&G&JOID"&Y:.,!'F
M$;._E$QHS820J%;Z/_9Z_P"%B?\`"G]'_P"%K_\`"%_\)_\`OO[4_P"$3^T_
MV/\`Z^3R?(^T_OO]3Y6[?_'OQ\N*^/- _P""3GC.X_X(6R?LN:IXD\,6?C86
MT[)J=J9[G2VG&MOJD"%FCCE".!'$[^63&69 at DFT*Q'EZ]P=^A[1^PQ_P4&@_
M;#^*7QB\"W7A^RT3Q1\%=:@T;6'TO5)M3TNZ>43*?)GGM;28O'/;744BM;A,
MQHT<DJOD>@_M4_'3Q%\"?!_A^;PG\/\`6OB)X@\3^([#P[:V5F98;/3?M+D/
M?:A<1PSO:V4**S/,(9,,8U*@,67PK]CK]B7XJ_LV:M\>/'5UK'AB^^(7Q&T7
M0M,\/VNIZS>:];QSZ+HQL;:[U/43;6LUP]S.QDG\NV0J`2K.SX3I_C7\/_VH
M/BK^Q7H_AVSU[X8^&OBSJ^H_9_%VH>'M1O\`3;.'2#+/YBZ3=RVUS-;7KPBW
MC$\L$@B9YW0!EB(+*^@:V.8U#_ at KEIWA/]AWXT?%S7O ][;ZM\#_`!7?^!]:
MT*PU-;JWO=4M[N"UC-O>/'$S6LC75N6E>!)$!EQ$Y1?,/@G_`,%=M*^(%]\:
M]'UCP'XGNO%'P1UJ/0]0T_P%8ZCXNCU>XDAN6$5L196\RNL]E=6[O<016RNL
M1%PRR@@^./\`P3YUOX\_\$J?%7[/FE^'/A]\'Y&MK>U\.66B:Q=:YI<26MS;
MWL9GGEM+68///%(LLGERN#(9BTSLR5M?\$\?V)?&?[-GQ:^+'CKQSK%E?:M\
M1K;PUID-K%K,^O7$<&BZ6+%;N[U&:VM6N+JY9GDDQ;(%(SN<N0C]VPM;F+X6
M_P""P/A:3_ at E3:?M.^*M)LO"4>JVVH)I?AN?6#/)J>H07-U;6]C%.L 9GG:V
MW%A"1$A=V!2)WKZ9_8>^-<_[1?P6\/\`C:ZM_#%G<^(-'OYYK;P_XDA\1Z?:
M.(;A&A6_A1(IW0J4D,8*+*LB*SA0[?$O@#_ at E'\1/ W_``3?_9Y^&O\`;7 at N
MZ\?_``&^(MIX_P#*^UW*:/KGD:I>W/V3[5]G,T&Z&\SYGV:3#Q[=A5MX^FO^
M"7/[*/B+]EC2/BE-XLO-%F\0?%+QMXG\?W5EI,TMS9Z/]N@(2T2XDCB>XVI"
MK&0PQ99RH3"AFKW;Z=PUZGK'_!.[_D^?]H[_`+!7A'_T7JE?9U?&/_!.[_D^
M?]H[_L%>$?\`T7JE?9U=E/X482W844451(4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 'QG\=O\`DHO@'_K[MO\`TQW%>3Z_
M_P`%"_ at _X7^#_P`0O'U]XN\CPG\*?$<OA/Q3??V5>M_9>IQ3P0/;^6L)DEQ+
M<PKOB5T._(8@,1ZQ\=O^2B^ ?^ONV_\`3'<5^,7[2'_!.WQGXX_9%_;#\30^
M`_$]QXHO/B_X at ET30T\+3S:AXE at N-;T*2RU6VPOF2I;6R:PD4B(X$6J7VUT5
MYA)P**;U_K4Z+M+0_:VN+^+WQZT/X(?V?_;5CXTO?[4\SR?[`\'ZOXAV>7LW
M>;]@MI_)SO&WS-N_#;<[6QB_\*$\5?\`"Q/[:_X79\3O[-_M'[=_8'V'P[_9
MWD^;O^Q[_P"R_M7D[?W>?/\`.V\^;O\`GKR3_ at I?\7/'N at 7WP[^'_A6T^(.A
M^%_B-<W\7C'QYX.\-W^O:IX1T^VAC?R;:*T at E:&ZO6D\B.Z*L;<"218W90\<
M1C=V+N>G:!^W9\)O$G[)LGQSM_&5E'\*H[:>Z.O75M<6L92&X>V<"*6-9BYG
M1HDC"%Y'*JBL74'M/#?QG\+>*O at SI_Q#M=;LHO!.I:+'XBAUB\8V=NFGO +A
M;F0S!#$@A(=C(%*C.[&#CYC_`&C?V1?A-\2O^"6/B31O`WP?LKRV\)^ M?M?
M`6EZGX*N(M:TJ[-K,H-M;WT`O8[J6XB1_,*B6>39+N<LKG:\-_!CQ3XJ_P""
M(NG_``\M=$O8O&VI? Z/P[#I%XHL[A-0?01;K;2"8H(G$Q",)"H4YW8P</E0
MKL]._9]_;G^&'[4/B)M'\'>(+VXU9M%MO$D%EJ>AZAHMQ?Z7<,R0W]M'>P0M
M<VK,NWSH0\8+("P+KGUNOSN_X)OZWX]\0_%+P7X)OOAW>^$M)T']GW2]$_X3
M^Z^&=_H?B;P_JT L[>;1AJ&I1M;W:1R>==HJP&%FV_+((I&?VC_ at FY^PIXW_
M`&./$7Q=OO%?Q"O?$UMX\\>ZSXFLM/B6S:WGBO&MVCOKLK8P2IJ!$++)'#(+
M0!ODCSR"44 at C)L]!^+7_``4+^#_P-^(FI>%_%'B[^S]2T'^S_P"VYH]*O;K3
MO#GV^7RK/^TKV&%[6P\YL%?M4L7RLKG",&/M%?"O[:&O>(O at A^UQ<>._ at Y\-
M?B=+\5F_L;3]5T^V\/2S^$?C'ID\WD>7<7\!D at T^]TX%V2]O?(>)%*%;BVD7
M;VG[6/\`P3_\??'O]O#X,_%#0_BKK7AWP_X`_MO[5;QQZ;]LT/[9I\5JG]F+
M)ITR2^<Z,9_MSR[5;]SL. #E07/=?VBOVI/!'[*7AW0]4\<ZI>Z;;>)M:@\.
MZ4EGI-YJEQJ&H3K(T-M'!:12RL[B)]H"X) '4@':^#'QG\+?M#_"W1/&W at G6
M[+Q%X7\16PNM/U"U8^7,F2I!! 9'5 at R/&X5T=&1E5E('S'_P6)\+:WKGAW]G
M?5-'\.^)_$=MX/\`CCX;\1:PFA:+=:M<6.GVRW;3W+06T<DI1 1DJI)+*!DL
M`?/O@#^PQ\2/BK^P'^T1ILFH:U\+-:_:&\:>*_&NBZ7>1VJ7D-AJUIY%K8:P
MDEO<_9M^%>9+8^?$I4"1)!)&'RJUPN[GZ"5XOK__``4+^#_A?X/_`!"\?7WB
M[R/"?PI\1R^$_%-]_95ZW]EZG%/!`]OY:PF27$MS"N^)70[\AB Q%W]AC]G_
M`%_]E[]E7P1X&\3>*KWQ9JWAW1;"PFFE6V^SV!@LX(&M;1H;:W9[5&B8QM.K
MSD/\[L<`?F/^TU^QK\5=4\;?'KX,:7H/Q!NO!/Q3^+]I*_B"UT.\?2Q!XFNM
M)U6?53"O[J=-%.A26CR>8 QU9B7MMICF(Q3=F$I-(_5+QA^U3\/O`7[07A'X
M5:KXFLK?XA>.K:YO-%T-8Y)KBY at MXY)))7V*5A3;%+M:4H)#%(J%F1@#]HK]
MJ3P1^REX=T/5/'.J7NFVWB;6H/#NE)9Z3>:I<:AJ$ZR-#;1P6D4LK.XB?: N
M"0!U(!^8_P!H?]DO3O"O_!7+]EGQSX'^&=EIMM+<^-;SQIX at T+PZL,;SSZ4H
M at EU&YAC +R323!&G;+.[X)).=K_ at L3\(_%/QC\._L[V/A2S\3RW.F_''PWJ-
M[J&A:>+RXT"T1;M9-08-%+$B0EU8O-&T0.W>"#@KE5T%V>MR_P#!07X4I\"]
M3^)$>N:U>>$]!U&[TG6IK/POJMU>>'[JT$C74>H6<=LUU8^2L3,[7,4:JK1D
MD"2,MZ=\-_B'H_Q<^'>@^+/#MY_:'A_Q/IUOJVF77E/#]IM9XEEBDV2!77<C
MJ=K*&&<$`\5\K?M#_LU:!^Q]_P`$X?CKX5\,6OQ!\:>(_B[;>)KRZN8-&N=<
MU3Q!X at U6RN!YLL.G6WE6Z,4CC#+##;H%3<0SEG]._P"":&LO=?L(_"G1[K2?
M$^AZMX1\*:1X?U6RUW0+[1KBWO+;3[9)D6.[BB:1%;*B6,-$Q5 at KDJ<)I6N@
MN[ZGK'B?XD:3X1O9+:\ENY+BWL9=3GBM+&>\>UM(R ]Q*(4<QQ*3C>^%Z\\'
M%+6_C9X7\/:E#:W6J*K36<6HB:."6:VCMI95ACG>9%,:1M(RKO=@N77GYAFO
MXRT^Y\7>++CPW%H^MVNDZUI7D^(O$6E^%YM6O&L/,+#3;9X8)2DLSJ23(5C1
M1OP[;16)\1/!FM:M\5/%%GX?\#>*A9ZQ\,;?PEHUG;Z7=.MG(]W MM#/+*!Y
M&V"/>[W#)A48GD@':-)-)DN;3/3:S_V at _P#DG7A/_K[TO_T^"KFF>&5\$^'=
M%T-9K&YDT/2+'3IYK,DV\TT-K%%*Z$JI93(CD,0-V<]ZI_M!_P#).O"?_7WI
M?_I\%9QTE;^MRNAZMX#_`&@/^$)\*6NE_P!D_:OLN_\`>_:MF[<[-TV''WL=
M>U;'_#57_4!_\G?_`+77D->0?M:?%CX@?!_1M'U3PGI7 at ZXT/^U=.M=8O-6O
M;DW<,=Q?V]L4M[6.,)(S+,3YCW"",C/ER_=JJ=2;:A'KI_7]>EWH#IQU?]?U
M_3T/KW_AJK_J`_\`D[_]KH_X:J_Z@/\`Y.__`&NOF/\`:)^-I^"O at N!M.L8]
M<\7>(+D:5X:T3SQ"^L7[JS*F[!V1(BO++)@^7%%(^#MP>%\(?M7:QIW[#>@?
M$CQ)INE:AXKU.VM;;^S]-=[*QO-2N+E;2&)'E,C0PM/(FYV+F--S$-MP9]O-
M*[?EZOLO/;3S5 at 5).2 at EJ_\`AOQUMZ/L?:W_``U5_P!0'_R=_P#M='_#57_4
M!_\`)W_[77PUX&^/_C+Q/^RM\0O'6A>-/A-\7M8TO2;N?0K7P%IL]W91:C#:
MO+]ADD2^G:]8NT*CRUMW8'.Q3(H6[^RK^T!XC^)4'B6#7/$.F^(]=TVSBN[7
M14^&^L^ K]%;S!N,6K7,KSQ2.H1945(U9'!9B<+<JE17OT5]KO\`"_\`D^C9
M/)%J,E]IM+IM;>]K;K?7?31GVQ_PU5_U`?\`R=_^UT?\-5?]0'_R=_\`M=?%
M?PF^*OQ4L/COH_A/Q\_P]U!O$6 at 3Z]+8^'K>XM[SPB8Y(D6&X>6>5;V.1I6C
M6X5+7<]LY$)#,(LW0OVD_'5QJ^A^,KMO"$GPO\5>)?\`A&K+3(+"Y37+'?<-
M9V]Y)=-.89?,N47=;K;Q^6DX/G2&(B2N:IS*-]]%MO?EMYMRT5KI[WMJ3[BC
M*72*O\K<S?R6NMGTWLC[F_X:J_Z@/_D[_P#:Z/\`AJK_`*@/_D[_`/:Z\AKQ
M#XP_%OXB7GQ \2:9\.Y/!<$/P_TN'4]7AU^QN;B76Y9A))':02131+9CRX6S
M<.EQAIE_<XC._)XB2UD[+J^R[FL:*D^6*U>WF^W]?/0^S?\`AJK_`*@/_D[_
M`/:Z/^&JO^H#_P"3O_VNOC+Q%\=_%7Q=N?!>E_"V\\,Z'>>*/#@\7RZAXFTF
MXU**"Q<1+#"MM!<6Y,KO,"7,P$:QGY)"XVU(_P!IGQ-\2?A?X!B\+P>']!\<
M>.KV[TZ2358)M2TS1Y; S"_81QO!)<J)+=XXAYD.X.KDC:4;24JL=^]NG1N+
M^YII]K=K&472E9Q>ZO\`)I->>J::]>^A]L?\-5?]0'_R=_\`M='_``U5_P!0
M'_R=_P#M=?,'[.?Q/U?XB^&=:L_$D>FKXG\(ZQ/H.K2:;&\=C=S1I'*D\*2,
MSQI)#-"_EL[F-F9-\FS>WH-3*K-6UT:37FFKI_-.Y2C%W79M/U3LU\FK'KW_
M``U5_P!0'_R=_P#M='_#57_4!_\`)W_[77CUQ<QV=O)--(D442EW=VVJBCDD
MD] /6O _V</VL?$'Q^_:$\06*:3I-G\-Y="@U?PG?J7:_P!<A-S+`UZQW;%M
MIBFZ!0NYHPLA;$JJI&M.4N1/77\$W]]D[+=V?9V)0C&/.]M/Q:7YM7?2Z[H^
MW?\`AJK_`*@/_D[_`/:Z/^&JO^H#_P"3O_VNOA6\_:0\=>%/VK-!\&ZIK7PK
MU3_A(=0EA?P;H:75QXBT'3?*F:+5KBY,NTPLT2*ZO9PQJUPJ+/*RKYR?%#]K
M/4KW]HF3X?\`AWQQ\)OA\]C>0Z6MQXQW7U_XFU*2*"<V6G6"7EHS".*ZMRTX
MED)DF$8AX+TXU*DN6W7]+7^ZZVOK[JO+0)4XQO?IK]^B_'OTU^%IGW7_`,-5
M?]0'_P`G?_M='_#57_4!_P#)W_[77P)^V%^V/KGP%^(]YIMKXL^$_A"'2]$B
MU>PTSQ;YC:AX]G9YPUCIS+=0^3(OD)'N6*[??=1YA "";T'XK?$GQQKOCK0?
M!O@*?PSX;\07VD2:_J%WXETN?5(;2W5DB6W6WM[FW+2M+)S)YX5%B.%D+C:H
MU:C2:>[:^Y-OULDVTKM6U5VKU*G&+M+R_&R7WN22OHV]'H[?77_#57_4!_\`
M)W_[71_PU5_U`?\`R=_^UU\3Q_M,^)OB3\+_``#%X7@\/Z#XX\=7MWITDFJP
M3:EIFCRV!F%^PCC>"2Y426[QQ#S(=P=7)&THW<_LY_$_5_B+X9UJS\21Z:OB
M?PCK$^@ZM)IL;QV-W-&D<J3PI(S/&DD,T+^6SN8V9DWR;-[5[2I>2OJOR32;
M]+M+YZ=3.T.52[Z?-IM+[DW\M=U?Z?\`^&JO^H#_`.3O_P!KH_X:J_Z@/_D[
M_P#:Z^=_CA\3X_ at Q\)=>\426OVXZ/:--';>9Y8N)3A8T+X;:K.5!;:VT$G!Q
M@^>^`OC%XV^'?CK5/#/Q2O/">L74?AR7Q39ZCX9TJXT^$00.L=U;203W%PS/
M&TD+)*)%$HE8&.,QY?/ZQ)7N[63?W)M_<DV_)>AI[)=%U2^]I+[VTOGV3:^R
MO^&JO^H#_P"3O_VNC_AJK_J _P#D[_\`:Z^)?A%\=?B#)XT\#OXU/@VX\/\`
MQ6M9KG0K?1;&YM[O095MS>1VUS-+-(EX&MEDS,D5MMDA`\IA)F.GH7[2?CJX
MU?0_&5VWA"3X7^*O$O\`PC5EID%A<IKECON&L[>\DNFG,,OF7*+NMUMX_+2<
M'SI#$1)LW54U3EHWI\[\MO5O1??>VIG>FX.:U25[^27,WZ6U_#>R?W-_PU5_
MU ?_`"=_^UT?\-5?]0'_`,G?_M=>0T5E[:?<OV<3LOC1\4;/XU>"9=!U#0;9
MM/NF(N8;B1;F&ZB:-XWB>-D`965R"#D$9!'->5^*?V2?@CHGB;4K*'X%_"-H
MK.ZE at 0OX>0L55RHSSUXKHJS_`-JCX,>%OVA]*\;>"?&VB67B+POXBGN+74-/
MNE/ES)YI8$$$,CJP5TD0JZ.BNK*R at A>T;U8^5+1'/_\`#+GP5_Z(5\'_`/PG
MD_\`BJ\G^"/[-OPJ\3_MD?'2UO\`X3_#6XT?PSX=\.2Z7I;>'X!:6;S27(E=
M5 W;GW99BQ)VH"=J*!SW_!-3_ at D9\-/^"9=CXAN/##7OB+Q1XBN9DF\0ZJD?
MVZ'3_.+V]C'L`5$51&9&4*9Y4WL%588H?4?V<_\`D\[]I#_L6O"W_HZ>JC+>
MQ+6QU'_#+GP5_P"B%?!__P`)Y/\`XJN=^+?[./P?T+X4^)KZP^"?PCL[ZSTF
MZGMYT\-Q.T$BPNRN`^Y20P!PP(..01Q7E'_!2O\`X)&?#3_ at II8^'KCQ.U[X
M=\4>';F%(?$.E)']NFT_S@]Q8R;P5=&4R&-F#&"5]ZAE::*;UJX^#'A;]GC]
MD35/!/@G1++P[X7\.^'+RUT_3[53Y<*>3(Q)))9W9BSO(Y9W=V=F9F)*C+;4
MKE,C]EC]ECX/S_L@?![4M2^#WPQUK5-:\%Z=?WU]?Z%')<7,S1X9W88W,=H)
M)Y)))))KMO\`AESX*_\`1"O at _P#^$\G_`,51^RY_R93\"?\`LG^E_P#H#5\O
M_"'_`((2_ OX+_MT:A\;-)T;_GG>Z)X6>)/['\.:GO=I;VWC_P"_;0Q$;+9_
M,9!_Q[K;.4M=R4M#TCXL?LV_"J[_`&P?V=_#MK\)_AKI>B^(O$6HQ:K:V?A^
M!5U)$TR=D24L&)56.X*"!N"L02JE?6/^&7/@K_T0KX/_`/A/)_\`%5R_Q&_Y
M/T_9 at _[&74__`$US5:_:^_9!\"_MR? O5/A]\0=+_M'1=1Q+!/$1'>:5=*&$
M=W:R$'RYDW- at X*LK.CJ\;NC$I.R"VK-[_AESX*_]$*^#_P#X3R?_`!5>3_L@
M?LV_"KQ;+\<M0UCX3_#75FTCXE/I.G07/A^#R=/M!I]NPAB50"J at KG!)R6=C
MEF9C-_P3C_X)Q^!?^";'P+C\)^$X_P"T=:U'R[CQ%XBN(1'>:_=*" S $^7"
MFYA%`&*QJS$EY'EEDZK]B/\`Y G[07_96G_]-L-"D]; UL=1_P`,N?!7_HA7
MP?\`_">3_P"*KQO_`(*"? ;X6^"OV+_B)J>@?"'X7Z#K%MI+?9]0LO#\2W%J
M695+1LVX*VUB`P&5SE2&`(Y#]NC_`((D_!S]O;]H+PG\1/$UK>Z5JVE7*#Q'
M'IC>0OC&SCC(BM[EEPR.K")?/0B4P!XL at B"2W]&_X*!>&].\&_\`!/;QUH^C
MZ?9:5I.E:#'9V5E9P+!;V<$;1I'%'&H"HBJ JJH``````HC+5:A*.C/I6]_Y
M$+3?^PA=_P#HNVKS+X:>)-.\&_LZ^']8UB_LM*TG2O#EO>7M[>3K!;V<$=LK
MR2R2,0J(J at LS,0``22 *]-O?^1"TW_L(7?\`Z+MJ_/S_`(+$>&]1\5?\$)/&
M5KI>GWNI7,7AS0;QX;6!II$@@OK">>4JH)"1PQR2.W141F) !(FUW;T*V/K?
MP9^TA\._B/\`#O5O%_AWQ[X+U[PGH/G?VGK>G:W;76G:=Y,0FE\ZXC<QQ[(F
M5VW,-JL&. <UM?#SXD>'?BYX/L_$7A/7M%\3^']0W_9=3TF^BO;.YV.T;[)8
MV9&VNC*<$X92#R#7X<>+]<U_X@^*OC]KMKXJ\3Z/\+_C=\3OAOHWQ#\4Z?XA
MMM8L=%TO4-.O)M9TU=<CC:T%K87%Y:V>]2(TB^SPR;HY2DGZ"?L-?'&?XB?\
M$]?C:?&?BJ]T?X;_``]UKQ5X6\,^.?#=E#IUQ-X3L(BD&J636,*VS/!'YR12
MV5NL>;10L9=6W$J=E<497/M#Q)XDT[P;X=U#6-8O[+2M)TJVDO+V]O)U at M[.
M"-2\DLDC$*B*H+,S$ `$D@"N+TO]K3X5:Y\+=2\<V/Q,^'UYX)T:Y%GJ'B"#
MQ%9R:78SDQ at 12W(D,4;DS0@*S DRIQ\PS\*_MV1:!\4O^#<WQE)\+?&GQ!^-
M'AQK:*\M/$GB)KF^US48+?Q%%+=RW#20Q2E+<13C<T:A(;<$G:NX^%?!3Q=X
M%N?CY\>?BUX^T[6O$/A_7/B+\/-6T'Q6=8'B7P[X`\52Z;>3>9>:E:W5I;7&
MEZ1=7Z6CJLVQ8FM8R,NC41IZ7#FU/V&^'GQ(\._%SP?9^(O">O:+XG\/ZAO^
MRZGI-]%>V=SL=HWV2QLR-M=&4X)PRD'D&CXA_$CP[\(_!]YXB\6:]HOACP_I
M^S[5J>K7T5E9VV]UC3?+(RHNYW51DC+,`.2*^%?^";&H:/'^PO\`M4>)?$7B
M+6M \/ZY\1?'.L:GX\\.R/#!J-KL"RZYH?EI*\4*)&WE!9+QA-;2$2N?W:7?
M%'Q!^!UG_P`$[?@KXKF\4_$'XQ>"=-\>VMQX3^(OBU[N\D\.ZU]NO8;76M;>
M2;3W.GVET[0MYK(I3R4`.Y7HY=1\VA]A_P##2'P[_P"%/_\`"PO^$]\%_P#"
M`?\`0S?VW;?V/_K_`+/_`,?>_P`G_7?NOO??^7[W%;7P\^)'AWXN>#[/Q%X3
MU[1?$_A_4-_V74])OHKVSN=CM&^R6-F1MKHRG!.&4@\@U^77[/7B+X?>'?V3
M?%_CCXAZ+>ZY;7G[4NIZWH/CNUBD;PG::U)<?9['Q642[MQ'H44V(G5[VX4R
M!E\YBZK%]'_\$2/^)C\'_C5K7_(0_P"$E^-'BG4_[?M?ET?Q9NGB3^T=,3YM
MED_E^6J^?<_/!*?/;.Q"4+(%*Y];>,_B1X=^'']D_P#"1:]HN at _V]J,.CZ9_
M:-]%:_VC?39\JUA\QAYDS[6VQKEFVG .*[+P1_R&9O\`L'WO_I++7P5_P6\\
M2:=X-\._LPZQK%_9:5I.E?M!>%;R]O;R=8+>S at C6]>2621B%1%4%F9B `"20
M!7V;^SC\;/!GQYMKW6/ WB[PQXSTFV at O[.:]T+5(-1MXIULW=HFDA9E#A71B
MI.0'4XP12C'9A?H-_P""=W_)\_[1W_8*\(_^B]4K[.KXQ_X)W?\`)\_[1W_8
M*\(_^B]4K[.KOI_"CGENPHHHJB0HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`H
MHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`/DOXE^$&\5>//"\WVZQT^'1Q:WLSW(E/F*=
M*> *HC1SNW3*><#"MSG .A_PC5G_`-#!H_\`W[NO_C-?)?\`P<!>)]2\&_\`
M!,[XE:EH^H7VDZC;:?X<\FZLYV at FBW7FFJVUU(894D'!Y!([U_.?_P`-._$K
M_HH7CC_P?77_`,77W7!OAKB>(L%/&T:T8*,W"S3;T47?3_$9XC'*C)1:Z7/Z
MY/\`A&K/_H8-'_[]W7_QFC_A&K/_`*&#1_\`OW=?_&:_D;_X:=^)7_10O''_
M`(/KK_XNC_AIWXE?]%"\<?\`@^NO_BZ^N_X@/CO^@J'_`(#+_,Y_[6C_`"L_
MKD_X1JS_`.A at T?\`[]W7_P`9H_X1JS_Z&#1_^_=U_P#&:_D;_P"&G?B5_P!%
M"\<?^#ZZ_P#BZ/\`AIWXE?\`10O''_@^NO\`XNC_`(@/CO\`H*A_X#+_`##^
MUH_RL_KD_P"$:L_^A at T?_OW=?_&:/^$:L_\`H8-'_P"_=U_\9K^3C3_VD_B4
M_P`-=6F_X3SQPWEZG9)YO]L71V;HKL[=^T[<[<[?.3=MSY<NW=#A?\-._$K_
M`**%XX_\'UU_\76</ O'2<E]9AH[?#+LGW\P_M:/\K/ZY/\`A&K/_H8-'_[]
MW7_QFC_A&K/_`*&#1_\`OW=?_&:_D;_X:=^)7_10O''_`(/KK_XNC_AIWXE?
M]%"\<?\`@^NO_BZT_P"(#X[_`*"H?^ R_P`P_M:/\K/ZY/\`A&K/_H8-'_[]
MW7_QFC_A&K/_`*&#1_\`OW=?_&:_D;_X:=^)7_10O''_`(/KK_XNC_AIWXE?
M]%"\<?\`@^NO_BZ/^(#X[_H*A_X#+_,/[6C_`"L_KD_X1JS_`.A at T?\`[]W7
M_P`9H_X1JS_Z&#1_^_=U_P#&:_DX^'O[2?Q*O-?N$_X3SQQ/MTS4'V_VQ=2X
MVV<S;L;9<;<;MVP;<;O,AQYR87_#3OQ*_P"BA>./_!]=?_%UFO O'.;A]9AH
MD_AEUOY^0?VM&U^5G]<G_"-6?_0P:/\`]^[K_P",T?\`"-6?_0P:/_W[NO\`
MXS7\C?\`PT[\2O\`HH7CC_P?77_Q='_#3OQ*_P"BA>./_!]=?_%UI_Q ?'?]
M!4/_``&7^8?VM'^5G]<G_"-6?_0P:/\`]^[K_P",T?\`"-6?_0P:/_W[NO\`
MXS7\C?\`PT[\2O\`HH7CC_P?77_Q='_#3OQ*_P"BA>./_!]=?_%T?\0'QW_0
M5#_P&7^8?VM'^5G]<G_"-6?_`$,&C_\`?NZ_^,T?\(U9_P#0P:/_`-^[K_XS
M7\G'PQ_:3^)5]\2O#T/_``GGCBX\[4[9/*_MBZF\W,JC;LVS;\]-ODRYZ>6_
MW3A?\-._$K_HH7CC_P`'UU_\76:\"\<YN'UF&B3^&76_GY!_:T;7Y6?UR?\`
M"-6?_0P:/_W[NO\`XS67\5O#47C/1_#^DV>K:>/L$MG--=2+.L"^3J/VIE_U
M>\DH,#"XW$9(&2/Y+_\`AIWXE?\`10O''_@^NO\`XNC_`(:=^)7_`$4+QQ_X
M/KK_`.+K1>!..6V*A_X#+_,/[6C_`"L_KD_X1JS_`.A at T?\`[]W7_P`9KR7]
MK+]F[Q9\>?"MGHGA7XI?#SPGIXNK:]O3JOA+4M9FGEMKJ"ZA\MH[FU$:[X<.
M&5RP;@H1D_RZ_P##3OQ*_P"BA>./_!]=?_%T?\-._$K_`**%XX_\'UU_\70O
M`C')IK%0T_NR_P`P_M:/\K_ _J4^(W[)FC_'?X.VNC?$BY^#'CSQ)8QR2VMY
MJ_ at BYO-'MKPAE2=+"=I750I 91<AF ;#KGCSSP7_`,$P?#6G?L'?\*/USQ1X
M`N+6-C/%>Z'X5N-)M5N%N1<PS-9MYRNPD5?,#2;95#*0`Q%?S7?\-._$K_HH
M7CC_`,'UU_\`%UN_$+]I/XE6>OVZ?\)YXX at W:9I[[?[8NHL[K.%MV-L6=V=V
M[8=V=WF39\Y\WX&8Y5.58J'O:_#);-6MKH[V=U:UD"S:*2T?N[:_U^)_3'X&
M_95\3Z3%XVU?6/B[X/C\<^+K2SL(=7\-^$KC3+338K02F _9;IKSSI-T\H=G
MEPT?EHHC*;S%X9_96\:/XEU_Q9XD^,G at F_\`'%QX?G\/^'[O2/!]YI^EZ"DK
M"4SM:S37$ES*9HX6;?<*A6%55$+.S_S"?\-._$K_`**%XX_\'UU_\71_PT[\
M2O\`HH7CC_P?77_Q=:2\"<<WS?6H7M;X9+HUI9Z-IM-K77<F.:02Y>72Z??9
MIK?=)I.VQ_3%^R9^Q=XU_9ZUZ2?Q!\8OAKXJ at U(27&NW=IX'U+3]:\2WQ"JE
MU>7LUY<AM@#!8HXHXXU*I&L<:(@O>'_V)=0TSQ3I>G77Q.\'W'PQ\/Z_)XDT
MOP_%X<OXM26Y,TMQ%%/?M*Z26\-Q,9$1+:-_W4"EV"OYG\Q__#3OQ*_Z*%XX
M_P#!]=?_`!='_#3OQ*_Z*%XX_P#!]=?_`!=7_P`0+Q[DI?6H75K>Z]+;6].G
M;I87]IPY7'E>M[Z[W5GKOK=W[[O4_JJ\1?!SQ3J7Q\\.^(=/^,&CZ;X%TVPG
MM]5\)?\`"/O-_;-P^?*N/MK1>;#Y>1\B`AL<]:Y7XP_LGZ_XI\;ZWJO at GXK>
M$/!\/C+2X=)\1+>>&K[5+F5(O.6.>RD$L*6UP(YY%W2Q7"$I"3'A&#_R_P#_
M``T[\2O^BA>./_!]=?\`Q=;NH?M)_$I/AKI,W_">>.%\S4[U/-_MBZ&_;%:'
M;OVC=C=G;YS[=V?+BW;IN>?@7C8\L'B8--M:Q?6[UOOVL]E9+1)&D<V2;DD[
MZ=>UEIVVZ6OK?=W_`*:_&W[)MYI%_P"%=1^&'C[P/X-U3POHS>&XQK/A[4=;
MLIM-/DLD7DQS6KB2-H$V2&4@*TH*MN!6K>?L6_\`"-_#'P/I_ at _XB>&]+\6>
M`[F6\L]:UC1KW4K>^FN4F2]>YM83;%_/:>67"2QA)-A&578?Y@?^&G?B5_T4
M+QQ_X/KK_P"+H_X:=^)7_10O''_@^NO_`(NMWX%Y@]\5#>_PRWNV^O5MM]V[
MNYG',J<=H=+=-K)+[DDD]U96V1_5=\"?@#%\)?"M]'J7C30M<\0Z]J4^LZUJ
M4.GW=G#>7<N ?+@*2&*)(TBB1#([!(DW.[;G;MO^$:L_^A at T?_OW=?\`QFOY
M&_\`AIWXE?\`10O''_@^NO\`XNC_`(:=^)7_`$4+QQ_X/KK_`.+J7X$XY_\`
M,5#M\,MEHEOLEHET*6:Q7V7JV]^K=V_FS^MZ^\&:9J=E-;7.M:'<6]PC12Q2
MP7+I*C#!5 at 8<$$$@@]:^>_ at Y_P`$T_"/P)_:XO\`XB>%9?@;X7T&?1?['M='
MT#X>3:7J%OEQ(TK7T;;'9FW!@+9<H(USE-S?S2_\-._$K_HH7CC_`,'UU_\`
M%UN^$_VD_B5<:!XG?_A//'$GD:8C[O[8NI/)_P!,MEW9VR;/O;=V^'[VWS#N
M\F7.7 at 7CJ352.)A?;X9?:]U]>S?Z6'+-HRCR.+MH_N:?YI']*>I?L?>+_&WQ
M#\,W'BSXU>$=;\+^#=>_X2#3(H?!T]GK[RJ)5CBGU!6,/EA961_L]G \L8V,
MVUI1)D_%;_ at G;'XM^('C[4/#?Q"\"^']%^+D-I!XTM;WPI=ZE?W8 at C\G?970
MDB6U<P]#+#<*D@$JH&+A_P":7_AIWXE?]%"\<?\`@^NO_BZ/^&G?B5_T4+QQ
M_P"#ZZ_^+K6'@3CX6Y<5#3^[+RWUUO9;WV784LUC*]XO73?LVUZ6;;T[L_IQ
M^-W[&NO>.?&7B[4/"GQ0^'^@Z?\`$+1(-"\16VL^$M0UB:6&);B-3;2QW%L(
M<QW, at VR),N[#`#+!MWXD?LP:M)K_`(=U[X??$?P;X9\0Z%I4F at R3Z_X?U'7+
M:]L7:)PK112VC"9)(5*R>80`\H*'<"O\N/\`PT[\2O\`HH7CC_P?77_Q='_#
M3OQ*_P"BA>./_!]=?_%TEX$8Y;8J'_@,K[-;WOLVO1M;,'FT7O%_IT>VVZ3]
M4GND?T_7G[%O_"-_#'P/I_ at _XB>&]+\6> [F6\L]:UC1KW4K>^FN4F2]>YM8
M3;%_/:>67"2QA)-A&578>B^&'[.5Q\.OA?KUC_PL30I_&7B>XN]4U#7X=(N8
MH?[0G7:LT=JZR!8H56%$B>1SLA0.[L6<_P`K_P#PT[\2O^BA>./_``?77_Q=
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M^NO_`(NM9>!..DVWB8:W^R^MT[+973:=K:.VQ,<TC&*BD]+===&FKO=V:35^
MNNY_3Q\'OV.]9\&^*O"\WBKXJ>$?$VB?#RRDL/"ME9^&[_3KBW#1+;B>]G>6
M<74ZVRF,-'';H3-,Q0ED$=?P_P#L2ZAIGBG2].NOB=X/N/ACX?U^3Q)I?A^+
MPY?Q:DMR9I;B**>_:5TDMX;B8R(B6T;_`+J!2[!7\S^8_P#X:=^)7_10O''_
M`(/KK_XNC_AIWXE?]%"\<?\`@^NO_BZK_B!F8.2F\5"ZZ\LKWO>^^]]4]UT8
MO[2I\K at H:/3HM+6MZ6TMMY']<G_"-6?_`$,&C_\`?NZ_^,T?\(U9_P#0P:/_
M`-^[K_XS7\C?_#3OQ*_Z*%XX_P#!]=?_`!='_#3OQ*_Z*%XX_P#!]=?_`!=1
M_P`0'QW_`$%0_P# 9?YE_P!K1_E9_6UK/@73==T>ZL9_$=C'#>0O!(UO)?6T
MRJRE24ECB5XVP>'1 at RG!!! ->,_\.PO at O_SVN/\`PJ?$7_QROYJ/B%^TG\2K
M/7[=/^$\\<0;M,T]]O\`;%U%G=9PMNQMBSNSNW;#NSN\R;/G/A?\-._$K_HH
M7CC_`,'UU_\`%UG1\#<?*FIK%05TGM+_`#"6:0ZQ_(_IT_X=A?!?_GM<?^%3
MXB_^.41?\$Q/@S DZI-=(MT8S,%\5>(@)C'YGE[OWG.SS9=N>GF/C&XY_F+_
M`.&G?B5_T4+QQ_X/KK_XNC_AIWXE?]%"\<?^#ZZ_^+K;_B!>8?\`07#[I?YD
M_P!J0_E_(_IT_P"'87P7_P">UQ_X5/B+_P".4?\`#L+X+_\`/:X_\*GQ%_\`
M'*_F+_X:=^)7_10O''_@^NO_`(NC_AIWXE?]%"\<?^#ZZ_\`BZ/^(%YA_P!!
M<?NE_F']J0_E_(_IT/\`P3$^#)BAC\ZZ\NWACMXE_P"$J\18BBC0)&BCS.%5
M%55 X 4`8 H_X=A?!?\`Y[7'_A4^(O\`XY7\U&H?M)_$I/AKI,W_``GGCA?,
MU.]3S?[8NAOVQ6AV[]HW8W9V^<^W=GRXMVZ;"_X:=^)7_10O''_@^NO_`(NL
MZ7@?F$U?ZU#=K:71M=_(;S2'\OY'].D7_!,3X,V]U'/'-=)-"'$<B^*O$09 
M\;1/@^9D;HW=#CJKL#P2*/\`AV%\%_\`GM<?^%3XB_\`CE?S%_\`#3OQ*_Z*
M%XX_\'UU_P#%T?\`#3OQ*_Z*%XX_\'UU_P#%UI_Q`O,/^@N'W2_S%_:D/Y?R
M/Z=/^'87P7_Y[7'_`(5/B+_XY1'_`,$Q/@S%;-"LUTL+3-<%!XJ\1!3*R(C/
MCS,;BD4:D]2(T'11C^8O_AIWXE?]%"\<?^#ZZ_\`BZ/^&G?B5_T4+QQ_X/KK
M_P"+H_X at 7F'_`$%P^Z7^8?VI#^7\C^G3_AV%\%_^>UQ_X5/B+_XY4=W_`,$M
MO at E?VLD$YDF at F0QR1R>)_$3+(I&""#)@@CC!K^:SPG^TG\2KC0/$[_\`">>.
M)/(TQ'W?VQ=2>3_IELN[.V39][;NWP_>V^8=WDRX7_#3OQ*_Z*%XX_\`!]=?
M_%UG#P/S"3DOK4=';:79/OYC_M2'\OY']<VNFUM/#.GV4%_;7TL5U<3N8$E5
M45TA5?OHO/R-TS7-_"3P*NA?"GPS8W^L:79WUGI-K!<0.MP[02+"BLA*1,I(
M8$94D''!(YK^3W_AIWXE?]%"\<?^#ZZ_^+H_X:=^)7_10O''_@^NO_BZK_B!
M&._Z"H?^`R_S'_:T?Y6?UR?\(U9_]#!H_P#W[NO_`(S1_P`(U9_]#!H__?NZ
M_P#C-?R-_P##3OQ*_P"BA>./_!]=?_%T?\-._$K_`**%XX_\'UU_\71_Q ?'
M?]!4/_ 9?YA_:T?Y6?UR?\(U9_\`0P:/_P!^[K_XS1_PC5G_`-#!H_\`W[NO
M_C-?R<?#']I/XE7WQ*\/0_\`">>.+CSM3MD\K^V+J;S<RJ-NS;-OSTV^3+GI
MY;_=.%_PT[\2O^BA>./_``?77_Q=9KP+QSFX?68:)/X9=;^?D']K1M?E9_7)
M_P`(U9_]#!H__?NZ_P#C-'_"-6?_`$,&C_\`?NZ_^,U_(W_PT[\2O^BA>./_
M``?77_Q='_#3OQ*_Z*%XX_\`!]=?_%UI_P`0'QW_`$%0_P# 9?YA_:T?Y6?U
MR?\`"-6?_0P:/_W[NO\`XS1_PC5G_P!#!H__`'[NO_C-?R-_\-._$K_HH7CC
M_P`'UU_\71_PT[\2O^BA>./_``?77_Q='_$!\=_T%0_\!E_F']K1_E9_7)_P
MC5G_`-#!H_\`W[NO_C-7-%LK#0;BXN&UO3;C_0[F)8XH[C>[/!(B@;H@/O,.
MI%?R'_\`#3OQ*_Z*%XX_\'UU_P#%U]Q?\$0OB]XQ\;_\%H?@3H_B#Q-XFU72
M[CR[B2PU"^GDMY770I)XY#$Z1JQ$BI(KE#E at KB24XF?S,T\&L9@<-4Q4L1!J
MG"<VDI:\BO;?J73S.,Y*-GJ['[L?\$[O^3Y_VCO^P5X1_P#1>J5]G5\8_P#!
M.[_D^?\`:._[!7A'_P!%ZI7V=7Y13^%'7+=A1115$A1110`4444`%%%%`!11
M10`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`?DO_`,'%<JP?\$L/BBSL
MJ*-/\-Y+' '^GZ97\T*:E;R,%6XA9F. `XYK^F#_`(.);V73/^"7/Q+NH+RX
MT^XM;3PQ/#=02F&6WD34=+9'5QRK!@"".0>E?S5Z#XMLM.U/4+O5+?1_%<VJ
M3"ZN&UJ69Y6GRQ\X3P2Q3[CO?</,V.6!96949?V#PUS[.,!E-59?0IU8>T;:
ME5C";=H)J*DU&UM4W))NZ\SAS"G"4TY7V[>I#15KX%_#_6/BMXXCT'2[63Q%
M?W$/VB&SM]9M=/FD5)(VE"O<H0S&$2@(HW*3YA#+&RMNZ[\"_'GAWQ7<:?>>
M`?&EEYU_-:6$;Z;+=M,5\Q_+6:*,1W#".-VWQ*%98V<#;T_1,#XT</5,R_LK
M&S^KU5'F?/.DHI6ONJC=GW<4M'J>;4PSCLT_S^XYBBMCQ;\.O$GP_P!/CO-?
M\-^)-!LYI1 EQJ6E7%G"\A#,$#R(J[B%8XSG"GTK%BE6= R,KJ>A4Y!K]'RO
M/LMS*//EV(IUEWA.,UI:_P`+?=?>C%Q:U:-[3[7?\-=6F\G=Y>IV2>;Y.=FZ
M*[.W?Y)VYVYV^<F[;GRY=NZ'#K<T^UW_``UU:;R=WEZG9)YODYV;HKL[=_DG
M;G;G;YR;MN?+EV[H<.NVC\=3U_\`;8B84445T""BH1J5NP;%Q"=HR?G'%2HX
MD4,I#*PR".]<]'%T*SM2FI==&G^0W%K<W?A[:_;-?N$\GS]NF:@^WR?-QMLY
MFW8\F7&W&[=L&W&[S(<><F'6Y\/;7[9K]PGD^?MTS4'V^3YN-MG,V['DRXVX
MW;M at VXW>9#CSDPZ(_P`>7I'\Y#Z!111702%%%% &Y\,;7[=\2O#T/D_:/.U.
MV3RO)\[S<RJ-NSR9M^>FWR9<]/+?[IPZW/AC:_;OB5X>A\G[1YVIVR>5Y/G>
M;F51MV>3-OSTV^3+GIY;_=.?;Z!=W/2%E&<$O\N/PZUME^68S&XJ5/!TI5':
M.D4W;66]EH*=2,8WD[%.BMB'P=(V?,FC7TV at MG^56E\(6X4;I)BV.2"!G]*^
M\P?A;Q'B(\SH*"_O2BOPNVOFD<DL=174YVBNJ_X1NR_YX_\`C[?XU/\`V9;?
M\^\'_?L5])0\$\U=_;5Z:[6YG^<8V_$Q>9T^B9QU;GQ"M?L>OVZ>3Y&[3-/?
M;Y/E9W6<+;L>3%G=G=NV'=G=YDV?.?:A at CMUVQHL:YSA1BMOQU;?9=;@7R?)
MSI]B^WRO*SNM(6W8\J+[V<[MIW9W;Y<^:_3_`,01G]8IPGC$FXR>E.ZT</[Z
MOOV1/]IZ74?Q_P" >75,NG7#J&6WF96&00AYKLJ*]:AX'T4_WV+;]()?G*1#
MS1](_B<=_9ES_P`^\_\`W[-']F7/_/O/_P!^S78T5T_\01P/_03/[D+^TY?R
MG'?V9<_\^\__`'[-;=_HEPOPWTF7[#,K/J5ZAD^S$;\16AV[_)&[&[.WSGV[
ML^7%NW3=5X4\%:UX\U%[/0](U36KN.,S/!8VKW$BH" 6*H"0H+*,],D>M?0?
MAS_ at F?\`$OQ+X&MOM=OX;\/W$-_<?)?:C%)-,AC at P<6\4C!00V"\A!);:BD.
MS_"\7<(\(</5**SG-XT&Y;3E!2:Y9:J-^9ZM7:3LG=Z:G3A\3B*J?LZ=_O/C
M"BOICXM?L*_$?X3:C9PG19O$D=Y&76XT&":]CC(."C at 1AD;D$94`@\$D,!S^
MC?LJ_$;Q#X/NM=L_!^M7&GV5R]I*%A_TCS4<1NJP$^:^UR58JA"E7!(V-CGP
M?"/"^*P<,?0SZBZ4VHQD^1)R;:4=:J]YM-*.[::L.6)KQER.D[_UY'@]%?4G
M at .Y^'WPL\.MH_P`6?A/KTFO^9'-;S--=V4EU:O*0[21/*@#(`^PHNV0J%.PA
MI#ZMK?[$_ at OXQ7T.H^"_A#\6O#UE;W/EW.G7,EC;226ZAGDD4W<QEWHC*V\+
MY3"$IB,LTB?$<187!Y-B_9XZ4Z>'=U'$35"-&;5G[DEB9-J5U9N,4G=3Y;.W
M51G*I&\;-]E>Z_\`)3\_;W5+?3\>=(J$]!U/Y#FM3PSKMJ^A^*F6&2Z^R:6D
MI=+?S!#_`*;:INW>4^S[V-V^$'=M\P[O)E_1$?L8>&_AGJ.DZQH_[/OB+7/%
M6G-%(ESK6O6&G*4$7[N;R[>X:%I OED,( 6/[TN9,LVX?V>?#_QC\7:E>:_X
M#\6QKXBLHCI+:IHNC2?V%;KY",JR2--(LOF3/<%)^=JR*L9*,K_SIQ%QQQ(U
M.MEL<,Z";Y9+$4IS?*]&X*;:37OKFC'W8RM>S/6HX>CM/FOZ.WWV/S(TV%]5
M_LWRGT]?[6\WR/.U2SAV>7G=YN^4>3G'R^;MW_P[JUH_AUK:3:6;E_"MG9ZM
M>-917S^)K&2VC=4#R%VCD;:J*5+<$_.@`+.BM]B^)/\`@B/K'P^.H:IX-\?>
M';ZXN&*6&GZ_H=M>1+"S1OMEES,%D6-A^\6W!9E9<)\X7!T;_ at F9JG[/7@?6
M)M4\"_\`"SO$6GVEU?1ZGH=U;O9PKM:)(8[>]=)+B08$H_T*1AYHPCF,BORW
M'^,'%+BI4:T4O[M.+O?35RNE;3UUT[=T<!1ZK\3P?X<_LO:Y\6M0U:'P[KW@
MG5(]%D6&XGBU&?R_,)<;5'D;F7Y,B0+Y;AOD=RKA;_Q!_9 USX4>%KC6?$WB
M;P;H]C$4CA8S74_VF9G4",!8`P^3S&RJN?DY4+N9>'F^-OQ _LN+3+?Q1KFD
M:6'CN?LT-SY,MN_E*K)&8TC,4&<[(%Q'&"H`)7<>+01S>,(9O$$MT+.^N5?4
MM2BMSJ-W&CR?O9 at DDD:RS $L%9T#M@%E!)'T=;,/$FE1>*S3$NA13U_=0<]+
M-_#!6^=ENNC,5'"-V at KOU.H_LO1?^AX\'_\`?K5?_D&MK]D[P'K7[0/[0OA7
MPKH.FV=[JNI7?VB."XO;:* PP(UQ<-*\ZO$BI#%(Y\R-P0A'ER'"-]8?L;?L
M[?L,?M)?&34OMWB?XI^#_#OA^VM-0-SX_P#&7A[1;?6YFFD$MB88E6<H8T0F
M2"3.'D#-`PA:;]>-)_;.^ -OX5M?"_A/XL?!^/R[1-+T;2=)\4Z='LP at B@M[
M>*.XCVX^5$1&3' !7 at CS(^*'$%*4U4Q#J)W24H4XJSV;48IW:=[*6CMK)73O
MZG2>RM\V?@S\+_\`@FE^T/\`%[7YM-TGX*_$2TN(+=KEGUO3/[#MR at 95(6:]
M,,3/EQA%8N0&(!"L1GS?\$\/VA%^'W_"2Q_ _P")C:?_`&C_`&9Y+:',M_YO
ME^9N^QX-SY.WCSO*\K=\F_=\M?TS45K4\7.(Y1<54BO-05U]]U^ OJ-(_G3\
M6_\`!&+]JCPOX<OM2;X07TT.GV\ES*L&MZ7=SLB*6(C at AN7EF<@$!(U+L<!0
MQ(%2?#W_`((G_M6>/+"SOF^&,.DV-]I[ZA"VIZS96DQQ;M-'`\)F,T4TC!8@
MDL:[)' E,2AV7^BBBO.Q/B9Q'6K>V^L.-K644E'3RL[^=[WVVT*C at Z25K'XA
M_#'_`(-M/C;XHT*>\\3>+/A[X5GFTAKNRL(WN=1N$ORJF.SNF5$BB0$LLD\+
MSA2OR)*#D>"_M3_\$A_V@?V7-?TK35\+R?$BXU.W>Y=_`^B:QJUO8(&VJ)IC
M:1Q!W(?"(S. F6"!HR_]&U%<DO$#B)N_UN?X?Y%?5:7\I_-'\2_V`?V at K?2]
M!U_3_ at UXXOM(URRC@@_L_0)KBYAFM8HH+E;FVAA2:V<3AU_?Q*9"K,LEP 9W
M\?U'P7XP\-?$R#P5K'A#Q!IGC":YALQHEQI\\.I--,$,,8M63S=\@DCV+MR^
M]<9R*_JL\,S>?ITC>9YF+NY7._?C$\@QG>_3&,9&,8VIC8OQ7_P6-_:B\&?\
M$_\`]DCQ%H^A>&? :^(/C'<7PN-$N[*[M+?Q&DWDPZK<R-8HADN6BGC!:6XM
MW8,7$KM$(GZL+XD\04*OM(UVU_*TG&UT[6:;M;31J5NHI8.DU:Q^*VO?LS?$
MCPCXIT;1=<\`>,O#>I>(//;3X]=TB?1X[B.!!)<S>;=+'&D,$9\R:5V6.&,%
MW95!-8'C[P->_#3Q!%I>I7/A^ZNIH%N5;1M?L-<MU0LR at -/8S31(^4;Y&<.!
MM)4!E)Y.&6Q\1ZY?7T>BV^E0W5Q+<0VEL9GL[1&8E88C,[R%4!VCS'=\+EG8
MY-:E?T)PCF&>YK1IYEBJM*-*27N1A.[7G*4DXR].:+1Y5>-*#<(IW[W"BO3_
M`(=_L2?&CXO>#K/Q%X3^$7Q/\4>']0W_`&74](\+7U[9W.QVC?9+%$R-M='4
MX)PRD'D$5M_\.V_VBO\`H@?QJ_\`"(U/_P",UZ^(XZX;P]65"OF%",XMJ475
MIIIIV::<KIIZ-/5,B.%K-74']S/,=0M=GPUTF;R=OF:G>IYODXW[8K0[=_DC
M=C=G;YS[=V?+BW;IL.O?KS_ at GU\6--\$:?#XB\)0?#J\^W73QKX^U.P\%R7\
M9CMP#;G5C:FZ5"&W"&:81%UW1P>:K3Y?_# _CG_H._!7_P`/%X1_^65<>'\0
M>%E!IYEA]Y?\OJ?\S_O%2PM?^1_<SQ6BO7-6_P"">OQ OBAA\3_!F#;P0/C%
MX2P??C4_\^U5Y?\`@GO\1+W9;PZY\%[)84>1KB;XV>%)'G81+\GRZE@*SHVP
M; 1YN'<@;A\?GGC9D>75W3A*%6'24*U*2>G:,FUKIJE<Z:.5U*BOL^S37XVM
M^)Y717J'BS_ at F9\3M3UBX_X0+P]8^/H_,S%I7A#Q=HWC/6H(``/M$]MI-Q/+
M'%NP&D,8B1I(D+EG7=J:K_P3L_:6\5V2PWO[._Q2M4C?S%^S_#6>W<D`CEH+
M.-BN">-V,@'!P*\C!^.V$Q%94>2C!M)^]BH):J_Q*#BFNJ;33TWN=$LIC!2Y
MI-M;6C=/[VG;MHSS?PG:_:- \3OY/F>1IB/N\GS/)_TRV7=GR9-GWMN[?#][
M;YAW>3+AU[,W_!/CXZ>#/ GC+4O%/P;^*FGZ1::0;F6ZO_!-_;06:17$,LDA
ME:U<1JD22,SEX<(K9E(S%+XK;6L=G%LB18U]`.M?J/#?$E#-YU*N!E"=-/5Q
MJPG)2LM&J;G"S2NG[2_1Q5CS*U%T[*5[^EOSM^1)2.XC4LQ"JHR2>U+3)K>.
MY7;)&DBYSAES7U%;VG(_96YNE]%\[)F"\R+^U;7_`)^+?_OX*=<ZE!:0K))*
MBJPRISG=]/7KVJ!O#MDV[]POS')P2/RYXZ]!4L>EV\43(L,:JR[#@8)'UZU\
M]2EQ`XR52-%.WNM.;L_./+&Z])+YVUV?LNE_P-GX4:G::S\3_#MK'MN6GU.V
MC$)@,GG9E4;=AAFWYSC;Y,N<X\M_NG$&MVC3-']HCW*,YS\OY]*V/AEX:L9O
MB5X;A:SCF\_4[6%8FB\[SB9EPFPQ3[R>FWR9=PX\N0?(<1;_`$^P1F22UC'&
M?+QD_ at .:\BCC\XH57_:=;#4[).37/M[VRE*-K::N35NB-'&FU[B;+M%5;36K
M:^F\N&0NV,XV-Q^E6J^QP>887&4_:X2I&I&]KQ:DK]KIM7.>491=I*P4445U
MDA7WG_P04B6P_P""XGP#B:-;=I$+K&8O)+Y\/3,6"^3#G.=V[8=V=WF39\Y_
M at RON[_@@MI4-I_P7+^ +&W2VEQY at _<"%I-WAV<YQY,6=P.[.T[OO>9-GSG^-
MXZG6CD^)=%)_NJB=W;1I7MW=MEIK]SZ,+;VL;]T?T"?\$[O^3Y_VCO\`L%>$
M?_1>J5]G5\8_\$[O^3Y_VCO^P5X1_P#1>J5]G5_%]/X4?12W844451(4444`
M%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`'YY_P#!
M4'PMI?C7]ECQ1IFLZ;8:MIMUI^B^=:7MNEQ!+M>R9=R."IPR at C(X(![5^:MG
MX!T+3_%]UX at M]%TF#7KZ(07.I1V<:WEQ&-H"/*!O91L3 at DCY%]!7Z<?\%&_^
M3=/$7_8/T?\`G9U^;M?ROXSXBK'.J<(R:7LEI=VUG._WV5_1=CP\YD_;17]W
M]68/@+X8>'OA9:7UOX;T>PT.UU&Z^VSV]E$(8#-Y<<198U^5,I$F0H )!8C<
MQ)XOXL>*_BU<^+WT?P#X5\-6]G;Q)._B#Q+J!-G=-_%!%;VQ,X8;E/F2;5^2
M0;?N,WJ5%?E>'S"4*[Q%:*JRM]OF?H]&KM+17NO+8\J,[.[U]3Y-^+O[*WQR
M_:,\,:Y9^.OB!H.FZ*?*NK;0/"VG>?'>O&A/EE[AK=N756"RS.A=LG8$4CSC
MX4_\$F/$>N^ -/NO$'B>W\*ZO('%QI?]E)??9MLC*O[Z.Z"/N4*_`XWXZ at U]
M\T5^A\/^,O%.0TY4LBK1PRE;^'3 at M$K-:Q:?,[.3:<FTM4KI[/%3Y>16MZ(_
M//5O^"9_Q2\-_#O4%CA\(Z]?-=VTR16&H;)F5?-1E4W%LF/]8&(^T1J1$<K(
MWE[/+OB-^R3\3OA1X8EUG6_!.K0Z;;Y,TUK-;WOV=51G:218)'9(U56)=@%'
M&2,C/ZO@?N6_WAV^O^?\\-K];RSZ7W'N"A!5W2K*6K<H6EHW&R<6ELEJXMWU
M=Q_6-KQ7XGXRZSIMYX:U>YT_5;&_TG4;(*;FTOK9[:>WW*'7>C@$94 at _0@]"
M*HZW"MG?R65\%L[JQG:*YMKN+9+$Z$JZ.CX9&!R"", at CI7[!^,O at QX/^(NIQ
MWWB#PGX:UZ\BB$"7&HZ7!=2I&"6"!G4D*"S''3+'UKI:_0*GTWL74PM.C7RJ
M$Y6?M/WDHIRNG%QM&32M?F3O=VU2N@]O%:I/^OD?C?X`\+^-OC%XQ\/>&_ \
MFN:Q?>'Q+?Z;;0ZBRPZ1AQ(\L;LX2WS(%)8,F7*8)8C.AXO_`&2?B#\,=8LM
M/USX?^(%OM3)6T&FQ&^CN"4D8QJ\#NIDV12L4SN"*6(V\U^O&G:7:Z/;M#9V
MUO:PO+).R0QB-6DD=I)'('\3.S,QZEF).235BORNM])7&4\WJ9AE^68>G2E_
MR[<%*S[IV26OO-*.[;O=F_\`:$K<J6GJ[_>?D19_"#4_A%XXM]/\1:%=Z-J&
MI^';S5H+2Y42R&W-G<E9'C6.?RRIC<D2(CQE"2T&/.3E4<2*&4AE89!'>OVC
MB&6_`]O8_P"?\*X'_AEKX8_]$Y\!_P#@@M/_`(W7ZIPG],Z678/EQ^4POM^Y
MDJ<7;6_*XR2;YNCU\C*6(4E>5_S/R;HK]+/VA?V"O _Q8^&]Q8:!H&A>$]<M
M2]UI]YI=A;V/F7 BD6..=TA9C;EG!=5&3M&.15?]E_\`X(0:7\?+K3--N?$7
MBR"^@M87UZ^M9[9K"RD*CS#'NM at S`N'$:$AF`Y(`9E_6,C^FEPGB,+[;,L-5
MHU.:RA'EJ:6WO>%ON?J9U<11ITW5G*R6]_Z9^;L$#W,RQQJ69C@`5LV/A#<N
MZXD*Y'W4[?4_Y^M?O7X,_P"#?CX4_#WX>V&@Z?J$M])#/!>7FJ:QI5M>W]]/
M',LI7?A%CMV"+&857&POEBSLQ]%\8?\`!%?X!>/="T^SO_"-M8R6D48FET9$
MTTW<RJ0TK%!O&[<24#[!A>,C-?I7#OTSO"G!.%;-<-B:[E)W48Q2A%)6;BY1
M4FW?13LK:]SYW%<28.R]E5_\E>GK=?E<_ SX+^ KKQ%\0-,ATG1KK5/LL\5Q
M<I;637;1P+*F]W40S$H,@',4 at Y V/G::?BOP5K7@/44L]<TC5-%NY(Q,D%]:
MO;R,A) 8*X!*DJPSTR#Z5^ZOC'_ at B9\)?!-GJ7B+P7J?BKP'KT9:\EU&PU%0
M!&K><\0A=DMA&S(H*R#R at HQM`PR_$?[87_!#WXL^']"/C.Q\>:?\1=,C@=UD
MOM1D:Z at MRZFVB263*S;S*0&'EH#\QVACC^CO#3Z;/AMQ!G"P]'$1P-":C",*
M\)4Y.:3=E*'-14=;)RG%RVY4[<V-'&8;$07LY\TV[:Z:O9:VNWV5S\\J*]6^
M(_[#OQ8^$W at R'Q%KW at C5K719_,*7D1CNHRL8)D?]TS81-IW.?E4X!() -3]E
MCP#X)^)GQ+BT;QK=^,;:WO%*VW_".Z<+V<%0SN[(`[D*B'"I&V2V2R*I)_KF
MIQ]D<LGKY[E]>.*H44W)X=JN_=^))4W)N2UNEKHS>&'J2J*FU9MVUT\NOF>:
M5J>%/!6M>/-1>ST/2-4UJ[CC,SP6-J]Q(J @%BJ D*"RC/3)'K7[,?L7?LB?
MLL^"O NFV<-K;:_XAM[LWDFI>)K5K?4[*8JLT22'`6V98C$RH2K#<"0&;%?9
MFG?"GPSI-@;:#P_HZPM$L#AK1&:5`5(#L02_*J<L220#UYK_`"Y\7OVLV2<)
M9E4RK+N&<7.4924:F)_V:,XIV]I"#C*<HM:J_(]KVOI^K9'X2XC'TE6EBJ=K
M*ZB^=IM;.UDG\V?S&ZEIMQHVHW%G>6\UK=VLC0SP3(8Y(74D,K*>58$$$'D$
M5I^.K;[+K<"^3Y.=/L7V^5Y6=UI"V['E1?>SG=M.[.[?+GS7_I-\5?L]>!_&
MFG1VFH^%=%EMXYX[E5CMEA(DC8/&V4VG*L PYX95/4 CS]_V`?@K\0+JZU36
M/AOX5U;4)KF:*6ZN+<32R"*1HE#.9')*JBKRV1MP50_(ORF3?MD.#JRCB\VX
M>Q--P3BU3J4JB;ERM-<WLK+W)76MM+.5VUVUO!;,8RY*6(@[ZZJ2V]$^Y_.S
M17[\_'+_`()<? ;5_A3K8A^'&@Z6]K:R78ET^+[-,QB0NJ^8OSJI91G85) Q
MG!(/BWQH_P"""'PEU/2I+WPW<>*=#_LVUEE^R6EP;J74) -RJ6EWX^Z H5<Y
M8YW<`?T%X;?M/_"SBNC[6MAL7A??</?ITY)62:;=.I)ZWLK1:6C;2O;Y///#
MG,\LFH5)0E=7T;_5(_&^BOV2^%W_``1J^$FI^)8I+C1H8I=+DCN9[>3^TLLA
M8>7\ET55U?9*#N1E&P`A at Q ]Z\,_\$V/A/X>\/:AIK>&=+FMM7 at 2*^@2PMX+
M>XD0[DD,:1@,4;+()"X4GH3S7L<1?M&>`\!-4\%@L15EI=24*;2;5[>]-/W?
M>6JOHKI/F7FT>$<5+64DOQ_R/AS_`()W?\$W?@O\8?@[]O\`B)J_A?4M7MY#
M'*=(\02+Y3MAQ')*LQA=T4@'RP/O+V DE]2\6_L:_#2R^(VCVWPS\30PZSX7
MN?[.34]3GEOO[#MWMBDD"SS7`566-D>)7BDA19<K&YD.[V?4_P#@CC\#-4T>
M"Q. at ZA:VT-L+1A97OV-KJ(-&P6=XE5I_FBC;,I<[EW9R23SVC_\`!'SX>^ O
MB1IM[X"UK7O!DVAQF>XCADCO#JB3L%:*X,A,C0XMQM3"A6+,C;\E/XZSSZ06
M69]FV,S:IQ/F$/:>U<*%2A&6%@IQ:Y&HUZCY)I^S<51:496DY13O]!3RJ=*G
M&FJ,':UVG[S\]EMON9FA_LB?%B/4EC\+_$3PSK6GR*Z3:GJ%DEX8'92'AWVD
MEK\I0@;?)8_O#ERIPOEFK_LI_M.-J^@ZXGCW3?"NGZA-''>+:>'5;^QY\*J>
M1&XDN)5:8'YI#&>5*J2RH/J6V^ NK>'M7-LW at NT\1Z?;LR_:WOS97%V.<- at 7
M#*H!Z?+DJ!D`DXWOB%\:?'W@"'3V3P7:V&DQP.MQ=W>H/J#HX,2Q`F/&`VY\
MO(^20H ;+%?SC+/%K/,/BU#+88'$^T37[W#X/16EM&7,W-NS5Z:LXJ/*U*<7
MV3P--Q]_FC;LY?U;YGYM_P#!4O\`94U3X(>+/!/B;Q1XN\6W&IW&HVFE)XFE
M-M);:9:1AW!C2WBAE:6(Y90HR!&1E<Q9]8_9V^%]IXX\*2:;H_[06I:M=:+'
M;K-(+W3+WS9)I at I9I)+>9TC&9' >1V5$P-P4E?K[Q[H/Q.\6_#:&-=)\(>)[
MRZLWDM;AWC26(N P4RD&- W"[XD?`7<,D*3\5Z9_P1V\8>/_`(MSZUXX\ ^"
M]-T."V,-CI?A755M86P\A'VE=D9D?;(/WL;Q\PJ"A#$+^X\+>+^7\1<&T\FX
MLS*CA)X#FY)PCA*RJ^_=1AAJL:<H6C>*Y:D86DY6BU[WF5LOG1Q#J4(.7-_B
M5O5J_P"5ST3]G?4O^%5:;K'_``F'C[Q1K6N:/A=*BETN+4+L6MK(KQ319ABE
MN"EN;2.1E:0F:38I^^C8'P)_:0L?VJ?B+K/A7P1J>FQ>&-#DMKDZ[K:O;1RR
M2;RR)"0&C#0PNA<R#$HC_=RJBM7;Z;_P35\&_%_XIZ?#=>&;[25\!V]EIT+R
MZY<QW>G6\39B2.2(KND'SNDFWT)8\$]5X\_X);:#X?\`BAJ/BCP;JE[X8UK7
MHY$>\LFMVN[Z7RS*T#17"M;[9&A5S)'&)-PR01YCGXS&<8^&\ZN+EC,156/Q
M%-2A*5&C##4*BE%ING1E-RC*G=K5J#;;IU>92CTQP^,M'E2Y4]=7=KU?G]_=
M&QXCT#6)?B-#X?M8]-NC?J(;2Y71K6&.YAE"GSU\I6&P!21(I+*H8_*=PJE^
MT7^RS>>.=-D\'W&I>*H]&DL6 at N;[P[X8MO.N%D0QO;NTB$.I0AC(&+AN`0=U
M><?L!^#-=MM;UD?%CQ+=Z#XPANRMO<_8(M/O'L1YR10RW$(-O'(CK.YB$DI4
M7(!(+BO&_P#@H;_P4!\8? 3XDVOAWP[X at M]>MU%U'J5G?:E_:%N3YD+0$B.1
M)0RJ"P9E1'68, Q'R8\*^''$>8<=T^%^%,31JU\/#G]JH6I2DH\WM*<I0:E&
MVD&DHN4E>W0KXRC#"NO732?2^OH]3QW]I'_ at D'XH\"*MWX72\U"UE.8]-UJ$
M6MV<>6I\N5 at L4G+.QR(]J@`;R>?DGQS^SUXD\$Z8EYJOAOQ#H%O)((4FO]/F
M at ADD(8A0SJ/F(4G /13QQ7ZR?!3_`(*;W'@3]E31]2\5>,O"?Q$\6:Q#`EWX
M<LI6O]7E>9_*5! S(#(4:,RQ*Q ;?M4#(KZHT/P=X/\`VDOAA)JGAFSCT'5K
MI8;AX9+=H'MG"';')$RAHT8$YPJG(!9=R, at _>,Q^DQQGPG1>!\2LGAC:,*LZ
M,<2N:G)N#2D^?D4N6SBXU/9OGL[N3?N^7#)\/7?- at ZCB[7Y=]_*_X7/YN;[2
MYM.;]Y&0N<!ARI_'_)K2^&M at NJ_$;P_;/;K=K/J=LA@:#SQ+F51M\OR9]^>F
MWR9<]/+?[I_4+]O3_ at E/J'Q$UZ37_#-WX-LKRSE%KJZ"YB2VNY'9Y/-*QJ9O
MM&\N&WQDL$)ROEDM\%^*?V0O'/P*\=^$[KQ)X9N+;3=6UBWMHB#%?1M)YBGR
MF$27()89VJT,A<!@(Y,%3^H8/BGA3B;)5F.0XN$G4BU/#SG'VT'9MI)J/M8\
MJYFXQNHM.26MN65&O1J<E6+\FMG_`)'5?L"?\%9/B!_P3EUM8H'O?&WP]N(G
MMY?"-_J3PVUFY,DJS64A606C^:[LX5"DHD;<NX1R1_M=^RM_P4]^$?[6M[H>
MDZ-K%YX=\9>(+>:[M?"GB*V^P:UY,<4-PLOE;F1DEMKB&XB9'82PL[(3Y,PC
M_F[NK?[7;O&695D&TE>N*[7]C?QKX/\`!G[3_P`%=6_L/Q[<:GX;\4VVI:FN
MD^1K%QX at FBNXYK*VL;#;;M$[LB0MNN9BQDWHHVB)_P";_%KAFCEF80Q6%BHP
MK)Z+1*4;7LK];IZ))'K8&LYPY9;H_J3HJQ8:7-J.YE7;#%@RS,#Y<(/=C^!P
M.I/ !/%6=VFZ=]U9-1E''S at Q0 ]^AWN#VY0C`R#D@?A^*SJC2JO#T8RJU%O&
M"O;2]I2;4(.VJ4YQ;7PW;2?I1IMJ[T7G_5_N*5I9S7]PL,$4DTK9VI&I9CCG
M@"KO_"-R0?\`'U<V=F.A$DV]U;^Z43<ZGKG<HQC!P>*\_P#&W[8WPZ\':QKV
MA:U\2O ?A^Z\-V\5WK&EW&OVEF^E02/"L4MS$T at 9%9I[=5DE&6,T0R2RY^#/
MVJO^#D/P'\'OB1=>'?ASX)OOBI#I5Q+;7VLKK$>EZ7*ZA,&SE\N9KE-QE4OM
MC3,89#*CAZK!Y;Q!F=3V6'2A?[-.+JU+=U)VC%]&G3J)6OS.^A*=*"N]?71?
MU\T>K_MY_P#!93P+^P5XHM_!MGX>UGXA>.I'OK^\T^ZOAX9TZTL8A/+Y\>H7
M2SI=,YC:**&!6+21R1$0S(MLWYM?\%#/^"Q.K_M8:IX=T[QI^S?\(;SPG)#!
MKGA7^W-1U;4-0CAGB$<KKJ>G7MFLJ-,DB21)&@CDM_*E4SVS$<S^VO\`MK?#
MK]H/XA7OBC4/V:_"K?$#Q!+::AJ6L:UXT\0W<%Q:O:(8HEM(GL=CK$;=1(K>
M4PB8HK*Z./E/5/$&J>(;;3[+6O$6L:Q'IN&LK:]OI)8[7;!!;@QHS';B"TM8
MN/\`EG;1+]V-0OW&3^"F;8VK">8.JHMJ\IUI4KIM:*-)P5VMK0N^KN<U3,81
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MM^7W+[WHO,SXT*;LLS;CD9QQ[<4ZOK#P[_P0P^,WB#PX;O4O$W at O1[Z2SCGM
M[$W<\DB3LT>Z"=XX=B;$,A+QF4%T51E7,BY'P:_X)_V'Q-\<7BZ]_P`(O'I_
M at _6[W1]?@T>34OM,U_:3O$;59+B1E-L\?E2^:H63#; $(+#^?8_2MX3K^TCD
MZ=?V>_O6>OG:=[O16;7FMCZFEP3F,FE57(WM>^O_``V[O9^IXA\+M;U+PI)K
M&M:/=7NG:MH=K!J%CJ%F6CN--GCO[0QSQRK$[0NK8VR*\!!(`D)/E2^@?\/)
M?VBO^B^?&K_PM]3_`/CU=Q\*/V"_!NJ_&#XM:'JE]XACM_#ZK=(GA^WCN%TJ
MRFD\^WM]\\4MS)=M$B_\>T9PJ,AF<RF.L?PE^QG\-?B5=PS>&_V@/#LEOK%T
M8=-L+_3HX]0YD*1Q-&UQ#(TA. #Y2[^"J@,*\VMX^< X_$R_UFR]N45%J3H>
MWC%2C=)RY+Q;Y;I6LUK>VIX&*HU<)5E04VG%V=K[_+]3G_\`AO[XAW'[R^M?
MAAK5[)\UQJ.L?#'PSJFHW\A^]-<W=Q823W$[G+/-,[R2,S,[,Q))_P`-1>"O
M$/R^(O@'\,+J:^XU/5-'O=:T?496?_6SVT<=\VG6LY)9D5;%K6-BH%L8E$59
M_P"TM^Q?XN_9?T;^V=6NM!U3PZ]VULE[:W at AF&6Q%NMY<,9'7+%(6EVB.0D[
M5R?'[$:EKUW=QZ1I=UK"V%H]]=-:*THM;=,;Y9-JD)&N1EF(49&2,U^@9/Q!
MX99CEO\`:^3U(4J5U&4J'M,/.[VC-4/9S:[*5XWVU,8U*\^O,O.S7X[?F>X?
M\8Z^-?\`HM7PT^R_]@SQQ_:6[_P3_9?+Q_T\>9YG_++R_P!Y?\*_L)0?&S1;
M_7/AG\7/A3XVTW21]OO-`O-<;PAXDATY3&99)_[4A2P@>-)4$C175Q&C[O+D
MG5"3P_P-_8^^)/[1-M9ZMX?TRWM?#]Q*\/\`:.H3)!:;HU.[!&Z:0;_W8>.-
MEW@@GY6QZ7-_P28^)ES<[I-1^'<B8QAKRZ+?G]F]?:OS'Q \2LBHJ64Y5Q-/
M!RA/E<*B6(5NMZB;Q"5^;FC*M[172BH12B:1K4XO][&+?D[?AM?Y'G>A?"CX
MG?LX?&[X?Z3XO\-^*OA[XFL[N*[T^WN_#SZ1JT\-Q<%&=F-J]Q<HY62,;XYQ
M at 2(J.,H?+8M&M84"K;PX']Y=Q_,\U]U?`3]C7X[?!2/2]%T_XD:+9^![S6?M
M7B#PD)'U+0K^(B!3.^G7EM+8W5UM0E#/;'RWM[9PQ95,?J7C[_ at FW\*/C!HE
MO-?2:YX%\9M:PQWNM>&+:W?1KVY#;Y[Q]%DVA'G8R+Y5I>6MM"IC\N$",I+\
MKD?TB. .'*WLL9AHU8R]WV]"+J.5GS2G.%51J03<F^6$JK;U2=TD59TYV<:E
MK]'I\KK3YNQ^=?PG^&>M?'#Q_9^&?#-JNH:I=$M(2^V&RB4@/-,X!V1KD9."
M22JJ&9 at I@^+G@'5?@3XP;P]XF6SAUJ&SANYH+.Z2Z\GS(Q)Y;%"=DBYP5;'9
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MXZ_9G\$?$OXG:/XRUO1/MOB3P_Y'V"\^V7$?D>3*TT?R(X1MLC,?F4YS at Y'%
M?FW%7TK.)<4X4Z=98=.#DI4.2;4FO=C)3T<4[73C"<=5?73"56G'2VZZ6>O]
M;[,^>?V:_P#@EY'X#\>:U>?$)O#OC#28YHY-&B1KL/N25F#S1;UB"E0NZ%Q.
MI)QN`4B3]"/^"7/P#\"^"?\`@H!\--3T;P5X3TC4K:^D\F[LM'M[>>+=:RJV
MUT0,,JQ!QU!(YS7G->Y_\$WQC]N3X=_]?S=O^G>3_/\`C7X1@^-\\SW/L-BL
MSQ,YR=:BK<SM;F=THWLD]6TE9MLG#UYSK1N^J/M__ at G=_P`GS_M'?]@KPC_Z
M+U2OLZOC'_ at G=_R?/^T=_P!@KPC_`.B]4K[.K^MJ?PH^HENPHHHJB0HHHH *
M*** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** /@'_`(*-
M_P#)NGB+_L'Z/_.SK\W:_2/_`(*-''[.OB+C/_$OTC^=G7YO&0'^!?U]_?\`
MSBOY7\9J<99W3;DE^ZCO?^>?9,\/.?XT?\*_-C:*<9 ?X%_7W]_\XH,@/\"_
MK[^_^<5^1^QA_P`_%_Y-_P#(GDV\QM%.,@/\"_K[^_\`G%!D!_ at 7]??W_P`X
MH]C#_GXO_)O_`)$+>8 ?N6_WAV^O^?\`/#:DW at PM^[7[P]>.O^?P[TTR`_P+
M^OO[_P"<5TUJ,.2G^\6W][^:7]T;6BU&T4XR`_P+^OO[_P"<4&0'^!?U]_?_
M`#BN;V,/^?B_\F_^1%;S&T5XC\?_`/@H%X!^!LUUIL5POB;Q) 7C.FZ6_F+;
M2#S5VW$V2D.)(]K+EI5RI\MAU^8U_P""KGQ.*_-I'@%6QR!I]X<=?^GK_.![
MU^P\%_1_XTXJPKQV4X:]+I*;]FI?X>=+FMU:-8X=VNW;UO\`Y'Z&1#+?@>WL
M?\_X4VO at 3PS_`,%-_B;XFUY4_LWP>J6=I?7C0VVG7?\`I)CLKAT60^9,PC5]
MDAVJG^J :2-"[C@/B_\`\% OB%\;?"4FBZU;>&=,TN3S3<C26OK5[I'@EA,<
MC"Y^:,>;OV-E2T4>X,NY6^YI?1-X]=6GA,12A!-MRESJ2BG97=M/LMVOL:QP
MMUK)?C_D?H]\*OBKX-^-7Q'T7PGX;\;>#M4US7KI+2TMK?6()Y'9CUV1LSE5
M&68A3A5)QQ7Z*?"?5O O[-FGV/@73M3NM8U:>=Y;TV=O)>2-.$82.R1!MF/)
M">6N64!2P/S/7Y7?\$4/^":/BSXQR6_Q9O-*A^'OA/4(IHM(D at -SOU6 M(23
M#+.Q>V)EC5-P!;[''('!5C<>J_MK?M)_\.RO&VI:9X&DUC3;S6+.YTZWFU#3
MUO+J]DA2R3S;B<SQ28=%`68;I2IB?<-FR3Z#)_HZY-FG%"X3X8S%X[%R at VE&
M*4(R5W)2J1=16C%<WNQEU4N6QX.983"XR4L.ZNL$VXIVUNDKNSZOX;7[]#]8
M*Y_XC>,-)\*:%)_:?B*/PZTJ-)%.)(O/8)AF\M)%<.<8& C'YA at 9(K\#9O\`
M at M5\>Y=8CNE\3>7"FW-HLUUY,F%D!R3,7^8NI.'',*8P"X?R/X[_`+8_C/\`
M:6U%[KQK<KK<C<J);BZ$:,!<*C[!-M9T6=55V#-MMH5)8>8)/Z,X9_9H\:SQ
M\/[<QU&E0LFW37M9W[*$W3B[=;RMVOK;Y:CP]2C-2G5NET4=_ONOP?H?JY^U
MU_P4ETW5]#OO#WPN^+FD^(7U6Q>WDDNY=./F[FC5XH!#$UP\\D4DHB46KXDB
M&0X95;\Y_AC_`,%?/CQ\,I?+7Q9#K6F>1+;KI6IV,;Z>!)]XF&,(K9!88;*_
M.3C."/'?AEXHTZ;XHZ!N\'Z!>QR:K!FS?[;+',&ED_=%0\K,O[U%P(Y"1;Q 
MK(3*)<"V\3V,'D[O#NCS>7LW;Y;O][M\G.[;,/O>4^<8_P"/F7&W$7E_WUX7
M_19X)X5P6(R#&97''0DH2YZU'#.=W[2+]Y2NG9+6*CH^KN?26IPHQITDDEOH
MM?-I12;U['UI\1?^"GNJ?M.:C!8ZAXFU3X2VGER12W%CI\6JV\H:!(@0L:PO
M:LB01HK0(Q8LI)3RPU9G[(/[2WQ ^%'QCTWP+\+;[2/B#X?TR>.>RO+_`$@V
M:6<)/FW$OS M$!),PWRK*0RH44DJK?+UMXGL8/)W>'='F\O9NWRW?[W;Y.=V
MV8?>\I\XQ_Q\RXVXB\ON?@5^U;J?[.\][<>'?#?A/[=?QQPRW=U!<S3[%105
M4^>-JNZ^8P``+MV545/IL]\"<CPW#.+R/(,IA4HU(<L,-6C0=#GNTJDZEGB9
M2C&<XI2K2CR2E3BHQ:MWX7,9TZL)\_+RO>-TTNR2]U;+9;ZG[-?LL?#3XS:^
MF at ZUXWL_ACID<,J74O\`9.FPL+^%GCDBDA;R@\++&'5D;)+,C*Z891]65^,?
M[*W_``6_UKX;W]Y_PG%IJ,VFK%Y5C9^'D C7>)"[,+F5T5E<QNI53DAPV0QS
M]V?"W_ at H_HOCWP1-XLUR35/!/A6X@^UVUYJDMO _ER1_NU56A*DF68(K2-&C
M>0A!=3OG_P`"_I5?1&\8<+G\L=C\KP\<,M*3PD%"$G-\WLX03G4J5%>]ES=8
MPTBHK^A^#>-,DAAE256?.]^=WV6]]$ETZ>?<^L*S_#$WGZ;(WF>9B[N5SYF_
M&)Y!C.]^F,8R,8QMCQL7\]?V_?VY?$GPHL=/\3&33=>\,+?S"#2;IFMKF.=Y
M,VR?+!)#)MACF9Q+D8*@.6+(WQ9\8/\`@I_\2+KXC:;?:;'8Z#!I@@U&QMHU
MG!C\Y8[C#$B$%/WDH"I&L8$Q=-S+#.NWA'^S1X_XXR>GCJ&+I485>:7,U=1E
M3O'D:<HS;;G&\N3E2;<7.VKS3Q9P&$Q#C&DY<NFZ5T[.^S71]?6Q^YOQ7_Y)
M;XE_[!5U_P"B6K0K\0&_X+I?'*7PY-I,DGA6XL;B*2"19["6:1T?(8&1IB_1
MB,[L at 8QC%>P_LX_\%J=2\17%GI?B;7IO"UQ(I66:YA%]:W,[>0J,L\FY[=,^
M<2CJR 88S @AOUO)_P!G+XM\%Y-7GC84:\>>4E[&<JDN7E23E!0YKOEVBII7
MU:2N?*9]X at 99FM>G*CS1LK/F26M^CO\`G;T/U&\6>#8?%?V.0W%Q8W=C+YL%
MW;)%Y\7JJLZ-A6P-P&-P&#E208]%\7J^IMI6I-':ZM&YC0%6CBU ! YD at W??
M`4_,H+&,@@DC#-X_\%OC3?\`CC5_[+USQ1JEC?7#`6DD,-FL,Q_YYG= 2')Z
M'.&SC at XW>J:I\.;K6K"2VN?%'B"2&3!($=DK*00596%N"K*0"&!!! (((!K\
M1S/):N75/J.93BK*\6N;2_5/D]Y;W5UKU3.>%137- ZBL^VFW>*;R/S,[;6!
MMF_.W+S<[=YQG'78N<?>?&$P-"^%%QX>\W[/XP\82>=C=]JN8+K&,XQYL3;>
MO.,9XST%06?AW5)/'>I6I\5^(/+AL+25?DM.KR7(/'D;1]P<@ GN2 H'E1P5
M&U3V=:+22W4D_BCTY7U?<OF>ET=M17/_`/"&ZC_T-GB#_OS8_P#R/69::1JT
M_C/4-.;Q5KGDVME;7*,(++<6D>X5@?\`1\8`B7''<]>,80P,)J4E6C[JN_C[
MI?R=VBN;R.SHKG_^$-U'_H;/$'_?FQ_^1ZS/!&D:MXE\&:1J,_BK7%FU"RAN
M9%C at L@JLZ*Q S;DXR>Y-)8&#@ZGMHV32VGUO;['DPYM;6-GXAZ[<>&?!E]?V
MMQIMK-:JKB2_W_9U&X9W;/F)(R %Y+$#G-?GW^U)_P`%@O!&G7$DWA;PGH?B
MS7-'*7U_/;7MP%B0&&.-A>V\8&X-,@`+%/E(+)(L:/\`1G[?7[,WBSXY?!S^
MR--\831Z:C/<:O\`VA"&62VC7S&B5;8V[8D"&)CO)V2LH"AV=?QG7X1^*/ >
ME^)/[:^%=Q&NFV85YYK"_>!C#<6;2L)EWIM*6\[%XY(ALN)RLFWRXZ_O;Z(/
M at IP'Q1AJN:<0XKV]>E4 at EAX3]C[DY*-YSE*G*::4GRT[.%HR<ES)/Y?/\RQ5
M!J%&-DUNU?\`SM\]S[P^#7_!4WX2_$7PJS>*-/OF\;7]S'&HU?47AAB4Q*'=
MKC>L311$$C>Z22*K`*&\M'^2_P!I3]G[P#XCM=9N/@[8WNI2>#[:*[UV>TU2
M*?2+>V:.XD+*\TAEDFQ&N1$60*I&`^17S];>)[&#R=WAW1YO+V;M\MW^]V^3
MG=MF'WO*?.,?\?,N-N(O+FT3Q'I*ZC9+?:#IHM%DB%S(@NI9"@,&]@GVA S$
M12':&0$W$H!3$1B_T>X0^CW at N"\UJYOPE7Q5",^5RHRFJM%\K^%TU6 at Y1C!S
M5.-^:,Y\SE-+D?R&(S:6)IJG747YVL_OL^N_EVW/T*\%>!OB!H>GZ+>>%/V.
MM*TV32X#!!JNG:U;R7-P`OE%FG979F(#!F!!)9LYKZ8T[_ at JKHO@7PP=$^+7
MA_4/#OC*:TE0:3=P+#;WDT<.9;=KN0K9DDX&X2!<RJK)&P*5Z_\`L5_$;1/C
MC^SMI.L^$]>U2?2-T]LD_P!D2 -*'E\PJLB%\*\H`+8R8%.T`L&L_M0?LYVO
MQ<^'FM0M";^2^MI8[J'9'%)=0LD at 9-\4/G.WEL(E4.O 0DEAEO\`)7B[Q*R/
M/.(GDW'.3JDZ%24'.G7Q:Q$9*33C-XNKB+13NYTTJ<VURJI#=?=X?!U*5+VF
M&J7NNJC;Y<J7R>OHSY2^._Q$\-^/O!FL^+?#-EH:Z&=#U.25YM5?4-'<A4^4
MV\,>V2',<N\@LZ ,D:X=@/S/\4_'3Q1^TC\8/#]SXGNAJ2KJ$<5K81VP:VMT
MDG!,:0B*;=GA?FBF=PJAEEP%/Z1_#?\`X)!:SI7C3Q-KFKV.BQOK&FSV1L=(
M4Z/8RPRPQPR6_E17,H;<$W+G8 \DC,Q;RC'\;?M#_LC-^RE\6/!;+H>F^(=!
MUR_M/),T%V\B$M:R)#,$:5':6%2?EB)<SW($`V1*G]R?1KXG\-<%C<5D&3XK
MZ[B72;H3E%7BG3FZM.,YS;NEI*7[M5$M(IW3^:SBCC)1C5J+E5]?O5GHO\['
MQ?KVE?V9=_*/W,G*<YQZBO5O at O\`#>R_9(\?^!_C!X]N/[/;3;^P\0>'_#EC
M)!?:Q?2K+'<P7MW:"=)+:P2/RKC;,UO+?1R0);,D4\E_9]]X7BT#X$_#SP_X
MV\2>"_"_B/Q!XBMS?^#]%U!;FXT]HH+C[*^JZ at GG;)8_M-E=QQ6?261KAYU6
MWCMX+KP?7?B>_B?Q+=:MKFCV.MZQJ%R;O4;W4+R_FN=1G9H7FEFD-QN:25HY
M6=L at DW<Y!!$7E>SXU<#QS[$U<)@Z<J6!<YKVB4>=582Y:E.BU.T8PFG"<][<
MU.GRSBJL8RW%>SBI2=Y::=+/9O3JM5][['].7P=_:4\'_M3^`+3Q-X$\4:/X
MH\.286*33;CS([)VCCE\B2/.^"8))&7BE"RJ6&\!C7YC_P#!=K_ at K-K/@OQ+
M?_ 7X97OB_P?XNT6_M;KQ)XCM+E+/_16M8KJ*WM)(V,_SF>(R.#"R^08_P!X
MDKX_*J*ZT-7B:3PCH,QC\O=NFO5$NWR,Y"W `W^3)G;C_CZFQMQ#Y6A+XXAU
M+7KK5=4T6QUK5=2N!=ZA>ZA>W\UQJ,Q:%I99G-QN9Y6CF9VR"3>3D$8A\K^=
M<C\$\7@\52HUXQ^K1;NH.S:U>SMK)_$[MZMW;W]>IF,9)M;^9RT.B6D"[5MX
MSSGYAN_G5E%$:A5 55& `.E;MKXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O\`
MDR9VX_X^IMNW$/E%KXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O^3)G;C_`(^I
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ML]K%M55^1,G!.W)YY)-;%KXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O\`DR9V
MX_X^IMNW$/E%KXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O^3)G;C_`(^IMNW$
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MY#N;\Z=+_:I_X7W\8-)\.:IHV at V?PVOM5L;37'N!(7M-.DO;..6ZN)S(8H.C
M#>"%C-TV#O6)T_0C_ at K3\6)OA1^S)8V[6/A?5M-\9^(+?P[J47B.UN+BQ at MY
MH;F4S8MB)U>-XHW5X]SKY8*J7 -?YG^/&:<1Y]G&7Y+F>)?^TM\\$E=Q3C:,
M6HM1DO>O!67-;F3;T_:LIADV$IUL1E<7*-)+WI6UE[VNC7NM6M\['Q[^WS_P
M4ID_;D\)Z=\-_!OA/7-)T[5=>LC#/=ZHD%QK/R,JVL]LF8T0W#HP+3L`84<J
M#]WTG]BW]C*X_9H-]JVIZT]QK6K1-;W-CI\A&E)&'!B;:R*\DRX;]XVT`3.H
M7^)OAKPYXF73];L[31?#^F^(M4MM3AMM-GTZ75%DU6=)K98GM_WJ3[I6A9@`
MB2 W<H"QE81#]"?#GX at _&KXQ_"G5(YM*^($DG at F^.E/#IOAW4)9);VWM8V6V
MN[FVO(KSS9&MIDF_=.L;W^Z0H6MO)_7.(^!\IX>RC"Y)PY7AAL)7A"K.-:25
M1RE[JE*<M+-K2*<=?L+W3Y3+,[E7Q4\;CH2J58Z1Y5HDNEE^>NA]"?$K7[KX
M>_M(:%XBT>&X\6:G)HK:+<^%[:^/VN"WN+^V(U""`1,BJ/+D626>2"(^7"IE
M4@!L[]LW_ at G[:?M+ZVOB'0]0T_P[XD6QFMKJ22S:1-8.U1 )65QY>S:5\P([
M;6 P1&JUJ_\`!._P_9:E\#-.\<17FI7FJ^+H6DUB6\'F27<\!CM1NED:6<K'
M]FDV`S!<W,S!$#1Q1>^"0#^!?U]O?_.:_F7/^)\1D^>4\5D]=4ZU!2IN=I7E
M:4HM.,H\MEK;1O5-NZ7+\1Q!FBQ>/EBJ2Y;Z=]M->G0^1OV?/^"4WAWP/::!
MJWBZ^DU/Q-ILCO>6D"VMUHUTN]@J&.>UW,IBVABV&#%BI4A6'U#9^ ="T_Q?
M=>(+?1=)@UZ^B$%SJ4=G&MY<1C: CR@;V4;$X)(^1?05L"0#^!?U]O?_`#F@
M2 ?P+^OM[_YS7Q&><1YEG&(>)S#%<\FFOM:)N_*O=^%65EY+L>%4K3F[R8VB
MG"0#^!?U]O?_`#F at 2 ?P+^OM[_YS7SWL8?\`/Q?^3?\`R)G;S"$9F7_>';_]
M=-J2!P9D_=J?F'KST_S^--$@'\"_K[>_^<UTRHP]A']XMY?S=H_W1V5MS2\)
M>-=5\"ZC)=:3?364DT9 at G5#F.ZA)!:&5#E)8FVC=&X9&`P01Q6EI_P`-/#'C
M[6]0UCPKH^A^&O&&L>6E[I5O%+OUUHEVP_9YGWO(XCW+Y,\I8M at 0M(95ACYL
M2 ?P+^OM[_YS0) /X%_7V]_\YKSJF!C=SI5E&35FUS6:6J4E;WE===5T:>IK
M3JV7)+6/;_+M^7=,;17<"0?&K^!?^$V_'_BI.GO_`,?O_I3G_GX_X^>)$@'\
M"_K[>_\`G-.AR3O&4TI+=>]]Z]W5/H_5-)II34I*.J=T]G_6S75?FFFVU[G_
M`,$WQC]N3X=_]?S=O^G>3_/^->'"0#^!?U]O?_.:]R_X)P,/^&X_AV-BC_3F
M]?\`GWD_S^-?7\(T8+-,*U-?QZ/\W\S\C3"K]['7[2_,^WO^"=W_`"?/^T=_
MV"O"/_HO5*^SJ^,?^"=W_)\_[1W_`&"O"/\`Z+U2OLZO[:I_"CZR6["BBBJ)
M"BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH ^
M`?\`@HW_`,FZ>(O^P?H_\[.OS=K]"/\`@J[X;E\6?LE>*+*#5M6T.9K309DO
M=-D1+B%HY["0`;U="K;-K*RLK(S*0037Y!?$SX&^/?BA\-K[PGJ/Q T&\TVZ
MN8YUN[WPDD]\5BNEN(EEVW"6TF-B(W^CA74'*Y)K\TXH\$.(>,<;2S3*E%T5
M:E.\DI1LW)R49.*DDIK3F3;T\UY.:4>>M%WMHOS9[-X9\4Z7XUT2'4]&U*PU
M;3;K=Y-W97"7$$NUBK;70E3AE(.#P01VJ_7D/C?]E[PMXKURQUG3;?\`X0_Q
M)8:G_:RZUH%M;6NH3RE9%=99&B?S(W\QBZ."'_BR, at W;GP#XXTZYM;C2_B;J
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M`!"TKP[XP\&^,/ \VN[8].U#5H;633+RX<OLM%NK:>:);AQ'(5B9E8A.F60-
MT?["-]\-?B7XA\2>-O#7BZP\>>-KA4T[6-26PN=-;3K90C0VMO9W+M+;6S8,
MA(++--YK;_E$<?KG[2GP+TW]I?X$^)_ NJ2>3:^(K,P)/M9OLDZD203[5="_
MES)')LW -LVG at FOR',\=ALNS"GEF8491C%*,Y2C.%2#<GS-0DU=1W490C*2W
MY6]/U7+?#>CB<L]K*I^^L[<LDX7W2NE\FTVCSNO-?VH/A=XT^+?P_.E^#/&@
M\&70+32RQV\GG7K*`8H1<1R*]O&6'SLBLY& .-RO#\4_'WB;]BF'2G^+-_HN
MM>#]1N/[.MO&&EV\EO.MR+99%2\T\>85:4QW1$EN\B?(H:.(,*VO`WQSL?'?
MQ'UCPQ'H7C+2+[1[2"^\W6= N=-AO()2RAX_.17&'1TQ(J%C&^P.$<KW8+#X
MW!RAFN$2J0C[T9\JG!V:3NI*UTVKQE%2C=-I:,_-,=D^.P%64,13<7&U]+K7
M;75:]#\W?'G[&'Q(^"GP=N_%WB70]/TO3-+N8[:XM8]0BFNHD?:JS[4+(T9E
M=4P)-X+9*;06KSN\TR^T/4+BQU*V^QZA:.$N+<NK-;L5#>6^"=LBA at KHV&1P
MRLJLI4?9?_!6?XO^']9\.Z+X!MYC?^(+'4X]8OH(@&CLHA;S(BRMD8D<S*RI
MR=H+-M#)N^1/%_Q M_B--H=Y:Z*ND_8]!L=*NW%XUP;^>TA6W%P057R]\4<2
M[%R!Y><DL2?].? 'C_C//*&#Q6>1OAZWMU%1I\BC&'LE"6]W!N3BI1O9NSM%
M<Q/Q4^=JS_KN_7\"Q\/;7[9K]PGD^?MTS4'V^3YN-MG,V['DRXVXW;M at VXW>
M9#CSDB^'UG)J'Q T"&-M#6234[4+_;?_`"##^^3BZ_Z=STD_V"U2_#VU^V:_
M<)Y/G[=,U!]OD^;C;9S-NQY,N-N-V[8-N-WF0X\Y+WP1\1V7A3XBV6K7FDV/
MB"#35EE6QNR?LT\NQEC\P+RR)(5=DZ.$*' 8FOZMCDKSBM/*8Q<G6AR<L6E)
MJ7,GRMRBD[/1N25[:HYY5%"/.^A_1;^U]^W[X0_8-^!GAZUT^[L]2U:ZT+S_
M``_;:E*81?P06Q=-Q"J=T at C"# `#NH(#,B/^(7[6G[9.M?M<?&63Q1K6GVD.
MFK?27UKHC-O at MS+Y;3QF5!'*R2/'GEMR at X5AC-<'\4/C-XH^,^L+?>*-:O=7
MFCSY2RL%A at RJJ?+B4!(]P1<[5&XC)R>:YFOT3Z-'T1>'_"W"K'8FV(S.49*5
M:\K04FTXTK\O+[MH\_*I_'9J,W$^1H4:6'BX4+ZO5O>6M]>FG;;KN;7Q"UO1
M_$?C"\O-!T/_`(1O29MGD:=]L>\^SX10W[UP&;<P9N>F['05BT45_7&$PL,-
M0AAZ;;C!**<I2G*R5ES2DW*3[RDW)O5MMMFDI-N[-GX=6WVSX at Z%#Y/VCS=1
MMT\KRO.\S,BC;L\J;=GIM\J3/38_W3/IOPF\5:RENUGX9\072W4BPP&'3II!
M,[0"X55POS,8")0!R4.[[O-0?#JV^V?$'0H?)^T>;J-NGE>5YWF9D4;=GE3;
ML]-OE29Z;'^Z5UGXD>(O$?AVUT?4->UJ_P!)L-GV:RN+V66WM]BE$V1LQ5=J
MDJ,`8!('%>+C/[0>/:P/(O=AS.?,[:U+-)-7UW3<;]T:1Y.7WK_U8A\5^"M:
M\!ZBEGKFD:IHMW)&)D at OK5[>1D)(#!7 )4E6&>F0?2NSU3X3^$_!7A::ZU?Q
MUI>I>(;62W=O#^C1R7"W$3^470:@%:W255>3.T2H#'C+$X'G%%;8K+<=B514
ML4Z?*[S]G&*]IJO=O-5'"#5U+D:J:IQJ0:UF,XJ_NW[7Z?=;_+R/9]*_:JT'
MX=^(EOO!?PI\%Z5M\J4-K$ESK-Q#/&S,LD4LCIY6,KPB at Y7)8X4+QGQ6_:'\
M:?&[R5\4>(+W5(;?:8[?"0VZLN[#^5&%3?AV&\KNP<9Q at 5Q=%>7EO .0X+%K
M,*>'4ZZ22JU)2K54EII4JRG-::.TM4E>]E;2>*JRCR-Z=EHON5D%;/CJV^RZ
MW OD^3G3[%]OE>5G=:0MNQY47WLYW;3NSNWRY\U\:MGQU;?9=;@7R?)SI]B^
MWRO*SNM(6W8\J+[V<[MIW9W;Y<^:_P!!4_WZG_ at G^=,Q^R_E^IC4445Z!)]G
M?\$YOVE;S4='U;P;KWBVRM[FWMK>W\+1:FBLJL6E0Q at Y1I<,\ 6(R!BHVI@*
M<?>/_!.[]O\`\-_$[P]/X?O(=0T?4M-GQJ=K?!U;0KB0L at MWW(%V%XI3N4\;
M at 71"6Q^(%>P?L=?M16_[,/C*_O+S08=8M-8CBMYYXR$O+-%?+&)B,,I!):,[
M0[)'\R[>?XA^D%]$K*N*L#FF:99!O%5?9U*5*"A34:D;1J-/W8R52-YM2][V
MJ<E)\\H2^DRG/IT)0A/X5=-N[TZ?=MZ']%%<R^K6^C?$^[^TR>6+ZPLX8FVE
ME#B6YP'(R(]Q=54OM#L2J[B"!\M?L@?MT'XMR:%)H^N)X at MO$4C1K8:E=;;N
MWEW1(X<_/(AB:2(,`&3$JD9\Q&/TGXEUO7M)'B">^T70+JQL])6XN+;^V))/
M,C'V at L/+:''S!2.44-C&]\8C_P`1N+^&L1P?FD\ESYJG5DK*,FH2NJD8-6G9
MW4U9Z6Z7ZK]1P-&KC:7M\-%RBMVM5M?\CN*Y_3O^2I:Q_P!@JP_]'7E8_P`/
MK[7KNVOETVQ\/MI]G=RV:VC:O)NL)(I&1XP1;G$9PK(A&55AC"E430MM&\56
M_BJ\U+^S?#[?:[2WMO+_`+5F^3RGF;=G[-SGSL8QQM[YX^"K<29- at ZE?#5L7
M34K6LYQ3OS1=FKZ.R?EV;5F_2AD>85(J<:,K>AU%<W\(+E;GX7:"JB17MK*.
MUE22-HVCEB'E2(58`@JZ,/PHU37_`!)I-]IMO)H^AL^J7!MHBNKRX5A%)+EO
M]&Z;8F'&>2/J(_#.C>*O#VG26_\`9OA^;S+NYN=W]JS+CSIY)=O_`!['IOQG
MOC/'2LWQ1DU/"6J8JFG-QE'WXZQ7/%O?^;3Y,:R+,)2THRTT>GH_R+GB'Q7=
M6.H?8-+TR35=05(I9%,Z6\-M'(Y57D=LG!V2'"*Y^3D#()H7_A&*XU;2KC6F
ML]5OI;B2$,T(CACC:WF#1Q1-+P&7)?/FENXVJIBI>&=5UZ]UG^WV\/\`VBUU
M;3X8##97\<D]E)#)*2DJS"(!LS,K`$E6B(/7CF?B/^UUX3\#6T+ZA<76EZI9
M)/?3:7?J;.=((XF#22%G5%B7S(F9SY at 42(=N2&7Z_(Z<\QQ+P.1\M:HDU)4Y
M*=1.S34E%MPBI*2O:*:U;:LSS<5A:N'BIXF+BGLVFD^NCV>AQOQ;_P""2_P'
M^,NHPWFH^"X[&[226:6?3+F2TDO'E*EFF93F1LC(+9(+-ZFO at V]_9 M?V5_^
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MBENF^/3]1L%N+>XLOLRO)(B+LDE.Y9P<.P`5 at 4Z$<5\1_ at S\,OBW\/\`3KK6
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M&8%0#D$E1_I)X->)$.)N#\1PEFN*5;&X&3E1:ISIQEAZ48Q?(W3 at FHKGLI6D
MXN-XI+3Y',,&Z.(5>$;1EOK?5]]3Q6BBBO4)"BBB@#<^(5K]CU^W3R?(W:9I
M[[?)\K.ZSA;=CR8L[L[MVP[L[O,FSYSX=;GQ"M?L>OVZ>3Y&[3-/?;Y/E9W6
M<+;L>3%G=G=NV'=G=YDV?.?#KGPG\"'HOR'+<****Z!%SPCX"U;X at 6FH7L6K
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M;?%+PKX"_P"$=U__`(1'XX>&[SQI`(+G5=#U_2]>O_$E]<3E[.W-E- (BJVX
M`B>**!T+M%Y;Y\QOY5R/B/B*%2>-YHTZL.:$6X*\6VG)IR35K)ZQN[V;5K-^
M7X<XK.LSQ%:IG-)NA3NI0C&2:DFK-OX>5:KXKZ]+IMT'_!*2\MM0AN$^(EDS
M0$E8YO"L=Q$205R4EG96X)Z at X.".0#6A^R#^SS8_'CXG:5HDNO>#?AKX@\(Z
M[>Z1?W/ACQ!'I7B[59+:RFCEFL85M%/V>21R6.0-D4PV_+701_'[XU_"#P5?
MZCXL\"V7B73=%T[[7>:M]FU'PK':I&4C8ROJ5K%%--,\B".&V&]F#!8SE0.'
ML_#=U8:)X at U#7/ /BKQ%K7BB\_M'5K6Q\!7D5O-*67$<:R0(K1QXW!I6+LV]
MR2[D4H\49MFTZF+S"^-;M'W;.W=22CI'E>D9J*=TUI=GZ-Q1GD,HP,(9)AJD
MY5'9P4).RNKR;DI*#5M&FF]KV5U]5_ML? ?PG^Q7^SEX@^(G at A/$^EZE8Z]I
M^KZG;CQ->W$?B R:A;"X2?[3+* TPQNF1?-(7:6:-I$:W^SU^T!HW[0_P]L=
M9TZ:PAOY;6*>_P!+BU&"\GTMI =J2F)CMW;6*[PK8'S*C!D7Y7^#S^"=5T34
M-<L?"MKX:N++2H]3\V]T-+&:VM99=J7"R^45\IU23$B2!2N07Y*-TC:->6/B
MB/6]&U[7?#NK*B0R3Z?<CR[F-1*%26"57 at D"F:1 at 7C+*3D$5^9<?T,%F[C'V
M'L*L5I)^OPR26UK/F5WM96W_``W-/$"E3Q2H8[#3I/JWNGV<;:IJSO>]FK)K
M?[ HKY1^`O[6_B[Q'^TAHOP[;6-)\:6BF_?6KY-&DAOM,CCC9X?-EB<6Q_>-
M'"66)0" I =J^KJ_%<ZR/$976C1Q%KRCS*U]4VTG9I-7M=72TL]F?24:L:M*
M-:%^62NKIIV]&D_335:K1IA17RC\"[1OVKX+Z]\>>-[CQ:=,EC6^\%C3GT>T
M\/WA=)GM[J#(>\6*2(1H9]R?NI?OL6*]UXF_9(\+ZAOD\.7&O?#FZF\M;B?P
M=?G1_M:1^9M66.,>4^#*QW%-_0;L9!^T_P"(=.G^[Q&(2GV4&X].K<9;?W+=
MFT[GZ!@^`,;7PRQ"G&[V5[Z>JT/:/$'B6Q\(:3)J&HS>1:P,H)"-(\C,P1(T
M10S22.[*BHBLSLRJJLQ /A/P>_:/^)7[1G@^TUC2?"&A> ]/FNL-<Z[-=:A-
M<P>0)$D at MUCM@Z.SQ at 2>?C"OA6XK;\4_LP:/XWT?^R9-:\9QVMU/`]Q'<:W/
MJT5RL4R3*C0W_P!IA*^9'&QQ'N(4J249T;H?A+\+M)^"WPZTOPOH:3KINDQ&
M.(S2>9)(68N[L?[S.S,<`*"V``,`>]E7"F6X7!/ZTE6JN?NW32C'E5]$[-M]
M'S*R6VJ?NY-P`J==K,;2BM59O[MD^]_D9W_")^/M9U.6XU/XCRV$/E)'#;>'
MM"M;2(,"Y=Y#>"\=F;<@&UD4!.A))KFO"_Q'^.G at G2M)TW7O!O@[QO>W$HAF
MU;2]?;38[:,"-?-N(I8"68DNY,"D8! C7"AO6**[I99ETX>SJX:G)?X>5_?!
MQE][UZGU&(X*RBK!05/EMV;O\V[MG(_#_P#:*\1?#WX@:9IWCR*Q\.:MK6IN
MWAK5=$FE;3XV4JT%H]RY61;[(=E/EQI)M'EG?E!]`^---M_%/A6W\5:;;PVQ
M61++7+>&,0PV][)YSQO#&/E6*:*)FVH<))',`D49A4^,>-O!.D_$?PI?:'KE
MC!J6DZE$8KBWE'RN.H((Y5 at 0"&!#*P!!! -5OV??AUX,_9O\1Z996-YXET+0
M=3CN=&>PMO$-U/&8;B*4S-;V=S,]K+<Q#?=0B6)T6>WCE*GRZ^0XBX)P]:/U
MW+FX58I^XE>,DD]$[W5^BM*TO>O:\7\QF7AZ^=O!32 at UM*]T_)V_/H[=F>@U
M[G_P3?&/VY/AW_U_-V_Z=Y/\_P"-?!WQ"\1?M3_#*\\6V\WPM\.Z]INFZN=.
MTGQ'IR3FWNK9+PP?V at -/266]N+:>/9-$T2C]TZRCS4(-?1W_``2#^&5WX at _;
M_P#@?XXN?B=XZ\4!X5FC at 9X=/TC44FL)B)6LHH(^OF[UWDNI" LVP5];X8^%
M>99O6EF6#KT94\+*%6?+4C)VA[S7+&[3Z6ERM/IM?X+^Q\5A*L/K,7&[35T]
M?3NO,_4+_ at G=_P`GS_M'?]@KPC_Z+U2OLZOC'_ at G=_R?/^T=_P!@KPC_`.B]
M4K[.K^E*?PH]F6["BBBJ)"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`H
MHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`^ /^"D'A;4O&O[./B+3-'U&QTG4;K3]'\FZO+%KV
M&+:;-FW1++$S952!B1<$@\XVG\G/$/Q%D^#^K7&F_$YO#/@>^+AM/E?6Q)8:
MO!L0F2">:*#<R.61XMN]-J,1LEB9_P!A/VS/^26ZI_V#]+_]`MJ^.:_(>(/I
M"9[X><20PF&A&OA*E)3E2E:/ON4X\\9J+DG:,4T[Q:6R>I]MD_".&S?+W4E)
MPJ*5E+?2T79JZ75]G^1\@^&_CMX'\9:U#INC^,O"NK:C<[O)M;/5K>>:7:I9
MMJ*Y8X4$G X`)[5N>)/$^F^#=%FU+6-0L=)TZVV^==7DZP0Q;F"KN=B%&6(`
MR>20.]?0WC_X8^&_BOH\>G>*?#VA^)=/AF%S':ZK817D,<H5E$@216 8*S#<
M!G#$=S7(?"K]C?X5_!'Q'/K'A7P%X9TC5IKV:_6^CLU>YMI)EV2+!(^6 at B*D
MJ(HBL:AF`4!CGZ+#?3PH?59O$90_:Z\JC63CY7;@FO.R83\+:O.E#$+EZMQ=
M_DKV_$^;Q\9)/BYXYT'PS\+M0L?$E]=ZA$FLZC8Z:^M6&A6<D-R1//)'/! A
M\R!1L:X$A7<4CD;:K>IV_P"P3)XX%PGQ&\?:YXFTV>9R^B:+"/#^E3P-;^3Y
M,OEO)>2 LTDA!N at C$J"FU<'Z(K-\:>)?^$,\':MK']GZGJW]DV<UY]ATZ#S[
MR\\M"_E0QY&^5L;57(RQ`R,U^ ^(GTI.-.*L2Z67598*A)*/LZ<M6]4VZG+&
M6M]ERK1:7U/JLHX%RW PYL0E5DM;M:6[<MVOON8WP^^#/@[X07UPOA/PIX9\
M+_VE&#=#2-, at L?M6P_)O$07?MWOC(.-[8(R=W5U^7O[7W_!7+X@>(+O4KCX;
MQZQ\/;+PW?P:5-#JUA ;^6>1;@SB[BFAEBA9'MMB1B5)!LE8B7<RVW)^+O\`
M at H7J'[96O^)-%^)%N;?PA;V)O]%\&Z)>R6Z:_=K.4M;.XD2,W-S,[SQ$>4T<
M8:U$A at X)73+OHS\9YM'"XW,90HTIPC*=2I)R=.,FY0YK)\TI0=U&,G9*TW!Z
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MJ@*JJ %5550``!5KXE>"H_A)XKCT:QU"Q\0PS6\%TEY9MA"LB\&106",0 PP
MQ#(RMD;L4_PEX=L]?BUS5;B\U.S7PSI3W]I=V.1Y=\TD26B,X5L;W)QC!^7.
M0 3618P^1:I^[CA9@"ZH, -CFOZ'R_#UL9Q+/!Y14C0P^!A&FN2$9)J44^5-
MWC%P>EDKVNGU//E3IX?+XRK0O*J[Q=VN51;3T6ZD^KVY=.IL_#/2I[OQ#-Y[
M-=,NFZA+Y20"1%VV4YSCR9C\N-VXJ-NT-YD.WSDM^";1;>RF9 JJS!0JK@#'
M/]:;\/;7[9K]PGD^?MTS4'V^3YN-MG,V['DRXVXW;M at VXW>9#CSDO>'(O*T>
M'Y=I;+'C&>3 at _EBOZE\$LCHQXD=2-VZ5-RO)RD[M\C]YMO5/;;3;1'RV95'[
M"W=EZBBBOZ]/G at HHHH V?AU;?;/B#H4/D_:/-U&W3RO*\[S,R*-NSRIMV>FW
MRI,]-C_=.-6S\.K;[9\0="A\G[1YNHVZ>5Y7G>9F11MV>5-NSTV^5)GIL?[I
MQJ\^G_OU3_!#\ZA7V5\_T"BBBO0)"BBB@ K9\=6WV76X%\GR<Z?8OM\KRL[K
M2%MV/*B^]G.[:=V=V^7/FOC5L^.K;[+K<"^3Y.=/L7V^5Y6=UI"V['E1?>SG
M=M.[.[?+GS7\^I_OU/\`P3_.F5]E_+]3&HHHKT"0HHHH`_6;_ at W^^$T/BKX`
M>++_`%!=6L98]9=M-N+>9[9MLD"1--&PQNPT3H#DKD."#C ^Y/B3X8N+KP]X
MPFU36+R\N+?0#*D%K.]G:PG;<\B%)B6#;1GS0P)4X8C*)^;G_!!/XU>"]%T+
MQWX0\76&CNRSQ:Q:7%W&+J1PRB%T2'RV8*NQ"S at XRZ @$C/Z3Z;X0\$3?%"X
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M<K3UY7U=];7UM=ME?XB6FI6^H>&FU[4([O3_`.U&!31]/N[>Z#?8[G!5HII)
M"/4*!P>3@$$NK[PEI\0DN[OQM8P;U1I[NXUJWAC+,%&Z1R$49(&6('/6MV]^
M&MUJ-S9S3>*_$3R6$QG@/EV0V.8WC)XM^?ED<8.1SGJ :I^!9O%WB'P1H^H/
MK>@[[ZQ at N&\S1I&?+QJQR5N54GGDA5'H!TKJIYGAYX&E4EC>54K0DJ4ZE"+<
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M at .<;=R[-Z at A1Y8,83E6X_P#9Z_:>\83Z[!X6^*VFZQJ O+"XNM7DM(3<Z-,J
MW$L,$<,\LA=)B/*FV at JP7!."-H^FKKX/:=X8^'/PVDO/`>H7%GK&GQZI>7D.
ME-+Y]O+ \3-YH^=V\Z9)`B$NJ('"A0A.3J,4)U[3==A\&Z?JEIKD/E:;I^JW
MIN=4U9Y%@?[02PF58XXTP [J$!<DKO"G^J(>+D'F.:X7,<N=2EB).6'C+V5"
M>%5-5%3I0FZB34H6K<SIQ:BH5I3</>7P=7AV$Z%&=*HE**2FUS34V[7E91TL
MWRVN[N\4D]'T7P^B\7>*=8EFL_[4\,Z'8LZ1V^NQ_;)+LG&W`8).H&2Q+3,-
MQ"KE5('C?CW]M'0/A!)IOQ$\?ZAI-GIMM ]M90V4,?VM[O;L"RJ#+.(SYLVT
M*22(C(8P`:Y_]L/]I_PS\%O M[-K7A*S\!W6EW!21K)H_M=Z6BD3[+&$C3?Y
MBOG[VPJ"Q.S+#\I?C7^W#X\^.>@7&CZE/I>GZ+>1QQW%A8686.<I()%<O(7E
M#;@OW7 PHXY.?Z"^C7]%7B3Q35;,\\C&CE=5PISC'DA+V,HR57V5>F\1[6I4
MC*,N9R:7POE4TU\[Q!Q!@LJG"G at ES587?,[OWDU:\9*-E%IJUO/6Q^D7PX_X
M*Y^&?'WP^^)/C::SU#0/!W@<QO80WZ6\FHWFM:I]L\B"V*9*20^3<74<H((\
MIE9D`62OC'Q?^W1X=\<:_=>'O"'PWT6VMO&&HV\>H7M_9127&H[FR7>WBAE#
M3+,Y9&87'(SY3EMH\M_:2_XMK\+/AK\,U_?2Z5I__";ZE.?F5KW7K.PN8XX6
MX_<IIL&E`JR!EN3>8>2/RB/-OAU;?;/B#H4/D_:/-U&W3RO*\[S,R*-NSRIM
MV>FWRI,]-C_=/^DOA3]%W at +*,'B^(\OH3]G6UH0=6;C&C1TH5&U).LZLHRQ2
ME4NXJO&%G[*,G^>YAGV+K35.HU?[3LMWNO*WPV7;S*>C>)-1\.?:O[/O[VP^
MWVSV=S]GG:+[1 ^-\3[2-R- at 94Y!P,BD\?>+=:^(Y:XUS5=4UR\6#R8YKZ[>
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MW5TB27"*T91IL9"()4?8EPXQL!K]2M,T^/2=-M[6)IVBM8EB1IIGGD(4``M(
MY+NW'+,2Q/))/-?R'XD>.6=9'G6(R^A3IU*2;CRSA+96O=\RYE+5;6:NUI9G
MZ+D?!]#&X6%:<W%M7NFGUDK6MHU:^_5=;V\D^ G[0_A_P5^R[X;O/'/CRQDU
MBR at N+?4I-486NH)<V^TS6CPM^]DG@#I&>&>3Y'QF4%O _P!H?]N+PA\8K?PM
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M[;\F![7PU>PWFDR:I9?8UMKM)Y75+BWNU at B,TD;1?=5;@2&,C#! F?FS77P>
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M?\2VTVF/)H^A1:M>2W,BXACB1XIGBD=P`LL,+RAB% 0.9$X27XC^*M6\+Z9%
M<^(M4U;2]"ECEM=,U"=[RSM6B&V/;!+NB*JA(VE=NTE<$$BMLCR5Y1F&,R6.
M'J7HP551C&%)*#O9IM34M(WE&";A?6Z3M]%2S;%4Z2KQJ*TVT[^\[JWS6^E]
M&=]X\O/#_P`5?BC\4O%6 at V>K_P!BZU$=2ACU6UC:YMWGO+1Y7S''*L:^;)(J
M,)(CL95,K%C%+QFIZMK>M>%[+1+K59KC3-+G::U29WFQF-(U0JS;=J*A" #C
MS']<5]M_#;_ at EQHVCZIK%YXE\4WFO1WS)(;6PTR#3+=1]H661-H$AB5F55!M
MS RH70-M<K7J&L?L4?"G7/#UGI<W@?18;>P*&*2U1K6Z.Q2HWSQ%99.#D[W.
MXX8Y(!KSY^*?!M&CAJ53+I5I0DYN:FX-2:2=G92>JNE[MK*V[.Q\$8[%U'6K
M.,6G=)J]G\KI:/S/F#]AG]KWX=_LR^'8M-\1>#IK'6KB4QW/BFPB2[>=)9LL
M)@0LD,,:K!^[B\P,4+! _#?;/AW]I[P#XEUHZ7'XFT_3]8%TED-+U8/I>H/,
MZHR*MM<K',V\2)M(0AMV`2<BO ]/_P""67P]M+NW:?6/&E];PN&DMI[Z`1W"
MA at 2CE(5?:V,$JP;!."*\[_:O_9@\<7OC5/ ?P]@\5:QX9UC0HKRSTV?Q6PM-
M/-G/'%+$L5Q-M:$++:ML;YA(R%'"H\9_&>+.#>"^)\WG6R>IB:=2JN:T^6:Y
MMY+67,UU5FK)-*.R7FX[@G&TZ;KU;7O;1M[^5OU/#?VK/$_C3QG\9=>?Q^+6
MZ\3:#)+I:Q1VODVL,"2R21K"I4.T1$NY'DR[HRDL00:^KO@!X7\#_LX_`?QE
MXL\`^(K?7M5U#0)-5DM+C4(KN**:RMFE,86.*"0*C7,8D#HCCS(\K&6Q7SO^
MV+X-A\#^(O"^CP?#/6/A[?Z9IL4-_JE]XCN-='B0+;6 at C19)(HX0UNN8W^S+
MY:L^U0%5,\#\'O#/@_4O'5^_C61+?2[>S>]A)N_(CF9=JM&54>8[G=O4(P.4
M/#;B!^[<5<,^TX"P>)HTI4:>%M"I"G"/)4=]9V335Y)+WMG*RO=LX</G2R)U
M:U6DYRBM%%>\GM:*[N^Q]D_MF_L[_$RS_:-\#^#9/&=OXVT[4OLM_=Z8MYIN
MEQS/+J4N1_9C--<2V<$,,#&2:*[1!%/(Q*K(J]C^RIX-\??!']F^'0KKX2?$
MR^E\%M>0ZC(EKI\+33"1YY1:Q/>"6ZC'F%8Y(583;?DR3M'C?@+1OAC\2?&5
MC:FSTO5-8U+4(KYUU:!WU747E9+OSF^TH]Q.LBN'W%9%D1B,.I*GZ%_9Y_;L
MU7]FK3;S1_B##XF\5^#Q>R75KXE^W_VGJ&B6\A at S%=1.HGE at C=KF3SEDGE6,
M*FPA01^3RSC*\QI4\HQ-#ZNH2DXWBH.3=OB>[>MDO75L\'(_$Z+S"4*ZG1K2
MO%>UTNDU9:O1M[+RLGT.Y\,^([/QCX;T_5]-F^T:?JEM'>6LNQD\V*10Z-M8
M!AE2#@@$=P*X?6_VN/AQHN=OBO3]4\NWENY?['235OLT,6W?++]E63RD&]?F
M?:#S at G!QQ?BSQ+\-?^$[\11^"=/^&>@>`=*\*2^.=.N/%&HZOK7A[Q+#<3+&
M%32(IX[6R6*^:>%H7CDF6;RO*MMRX7F?`OP_\8^!/AG?:]:ZE_PCOPQU+7=0
MM(M7$.J>*6\(6,$%VP:*QDM(+J."WD at 2T=[IL+) 7\GRY-S>#B^&:&$4YU:C
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MJJ `H ```%?SGQQXD8*=#ZGP[.:<FU*;4;..JM!N*FF]-4HM:KJ[?:9;E^+K
M-5,RC%6VBF]]/B5VG;735?<=,FBV;_"/26L+2UT^/PKY&@B"")8HA:F-S:*B
MJ/\`EFD,L6.%6..W51A3CC?^";7[,.H?#7_ at HMH?B;3=>T-=`U[Q3=ZS>Z;_
M`&"4O9;B:!XV/VF.Y$(PRIR+;<RI\Y:5GF;O/A/_`,3#Q5_8K<Q^)(6TK:>%
M,LF#;ECU"K<K`[%>=J$88$J>F_8<;=^U'X+YW?\`$S<=<]I/<_Y[#H/EO!_B
MO-<ESZ-'+JSA]8JTJ=32+YJ56;4XWDFU=IZQLTK68<19?A\1A9QK1O[.,I1U
M:LTM-K;.^CT/HK_ at G=_R?/\`M'?]@KPC_P"B]4K[.KXQ_P""=W_)\_[1W_8*
M\(_^B]4K[.K_`$'I_"C\1ENPHHHJB0HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB
M@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** /B']LS_DENJ?]@_2_P#T"VKXYKZD_P""
MD7Q4T7X*_LYZ]XD\174EGI%C9Z)%-*EM-<N&F>RAC"QPH\C,TDB*`JGDCH,D
M?EMX`_X*W_#3Q3XX;0=?L_$'P\F%G!>K<>*4M[.WF$TT$*(K)+(2VZ8ELJ B
MPRLY0(^W^1O''A/-\SSR&*P%!SA"C%-JV_/4T2;3;5U>R=KJ^Z/T[@_/,!A<
M/]5Q%6,:DI-J+>K24;NW;S/J6BH5>X.-T<(Z9Q(>.F?X?][\AZ\"O<'&Z.$=
M,XD/'3/\/^]^0]>/YN^IU.\?_ H_YGZ-[:/G]S_R)J*A5[@XW1PCIG$AXZ9_
MA_WOR'KP*]P<;HX1TSB0\=,_P_[WY#UX/J=3O'_P*/\`F'MH^?W/_(_+_P#X
M+$?#/6_!_C#4I)=!\,Z/X%\3:G8WVG2:-I\=M+JM^D%X;J74)$@WR70>9RF^
M=4,<I*1ROY[P_$<]Y9Z=J.FW&H:>-6L8+Z&2XL?.>$WL8;+Q!UY0NN5W#D9R
M.<5^B_\`P6V^$/AW2_".E^,IO#NC:;K&LZU86<NN6?[[4;]XK+42D$D;"-4B
MW"W4S*[NR!=R$6\2/\%75AX:3SO)U;7)-OF>5OTF)-^//V;L7)VYVVN<9V^=
M-C=Y2^=_L)]%[ZOG/AE_9TH*$Y)PG4C&[EJTG)QE*\HZI-R3O[W+%OE/YWXR
MC*AG,YK:]TGTV?5+3RM;I=[B?M#?M!77QE^*5_XBU#1=)TFYN(HX(H; ',T:
M-)L>:0\R2JA5"^%R(T 50*YBVUJRE\6Q`QW^J:#&RNZ&V^RS7B@`^6VV5A&K
MLIC+AR54EL$C;6WJWA_PCJ-[)Y>L:Y-):[S&K:3"GF#]^8P_^D-C=LML at 9V^
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M@^WR?-QMLYFW8\F7&W&[=L&W&[S(<><FMIRE-/@5 at 598U!!'3BIO`^B^&KG7
M[Y(=0UR[V:9J;Q*^AQ-NV6=\R,P#S[?N6K%@G[OS)F$D?D+,^S<V/A]?.\G5
M-9DV[_*WZ9&N_'G;-V+@[<[;?.,[?-EQN\I?-_I'P0KTHXW&UI<VD*2TA-[N
MH^D7_*?-YHGRQ7K^AC45LW-CX?7SO)U369-N_P`K?ID:[\>=LW8N#MSMM\XS
MM\V7&[RE\TN;'P^OG>3JFLR;=_E;],C7?CSMF[%P=N=MOG&=OFRXW>4OF_T3
M_:='M/\`\%U/_D3Q^1_TT8U%;-S8^'U\[R=4UF3;O\K?ID:[\>=LW8N#MSMM
M\XSM\V7&[RE\TN;'P^OG>3JFLR;=_E;],C7?CSMF[%P=N=MOG&=OFRXW>4OF
MG]IT>T__``74_P#D0Y'_`$T'PZMOMGQ!T*'R?M'FZC;IY7E>=YF9%&W9Y4V[
M/3;Y4F>FQ_NG&KN/AEHOA>_^*. at 6\VIZ_):S:K!&VS08;B1T,L@&(?-E#L0+
M?Y-D at S+*-LGEJ)L"VL?#[>3YVJ:S'NV>;LTR-MF?)W[<W W8W7&,XW>5%G;Y
MK>5YM+-:']H58\L_ at I_\NZG\U3KRVZ?+KNC1TWR+;=]5Y&-16S;6/A]O)\[5
M-9CW;/-V:9&VS/D[]N;@;L;KC&<;O*BSM\UO*+:Q\/MY/G:IK,>[9YNS3(VV
M9\G?MS<#=C=<8SC=Y46=OFMY7I?VG1[3_P#!=3_Y$SY'_31C45LVUCX?;R?.
MU368]VSS=FF1MLSY._;FX&[&ZXQG&[RHL[?-;RBVL?#[>3YVJ:S'NV>;LTR-
MMF?)W[<W`W8W7&,XW>5%G;YK>4?VG1[3_P#!=3_Y$.1_TT8U;/CJV^RZW OD
M^3G3[%]OE>5G=:0MNQY47WLYW;3NSNWRY\URVL?#[>3YVJ:S'NV>;LTR-MF?
M)W[<W W8W7&,XW>5%G;YK>5L^,=)\/V^MV:S7VLVN[3].>54T:-=NZTLV=E!
M>'=]^X(8K\_EQ,7?SFE7SZF9T?KU/2?P3_Y=U.]/^Z7R/E?RZKS.-HK9MK'P
M^WD^=JFLQ[MGF[-,C;9GR=^W-P-V-UQC.-WE19V^:WE%M8^'V\GSM4UF/=L\
MW9ID;;,^3OVYN!NQNN,9QN\J+.WS6\KT/[3H]I_^"ZG_`,B1R/\`IHQJ*V;:
MQ\/MY/G:IK,>[9YNS3(VV9\G?MS<#=C=<8SC=Y46=OFMY1;6/A]O)\[5-9CW
M;/-V:9&VS/D[]N;@;L;KC&<;O*BSM\UO*/[3H]I_^"ZG_P`B'(_Z:%^'7CW4
M?A=XYTKQ#I,GEZAI%RMQ%EF59,'E'VD$HZY5@",JS#O7[C?LK_\`!2OX>_M)
M^%_#=KKVK16NN^);&&*:W9FAA at NXC*\BI(77,L?R,S11HR?NY25C>%A^'%M8
M^'V\GSM4UF/=L\W9ID;;,^3OVYN!NQNN,9QN\J+.WS6\KI= N]+\(Z!X7URU
MU36;+4+'69+B*Z31(9/*EB73G^4LP$FQFG(5I6!V19CA\]FK^1?I6_1AX3\:
M,#A*69RJX?&4'-4:].$U*-X2FHR]QMP]I"$[*SO'Y'UG"O%&,R2K*="TH2MS
M1>SU]=[-KYG]"=IX8@\4_%R\T_7)8_%%MH>EQF'[7;6S+;27$C%Q,H S*5BC
M*E450F01D[GL:A\+O#*?$W2+=?#N at K!)I=](\8L(MCLLMF%8C;@D!F /;<?4
MU^;'[.O[3LGC3X=7?B+3_&,-A=:?&DNHW4,$IET2:Y at 7<HR5>.&&8S'S'#Q>
M2,>;B.0KN>+_`/@H'\3;2[.FZIJTFFZA86[6!EBTX+<VRN;=F*R>=ESF/<&)
M.\(F3B1MO^!G'GT>>+>%LTCAJ^+EAZ=.,Z$HRA*@E45-QE*$(-P?-*:JKX+J
M:EK?GE_8/ O#,^+I5,/DSI5ZD>2H[2E*2A)IQYKPO[J]V?*Y\DO==FTC]!_B
MC\)_#<7A1!:Z'HUC--J-A")X-/@$D8>\A1L90 at Y5B,$$$'!!!(JDOPDMO!_B
M&16\*V?BO2;JW4HXL=-BN+.=6;<"NR%61U9<')(,9XPP-?(?[./_``4/TN+2
M#;_$";6-6U"Q*7<%U/JEU''-)$GFKF(.T9Q+&O! )/S*K$B)?K?]G3]J*T_:
M<\%S:OX=LK9&M<)<6US>,KV\A60JK%8B.JQCU^9S at A4,OXWQ!E'%G#N6.*G]
M9P\7)SJ2G%+W_9QC9QK*O#EG&S=X)N234HS][ISW at 7,,JQ=19KA)T>5QBI*$
MN23]]IJ3 at H24HIM+62LTU&<6DR'Q/X7\(^,_#=_8Z')X72^2>TOIKO23IEO 
MC1>:$DD944R^9"@7#,N/-]5-:TOCGPKXP\=0W7B;3[S7_ASX?6[%]_9>KQP2
M:A<FPDD`CV,KRHD1=6198RS39.Y(G5O!/VSO^"GOP[_9_P!6TZPU2[BO-3LI
MO[6LUTZZG::4PS.AC 6(+B:+=&&=A$3*X#,(RU>8>-/^"L7@?QYX4\7:OX0U
M:*ZAAL7O-=TR]G>U&UT6U+VV^*)I7\E5"HY:-II8U(C)20_N?AU]';Q*QT\M
MXNP_#V(Y)1E"G6KOVE.\JK49-V7Q1J2ITY5+14HI-<W+,_*<WXFRN%.M at 7B8
M[IM05G\*NNVC2;2U:>]KH_5K]JG6/ ^K_#7PAH=G9ZQ?:LVBRS^'4A\17-DM
MG#$]I$XNI8Y'=VPR@;TE+-%*-R$EZ^+X;NQ^$7 at 5M<\673+IGAFU2POI4UF_
MTZ[TR01H\T2J\WDR1A1$Y>-XTV(S`$*HKY)^"G_!<KPMK_C&^U#Q=K.I:)'I
M\#6NG/>Z"+PW22^2[G9:LFQ@\6#N=A@(1DLP3SK_`(+6?\)!JNI^&?$&I^(&
M@\'^)X4,\>B0%A+(9(Q&MS$]R%9EBMIG"#<(Y82I?]X&3]\ROZ-7'>>>(^!X
M-\0HK*:>+IQ_>4X5FJLZ4>:<*,U&FI2=*5GRRO3DXTZBE%*+^;?$6787+9XO
M+;U91D])<ONJ6S:O+:2Z[[JS=SRC_ at J5^V?X+_: U>Z\-^";74)M/L=;^VR:
MA-<F:*8I"\9\MV9FEWM+(S.2`"ORF16#U\\_LO\`PMT_XR_'OPWH.MS7EKX9
M:X:_\1W=HZK<6&C6L;W6I7,>Y6W/#90W$H4([,8PJH[$(W-6UCX?;R?.U368
M]VSS=FF1MLSY._;FX&[&ZXQG&[RHL[?-;RO7/V=[71_AY\&/B3\01?:D+B&S
MM? ]I/'8(TVFW6M1N+F98VF\N:)M+M->MCO(8-/:NH5F+VW^V&7\+Y9X=>'?
M^K'#$JT91C&A2J5%4E/V]>4:%.K.<HWTJ3A*;2<K)N,9SLI?C-;%5,=C7B:]
MM6Y-*R5EJTDO*]NGHCR_XS?%/4/CE\8?%GC;5H;.WU7QAK-YK=[%:(R6\4US
M.\TBQAF9@@9R`&9B!C))YJG\.K;[9\0="A\G[1YNHVZ>5Y7G>9F11MV>5-NS
MTV^5)GIL?[IFT>31],GCECUO7[.22/R9GM]/3<$D2))E!^T+N4I)=+ at X#A(P
M<"9_*T_ACI/A^_\`B#X=AFOM9D\[4;1)8DT:.XSNDMPZJA>7S/O7`"F)]_E1
M`H?-98_U2K4P>!RB6!PE*4*-*ER02A4TC&+BHI<NB222U?X:^>N:53FD]6^Z
M.-HK9MK'P^WD^=JFLQ[MGF[-,C;9GR=^W-P-V-UQC.-WE19V^:WE%M8^'V\G
MSM4UF/=L\W9ID;;,^3OVYN!NQNN,9QN\J+.WS6\KWO[3H]I_^"ZG_P`B8\C_
M`*:/.O$$:Q:Q.%&!D-^)`)_G5.NNU_2O#0U2%I]6UR,S+&TWEZ5%)L_U`?;F
MX7=@&YQG&[RHL[?-;R<VUL/#3^3YVK:Y'N\OS=FDQ/LSY&_;FY&[&ZZQG&[R
M8<[?-;R?XMXNE"CG>+I\K2]I-I<LE9.3:TMIHUITV/IL/K2B_)&'16Y:V'AI
M_)\[5M<CW>7YNS28GV9\C?MS<C=C==8SC=Y,.=OFMY):V'AI_)\[5M<CW>7Y
MNS28GV9\C?MS<C=C==8SC=Y,.=OFMY/SOUJ'9_\`@,O\C;E#XA6OV/7[=/)\
MC=IFGOM\GRL[K.%MV/)BSNSNW;#NSN\R;/G/A(HC4*H"JHP`!TKN?'&B^&K;
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M4&1RJKG)(KZO^+_[`OCSX5_ +Q!=6OQEUS6--\/Z/+(VD3B[M;6>TBC)D@^6
MZ=0ODJP5/+VG`4[02P]!_8R\+2?LK_"Z.WO_``WK&I>*O',[:Q'I]M:VUOJ4
M5E#!:1OYYGFC15BFE;;&9?,Q<JQC1C,D7H^H_#+4/BGXTFU#QS=6]UX?BM8H
M+'PO;;I]-+LD3SSW>\*+N03!UB#H$1(D<()')3_.3Q0\5<YS_BESRE4:>!P\
MIQC/EI5'72DDY>^F]7%J+7*HKF]Z^_T>2Y3F6*FEAKQIO>6MO-:;]M.N[V/-
M?AC_`,$\/AM:_#W3?MTUUXRAN$6XAO?M(M87+1Q[GA:U",T3@*RI)+*$'*[2
M[M)/XO\`V)O at K\,_A_XAUBZ\$F;3].TV:[ND2_NIIO*B`F;RM\WR2'R at -RLI
M(RI;:S ^[^&O#&F^#O!^EZ3I\<EKI^EPI9VT04OY44:1HJ[F.YL*",EB3 at 9Q
MDFK"K#QF23MG$8XZ9[_[WY#UX^-S+B3-\57Y\3BJDUIO4>VGG9;+;JKGZ_AL
MJP,*7+&C%/7[%^_=7?SZ'Y7?'7P#:^!9?"$UK9V\-LN at VT-UJ=FO_$OU"X(<
MY5U159R%9RS,2ZLGRC&3RQ\07&J:/96+:A=76G:7YBV5LURTEO9>8P:01)DK
M'O8!FV@;B 3DU^B'[+'P%\+^%OV at OB%>0W5O>3>%=02ST33'BC4^'(;RW2\G
M>)$(55EDN9(D;8&$=J4#D%@.J_:%_8<\#_M'^(+/5M4;4=%U2W#K/=Z/';0S
MZ@&$2CSW>)S)L6(!,GY02.AX_2."?I%9;PM7HY%G&"56E2;G[=2BZD93C>\8
M2>_*^5M2CHVDFO>E_/-/!U<#? XF?-*#DG+O[SMH]=ONV6BN?ESJ"P26Q6X9
M%B<@'<VW/?K^%5H;6:%4C@^R-9-V(8G:3D]R#P:_27]D#]@>']FOQWJVN:KK
M5CXDNF2.WTR4:3%%);J$_>3;FWR12,9)8]L4 at 1D&6W%U6'G?B9^PU\.==_:?
M^S-I5]HNFZ]X6FG at M=*@2ULHKN">")[F,I.-LJ1S1#RFM_)?.XEF+@?HU3Z4
MG#F.XCGAJ.&<J2 at N2O"<54DK<\H2C))\JUO&[5TWYGI9?AI8JO'"4I*\MK[7
MM]_X'R/\+/BAXN\(_#KQ-H^C>)O$FGZ/;6$5PEM:W<JI:D7L(W(XC=H`QF;=
MLD at 5RP#.YQ%)ST_QL^(?BC6-.M=6\5>,M=-Q=64,&GV&K3QS7+PO'Y?E@!E\
M[*(5D\MV,NUR&;)/V7H?_!+/PG;W>O+=>+O%4VF7T$,=M%':V:W-H \;2$S-
M$^69UX:-82%RA+!V!\W_`&6_ at Y\.;O\`:&^&E_8:-KGC;4)++67UOP'K<VC7
M%W%=01K +=X;F2V0;7DFF!96D9+97$2X<QX\2<>\$8K#5\5D^6MUXJ4H>[2@
MFY0U4O>:37(^1ZQ4W=VW?U4<IS. at XPQ57EA=)ZR=DFE=>7O*ZWMT/6O$WP&\
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MLI1I4\.H[1 at HQCOO=6N[6U=MM$CC]G.G+F4G)]W>YP_C7X8>"_C_`.&K236M
M'T'Q1IUQ:LUC=O&D^R*=5S);S#YH]RA")(F!X4 at Y`-<Y\+/V,?AG\%O&$?B#
MPYX8CL]8 at B>&&YFO;F\:!7P&*":1PC$?+N4!MI9<X8 at _.J_MU6'[+GQ5\3::
MGPY\8^$?`NIW9UC2O#.JZ0^G7^EQ3?9%ED@$DYC6W:1-3E6"-%19`BJX5V$7
MVII.J6>NZ7:WUC=0WEE>1)/;W$#K)%/&P#*Z,#AE(.01P1CUK]$H593P\*K3
M4:BYEU3LVKIK1V::[IK6Q]M at L7A,8_:**YXVOI=I^MCG?B]X0TGQ9X+EDU;0
M[7Q!_8<BZS96L\<K_P"E6_[R(KY4<DN2PVD1QNS*S+L<,4;YS^"?[+%]XH\#
M>';SQ_K%SJ]K)IEA/+X?FTU;=/.5!(1>M*9)9I!)Y>0#$I,1#(P9EKZPU#2;
M/7M/GL;ZWAO+*]C:"XMYX5EBGC8;61E;(92"00001QCFOE'X&_M6:G%X$L]+
M\4^'_'6L^,-.B4ZR7L=+T^>"21BZJULUW&\:A"0C/&AD5%? W\?EWB5@:]:-
M&KAHJ\6[MI)KM9O;U333VZFDLERW'9A3JXO#^UJ05X>XY--/>R3=UHUHTK-Z
M,ZCXK^%OA=^S?X%NO&]U\/\`PZL7A^6"97TW0[07<<C31QQO&2$PRNZG.X$8
MR.<5\K_$3P5X=\*:=9^-/%G at 6Q_X2;Q5XIF:YM[W6W6UL3<7-Q-&973=$\:(
M$#?)@C)(ZBO:Y?"Z^(I;7Q%\1?%%]J]]II6_\CRE at T7173<Q>"#S%5O+6:91
M-/ND(BC.Y-Q"8'C^Z\/_`!PE3PC;WEY<:3)Y%YJ]Y'IKRVYC1[*=;>.42(A:
M6.5V#JY(6-?E!DS'\5 at 8/ TG4KS;_FE=Z+LM5UUZ7=EZ_0<02P>391B,US*4
M:3C!^SC*$96F]4[25G-M)))M)<S;?V9O#W[0WQG^"/P+CT_3_&?_``C.EZ3_
M`*/H>F,;&^EL?M!MXK:VN;^^C\L6L$I<#A?+C<@S.B(%_3[P7_;'_"':3_PD
M7]F_\)!]CA_M/^SM_P!C^U;!YOD^9\_E;]VW=\VW&><U^:VN>&]/T^QT>^TO
M5+[0K[PG,FI:7-;:#;:@MC-%#L1EMI=Z2>7YDK(JJ&W11%2C'*>I_ W_`(+ 
MRWMCI\?CCP__`&A-=7/D7]QX:T^56\/,8X ([NR>66?"S"^#2H22D$16)FDV
MK^ \;<%YAGM%8C)\-3<HRG*IR*$)OFM;MS+1OXI2;;5MN;\K\%N/JF94L3/-
M\1*=7F5HI+DA"UDHJ+:6M[V6BM=VU/NBO=?V>2M_^V3X#U:-O-CU^6+4&FW9
M\^X:-TNVQ_#_`*6EP-N !M^4!-M?'6A?MG_"OQ+X.7Q!9_$;P#_9+>0#/<:]
M!;^0\Z220QS+(0T,KK$Y\N0*XV2_+F,U]'_L'_M!>#_&WQI^&]A9^*/#^J:E
M:>+HM.M4L;];^62/4-.O]1MT;R]WDQ^1IUQ/'O(23SY"N#@2?F7"/#.98?B'
M`8BK2E'DQ%%23Z)S3;:WNFHKR4G=:W7[-G68X>6$J.,D[PFOO6EO5GTO_P`$
M[O\`D^?]H[_L%>$?_1>J5]G5\8_\$[O^3Y_VCO\`L%>$?_1>J5]G5_HA3^%'
MX?+=A1115$A1110`4444`%%%% !1110`4444`%%%% !1110`4444`%%%% !1
M110`4444`?"?[=WB?3?"WP8U9M<U"QT?P[J]GH^A:UJ-Y.MO#IVG7_V2QO+D
MRN0D9BM[B60.^41D#,&4%3^"MW^RIJFF_L_^)_%7BOPWXBF^)6J2W^GZ;IVH
M)>QW/A.SO\:=LELK?SOFAMY&GE00&7.Y&&]-U?L5_P`%XO%>E>!O^"=/Q UC
M6O#4/C#3=.M/#<\ND37'D1WA%[INP,VULJK[6*E6#A=I!#$5\<_M2_'+1=.U
M/3_&EO\`:-77XE#1-3TNTM3'#-J=YK<%M<I#;K</$ -]TS!9&#)$A+$E6->'
MEF68>EGTLQKM+VE"<5)I6A[&<6Y)M6O;$:_R\JOI(]?*,HPM;%O&U;.<(\L=
M+N-W=R7K9)6[/NCK/V39M!?]F+X?P^&?$%KXIT'3] L["TU:",Q+?+!"L)<Q
MDDQMNC(:-CNC8,K?,IKL-+\::/KGB/5-'LM6TV\U;0_*_M*Q at NDDN=/\U2\7
MG1@[H]Z at LNX#<!D9%?C;^TC\.?B#JGC^Y^'?CB36OAIX;M87\::9X<O=<7Q#
M;6WG'R;FY>Z\[<6>9)Y ')V&:<@+YC&3'7]LQM,T3P?K'@WP?X-^'_Q$TN^G
MU!M;T&PLMGV5HI[41"%ED96<2R!DFZ"..09$J;/P/*/HR/B.>(JY=FD:E6HY
M2HI0YHU+R?*Y5(NR37Q-0M&[:NHV?W>(XXE at E3A5P[4-F[V>BL[1>OIS--KM
M>Z_;RO-?BM^UU\/OA#\"YOB-?>)--U+PN28K*XTJXCO/[7GRRBWM=C;992R.
MN V%V.6*JCLOY Z_^WW\<?%WA+2=%O/BEXD72H8([BRFTZ]M[>_*QF2W`N;B
MW N2Y*LVR=MSC9*P;<CGR.TTFVL3F*%%;.0W5A^)YK[;P]^@[F><)8O-<PIQ
MH*I;]U>;E&,I1FDVHI-V5GJEV?3S\R\3J=/W,-1=[?:TLVE;17NONOY'MG[6
M'QZF_:T^(WQ ^(4-G=6FF?;])MM.M=3ND,^G6*QW$"I&6C(#RR;IVMH9 at 06E
M?9.L3S0^-UJPV-NOP\U*^FCC5K?4[*)9VB'R;HKP[?,\D[<[2=OG)NVY\N79
MOARJ_P!(O#OA6EPU at 99#A)+V%#EC2BOB4%".LW=MRE*[;>FFFA^1YAC)XJJ\
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MP%JE_P#:Y;?6])FBLM+A;8&ABGM9/D5$",H:)T9R5#[G8RU\_P`09[+*:'UR
MI0G4HQ4I3<+2E!15[\EU*2M>_)S332M!IMQUHTO:/E3L^E^OS_S/&*V?'5M]
MEUN!?)\G.GV+[?*\K.ZTA;=CRHOO9SNVG=G=OESYKT_$FC?\(YXBO]/^U65_
M]@N9+?[39R^;;W&QBN^-\#<C8RIP,@@U<\=6WV76X%\GR<Z?8OM\KRL[K2%M
MV/*B^]G.[:=V=V^7/FOV*K&KBJ-2&JE";7HW3:)VBT^_^9C4445ZA 5>U;PQ
MJ6 at 6&EW5]I]]96NMVS7NG33P-''?P+-+`9868 21B:":,LN0'AD7.58"C7VI
M^V=X8TWQMX:^)7P[M]/L=.\0?LFVVE6375M L-M>P0+IGA_7XD<`N\;^(&BU
M"T7;""-2UB>8"XN!'7S^;9Y]2Q>'PSC=5&[OLN:$%9=6ZE2"\H\SZ&M.GS1;
M[?\`#_DF?%=;-];;?A]I<WD[?,U&\3S?*QOQ':G;O\H;L;L[?-?;NSLCW;I<
M:MF^MMOP^TN;R=OF:C>)YOE8WXCM3MW^4-V-V=OFOMW9V1[MTOH8S^-0_P`;
M_P#3<R([/^NJ/3?V8/VN=>^#FMZ'HMYJ$,W at V/4HY)H;N%Y?[,1Y4,TT#1D2
MJP3S/D!*-YDF48N<_17C;6-'T"TM;+5+^#_A$O$=R/\`A%O$4"6]QIVC3![@
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MRS2:.TUK5;J^@28!9%269W4,`2 P##."1GN:@\,6WGZ)XB;R?,\G3T?=Y6_R
MO]+MUW9\I]G7&[=%][;O.[RI/0/CM^S1K'AKXE2?\(OX?UK4_#6O2"XT.2TM
M'N R.C2_9<HTA,L(25&5FWD0LY !S7IO[/W[,=OH_P`,+Z3Q5X%NM4\4:XTG
MV:PO_/2:SLXI(,2K!#MEC:20RC>[)E(<#Y7(D_WBXJ\<>"N&N!L+Q)[?VF%<
M:#IPIN,JTHMQ<4H.4?>2B^9-JS33U3/\6N'^`,\SGB#_`%=P]+EQ/-.,E-J$
M8.%^=SD](J-G=OT5VTG\LU]H_%']M?Q+XU_91^'^C^-O!=E?31:M'>1ZKK^B
MWC:*(Y.5DRNPB1A$LIC at 62-XY9NOF-"GCVJ?&:W_`&5/VF?%3^!]!T)K739C
MIL4>JV37!M9X5$,\L$AE::,/()\#S2"D@# D+MZ#P)_P4D^)DGC:/[5:Z?XD
MCO[^,P:9':M"\89F7R(#"0S%@^U?-$Q!5#@L#GS/$7)<RXOCEN>8?):=:GA5
M'$T95<3["O&52FU*$>6G.-.48R]]RJ.$G%6;LK^)@ZE/"RJT'6:YKQ?+&\79
MW3U<6TVETNEK:^AD_M.?#K1O&L&M^+/!\/A^VC\(R0Z=XCM=(V+8R&1REMJ-
MML=X_*G7:K0JV^%U(8.2TE8_Q;_XM_\`LD_"?P[;?\SM_:/CS4;B+]U]I_TR
M?1[2UF4?ZW[+_9E[-'(Q^7^U[A%1/G>7VCX^_"_X2Z]XKU.'0QXP\.^)M4TR
M-X/#6E:)?6(UU8G,K1_9FL\('$"@2 F-73S&0F-M_0_M_P#_``3V\7>*_P!I
M_P`5/X?_`.$:@TWPY:V?AO3-/6_N)+B>WTFP at TV%BSPA(WF6R#A7D(5G*^8^
MTR'X;A?Q5RA8C)<HSNK5P].'ML3%XFFZ;<:-*G15)\S_`'D55Q4ZU.NKPA##
MQA*\U[1=DLGQ-3VLL-#G=E?D]ZRUDY.U[6BDI)[7=[;'PI6S\.K;[9\0="A\
MG[1YNHVZ>5Y7G>9F11MV>5-NSTV^5)GIL?[IN^)/@OXN\(V-_>:AX;UJWT_2
M[F2TN;[[([V<4L<QA=?/4&,XE!3(8 at MP#5+X=6WVSX at Z%#Y/VCS=1MT\KRO.
M\S,BC;L\J;=GIM\J3/38_P!T_P!98G,,+C,NKU<'5C4BHR5XR4E?EO:Z;5[-
M:>9\S&,HS2DK&-1117N&9SWC"-A?1/CY63:#[@G/\Q616YXS_P"7;_ at 7]*PZ
M_CSQ*HQI<2XJ,>\7_P"!0BW^+/HL%*]&(4445\,=1N?$*U^QZ_;IY/D;M,T]
M]OD^5G=9PMNQY,6=V=V[8=V=WF39\Y\.MSXA6OV/7[=/)\C=IFGOM\GRL[K.
M%MV/)BSNSNW;#NSN\R;/G/AUSX3^!#T7Y#EN-EE6")G8X5 6)] *^V/@7^RS
MX=_9T_8FM?BQXHT;PCX@\;>.YM-M/#^E^*K**^TRQM;N\A6,16PE`FG>U+7)
M8,'15V80)+O^(=3,:V;-,LTD"E3*D3^6[H"-RJVUMI*Y&2I SD at BOOKQ-KWB
M7X@>)=/U3Q1XLUCQ-<:3;7%K9K=6ME ENL[0M*0+>WB+$FWB^\3C!QC)K^4?
MI-\98C+WALJ at W&$XN;M]MIV47OHFDW=6>F]M/(SKBC#Y+AG4J)NI-24.UU:]
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M^/\`3?V8/C=X at U7Q1<:M;^&_B1?Z?';:I)<P_P!DZ5>):O"8I(B_F1LZVZ,U
MP%*$-&K>6(2[^HVWQ\\"WEWIEO#XT\)S7&M;?[.C35[=GO\`=(T0\H!\R9D1
MD&W.64KU!%>E? +]C+PO\%KNTU[4/,\8_$!8=EUXIU<>==ER9BXM48LEE"?/
ME416X4;"%8N1N/*>-O@;X?TO]L&SL;3PSX;NO#OQ0\-:A=>+])NK&V%G?3Z=
M>VLMM?&+[.QGN3-J4BOYCJ&4J^2T*A_SBGF.2<39^L'A^>+E%VGI:3A%[0>L
M5RQNFY7E:SC!L^5XHX%?+4S3GY6W=QWM=I;Z=7JM4NC9=KS;Q_\`\G(>#O\`
ML6M;_P#2K2*ZW4_V./$'PE\F3X4^)MND0^7'_P`(GXJN)KW3DB7[-'MM;WY[
MJUVQ12D*_P!HBW2<1H*Y/X7_``VOOVH_CG;2>,O!/BOPM9^!=)OM*U<1^)%M
M?(U6Y&D7<<$<VGW8FFC%N6;<RK&=R9 <;5]*.0U.&\6LSQ<E+#P4[RC92UA)
M)<LI1]YMI63:OU/E>%\IQ,,XH\D>;5Z]-GOH[?<=1 ,Q3<9PF>G3YE]C_3Z]
MC\'_`+<6EV^F?$3PO\:_`>I0S6^I:@D(U*W19TAU6PE803J)"RR*PMV7Y8_+
M(MMV6$N3^D'B/]@WX>ZSX?N](;_A,$L]:"6UZLGB[5+KS[=9$FDA`GN'"K*(
MO*=D`D,4DJAEW%A at V_\`P2W^$MMI>K:>--U&;2[K2)M'TBRN[E;R'PHDQ9YI
M[ 3*Y2Y>5A)Y\IED5D54*QC97U'"WC9D&38VCF$H59*S4H.$4ITY-PG%M3=F
MTW;LDWO9/]>S?(\5CJ,\/:*ZIW=U)6:>VUKI^JV5V=%^QW^U;H/[5WPFL=4T
M_5--NO$6GV=JGB.QMHI8?[,OI(%>1!'+\_E;_,"."R-Y; .Q5L>L5^.?_!,O
M]M^Q_9!^(5Y_;UJ+KPGXNAM+;5KV$-)=:3)!YICG"C/F1CSY!(@&_&&7)4QO
M^QE?M7'/"T\CS)T(I^QFE*G)V]Z+2>ZT;3=G;JMEL?D^&K>TA?KU/E?_`(*H
M?L5_\-+_``<D\2>';2W3Q]X/@>YM94MI);G5K-$=Y-/ CR69F.^(%'Q(-J[!
M*[5^7?PY\;?$?P9X%>/P9?>.M-T_7F2%ETE;F.VN+AI(D!C*+M65I(HX]T>'
M;_5YVLP/[D?$+XR^#_A']C_X2OQ7X;\,?VAO^R_VMJ<-E]IV;=^SS&7=MWKG
M&<;AGJ*^/?C9JOPG_:Q\,7"_"_X>W5QJ>N:GIVH2_$'2_#MMHSV;?VFCW<L5
MW<B*YDN%CAG)>&.7YG4,<L0/H^ <_P`W4/['P]#V].;5DXRG[--^]*%FE%]Y
M:Z*S31ABX2BU5ISY&M_-=MU^OH>#_ K]N7XK? CQ)H_P[\;^&WUN_P#,-M&^
MJRWD>J3R2W959C.%N3=0@^8B^3$Q8*@4MC:W!W7[=6LZSX]UGQ%JFBMJ=YJF
M+>&.34XXX["TCGN)8+=!':J6V"X92[EF<C/'0=3^U7^TMI/[1?QP\,>%]'TG
M2M5T?PWXB@,&LQJ;N74G/E*\<*_9Y1Y.\NK 1W"S&*)@CJ K_,E?U'EOAOE&
M:4IT\7&3I+EY7&<DI)7]ZSN]UNI.,FG**BFD/#<59G at JD:N'J6E&]KJ+MI;J
MGT?JKGO5S^T=I?Q>^">H:7XAAU"WUY4DN;I-,TAKN"!+=O/CGVON1H2R1(PD
M899R&V(=X]:^&<'V?X>Z+NTRUT:26SBFFL;>W^SQVTKJ'D01_P`.'9N#SG.>
M:^+(2D5]:SO!;W/V2=+A8KA/,AD*G.UUR-R'H1W!/3K7M'[+7C[6/&OQGU3[
M=J$-O:1Z,OD:/:F:.SMPK11 at PQ$LBA0F#R#F7 at 8W8_FWQO\`"+%9+1EC<%KA
M(^]S-JZ;:2 at TK-]U*UK=M3\]\7LRQG$>"HXG$I*6'@[RUO-722:[ZR=_-[(^
MAZY[Q+\)O#'C&6ZEU/P_H]Y<7B>7-<26J?:&&W;_`*S&\$* `001 at 8(P*Z&J
M/B7Q+8^#M!NM3U.ZCL[&S3S)II#PHZ?4DD@`#))(`!) K^6\/4K1FO8-J3T5
MKW]--=S^;\+5KPJ+ZLVI/1<M[O71*VN_XGS_`/M:_ M='^'D>JVMYJFH?8[Z
M-93>-#/):6\C2 *)2 at N'59)%4*TC\-T.,C[>_P"#<[X^O#_P5S\#Z*VAJ^N>
M(O!MKI>I:Q=7UU-)+:K;V5\OEQ21Q*C/+!"Y?:ZL'D(:4R><?SW^.OQUOOC+
M=-:6<FIZ5X;"Q%;5S&DMS*I+&23:"0`2H";R,QAL`XQ]=?\`!OUI5CH'_!<?
MX(^?I(GENK 1VTA)M6LICHC2FZ*"&(3%XQ*AW(0WG^9YDQ E?^K\M\+,]EPO
M'&YU2?/&2JJ[DIJ$)0:YXIK9KFU3233=[:?TYPO_`&I/!4Z>;5Y>UYE+XI;*
MUHSLTI.UU9W2NNJ/Z /^"=W_`"?/^T=_V"O"/_HO5*^SJ^,?^"=W_)\_[1W_
M`&"O"/\`Z+U2OLZN"G\*/MI;L****HD**** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HH
MHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@#\F?^#BAPG_``2S^*&XA?\`0/#0Y][_
M`$NOP+^.'C7Q//\`L#_L]ZE8^(+_`$?3_ >J:_X9LK&TE*%KZTOH=7751*NU
MDE*^(%@5/F\K[$TBR9N&1/WP_P"#C&,2_P#!*_XGAF"_Z%X8.3[:AI9Q^/3\
M:_ OP!_Q<']A3XO^'?\`77O@>]TKQW:/<_-%8V)D?2-0CMSR4GN+C4M%9U 5
M98].!=]T$*-]KE?#^%S#AJ.,Q<;K#XEVU>KQ%)8?9-749U*=371J,H]6C.I7
MG3K<L';FC^3YOT9^F_C;0/@3XY\.6GQ?^(L?@?Q+=:?X-L9[K5=2LW-LNFW#
M/-!,FG3M(8O.F\T1`JTY):(,YRI_-7]KKX3?#?Q'^U#?1_"^;4+*S\03Z?>6
M-A;>'+NR^RO=3_9+B!8[LQ($60)+&Q,,0-R800%4IXMX5^(OB:QT:9K/Q1KD
M;7GV/[3']OD:"Y^Q;?L4<T;$I(D&Q/+5U(0*`N!BO55_:XU2\O\`PUJVI:7;
MS6=C>H\VD:=JB0W$EY:26MRD\[/!*8[5B<(B89BDH,AVX/XUP3X$\3<(YG at L
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M#YD+!USC/I5JWLI;WX<:MJT-HLDEGJNG_9WDM$E4CR[ML-O at 88;!.PS() HS
M%-MW1<UH[-8ZE:[8KBUM+R /&+ABPG(^1G0[5!!D1P.#C!7+$9/XKEW$$\IX
MOK.I3O1Q\HVFV[OE7)"S;2Y4M4DK\KB[VY;]"PL%%SC\3U>O5+:WHOSN;]%%
M%?O1RA36E5'5690SYV at GEL=<4ZFM$KNK,JEDSM)'*YZXK.I[2W[NU[K?M=7^
M=KV\[7T#U.I^$-M]J\:[?)\[&GW[[?*\W&VSG;=CRI?NXSNVC;C=OBQYJ:-9
MWPAMOM7C7;Y/G8T^_?;Y7FXVV<[;L>5+]W&=VT;<;M\6/-31K^DO!'_<<3_C
M7Y'C9G\:] HHHK]N/,"BBB@#9^'5M]L^(.A0^3]H\W4;=/*\KSO,S(HV[/*F
MW9Z;?*DSTV/]TXU;/PZMOMGQ!T*'R?M'FZC;IY7E>=YF9%&W9Y4V[/3;Y4F>
MFQ_NG&KSZ?\`OU3_``0_.H5]E?/]`HHHKT"0HHHH`*V?'5M]EUN!?)\G.GV+
M[?*\K.ZTA;=CRHOO9SNVG=G=OESYKXU;/CJV^RZW`OD^3G3[%]OE>5G=:0MN
MQY47WLYW;3NSNWRY\U_/J?[]3_P3_.F5]E_+]3&HHHKT"3Z._P""4WPWUKQS
M^VCH>LZ%9?:;[X9Z9JGQ!@FN)H[;3;.ZT>QGO[!M0N)&2*WL7U"&S at FDDDB7
M9.5$L3,KCW[P)X_^`GP"^%_PSN+'P[8W?AO_`(6%XS\(3?$!3>6^H^+=+32]
M#M[G^T$V/)#INHVNIWT1BMX/M>FQ3P30&XN8+E=1^ =)\3ZEH%AJEK8ZA?65
MKK=LMEJ,,$[1QW\"S13B*95($D8F at AD"MD!X8VQE5(]C_P"1Y_X)L?\`/K_P
MJ_XE_P"__:?_``D6E_AY7V;_`(1;_;\W[=_RS\G][^:<5<,RQ>81QF+K2C0F
MX4G&#<=)1K04I-/WFZE6,8QMRI-N:DF^3LH5N6'+%:[Z_+]%_D<I^UQ^SQ<?
MLI?M&^*O`4NK6/B&UT2Y5],UJREADMM=TV>)+FQU"(PRRQB.YM)H)U42,5$P
M4G(-<E?6VWX?:7-Y.WS-1O$\WRL;\1VIV[_*&[&[.WS7V[L[(]VZ7&K9OK;;
M\/M+F\G;YFHWB>;Y6-^([4[=_E#=C=G;YK[=V=D>[=+]BJ=>G#"4\3/VE1-*
M4K<O-)4YWERIOEN];7=KVNSGNFY..B_X)C4445[1F7?#WB34?".L0ZAI-_>Z
M7J%ON\JYM)VAFBW*5.UU((RI(.#R"17J?AS]L36'$,?BK3K7Q0$58VO6E:UU
M(QH at 5%\Y=T;$%02\L4DC`L"WW2OC]%?#\;>&G"W&&%^I\38"GB86LN>/O+?X
M9JTXO5V<9)INZU/HN&>+LZX=QBS#(L54P]5?:IR<6U=.SMI*+:5XNZ=M4SZ@
MT3]K7P39^)VTNU?QMI^@:OF*YU%YHX3:J=ZJ);6/?]H1<@L1(A(9]J9 #??G
MP&\+:;X<\ >'=/TW5-%U*WU#]U%>W;)]G5;A9 ;@NI.(QY at D5N0NU3\V,G\8
MZZSX6^+=:\%6OB:^T/4M4TJ[72E1[BQE>*14-Y:Y!=(V*J3M&=\0)P-YSY4G
M\;^)'T#>$\30PU3A"M+ RIN,9J7-5C6C*2T;E/FI.[3DZ>ZBH\J3DY?5<9>,
M'&/%E*EA<]Q\JE.%>&(DE"DG*5.$H13:@FE9[IIV33NI-/[J^*O_``1%CM&U
M"YL_B7)XJU*>[EU&ZU#3X&U6&SM6W$"Y<!,SLP=C+Y@!"L3&N03^=^FZE<:-
MJ-O>6=Q-:W=K(LT$\+F.2%U(*LK#E6! ((Y!%?JI^P1_P41O/C#^SC-X+UR^
M\-V?B.ZN9;-1%=):W^H[5BE:?REP65XQ(C#!'#'<J 1K^?\`<?L-?%)?'.H:
M#;^%+V[FT_+?;$98K&Y0%<-%/*41\A at 0N=XYRH*L!]']'OQ*XMPV<\1<-^+.
M*HT7 at Y4UA^>=.,9T;3C.JI<M-.$I**Y7\%K6U;?S.=87`N-&667E)QO/1Z-M
MV77L]>IT?[%OQ)\1>,?VP/ .M>(M?UK7M-\"7%SXLU"&^OI;IIM,TVVDU'4;
M:)9&*L\]I9S1"-BJ2,ZJ[*A+#SSQ'^T[\1O&%OY>K>.O%FI$WIU!Y;G59I9I
M;@O&_F/(S%W8/&CKN)VOEEPS,3]@?\$C?^"<VO?&#4_B5JGB:S\0>#5A\-RZ
M%IE[-9F":*2_>.VO"JRJ5)?3I+Z$!XR&\]W1DD@$B=AX5_X)^?#'XG6\FCKI
M.L:=8^';2XL;6:XTY[._NY&N9HC?37"L4F<_9Q)%'DK&DI)0I)&J>;QI](OP
MKX2XOS3%9G3C5I8"GA:,Y4Z,:JHR;KUN:'*FK3>)IP?*TU.-3GMR1Y_%SS&P
MRC)7FN9U73HQNY2M*6C<8*\8J4GKY.R:>UVO@*S^/7C:QTZ[LU\6>()+&_CN
M8KFUFOI)K><7(<3EHW)4L_F.Q8C.YMP(;!K?^#'A'0_$O at VYN)&LD\3:7XBT
MIH8;FZ#2:E:2O)%)#;VODRF5Q(8G?,<WR8 CX*R_2'B[_ at C'K$=[#)H7BZWD
MM9[W$D-]:;9;.U).6WJY6:51MPNV-6Y.4Z5R_P`5_P#@F]=?LZ:9I^O2:I<>
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MSI]C=SQP7-YY#3"SB=@'E*+ at MM4D[1R2`.]?7#ZUK&DWVAV_A?Q!H?Q.L[V>
MVT[5;S[?:VQTJ\N9X;>!V-N&(@D=VP at B=UVL3(PP!\AWUFNH6K0N6"OC)7KP
M<UZM^R[9_#^Z\$^*/#?BK3?&&K:YK$4-OI^D^&8KR2YU8(TTAN B3&&6:(.&
M*2HL:);HRB1GDS_+/TC.%<7C:M',ITW4H1BH*T5)QE*3N]&I)/1WNDVDGTOT
MT<AR_.(_5,;"+>K3E=6TZ-:INRT6^A]:Z5\#/BEJ&F6]Q-H7 at NQFGB61[:?Q
M'.TMNQ )1BEDR%EZ':S+D<$CFO2/A+$/V7OV?=$TOQA?)YUA--:V\5D]UJKE
M&GFDM[: >7Y\WE6^U<"/*I"QP$0D>6WOQKU;X >*;#Q-;ZIXR^*7A_XG:/YN
MFQW8BA6UOH8EEMPKXA at M8;BW>0NHA\PM;[L.=P'FNB?':?Q!\8=)U3Q%X=N9
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M2W5]81Q:9<W-O:SA+=)R5$I;"SE#`?W"%!)-[Y\%_A#I7B#]FSP;I?B_08=8
MN)+&'5=1M_$%N;Z;^TIU,US-*+C<PF:::<L3R"[#@<5\QXD<%X?+H+#UKPC)
MQM%)N2E&,E>3E+EDE>W+%1?>5TG+[W+\TP_#D8XBG1<JDN:+;ET33VUL]M6M
M3[,KY\_9G\3WG[4'C>?XROJMJWA0PZCX=\&:;:1,H-B+U$N+^Y>1%D,]Q+8Q
M%8@%2&)%!WN[L/-O$7[._P`)_ VA:YX at UKP?X<N+.SA?4+VZU'3QJ36L$$"K
MLC$@D:.&*&)52"(!$5 J(!Q6)_P2>^)]Y\0OB#\4)+"VN+/P1(;&70]*A:*U
ML?#J$3.(EL?.,D+W$4T4K2QQ"&66.YVNVQ2^'A7PQ at Z-;$8^GS5)0BDI2 at HJ
M-]))>].\FGO=6BFOMV7;F/'4\XBL-3ING#=ZWOM;HK6WZZV['V+XS\7Z=\/O
M!^K:]K%Q]CTG0[.;4+V?RVD\F")#)(^U06;"J3A02<<`FN+_`&3-,\2W7AKQ
M%XL\4Z-:^&]0^(6IVWB&/1X[F6XFTJ(Z5I]L(+ at R0PE9PULQ= F%)QN;!->9
M_MG_`!A\"?&3P-J7PAL4MOB)XB\43&PNM'T?64MVT,6\T;2W=[<(LHM%MY A
M"R1NTDH6,12 N!ZE^QW\6[_XP? G3[K7+O3KSQ5H5S<^'_$+6=PDRMJ%E,]O
M+(0J1^7YVQ9Q&47:DZ8&,$^MXR8?,*'#U*O"G^YJ5.64GO=+F at EY-J7,^EHI
M;L][@>E3EBY5)7NE[O;^]\U=?B>E7+;9K?G&Z0CKC/RM[C/Z_3N.?^-'Q$_X
M5#\'?%GBS['_`&A_PB^C7FK_`&7S?)^T_9X'E\O?M;;NV8W;3C.<'I707+;9
MK?G&Z0CKC/RM[C/Z_3N/G/\`:=DU#XI_M(:)X0FN+JU\)^#M,M/%=];P7IB_
MMF_ENY5L$E14RT-NUC/,5\T*\CP%D81U_/V49?#%XBC&M_#C%RG_`(5.5TM4
M[R=HJW5IMI7:^RS[.(99@:V+ETT7JTDC\U?VP_ K07=EXHMM)^)U_P"7:II?
MB;6?$^BZA&VH3P".*/4C-<O)B.Y\P(D+,K1B`#:-RBOHW_ at F;XT\4Q_!8ZYI
MOBOQ%JVI:%J<FF1:7K.IW$FD&RCA@,=BD9DD2-/+9&2XCC62)SC;)$K13?5>
MJZ7:Z[IEQ8WUM;WEG>1-!<6\\8DBGC8%61E.0RD$@@\$&OR=O?V9O'7 at GQ=)
M\-]6O-/AE2_DO$TZXU.6.TFQ#B._BC*[9UD02(KQJTB&)UE6/ S_`'9PGXF4
M^,LK_L',I4L%'"R4X3LVHTG?GBHQBY27-9V3LFTGI:W\_8/B##4JE;'8V"Y>
M5W5[+UN]FOF]=-3ZYOOVT? OPDN+S6M>UC2O&OQ"\7S1WNOW'A"W2: X5XX8
MQ(T at C$-O%&D**TGF, )&3=*['Y0^)_[3_B[XJ67B+3);B+2/"OB2_P#M\F at 6
M\,4EO 0\<@`D9-^YI(Q)(4**\KR/M&]LVO$7[*&K>#OAYJ^KZMX at T>PDTV%Y
M88+:!IDFPH\M/,<IAW?Y``AY(QDG`\T1MR@[2N1T/:OZA\$>%>$,16Q.-RRO
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MI^CT^]=#[B\:>(O^$0\':MJWD_:/[+LYKORM^SS?+0OMS at XSC&<''I7R#\2O
MBWJOQFU2*^U#;;V485K6PAED,$6"Y5V!;:TNV3:7"KTX`KV>\_:'MYOV6IM6
MOM2A@\07%C/IX2WND6Y>[7]SYB*-A4Y:.8A1E%<$9XS\Y6$L4UG&T!S#C:O7
MH.._/:OY`^C/P1 at Y9MC,1FU&+K89\L%)W:DFU*2CLU%I+FULY)K6S7P/`>0O
M#>WK8FG^\A-P4M>GQ6Z;]5N35]Z?\$$X!8_\%PO@'&8A;[TWA/)\G=N\/3-N
MV^3#G=G=NV'=G=YDV?.?X+K[N_X(-:?]G_X+E_L^_*+55#2>5Y'E>87\.SG=
MCRH>H);=L.[.[S)L^<_];<=59T\FQ4J<>9^QJ*UTM&DF]6MDV[;NUDF[)_IV
M%UJQOW1_0)_P3N_Y/G_:._[!7A'_`-%ZI7V=7QC_`,$[O^3Y_P!H[_L%>$?_
M`$7JE?9U?Q=3^%'T4MV%%%%42%%%% !1110`4444`%%%% !1110`4444`%%%
M% !1110`4444`%%%% !1110!^3/_``<3?\HM/BA_V#_#?_I=IE?A)_P3Q^'V
MN?%GQA\2/#MCH]UK&@:UX$UK3=5M(=AEU"Z%A<:AH]O$@/GR2OK&G:>4C@!:
M1XUB8,DC(_[Q_P#!PKI\FJ?\$N_BE'&T"LNE^'YB9IDA7:EWIKL`SD L0I"J
M#N9L*H+$`_ST_L\:_K/[,/[37@/XDVRZ7J4WP_\`$5IK4EE;^)[2W:^CM+B6
M26!94=R!*EK-&2%<.LL>%?SH1)^I9'A\TQ/AYF&'R1Q^LNI-P4DG>2IP<;7E
M%QDIJ,H33O"24EL<]25*.,A*O?EMK;Y^3T[KJM-#DO!WPE\7_$_P_P"*/$5C
M=1ZQ9>#;%)M1BNKIOM5M:111I"$, at PRK!'($57.U+-UPI,2OSX4*6P`-QR>.
MM?8G[4G[&DG[/OBSXI>(?A3XFT#6+;PM<ZIX5\8:*MDMG:74=K/)'J21(TK2
M6L;F`2"W63>B.3%,0T0;Y0L_A]JEKIO^D7&A-) K[S'KEE+NV?:,E2LIWY%L
MY&W.[=#MSY\._P"T\&N/<LSJA*&!4HT;*<(R^&FI:J$6TFERR2BGTC)I*[2R
MSC+:V%FO:6;?5.]_,RZ[3X<_L^ZI\4=.EO[S4-&\'^&0CB+7/$, at M=/O;D"3
MR[:%GP)69XF#E,^6J.3E at J-Z!^SS^R1>>+-1T7Q%J6BKX^\+EK^SU;3="U^T
MM[G2[R&22-%D<W"K,C(J2+Y4R9$BMRFP3?4/QR\++H_[/?C7Q!K4.F^'Q9^$
M=0T;1M+2>&.'1K::$*L!*-L>>5X8%(0E%*111;OFEGX^-O&K*H8*I0R^3G-S
M]GR*ZG+5*5]'R0W][>6T4KJ2ZLNX=Q-6?-47+%1YN9[6M=>K\NG78_/C3(6\
M2?!O6)Q"T.[4[*+SO*W[`8[LE=_E';NV_=\Z/=MSY<NW?#G1:E-HWA#^Q(8[
M.&QDOOMUU<RQQO--M6,1)N*;DV$2X*L,B=P>I#=WX6^#OB;6_ACXEDM[?PS<
M/H5Y8-?W+^(M-CCM5=K^`$S,=@5Y(1@"=-P>%A',KQR)RL7 at _5]MU-*WAV.W
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M\"WUIYVZ?1SY._=LU>T?.SSL[=LAW?\`'N^,9W;HL9\Z+?\`T1X*YEA(8+$J
M=6*]Z.\EV]3QLRA+F6G0QJ*V;GP+?6GG;I]'/D[]VS5[1\[/.SMVR'=_Q[OC
M&=VZ+&?.BWESX%OK3SMT^CGR=^[9J]H^=GG9V[9#N_X]WQC.[=%C/G1;_P!L
M_M; _P#/Z'_ at 2_S/,]G+L8U%;-SX%OK3SMT^CGR=^[9J]H^=GG9V[9#N_P"/
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MG&W;+G'DR[/2_M; _P#/Z'_ at 2_S,_9R[&-16S;>!;Z[\G;/HX\[9MWZO:)C?
MY.-VZ0;?^/A,YQMVRYQY,NR[;>#([OP[#&L=F-6FN49;E_$-DEN('6$!&A;#
M*^ZX0ES(`H64% 8963.IG6#C:U2+N[:2CIYN\EHO*[[(?LY=CF:V?'5M]EUN
M!?)\G.GV+[?*\K.ZTA;=CRHOO9SNVG=G=OESYKEMX%OKOR=L^CCSMFW?J]HF
M-_DXW;I!M_X^$SG&W;+G'DR[-GQC\/+[^V[-5;1[?[1I^G.JOJ5I;_ZRTLV#
M,&$6,_:4)8KVE8O)Y4LM<=3-L#]>I_OH?!/[2[T_,KV<N5Z=OU.-HK9MO M]
M=^3MGT<>=LV[]7M$QO\`)QNW2#;_`,?"9SC;MESCR9=A;>!;Z[\G;/HX\[9M
MWZO:)C?Y.-VZ0;?^/A,YQMVRYQY,NST/[6P/_/Z'_ at 2_S(]G+L8U>Q^"/$-O
M;?\`!/WXG:2T=\;J]^(7A"[C=+*9[94ATWQ.CAYPIBCD)G39&[AY`LC(K"*0
MI=_9,_X)P_&C]NC6]2T_X3^"V\97&BVR7>H/;:K8PP6*2",QB66:9(TD?S/E
MC9@[&*<!28)A'^N'[/7_``25_:"\#?\`!O1\=O@;JGP_^R_%+QEXYMM8T?1/
M[<TU_MEJDVALTGVA;@VZ86SN3M>16_=]/F7/Y9XC>*7#F40P^$K8NC*I+$8:
M,H>VIQE3 at ZL).K).[Y()<TKI+E^U'<[L'@:U2\E%VL^CUTV/P?K9OK;;\/M+
MF\G;YFHWB>;Y6-^([4[=_E#=C=G;YK[=V=D>[=+Z[^U=_P`$T_C7^P[KVAZ;
M\5O!L?@VX\2Q/-ICW6MZ?);WBI+%%(%FBG>/<C3Q%E+!D1][`("P\[E^'E]<
M?#[1YE;1U^U:C<(LKZE:1[LQZ>0K.P7[OVE"5,K;/WI*1>7*S?;QXFR?'1PV
M*P6+I5*<INTH5(2B[0J)V:;3LTT[/1IHYO8U(WC*+3]/0XVBMFV\"WUWY.V?
M1QYVS;OU>T3&_P`G&[=(-O\`Q\)G.-NV7./)EV%MX%OKOR=L^CCSMFW?J]HF
M-_DXW;I!M_X^$SG&W;+G'DR[/<_M; _\_H?^!+_,R]G+L8U%;-MX%OKOR=L^
MCCSMFW?J]HF-_DXW;I!M_P"/A,YQMVRYQY,NPMO M]=^3MGT<>=LV[]7M$QO
M\G&[=(-O_'PF<XV[9<X\F78?VM@?^?T/_ E_F'LY=C&K9\,6WGZ)XB;R?,\G
M3T?=Y6_RO]+MUW9\I]G7&[=%][;O.[RI"V\"WUWY.V?1QYVS;OU>T3&_R<;M
MT at V_\?"9SC;MESCR9=G9VW[._BKP[X,DU+4]+L[.R\0:-%?:9<7-[:JLL37E
MB at DW,'\K_CYBR6:$A78E]H>-_'SCB+*J4:5*KB:<93G!13G%.34E)J*;NVDF
MVELDWLC2G2F[M)Z)]#@/#WB34?".L0ZAI-_>Z7J%ON\JYM)VAFBW*5.UU((R
MI(.#R"17K,G[>7Q#O/ UQHMY?6.H33:A%J4>IW%L&O;:2*Y2ZC5""(_+65,A
M&1 at JL5&%"JOF5MX%OKOR=L^CCSMFW?J]HF-_DXW;I!M_X^$SG&W;+G'DR[/;
M?V&/V+E_:-\<7%SK-Y9_\(_H8AFN[6UO%FN+PR1^:D9\HLT2%>&8X;<&C7#A
MS'\;XGYQP'EN3U>)^+(T9TL&E4YG&,YKEDG%1ZN\VDHWY6W[VEV'UZI at Z,ZD
MJCIPLW)W:7*M7?TM?J]%;6Q^VG["/B:S\9?L6^$O$-K!':S>+6_M*^MQ/YQM
MY?*1D3/'(CF4'@9 4X&3D\9_L\+?S75]I.H7`OKJZ>Y:"[9?L[>8S,P!6/>N
M"V0?FZ8[Y&AX%\>^$?AEX*\'^#+:SN/#S:7HD(@T\PF1$$AEG2.-HP48F-XV
M"H!_K40*&S&NG\1/'EYHFB^7H=C)>ZU=3BVLX)[=T2>3]Z2 at W%-[,L, at 1$)9
MV:(*&\Q-W_-9F%"&<9EB\30H7P^*KU9P]I:473=2<:;5356C2M%5(2NHJ\9=
M3]$SC(LCXDRI8/,J=/%46O*24N5Q<H-:QFKR2E%J46W9IG at ERLNDW%Y#?-;Q
MR6=S+;NR.3'E'*9R0.X_'VS at -TBPT?Q'K<;:@L]U8VL?FS-:1)($)=(X_/D:
M6)8K?S)5#,9%^\JAE+;U]4^(O[%OC*#XC:O86-N^L:3JDD][)K3:9=V\$$F+
MAG0P".64D/:R!/+\P.)+<AOWR9^DOCMX6TRT_8ZUKPG'$ZG1=,^TS-'X<GL;
M&]EM'DN9?DB6..%)WLILE' 'G1LI/FQ>9\]P_E^ R3B.AFE*[C*M[J at _=C1F
MDN:2]^:<6W[D^63Y4[+I_.GA[]'G^RN+,5GU7FH4Z-:;H03BX3I2B^5/WY37
M*W9\UKV3273\5OVG_P#@CAH-W\:O$4GA+Q;_`&1I-I*5FA&C$PB=0?.\E3*N
MQ X*[!N ()4A"JK\I?M6_P#!/[X@?LEW$ESK5G#J/A\B.2'5;*19(6BE9A$S
M@$[=P"Y92T89P at D+<5_0==?L2VWBSQQ=>(/$NK7NBM=/.^HZ9X;\-WLHE*&Z
MVNMS+&0\A$!+,L $A,>U29XGD\I_X*G_`+.GPFT/]C+6O#.LZAXBGU'R5FM9
M=0LC;W5S:6+21FW at NFBAMHEB<F?=(=K[8BY>-XR/]$/"?Z=7'.!XTP>18_$Q
MQ^63G3I6]A/VT8:)R]IRP<I0M)\TYSC)-2;@E(_:\/PMCW6QU7,/9JG>+P_(
MVG;E?.JL7=)\UN5PD[J]XQ>A_.%XO_Y!L?\`UU'\C7.5Z]\3?V:O&GA;P[9W
MFI:5!8Z=>7,45O?SZC:I97)D6,H8YS)Y3JRS*P96(VI*V=L,I3SVU^'NH7GD
M[+C0U\_R]N_6K./&_P`C&[=*-N/M,>=V-NV;=CR9MG]^>)V>9=C<\E7P>(A4
M at XQ]Z,XR6F^J;6ASX&G.-*TDTS#HK<M?A[J%YY.RXT-?/\O;OUJSCQO\C&[=
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MAE89#*P(925(()!T+7X>ZA>>3LN-#7S_`"]N_6K./&_R,;MTHVX^TQYW8V[9
MMV/)FV%K\/=0O/)V7&AKY_E[=^M6<>-_D8W;I1MQ]ICSNQMVS;L>3-LC'4\!
MC:$L-BG&4);IM='===TTFFM4]453E.$E.%TT:'P_\?:'X0UW1-0N;>XM'TL)
M;M9O=2M:F22*VMY+VV2*' E9(I#*DA!?Y"K,0 /7/ _[3/@G4?C)X1DUS^V;
M/P[H^L&_NKIX)?*D,$,S6[;(29F'VH6[A63'RC<,9%>)VOP]U"\\G9<:&OG^
M7MWZU9QXW^1C=NE&W'VF/.[&W;-NQY,VPM?A[J%YY.RXT-?/\O;OUJSCQO\`
M(QNW2C;C[3'G=C;MFW8\F;9^,4?!/(Z6(E5ABY<J=X1;B^76]FWK);]GKN>U
MEN?XK!8;ZK2UC>_O:]M+[VTZMNVE[62]B_;0_:I/[1+:;K6@:'<:3H\QN-+$
MVH!H;RX"6A0DM J@!1J,P\DW,RG:I:*)976?VWX!_P#!4_P_K>G75O\`$HV/
MAC4K<1_9KFQMKNXAU/<TFX+$D<C1&-1&#ND;<7R,?='R9+\,M0N?AKH<R-H:
M?:]3ND65]4LXMV8M,(5G8+]W[7&2K3/Y?[XM'#Y<S/AVOP]U"\\G9<:&OG^7
MMWZU9QXW^1C=NE&W'VF/.[&W;-NQY,VSQ^,/H]\(\3Y=[#%5)1K*3:K*2<DE
M*S2C=0M)))WB[63W1QYACJV,DGB-;;6TM?70^KO%_P`7M9_;`OK^>#Q)I\?P
MQ_M'[.FA6]A'.^J1VLXDCFN99D$D;2NB2&(*`(BBGEF8]5^S?\*K?XK?M">)
MM6N]8\1Z'/X1LK33X+?1=2N-+FU.WN5EE=YYX4CD>'S44(D<Y DM9"R@, WS
MU^R9\*?$%YH4[Z-KD6EZ7-J:BZ>WURRF4H;2%T"0R0R*LF^XBWN9AA4D1HPT
M3%>C\#_!+6/'WB&?6?'&MV"0^&6_LW5[.XNK,6^I1K';W:O)-'Y(%MOEMYA#
M.K[#"VX at B0+_`"?D^08?(,_JX/\`=U*6'YHI1ZOX>:ZC:;ERI.4M6G%NVB75
MPC1IXW/OJ5*49."NXR?+9/1MMJS<='+=V:M=M(^J/AI^T)\*?A9XFU_PG;RW
M'A&&WU"[N'U?Q TEO:^([T3;+V2.]N7+74T<Q$<AD;<<#;N1<CG?%G[6L?@S
MQE'X\^%/@KX@>(M2FL8+K4&L_#SV.D>*[62:",)<R31+<33Q0C=;R0H_EB4G
MYXC,E=%^R%X2C\-_LS>"8K=U9;[2XM3?)BC59;O_`$J0*J!55 \[!5 `50!_
M"37HRVK-CF/G'61?;W]Q^OH<='$7&;S#"5<IQ&#C.E*\6G>SC?2R25FM+-.Z
M=FK-'[%AL&W3A.-51T35DKK3IJUIZ:K0[;X!_MW?#?\`:9\8+X=\,ZMJ"^*;
M*U:^U'1;_2[FSNM-";8Y8I2ZB+S(Y)%1E1W^;)&0-P\%^.GQ!^&O['W[4U[:
MZ#93;?&,OV_QW/:1_:(M`U"ZNH_L=U>74C 6\4RSW3-$TA5!'$T<48D=I=3Q
M!'X;\;_&SPSX3\3IX=GT/3[&\\8:VVI-8W$=E96:HH\V"YMIU\N4SLID!@=5
MBF*2 at JRGRZZO/A)^TY\>]3T7X;Z#:>"-`'AUX[J;1;R+2IM8N([RSN+._AM;
M8E(3:^8K+-.$F9[EXFC_`-&F1/RK*?!W"T*$LTIU:JPW)RRI/6]Y.TI22C=)
MMN$7!.\4W)J]_)S[,(X]O)ZZC*4FFIK2SLFDDV]=$F[[-JUSWR\^,_ at _3_"%
MKX at N/%GAJ#0;Z4P6VI2:G MG<2#<"B2EMC,-C\ D_(WH:\>_: _:9\#^/O"U
MQH?A_1]#^*6L1W:16L=SIYO="L;@Q%OM,UT4,!6.-SE8G,A+^6-I8E:O[67[
M/?@_4?A??WB^%?"\.IZMK&F1SWT=M;V]U)]HU*U28M.-KJ765 at S;@<,V3UKY
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M^Z<.NX^$WPRU#6OB5X8A1M#G^VZG9HL3ZI9OYGF2VH"LC";_`)^8P5:&3&V8
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MHO*L4E-?P*W5?RG3AXOVD?5'[T?\$[O^3Y_VCO\`L%>$?_1>J5]G5\8_\$[O
M^3Y_VCO^P5X1_P#1>J5]G5_%M/X4?12W844451(4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`
M%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`!1110`4444`%%%%`'Y,_P#!Q-_RBT^*'_8/\-_^
MEVF5_-(ZB12K`,K#!!'6OZ6_^#B;_E%I\4/^P?X;_P#2[3*_FEK^F/ Z*>0U
MD_\`G]+_`-(IGDYI_%7HOS9];?$O]I>;]GG]K2Z\>?V?<Z_HWQA\+Z!XGUN>
MUD15U35+FQMYM5U"!BI5V35&U>)H(F2*.82P at 1>0$3YT_:4\'^%=$^+GVKP)
MX at L=6TC7;)]7)M(T$&GFXNKADM%B7'D^5%Y0\M\,#DE5!V+W_P`</^*Q_8\^
M!OB3_CW_`+#_`+?^'_V;[_G_`&.]36?M>[C;O_X2/R?*P=OV/?O/F[(_&-$E
MCT#5);J.RTN[^TQF&X at OK-+F&>-BI8?-\T;$+CS(6CE7)*NI.:^/R7PQC0]A
MGN30<JE!U*,Z:FZ?M5AYRH0FII>Y-JFI25U%MO56U]*IF\IT?J5?X='%VNX\
MVK7FG<]%_9W_`&I_$G[,ZZQ#HMMINHV.L?O7M+YI1'!<+'(JS1[6VC+&/S!M
MRZQ*NY3AAJ_'?]L+5OVDOA)I^@^)-'TVWU*QULZB9[%62U:!;<QQH$=W9G+R
MREB2H 1 `VXE?-H=5T1M-\21W'A:);C5(85TB33]8NK6/0I$!#%8Y3.9ED.P
MLLCY`#!2F05Y>SDU*P3RGMUN at O202X)[\YY_ETKU(\'Y)B,^6<YEE%:A5C)3
M<H_O(2FE?6-+G=K[M))RC9W3U'FN+IX3ZI3KJ4&FK;65_-+U6]D^CV[#4H]%
MO_V?Y%:';J6G^(&>_FBTOS[CY[25K8-<>2H6!S&$\K[0K(8IY=EQO1;?D7TQ
M9M-C^QKM60`[))9 NTC/0'WK8T:ZN9?AWK4HTD&XBU*P22;R\8S%><>9Y! !
MV?=\]-VW/ES;"\.'%K=U<W9 at BMXW>%@)7#G9Z'J!C]>G>NO(<#DF&KXJM6G.
MI]9G-).A-S3<G-QC*4+MI.TU9I<MV]K\%>I5FHV27*EU[)+OY?B T:XN(A#,
M+7R0I4;6=BG7! )QP?TXZ5UPU^'XX?'NUU+XA:W>Z78ZN;>35]3CA6XNHS!;
MA,I';QJ%\QH]BD1L(Q(I;S"K%L.XCDE3;')Y1R,MMW''MV_G38[&.*\DG5?W
MDH 8_3_(_(5]'GGAGA,=4 at Z#G3J13C[6\+J$XV:BN5W<>5))J*7,VF[)*,/F
M$Z:L[.-T^76S:VOJN[/K'QG^QC\+?&/PET[Q!\.O$^H-Y]UI6CBYBO$O83-<
MWEO"\UQ$Z[UGV7(9HE:(`A?D7G/E/[1O[&/C#]G316U34GL=6\.R7#VQU+3F
M<-: MB)[B-E_=;\@95G57^4MEDW8'[/OQ]U3X+"[TR\MFU'P[JVM:7JT\,$Q
M\VR>TO8;AGB1BL;-)'$48':6(B)8!"#Z+XA_X*6^/M?U;Q#)#HGAN3P_K")!
M%H.LV_VZ.VC$6R5?,C\DR+*Q8D2!A@@#`SGX7@'+N(\FHXG 8V5>HU-^S<DY
M1=)13U3=E=W3C"2J-RM'NO2SC%83$SIU:$8P]U<R6GO7>WRMY'$_L::19Z_^
MTGX7T2XTVS\1+J!N;1M/O)I52X\RTF7+O%%+)'MSO$BI\A0-N0`L/3?VF_V9
M?^%,_%N^\/>'+R]\4PV.G'5[OR;;?-I,&]_EN/+)`V1^6S2$(")5.U01GSGX
M(>%(/#_[0>GR> -;'DWUAJMQHE_<:C:V&HV:KIL[2QW7+FWDCW21[W6-)/++
MQO&I$B;/@SX@:U\"?%-CK7A/Q+#'J4UEF62SC<K")/O6\R3QA79<`G =,A2K
M$J"/Z[^C_B,ZQSQ6999B::4(J"PUYR at YVO!U9VE[+E2DHSIP_>IW?,H*+^2S
M94X\L)I_XNMO)=?F]/F<E17T/'I'PS_:P\2PVNCV,W at 7Q==V6FQNL4EK9Z/<
M737,4%WY-LS;BRQR;XT216EV-E0X)D\2^(O at +4?A=XYU7P]JT?EZAI%RUO+A
M659,'ATW`$HZX920,JRGO7]/\-\:8;-*\L!6IRP^+A%2E1J6YE%V]Z+3<90N
M[*2>^C47H>)6P[@N=.\>Z_K<Q:***^R.<V?AU;?;/B#H4/D_:/-U&W3RO*\[
MS,R*-NSRIMV>FWRI,]-C_=.-6S\.K;[9\0="A\G[1YNHVZ>5Y7G>9F11MV>5
M-NSTV^5)GIL?[IQJ\^G_`+]4_P`$/SJ%?97S_0****] D**** "MGQU;?9=;
M at 7R?)SI]B^WRO*SNM(6W8\J+[V<[MIW9W;Y<^:^-6SXZMOLNMP+Y/DYT^Q?;
MY7E9W6D+;L>5%][.=VT[L[M\N?-?SZG^_4_\$_SIE?9?R_4QJ***] DZKX0?
M';QQ^SYXEGUKP#XR\5>!]8NK9K*:^\/ZM<:;<RP,R.T320NK&,M'&Q4G!**<
M9 K]1OV1O^"V>K?"W_ at AW\==/\0_&;7->_:"U+Q,=-\-1^(-7U&^UB&PO[:S
M at -Q:7!??'Y$<.I3(ZR!()UA+C=/$DOY'T5\+QEX=Y-Q-3I0S&FKPJ4ZEU&-Y
M>SDI<DFTVX2MRR2:T>C.K#XRI1;Y'NFOOZ^IU7Q?^.WCC]H/Q+!K7C[QEXJ\
M<:Q:VRV4-]X at U:XU*YB at 5G=8EDF=F$8:21 at H. 78XR36=?6VWX?:7-Y.WS-1
MO$\WRL;\1VIV[_*&[&[.WS7V[L[(]VZ7&K9OK;;\/M+F\G;YFHWB>;Y6-^([
M4[=_E#=C=G;YK[=V=D>[=+])4P]*A+#4:$5&,9-))))>Y/9+1&/,W=O^M48U
M%%%>L9A1110`5TVC:WJ.M>#-4L;FZO;S3]%T\O9P2EIH=/\`,O+;>T8,<@AW
ML1EE:'<3 at NV?*DYFMGPQ;>?HGB)O)\SR=/1]WE;_`"O]+MUW9\I]G7&[=%][
M;O.[RI/+S:C"=.$II-QG3:NMGSI779V;5UT;6S+IMW^3,:OTG_X(Z_"/7K_X
M(:CX at TU9-<M%U&9?L6E>=--9R2HJE;J-6*[F^RHR$QDQJ0=^)]H_-BOM3_ at B
M'^UUXJ^!'[6>B>'[?6;>U\!W2ZEKOB"SN2(X6AL]-GNIIMP*_O%AM6""1O+#
M') Y8?SS],#A7&9]X4YKA\+9QI4YUJD6[.=*E3G*<(RY9.,I):-*_2^H1RO"
M9G3GE>.O[.O%TY6WM/W7OMH]]UNK-)G[B:C^S+X3?Q#?3:A9R:QOLXM*C6]*
MNMO%#$D`:/:JE9&6-"7SN!!VE 2*XOX=_#S7/%7C+PG!X&A\5:[X1\/:YI[7
MVJ7WV*'3I+:WN$)^S/Y:/<;&A8,R$X,>,-O!KT_6YI/'GPTO)-!O/*EUK3';
M3KO<\.PRQ'RI,XWKC<ISC</3-=W^SO\`'KP?XST[2_"&CK=:3KFBZ+;RW&@W
M%M=+)I421Q)Y1DFC7S-F]%W9RPPW(.:_PMXXY^%N&<-E^68*-6-./*Y\GNT[
M))SLM8RFVVI7TE=MMO7]5R7+<)AX_5\+%4H)MJ,4DKR;D]MVVVY/=MMO5MGJ
M58GQ,NOL/PX\03>=]G\G3;E_-\[R?*Q$QW;_`#8=N.N[SHL=?,3[PJ3?&/PW
M!\1X_"7]H^9KS[%:WBMY9$A9XI9D2255,<<C102NJ.P9E0D`@C-OXF77V'X<
M>()O.^S^3IMR_F^=Y/E8B8[M_FP[<==WG18Z^8GWA_*-'"5Z&(H^W at X\W+*-
MTU>+>DE?=.SLUH['U3DFG8VZ\Q^,'['O@/XYZQ=:IXATV]N-6N+;[*EXFI7"
MM:*%(7RH]YB7:26 V%2Q)()9L^G45GE^:8S 5OK&!JRISVO%N+MVNK:::K9A
M*$9*TE<^`_\`@L)^P)X(\;?\$W_^%=Z;X>T6:\CO'_L:_P!17]_;:D]G<>7=
MO.B^8K&1(BY08*)LVF,".OR.E_X('B.RLDM_BU-YT<&V[>X\-"59I?,<AHPM
MRI1?+,:E6+DLC-N 8(O[R_\`!2:_ at C^#FBVK30K=3:RDL<)<>8Z)!,&8+U(4
MN@)'`+KZBOBNOJ,A\:.->&ZM1Y)F%2DYR<I;2YI-;M34D]V]MW?=)KZ[*>&\
MNQV#C/%TE)JZ6ZTOY-'X9_M9_LA^,?V.O'%UI_B2RN+K06N%CTSQ';VKKIVI
M*^\QJ6Y$4^V-]T+-N78Q!="KMY?7[N?M0?&SP5\`_ at KK.N>/FMY/#TD+64EA
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M^HWRW&HM:1I]MC1ALE\AV'RLR[<$\JR(05&[/U-\`/A#+\4-9M=,U/PS\0(]
M`L=4CU?6G\9VJVHU4):&"" *N#<8DBMY&5U*D1,9&)95?UK]J:Y_8Y_9$_:#
M\3? _P`6?LL?$*\M_"\W]AWOCB7Q[>6WB"Z3RP#JL&GLBV;LV[SH02L,J^6Q
M558H///"'P?\-_$C]G[0]:\+Z;X9TWQ1-I]KJ&GZS:Z;:126^HP[)5+F.)E7
M$\>V1%7IO7 Z5_ ?'F.PV/J4\[R_*ZV I8R*J0G55!JJII/VD/85ZW+'EY9.
M-3DG%R3Y-DON>'88?*:U63ITY56[3:5IVZIR<=4^57LVG;?5,^IZ*^=_'GB[
MXC?#SP1-XLU7Q:EQ=6%U97-WI&F:9'%I,-J)8%ND+-!<790)Y[M*K;@/F$8V
M[:^B*_$\5 at I4$I-IIWVONK7W2[H_5,NS6CC>;V-_=[^>W5]CY33X`7?[5?\`
MP46^(7@#78XET/4_"@O+.[OK='ET_P`NVCCMY[1GC,IC2\G9WA at F@25E?S&<
M(T3_`$Y\(?\`@D#\._A#HEZUEKOC1/%5Q>O-#XEM-3-K>6UMYZ216OD@&UEC
M"1HKB6%Q(Q=MJ HD?SC>_'CQ9X0_:ZUWXB>#_"]Q+=>!;,^%=0TW4;[[-_;M
MK]JMI68)]G81(1.[QR&90V+=^0#;S_<?[-G[;'@7]J*_U#2]!NK[3_$VCQF7
M4- U6#[/J%I'YA028!:.5#\C;X7D4"6+<5+@'X_Q8S+C# X?#U<NJ3A at _9T^
M=0>BG%RM*HE>R:DEK[KORO6Z.7)<'ET\15=>*=1SERN2>J=G:+?56>VJW6A^
M=W_!1CX@>-OAMHL?P;\716]UJ4C1ZA<Z_9^7';>(=,5S]FD\G#-;S/-&?-C!
M4(UL=A>.08^3D41J%4!548 `Z5]P?\%W/"DNF_';X?\`B"2'2X[75="N--BG
M667[9-);W"R,DBL?*$:BY0QE`'+/-O) CQ\05_HI]$^MA<9P#A\VA&*K5G)U
M&K:RC)QV6R]W2.R=[);+\IXV]K'-9T9MM1LE?M:Z]=]_S"BBBOZ8/D3<^&-K
M]N^)7AZ'R?M'G:G;)Y7D^=YN95&W9Y,V_/3;Y,N>GEO]TX=;GPQM?MWQ*\/0
M^3]H\[4[9/*\GSO-S*HV[/)FWYZ;?)EST\M_NG#KGC_'EZ1_.170****Z"0H
MHHH`*^]?^""5K]C_`."X/P%3R?(W)OV^3Y6=WAZ9MV/)BSNSNW;#NSN\R;/G
M/\%5]Z_\$$K7['_P7!^ J>3Y&Y-^WR?*SN\/3-NQY,6=V=V[8=V=WF39\Y_E
MN,/^13B_^O%;_P!)-\/_`!(^J/W]_P""=W_)\_[1W_8*\(_^B]4K[.KXQ_X)
MW?\`)\_[1W_8*\(_^B]4K[.K^)J?PH^CENPHHHJB0HHHH **** "BBB@`HHH
MH **** "BBB@`HHHH **** "BBB@`HHHH **** /R9_X.)O^46GQ0_[!_AO_
M`-+M,K^:6OZ6O^#B;_E%I\4/^P?X;_\`2[3*_FEK^FO W_D15O\`K]+_`-(I
MGDYI_%7HOS9[5\./^*W_`&%/B=HJ?Z=J7@[Q'H?BVWAEY_LK3)$O--U*XA9O
ME3S;NZT".5(SOE\NW8JR6Q:+Q6O:OV)O^*CUWXD^#YOETWQC\.?$'VV5.)XO
M[*M&\0V_EDY4;KO1K5'W*V89)E7:[+(GBM?;9!^XS?,L'+>4Z=:*Z*%2E&G\
MFZM&JVO/F>LCEJZTX2]5\T[_`)-!1117V!SFYI]KO^&NK3>3N\O4[)/-\G.S
M=%=G;O\`).W.W.WSDW;<^7+MW0T_"/A#6/B#XD at T?0-)U#6M3GP1!:1;S&A9
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M%^(&N_VY%X at NK/08->U"TN=#E@>=9H+75;B+RDG$J2(&AB1-S;W!+-N.0![5
M^W7\&[SXS_L^:A!I8FDUC095UFQ at C!;[6\2.KQ;55F=FBDE"JN"9-G(&:_8L
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M<<8A2>^NGN)%0$D*&<DA068XZ9)]:RZFCTVXETZ6\6WF:T at D2&2<(3'&[ARB
MEN at 9A&Y /)"-CH:_=JM&ASQKU(KFCHFTKKFLFDWJN9V5EOH>6F[61>\4>#-4
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M&4Y4)TXTN2$9327M+<[<H+?D3?*F[<S3:5K-U4 at HPB[WO?Y!1117U!B%%%7?
M$FC?\(YXBO\`3_M5E?\`V"YDM_M-G+YMO<;&*[XWP-R-C*G R"#6;JQ4U3>[
M3:]%9/\`-!TN4JV?'5M]EUN!?)\G.GV+[?*\K.ZTA;=CRHOO9SNVG=G=OESY
MKYEA=1V<[-);0W2M'(@24N%4LA4.-K*=R$AADXRHW!ERIV?B39V]AXBMX[7S
MO+;2M.D;S;46S;VLH&?"A$RN\MA\$R##EG+;V\^I4_X4:<+/X)N_3XJ>E^^V
M]KWTO9VO[#?FOU,"BBBO4("BBB@`K9OK;;\/M+F\G;YFHWB>;Y6-^([4[=_E
M#=C=G;YK[=V=D>[=+C5LWUMM^'VES>3M\S4;Q/-\K&_$=J=N_P`H;L;L[?-?
M;NSLCW;I?/QG\:A_C?\`Z;F5'9_UU1C4445Z!(4444 %;/ABV\_1/$3>3YGD
MZ>C[O*W^5_I=NN[/E/LZXW;HOO;=YW>5)C5L^&+;S]$\1-Y/F>3IZ/N\K?Y7
M^EVZ[L^4^SKC=NB^]MWG=Y4GGYG_``5_CI_^G(E0W^_\C&KV+]E[_BE?AO\`
M&;Q?_P`>=YHW at XZ1I%_)Q$M[J=]:V$]JN[Y))IM)EUG;&0S"..>5`&@\R/QV
MO8O^1._X)_?\_'_"QOB%_N?V?_8.F_CYGG_\)'_L^7]C_P"6GF_N_C_$;]_E
M^'RN.LL5B*%/DZ5(1JQK8B$K^ZX/"TJ_/&6E2*=.TG-1ET8/2;G_`"IOT=K)
M_P#@35NVY^OG_!"3]MR'X_?LW0^#M;U&)O%7A-S:A9I1YUY%@L'P278D`N7=
MMSN9MJA8SCZT_:7\,Z'K?P=U^ZUBUL9)-/T^>2SGG 5[>8KE-C\%2TBQC /S
M\*00<5_,7\-?BEXC^#GBZUU[PKK6I:#K%FZ2175E.8G!5UD`..&7<BDJV5.T
M9!K]8/V"?^"I>K_MY>%M1^%_CK0H]0\0Z;8S^(/[1AF6VC6QL%6:58Y&65Q<
M/"KQJSJWS,S,[!]B_P"?OTB/H[X[AVMB^+,HM/ -RJ3BM)4$]7=-V<$[V<=8
MJR<;*[^KRG-HUE&A4^+9>?\`P3]H_'7[/DVO?"[0-%\.ZM8^!]6\-W2W]C>:
M1HT(L8;AHI8IR+-R5$<BW$Y"[\JSJVYB#NX3Q_X\\;?#V&ZT7QAHNE?8=5LK
M^*R\3Z/J7V>W:=(+F>-)+>6:&6W;[/;NS.MSL5 at H$R9+)[AX#U33=<\#:+>Z
M/<7%YI-Y8P3V,\\DLDL\#1JT;LTN9&8J029/G)/S<YKS']L/XC> - \!W6F^
M+I'GO[6W;6=/AMK.ZN;BRGAW-#<!K=HW at .]6"N9H`X65?, #D?YGYMD.#S1V
MQ=-.:ORRLU*+Z:IIM*3ORR;C=O2[N?8TZLH?"]#N**\N_93^(-CX_P#"GB(Z
M/KDWB30-+\07%MI6H7"W/VB6V>.*Y$<AN&:5VA:X>$.V-RPJ<<\^HU_+.=95
M4RS'U<!5=Y4VU?:_9V>JTZ=-CVZ=13BI+J?*/_!3O_F1_P#M_P#_`&VKY1KZ
MN_X*=_\`,C_]O_\`[;5\CZUK5GX;T>[U'4;NUT_3]/A>YNKJYE6*&VB12SR.
M[$!55026) `!)KY'%1<J[C'?0_4>'W;+J;?G_P"E,_&G_ at HW^TSXH_:%_:,U
MK2=?&EQ:7\.]9U31-%@L[<Q[8UNVC>:1F9F:6188 at V"$'EC:JEFSX'6U\2/'
MS?%?XD^)/%368T__`(2G5[S6?LHE\[[-]IG>;R]^U=VW?C=M&<9P.E8M?] W
MA-POA>'N$,ORO"T51Y:4'**M_$E%2J-VW;FW=W?EI8_FO.,9/%8VK7G+FNW9
MOLM%^%C<^(5K]CU^W3R?(W:9I[[?)\K.ZSA;=CR8L[L[MVP[L[O,FSYSX=;G
MQ"M?L>OVZ>3Y&[3-/?;Y/E9W6<+;L>3%G=G=NV'=G=YDV?.?#K[S"?P(>B_(
M\Z6X4445T""BBB@#<U"UV?#729O)V^9J=ZGF^3C?MBM#MW^2-V-V=OG/MW9\
MN+=NF/AGX''Q,^(FA^'6UC0O#XUR^AL3J>MW7V33=/\`,<)YUQ+@^7"F=S-@
MX4$X-&H6NSX:Z3-Y.WS-3O4\WR<;]L5H=N_R1NQNSM\Y]N[/EQ;MTV'7GNG4
MJ8:I3HRY)/G2E:]FV[.ST=GK9[[%2/VT_93^#?[;'PXU[2O#/[4LWAK7OV8+
M2:3_`(2>;X@:IHVO6MS"S'R-LQDDOWF:X:$6X+?+(T0"C 6OG/P+\-M+^$>A
MS:!HD\EQHMG?WLE at TBE76WENI9HT;)))5)%4L>6VYP,X'YOZ-J$FD:]IMY#?
M?V7)97L%PM[Y'G_8]DJMYOEG[^S&[;_%C'>OMC3_`!QXVN-/@DL_$7A6^LY(
MU:"YET6262XC(^5V>.Z2-F88)9$523D*HP!_G/XG\$8KA'.7]>KX>,<5",W#
M"X26$P[J1E4YJCI^UQ'-7DIVJ5.=.45!.*Y4W]%3SG"PHJ$^9:Z.3<K*RTC[
MJLNMM;O4[SXQWMIIWPB\57%_9?VE8V^CW<ES:><8?M48A<M'O7E=RY&X<C.:
M\"\,^#K_`$#Q%XEU31KJ;X?MXC MI;+PU=)]G%N((D ^>!560.LKK)&B.OG-
MAN37:ZYXU\<>-=-M_!-[X;\/ZQ<>-);C0Q=6&LR:?B*2&=VF,<L$HCV01LS 
M/*<K\H;(6N;?X2_&3X?Z5YWBY?A[I=A]LDTI-5OM1DM[>)EB9X[^XD171+>1
MD\L!A$YEEC7:FX5\WD^/P'.L+.K#GJ-*,7)>]=V5HM_S+JKZ'O9'FF7>UYJL
MM791MYW3\_Z9C?"7P?XM\+^,/%CZIJD/B6UU2VFU,6^GZ.7U&ZNI+RV::X\B
M"WD?`,C*2K@*K(, at 8C/'?LX:#?>#OVK;R/Q9_P`+6^&$?Q&-Q8:-J>GBYT:]
M2XEO8)$0N/O1M\L;`JZJTR$A<"1?M[X-?L1>'?A_X7NEUZ?_`(2CQ5>W+74_
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MPKK&L>%+[Q):PPR>'],NX[&>7S!YAD?;\P7KM5GC!_ZZ`C(#%:]>U_MC2V>B
M:3X7\,:;:Z;:6,<TNI26UN at C:W*_+&0JX"J[2RGD?,4.#PV?%*_3_!;BC-N(
M\HKYUF>D:M63I1_E at K*R\KIV\[WUU?G9)F4\PPBQDH\JDWRKJHIV5^[;3?16
M:MW-SX8VOV[XE>'H?)^T>=J=LGE>3YWFYE4;=GDS;\]-ODRYZ>6_W3AUN?#&
MU^W?$KP]#Y/VCSM3MD\KR?.\W,JC;L\F;?GIM\F7/3RW^Z<.OUJ/\>7I'\Y'
ML= HHHKH)"BBB@`K[U_X()6OV/\`X+ at _`5/)\C<F_;Y/E9W>'IFW8\F+.[.[
M=L.[.[S)L^<_P57WK_P02M?L?_!<'X"IY/D;DW[?)\K.[P],V['DQ9W9W;MA
MW9W>9-GSG^6XP_Y%.+_Z\5O_`$DWP_\`$CZH_?W_`()W?\GS_M'?]@KPC_Z+
MU2OLZOC'_ at G=_P`GS_M'?]@KPC_Z+U2OLZOXFI_"CZ.6["BBBJ)"BBB@`HHH
MH **** "BBB@`HHHH **** "BBB@`HHHH **** "BBB@`HHHH _)G_ at XF_Y1
M:?%#_L'^&_\`TNTROYI:_I:_X.)O^46GQ0_[!_AO_P!+M,K^:6OZ:\#?^1%6
M_P"OTO\`TBF>3FG\5>B_-GH7[)'Q8T[X"_M6?#'QUK$-[<Z3X+\6:5KM]#9H
MKW$L%K>13R+&K,JERJ$*&9021D@<UB_&[X3ZE\!/C/XN\"ZQ-97.K>"]:O-"
MOIK-V>WEGM9W at D:-F56*%D)4LJD at C(!XKEZ]J_;I_P"*B^)OA?QE#_I%E\0/
M!6 at ZP-0;_6ZQ?16$6GZM=2Y_>-.^L66IB220;II%>;+K*LC_`&V(_P!FXGHU
M%I'$49PDWLYT9QG2BG_,XU<1+E6LHQ;M:#:Y8^]1:[._W[_DOZ9XK7U_^QQ^
MP9X>\3?#+2_%OCBVN-6O/$%G+-;Z7+(HL[2VG7$4G[L[FE,1WJY8%/-&%61 
MX^0*^_\`_ at FUXKTO4OV8-*T.UOH+C5/#<US#J%L#B2V,MS-+$67^Z\; AAD$
MAAG*L!^*_2<Q^:X7)L,\#4E"E*<HU.5M)W2<%)KII*R[GU_ F'PU;'2CB(J3
M4;QOWNNG5V/=/#/A?3?!_AI=/TC3K'2]/MGQ%;6=NL$,6XNS;550JY8DG&,D
MDX/46:D4?Z'(<?QJ,XZ<-WQ_4?0]HZ_A:I)M)O>WZL_9*:2;2[_HCB/A3_R/
MGQ,_[&6'_P!,^FUV]>2^%_A=IOC;XF_$FZO+KQ%#+'X@@B"V'B"_T^,@:1IQ
MR8[>9$+?,?F(W$8&< `='_PS[H/_`#_^-_\`PL]8_P#DJNO$1H\RYI._+'HO
MY5_>1S4)5>5\L5:\NK_F?D'[/W_(AW__`&,NO_\`IXO*[>O&/BC\+M%^"7 at N
MUUK1;KQA9M9^(-,EDCB\0:K>+,)]5MQ<@VWG.)FE$LN5V,SM(>"QKL/^&@M!
M_P"?#QO_`.$9K'_R+1B,.ZS=>@G)2;Z;;/HWW"C65)*C6:3277?IU2['$?'_
M`/8DN/CU\5M#USPI;Z1%XBNDFTV_CN$(_M,20F."3(BF!EA8@#]UO96 $L1C
MC9?D/Q[\.M=^%WB*32?$.E7ND:A'D^5<1E?,4,R;T/1T+*P#J2IP<$U][0_M
M1>'_``D7U9U\;:8NEQO>->'PEK$(M!&I?S2_V7Y-FW=NXVXSD8R,G_ at X!\&7
M&E?M#^%M>\Z:WTWQ)ILLEKICQF/[,T;J)+ at KG"R3%@2"H;")O^;*I_?'T%_&
MG-,NXLH>&^.IIX?&PK5*4Y<RG&="*FZ<=&FI1G*6ME'D>MVD_P`H\2,CPTZ4
MLTP\O>BXJ25FO>NN;RU5O-OU/@6NT^"WQWUWX%ZQ>W&D_8KRRU6V:TU'3-0B
M,]CJ,15AMECR-V-QP00>6&2K,K<717^MF:95@\RPD\#CZ:J4IJTHR5T^J^::
M336J:33329^-4ZDH2YH.S-KXA:WH_B/QA>7F at Z'_`,(WI,VSR-.^V/>?9\(H
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M?4_WZG_ at G^=,K[+^7ZF-1117H$A1110`5LWUMM^'VES>3M\S4;Q/-\K&_$=J
M=N_RANQNSM\U]N[.R/=NEQJV;ZVV_#[2YO)V^9J-XGF^5C?B.U.W?Y0W8W9V
M^:^W=G9'NW2^?C/XU#_&_P#TW,J.S_KJC&HHHKT"0HHHH *V?#%MY^B>(F\G
MS/)T]'W>5O\`*_TNW7=GRGV=<;MT7WMN\[O*DQJV?#%MY^B>(F\GS/)T]'W>
M5O\`*_TNW7=GRGV=<;MT7WMN\[O*D\_,_P""O\=/_P!.1*AO]_Y&-7L7[4/_
M`!2OPW^#/A#_`(\[S1O!PU?5["/B);W4[ZZOX+IMOR233:3+HVZ0%F$<<$3D
M-!Y<?E/AWP[J'B_Q!8Z3I-C>:IJNJ7$=I965I"T]Q=S2,$CBCC4%G=F(4*H)
M)( &:]*_;E\1:?XB_:\^(2Z)?6>I>&=%UF;0/#D]I,MQ;G1M/Q8Z:L<JD^<B
M65O;H)2S-(%#LSLQ8_'YY_M?%>68&7PT85\3=;J<8PP]-2W2A*&)KNUDY2IQ
M<96A.,NBG[M"<N]H_+=_BE]_H>4U^CW_``;)_"S_`(33]NV_UB6W^W:?I>BW
M.GW]H]IYT+P7<$P+RGH$W1+&0P(8S 9'`;\X:_5__ at VVT@?"KP3\7/BL&TN^
MOH#;>&M&TZYC7S6U2;FW>,LRY4K+,)-K*RQJY&X,VW\5^FQG4LN\%\[5.?)4
MK0A1BWLW5JP at U?:/NN7O.UM[WL>EPW1]IF5)6O9W^Y?YGZ@^$/V at OB#X6L9-
M'\,:EX1F\.>$8WT30_M.E7,L>L6L<<(MKF2?S8RS!5V%X5$3%I&42+Y9' _$
M?QQKDOBSQ9J'B*V1I?$2?;(M1TJUFCM8V2UAMRCKYI: @1*V]IE0 at L?,CVG'
M3>$]#_X1?PMINF^;Y_\`9UK%:^9MV^9L0+NQDXSC.,FCQ=-]G\)ZI)YGE>7:
M2MO\SR]F$/.[?'MQZ^8F/[R]1_R]_P#$>,[K9PZ51QJX64^6,7&,7:ZY9<ZB
MI7NN:TKKWI)KX7'^I9<$X+ZFMXU$KMW;UZJUVO+3LO.]/X%?%Z?]GM+B[2]T
M[6O NNZ]<:KJEQ:63375 at DJ%#(CI,5>.-XX]X$;-M\P at 9&!];^&_$5GXO\.Z
M?JVG3?:-/U2VCN[678R>;%(H=&PP!&5(." 1W%? ?B'X;>,M86]\`^#3H,OB
M3QE-<WL]]()I$MHY<^9<SV_2*!"4CXF+.!A/WC?+]M_"?PW)\'?@CH6EZYJD
M,C>'-)BBO;V61$@B$48W$-M0") "`S '8H+$MDG]*XP_L['X##YSA:JG5K-V
M2T<J:6DW'E7VKP3TD^76":/SUX>KAJ\L-55N7\_O?37]3\^O^"YG_!23X=_L
MK?$GP[X<\2ZI]NU>STLW\&B:1%]JU1S/,J.9!N$<*A$C=3,T>X"3:7(VC\</
MVJ_^"O?BK]I7X47GA#2_"5EX)TW6HC!JL_\`:TM]>3Q>9&WE1LB0K&CJLD<@
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M-Y.WS-3O4\WR<;]L5H=N_P`D;L;L[?.?;NSY<6[=-AUSX7X'ZR_]*94MPKZ0
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MZ-C*BO9?!/[-O at 7X':=8ZA:QW&GP^&XQ=M//JDT5FLD=G]FDO)8`ZVWG-!NW
MR^6"<LQ.237^;>:<*0Q6*I5Z]9I1C!<BC:2>K:<M+7;NG[[]YJRY4G]=D_ ^
M,QE*%:HU3CIOON[Z;W[7M?ND<RFI_%GX/?LO^,KZUN/#>BQZ'HK7'A_1[A3J
M-QX=MHH8,PM=HB1S&*-+ at 1J\+Y?R]\\JY#>6_P#!2/X9^#_A;\'?AGX>TC48
M8-4\)R-96NF"XA6XGLYX7,MW+$JAF9IK5"9 %4N\F06(QZ9^T#\0- ^/W[./
MBBWTGQEJ'A&QALK'4+_4;S3+JRCETVXFV[@)H%>:.:-)@BPE?-=5CW[797_/
M.TGNK\R7FH3376HWTC7%U<3.7FN)'8L6=F^9F))))R<DU_4OA/PCF_$W$6!Q
MV)Q,J4<NE[1Q<9-R^&,8-R:=Y1YE=N4K-MWZ]O&5&E2E2C0DW%)I>]S7TM?=
M[;>>RV)J]N_8BL[9]7\43M;AKZ)+5$N"5.V%_,.Q1MW+ET);YB&^3@;<GQ&H
M;K3H+UE:6)'92""1_GCVZ5_6WBKP/6XMX?GD^'J^RE*49<SO;W7JFENFNFU[
M/H?F><Y;_:&"J8-SY.>VMKVLT]KJ][6WZG:_'WQ8_C+XQZY<;IOL]A+_`&9;
MK(JJ46 E7QMZ at S&4 at DYP1TZ#D*;%$L"!4544= HP!3J^BX.X<I9!DF&R>D[J
MC!1OM=[R?SDV^^NIUX/"PPU"&'I[022^2M?U>[\S<^&-K]N^)7AZ'R?M'G:G
M;)Y7D^=YN95&W9Y,V_/3;Y,N>GEO]TX=;GPQM?MWQ*\/0^3]H\[4[9/*\GSO
M-S*HV[/)FWYZ;?)EST\M_NG#KW8_QY>D?SD=70****Z"0HHHH *^]?\`@@E:
M_8_^"X/P%3R?(W)OV^3Y6=WAZ9MV/)BSNSNW;#NSN\R;/G/\%5]Z_P#!!*U^
MQ_\`!<'X"IY/D;DW[?)\K.[P],V['DQ9W9W;MAW9W>9-GSG^6XP_Y%.+_P"O
M%;_TDWP_\2/JC]_?^"=W_)\_[1W_`&"O"/\`Z+U2OLZOC'_ at G=_R?/\`M'?]
M at KPC_P"B]4K[.K^)J?PH^CENPHHHJB0HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BB
MB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`/RA_P"#A75+K2/^"7?Q2FM+B>UE;2_#
M\#/#(49HY+O38Y$)'\+(S*PZ%6(/!-?S<W7Q/\2WWG>=XAUR;[1YGF[[^5O-
M\SS]^[+<[OM5UG/7[3-G_6-G^C[_`(.)O^46GQ0_[!_AO_TNTROYI:_I3P0H
M4YY'6<XI_OI;K^Y3/+S1OVJ]%^;-RZ^)_B6^\[SO$.N3?:/,\W??RMYOF>?O
MW9;G=]JNLYZ_:9L_ZQL^Q>-_'>N?$;]AOPKKZZSJMYK'@OQ1J7AC7KG[7)&T
M6GZC"]]I<4HR!.TMQ+XL8R8>0++(DK!'@0^ U[5^S!_Q7OP>^,O@%_\`2KC4
M?#D?BW0[#_5^9JFC3B>6X\S@#R=$FU]MCL$?=@*\PMP/MN,L+1H8?#YE&"OA
MZU.;NERJ$W[&K*?:,*-6I4;NE%Q4Y-QC)/DP\FVX=T_\U;U:2/,;KXG^);[S
MO.\0ZY-]H\SS=]_*WF^9Y^_=EN=WVJZSGK]IFS_K&S]&?\$TOBUKFL_&_P`2
MZ1?:C=:DNI:*;^:6[GDFF1HKMB K,V-KO?7+N""2S9R"6W?*]0WEA#?IMFC6
M0=L]1]#UKG\1."UQ%D-;*L,XTYSLU)QV::?2S6UKZZ-Z'7E&8_4L7#$M<RCT
MOOI;S/U'\4?M>> ?!^KW&EZEXLMTN8;R&SNI8TEGMK*>5IT6*XN$1HH')CFR
MLLB$!7)&`2/&?B+_`,%5]"TO5E@\)Z+J'BJU&[S;ZXNFTV!\@$>6&C>1^7D5
MMZ)@J<;@V:^/-'TN.V^&&K216RJL>IV2>:(,[-T5WQYGDG&[;G'G)NV9\N7;
MNAQZ_&>'_HSY;3JJ>;8J=515G&/NIRWOS7YK*]K63ZWZ'TF*XYQ4TU0A&%W>
M]KNW;73IV/?;W_ at I+\2O[7UF>Q?1[6WU74DOHH;B.>[:RB58D^S(S2A?+=8V
MWD(I+3S.NPL-OL7[-/\`P4>A\:6?B&/XDW^@>&;G38S>6D\$DL<6H0`'S$6-
MV<F52<[58M)YI"H=K$_$%0WEC%?Q%9$5N" 2!E<^E?6<4^ /#F,RV5#*J;H5
ME;EDI2=[6NGS.6Z72UGKW1Y^!XLQU"LJE27/'6Z:5M?2W4_2"\_:33XF?LRZ
M5X]M;J\\.Z;>^(+ -)<7GE-%:)KD5O(TK at A55XA(77)4+(ZDL,D^P:=X at 37=
M- at O+.^6\L[R)9H9X9O,CGC<$AU8$AE8,2"."&]Z_,/\`9M^,/_"G+S^R+Z^U
M(>%]0U+3+Z>%4\Z*VGM]3LYS<%1\X_T>*93Y8)8B,%3M!7Z/UK]K3X-Z!XSF
ME\->-/%OA?\`X2*YEO=:N=&TK=9+/L4++/#=V\FR23&-UM%EVYE)PK#^0^+_
M``[SG),9+ U:4W9N491C*4.5Q4K<UM>5*2;5]8M=VOT3*>(<+B*:K5'%.R33
M:3O=JZ6VNCZ6770^J]=\70>$M U+5M2NI(=/TNSGO+N4AI/+BCC=W;:H9CA=
MYP`3R?7-?&_[;'[<NJ?M<_$33?$%CYWAW3I-"L8I=*T^ZFCLHIVM"DZK$P7&
MU9GMB<'>L9P=KA1R/Q$_:,7XF:MXDT?3M<\;^*+.\M9DCGU:VM8[1K*"SNYG
MQ:PV[*)/M"6\RW+0)*J#87M1$TS>4Z#,9](@9L<+MX]CC^E?W%]!KPEHX?/L
M3G^?49?6:=*4*49QDDH5'3<Y6DE=MJ,5=65I==OSWQ"S]8F,,/A;<E[NUM6K
MVU79>?4Z6Y^(OB"\\[SM=UF7[1O\W?>R-YF_SM^[+<[OM-QG/7[1+G[[9+GX
MB^(+SSO.UW69?M&_S=][(WF;_.W[LMSN^TW&<]?M$N?OMG&HK_3[^R<#_P`^
M8?\`@*_R/ROVDNYLW/Q%\07GG>=KNLR_:-_F[[V1O,W^=OW9;G=]IN,YZ_:)
M<_?;,UYXS\4SZ=]LN-6U][2^DFA\^2ZF,=P^)#,NXG#-B\E+#DXNWS_K#G K
MZ4_X)YZUJGQ1U_4/@S)HLVO>&_'4<QD2VMO-N=.N#&%2>/Y&RS.L**&!Q+Y)
M7!RK_(<=8_#\/9-6SN&$IU(4%SU$^6#5):U)1;BTY0C[RB[<]G%-2:.C"Q=6
MHJ;DTWHNNO0\C^&7Q-\4'XHZ!-#K^OM=-JL#JR7<TDCNTLA)`V2EF8W-QQY4
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MV3@?^?,/_ 5_D<OM)=S9MOB+X at L_)\G7=9B^S[/*V7LB^7L\G9MPW&W[-;XQ
MT^SQ8^XN"V^(OB"S\GR==UF+[/L\K9>R+Y>SR=FW#<;?LUOC'3[/%C[BXQJ*
M/[)P/_/F'_@*_P`@]I+N;-M\1?$%GY/DZ[K,7V?9Y6R]D7R]GD[-N&XV_9K?
M&.GV>+'W%QL^,?'GB#2-;LUAUC6;/R=/TYXE2XDAV8M+-D90$B_Y][<A at ISY
M,3!Y=JRMQM;/CJV^RZW OD^3G3[%]OE>5G=:0MNQY47WLYW;3NSNWRY\U_/J
M93@?KU/]S#X)_97>GY%^TERO7M^H6WQ%\06?D^3KNLQ?9]GE;+V1?+V>3LVX
M;C;]FM\8Z?9XL?<7!;?$7Q!9^3Y.NZS%]GV>5LO9%\O9Y.S;AN-OV:WQCI]G
MBQ]Q<8U%>A_9.!_Y\P_\!7^1'M)=S9MOB+X at L_)\G7=9B^S[/*V7LB^7L\G9
MMPW&W[-;XQT^SQ8^XN"V^(OB"S\GR==UF+[/L\K9>R+Y>SR=FW#<;?LUOC'3
M[/%C[BXQJ*/[)P/_`#YA_P" K_(/:2[FS;?$7Q!9^3Y.NZS%]GV>5LO9%\O9
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M^SRME[(OE[/)V;<-QM^S6^,=/L\6/N+ at MOB+X@L_)\G7=9B^S[/*V7LB^7L\
MG9MPW&W[-;XQT^SQ8^XN,:BC^R<#_P`^8?\`@*_R#VDNYLVWQ%\06?D^3KNL
MQ?9]GE;+V1?+V>3LVX;C;]FM\8Z?9XL?<7&SX/\`'GB"+1-=:'6-9'V'3X7B
M9+B0_9MEW8*C*0C^7M\BW 8-%CR8E#G:L3\;6SX8MO/T3Q$WD^9Y.GH^[RM_
ME?Z7;KNSY3[.N-VZ+[VW>=WE2>?F>4X'V*_<P^.G]E?\_(^1<*DK[]_R/7/V
M&O&FL:9\>+3Q/<:MJ7]G_#/2KWQBIN+I_P"STNM,M5N-,ANLG MY]1M-)M"F
M4:0O!%&RR&(CR.V^(OB"S\GR==UF+[/L\K9>R+Y>SR=FW#<;?LUOC'3[/%C[
MBX])^'W_`!;+]C;Q[X at D^2\^)6H6O at C3DD^>*YLK26WU;4Y%"\QS0SQ:"JM(
M0K1WLX5)&5GA\=KY'AG*\'C<^S3-/91Y(RI8:%HIQDJ$95)S3M9R5;$5:,[:
M1E0Y7:49);UIRC2A"^NK^_3\DFO4V;;XB^(+/R?)UW68OL^SRME[(OE[/)V;
M<-QM^S6^,=/L\6/N+C]7?^",G at W5IOV0-/USQ1(-1\*ZUXVM+*VMOL0;[8Z6
MUW;P>;,0I8V[1D%,N/)GB4_*B1C\G?!.A6_BCQEI.F7FH0Z3::C>PVL]]-CR
M[-'=5:5LE1M0$L<L!@=1UK^B3X ?`6Q_9S\`_!OP'HLRQ^'M/\)MXKQ%,L<U
M]?W6R%I+F$,1E8&15D"('<SL"2TBC^'_`-I5QYEG#OAY'(J--1KXISJ7C'E:
MIT:<F^6=O=FZDJ:3C>4%>5E9,^R\/L#4Q.:0ET32UU6K6ZZJR>G78]0F\(Z3
M<>9YFEZ?)YN[?NMD._=YF[/'.?.FSZ^:_P#>.<WQKX7TG_A$]8DDT_3UW6D[
M.[1(O5)MQ+;H\9\Z;)\Q/]:_S+N)KHJYOQQX]T72M,U*QFUK2[74%MG40/?)
M#,K%,KP98V!.01\Z=0=R]1_S.Y'7S/$8ZG'#RJ3:DF^5R=DFKMVV2[[']88J
M-"%)N:2T:UMV/R4_:W_X*%_$C]E__ at H)XD\2Z'8V<_A.ZW65A%?:5_H.K6SQ
MDSR()%,9F:.ZDB=MC AE\Q'=0:[/_ at K;_P`%;V^),'A/2_"WAFW\,^(;[PQY
MNNA[=+:;2+B[>>5]GE,)DN&\U9MLK'RG=B!(9&D/%_\`!9_]JWP[J/Q;TNW^
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M_E^5LOY5\KR_(V;<-QM^RVN,=/LT./\`5KC#HKH^J4/Y%]R#F9N6OQ/\2V/D
M^3XAUR'[/Y?E;+^5?*\OR-FW#<;?LMKC'3[-#C_5K at M?B?XEL?)\GQ#KD/V?
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MGZ0_`3]K30O$?P'\*ZUXH\:>&]/U6\MOL]VUQJD=MNNX0 at F!601;9!^[=D5=
MJ[TVEDV.VMXH_;1^&O at VPBN+CQ]H=PLDHB1-.N_[0E!QN!\NWWN%`0?,1M!"
MC.2*_,46\:S-((T$C#!;;\Q_&GU_+$?HMT95G.KF,E'F;Y8P7PWT5W+1V\FE
MYGWT>/JL::@J,6TDKM];;_TSVS6/VG=4\3^#/$.A^#[.Z\(^#=%A at OK""*26
M;4)#%=V$=O-=7++,ZM'Y40C"R0B(+%'YLGEQQOY?:_$_Q+8^3Y/B'7(?L_E^
M5LOY5\KR_(V;<-QM^RVN,=/LT./]6N#PG:_:- \3OY/F>1IB/N\GS/)_TRV7
M=GR9-GWMN[?#][;YAW>3+AU_0?"G".69'A'@<'"Z3UE+WI2?+&\I-ZMO[ET/
MB\9C*N(J>TJ/7RT279):)&Y:_$_Q+8^3Y/B'7(?L_E^5LOY5\KR_(V;<-QM^
MRVN,=/LT./\`5K at M?B?XEL?)\GQ#KD/V?R_*V7\J^5Y?D;-N&XV_9;7&.GV:
M''^K7&'17T_U2A_(ON1R\S-RU^)_B6Q\GR?$.N0_9_+\K9?RKY7E^1LVX;C;
M]EM<8Z?9H<?ZM<%K\3_$MCY/D^(=<A^S^7Y6R_E7RO+\C9MPW&W[+:XQT^S0
MX_U:XPZ*/JE#^1?<@YF=Q\)OB)XE_P"%E>&(8=;UQMNIV:11)<RR?=EM0BJ@
MCFW8^RVH"B&7_CWA`C?8JUAVOQ/\2V/D^3XAUR'[/Y?E;+^5?*\OR-FW#<;?
MLMKC'3[-#C_5K@^&-K]N^)7AZ'R?M'G:G;)Y7D^=YN95&W9Y,V_/3;Y,N>GE
MO]TX=<\<)0]O+W%M'HN\@YG8W+7XG^);'R?)\0ZY#]G\ORME_*OE>7Y&S;AN
M-OV6UQCI]FAQ_JUP6OQ/\2V/D^3XAUR'[/Y?E;+^5?*\OR-FW#<;?LMKC'3[
M-#C_`%:XPZ*Z/JE#^1?<@YF;EK\3_$MCY/D^(=<A^S^7Y6R_E7RO+\C9MPW&
MW[+:XQT^S0X_U:X+7XG^);'R?)\0ZY#]G\ORME_*OE>7Y&S;AN-OV6UQCI]F
MAQ_JUQAT4?5*'\B^Y!S,W+7XG^);'R?)\0ZY#]G\ORME_*OE>7Y&S;AN-OV6
MUQCI]FAQ_JUQ]W?\$&_&.N'_`(+7? ?3YM3U5;.2W"-;/+)'&\9\.C *&.(%
M2+>V(.PAA!$?,FVK*WYZU]Z_\$$K7['_`,%P?@*GD^1N3?M\GRL[O#TS;L>3
M%G=G=NV'=G=YDV?.?Y?B["T5E6*:@OX%;HOY3;#R?M(^J/W]_P""=W_)\_[1
MW_8*\(_^B]4K[.KXQ_X)W?\`)\_[1W_8*\(_^B]4K[.K^+:?PH^BENPHHHJB
M0HHHH **** "BBB@`HHHH **** "BBB@`HHHH **** "BBB@`HHHH **** /
MR9_X.)O^46GQ0_[!_AO_`-+M,K^:6OZ6O^#B;_E%I\4/^P?X;_\`2[3*_FEK
M^FO W_D15O\`K]+_`-(IGDYI_%7HOS85VO[.7Q at _X4%\=O"GC"33O[:LM!U*
M*?4=(:?R(M<L2=MWI\K;7'D7-NTMO(K(ZM',ZLCJ2IXJBOUK,,!0QV%JX+%1
MYJ=2,H25VKQDFFKIIJZ;5TTUT9Y\).,E*.Z.U_:2^$'_``SU^T5X^\ _VA_;
M'_"#^(]1\/\`V_[/]G^V_9+F2#SO+W-LW^7NV[FVYQDXS7%5[5^TE_Q<?X$_
M"+XC?>O;O3;CP)K,LGR2W=]H at MU@D5%_=K FCWNBVRL-K/):7#.A8^=-XK7C
M\(X^OB\II3Q<N:M#FIU)624JE*4J522227+*<)..D?=:O&+]U:8B*C4:CMNO
M1ZK\&;FGVN_X:ZM-Y.[R]3LD\WR<[-T5V=N_R3MSMSM\Y-VW/ER[=T.'6YI]
MKO\`AKJTWD[O+U.R3S?)SLW179V[_).W.W.WSDW;<^7+MW0X=>Y1^.IZ_P#M
ML3)A11170(*=I5GI]QXHTY=5U:?0]+N)EAO+Z*Q^VFV0YVN8MREE#'YMIW8)
M(#$!2VBO)SO+9X_!3PU*JZ4VO=G'XH2Z26J]&KV:;3T;1I1J*$U)JZ[/9^1T
MOAK1M%@^(>L6WAVXU#6]'BL;YH+R\L0DEXR:<YDN%B\F;9&9%=TRH9$VEI(6
M4S(WPC+OTYUW9*R'C/0$#_Z]0?#VU^V:_<)Y/G[=,U!]OD^;C;9S-NQY,N-N
M-V[8-N-WF0X\Y(O"%QY=Y)'\N)%SSU)'I^9_*ON?`^DLCSG#8"=1S7(J;D]Y
M-\S3?FY6OZG-FLO;4Y32MK>RV7H=#1117]LGS!UOP=^ _C']H'Q3#HO at OP[J
MGB+4II$A6*TBRH=]VQ6<X56?:P4,06(P,G K[U\7_ ;X<_\`!,+]G?PGX^74
M/$%S\:K"]CLM1TVTN=1TIK2]CG+LC7*LJE1Y7F+&8,8AVR$.!OO?LN_\%KO 
M_P"Q_P#LVWVC^%/ <%CXBUS2;K3[=+%Y?M6 at D.!&#=L4&V0;I=\2,_FN'D+F
M-4;\Z?B+X]U'XH^.=5\0ZM)YFH:O<M<2X9F6/)X1-Q)"(N%4$G"JH[5_(+R_
MQ"\3>(*N"X at PU3)\EPE3X%.]7'I<T9TZLH22A0>_[N_-HX5)Q:DO?YL)@J2E
M2:J5)+>VD>S5^OK]R/4_VBOVL/$W[=G[8O\`PGOBF&%K[6]5AC at L(8VN([2W
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M4[=_E#=C=G;YK[=V=D>[=+Y^,_C4/\;_`/3<RH[/^NJ,:BBBO0)"BBB@`K9\
M,6WGZ)XB;R?,\G3T?=Y6_P`K_2[==V?*?9UQNW1?>V[SN\J3&KU;]CCX2:?\
M;/C NAZW]LA\,QVXU+Q'>VB*;C2]&M9X;G4KN,M!-AX;**X<`!6<J$7S&<6\
MWS?%V<8?*<HK9IC+JE02J3LKOEA)2E9=79.RZFV'INI44([O3[RY^T__`,6_
M^'_PN^'4/[O^Q/#T7BK50GSP7.I:Y'#?+/&[?/\`\@K^Q8'3"HLMI+L4[FFE
M\=KI?C-\4]0^.7QA\6>-M6AL[?5?&&LWFMWL5HC);Q37,[S2+&&9F"!G( 9F
M(&,DGFN:KGX'R?$9;D=##XVWMY)U*UG=>VJRE5K<O]WVLY\JV4;+H/%5%.JW
M';9>BT7X(] _95M-/N?VB_!\FK:Q9:%I]CJ*:A+>7;JD*?9\SA&9F4+O:,("
M3P7!P>A_H(_9F\6V_C^RUO6&M-.T_4))+6Q:ULWD,<%K;6D4%NH61W?&U'^9
MF)8[N3C _"7]A3X7>"?C#\6&T7Q=:ZI?3R1F6QMX;N.WM90L<AE$IWK,S#]V
M46$D\,6&Q6(_=C]G?P+I_ at OQ'XRCT>XU"ZTNWO(=+634+8VMU)/;Q_Z0[0D9
MB1I)&*(QWJN ^&!S_CC^UMS3`U\'#!\]2->C2AHXI4Y1E7INT9)WDWO)222=
M).%WSV_7?"&$UF$9633YO5>Z]?TT[ZA^V+\5)O at S\$+W7K?Q1I?A*Y at F2*&^
MU&!);4N^559-[*H7)#?>4MLVA at 6!K\/_`-KC]K+4OVU/VP[37+A8Y]+AU.*Q
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MI[[?)\K.ZSA;=CR8L[L[MVP[L[O,FSYSX=<^$_ at 0]%^0Y;A11170(**** -S
M4+79\-=)F\G;YFIWJ>;Y.-^V*T.W?Y(W8W9V^<^W=GRXMVZ;#K<U"UV?#729
MO)V^9J=ZGF^3C?MBM#MW^2-V-V=OG/MW9\N+=NFPZY\+\#]9?^E,J6X4445T
M$A1110!N>$[7[1H'B=_)\SR-,1]WD^9Y/^F6R[L^3)L^]MW;X?O;?,.[R9<.
MMSPG:_:-`\3OY/F>1IB/N\GS/)_TRV7=GR9-GWMN[?#][;YAW>3+AUST?CJ>
MO_ML1L****Z!!1110!N?#&U^W?$KP]#Y/VCSM3MD\KR?.\W,JC;L\F;?GIM\
MF7/3RW^Z<.MSX8VOV[XE>'H?)^T>=J=LGE>3YWFYE4;=GDS;\]-ODRYZ>6_W
M3AUSQ_CR](_G(KH%%%%=!(4444 %?>O_``02M?L?_!<'X"IY/D;DW[?)\K.[
MP],V['DQ9W9W;MAW9W>9-GSG^"J^]?\`@@E:_8_^"X/P%3R?(W)OV^3Y6=WA
MZ9MV/)BSNSNW;#NSN\R;/G/\MQA_R*<7_P!>*W_I)OA_XD?5'[^_\$[O^3Y_
MVCO^P5X1_P#1>J5]G5\8_P#!.[_D^?\`:._[!7A'_P!%ZI7V=7\34_A1]'+=
MA1115$A1110`4444`%%%% !1110`4444`%%%% !1110`4444`%%%% !1110`
M4444`?DS_P`'$W_*+3XH?]@_PW_Z7:97\TM?TM?\'$W_`"BT^*'_`&#_``W_
M`.EVF5_-+7]->!O_`"(JW_7Z7_I%,\G-/XJ]%^;"BBBOV8\T]J_90_XN;X.^
M(GPG;]_>^.--AU7PQ;-\JS>(=-=I;905_>R3SV,VK6-O`H<376HVRE-VR6+Q
M6KOAKQ+J7 at SQ%I^L:/J%[I.K:3<QWEC?6<[07%G/&P>.6.12&1U8!E92"" 0
M017I_P"U5X;T[Q+?:?\`%3POI]EI?A'XD7-PWV"T at 6UAT/6H8;675=.AMU $
M5K%->1R6P4R*+2YM5:0SQW$<?Q]/_A-SV<'_``\;[R?:M3 at HRC_V_1A&45LO
M8U&_B1T?'2OUC^3?Z-_BCS_3[7?\-=6F\G=Y>IV2>;Y.=FZ*[.W?Y)VYVYV^
M<F[;GRY=NZ'#K<T^UW_#75IO)W>7J=DGF^3G9NBNSMW^2=N=N=OG)NVY\N7;
MNAPZ^HH_'4]?_;8F#"BBBN at 04444`;GP]M?MFOW">3Y^W3-0?;Y/FXVV<S;L
M>3+C;C=NV#;C=YD./.3+TJZ^Q:C#(<;5;DD=`>#^E:GP]M?MFOW">3Y^W3-0
M?;Y/FXVV<S;L>3+C;C=NV#;C=YD./.3#IX'%5,+CUB:7Q0Y)+U4FU^*"45*'
M*_,[BBJ>@WOV[3(V9MSK\C?4?_6Q5RO[MRW,*6.PE/&4?AJ14E\U>S\UL_,^
M5J1<9.+Z!1117<2;/PZMOMGQ!T*'R?M'FZC;IY7E>=YF9%&W9Y4V[/3;Y4F>
MFQ_NG&K9^'5M]L^(.A0^3]H\W4;=/*\KSO,S(HV[/*FW9Z;?*DSTV/\`=.-7
MGT_]^J?X(?G4*^ROG^@4445Z!(4444 %;/CJV^RZW OD^3G3[%]OE>5G=:0M
MNQY47WLYW;3NSNWRY\U\:MGQU;?9=;@7R?)SI]B^WRO*SNM(6W8\J+[V<[MI
MW9W;Y<^:_GU/]^I_X)_G3*^R_E^IC4445Z!(4444`%;-];;?A]I<WD[?,U&\
M3S?*QOQ':G;O\H;L;L[?-?;NSLCW;I<:MF^MMOP^TN;R=OF:C>)YOE8WXCM3
MMW^4-V-V=OFOMW9V1[MTOGXS^-0_QO\`]-S*CL_ZZHQJ***]`D**** "O=?A
MWI$?PI_8U\>:S>1S-K7Q4LXM'TNV._;#H]GJMA<7=_(@C)VRWT-G;6\NX0L;
M75(V(EBB5O+_`(/?"W4/C7\3M%\+:9-9V=QK%P(GO;UVCLM,A +S7ES(JL8K
M:")9)II<$1Q12.>%-=C\:_B5I_Q;\9^*)O#]G>6_ at WPWHT&C>%[2ZMU$UCIE
MO=6\<,DJHDL45S.6>XN6B:%)+J[N7#?OC%)^8\;3EF>983(:3]VG4HXFLUTC
M3K1="%]TZE>',NCA0JP?Q([</[D)57U3BOFM?N3^]H\IHHHK]..(]._8T\7_
M`/"$?M1>";S[/]J\[45T_9YFS;]I5K;?G!^[YN['?;C(SD?M7\/?V at +VP^$\
MWA6RM[ZZ\17<GV/219VJJJ+)L0*OEE7,Q8R$$*S%V4DGFOP,TW4KC1M1M[RS
MN)K6[M9%F at GA<QR0NI!5E8<JP(!!'((KW3X'_P#!1[XG?!C6]-G;6IM>M=.D
M61$O7/VJ,B42>9'=+^^648(5F9PF1\IVJ!_#?TO?HIUO%>KA,SPL:4ZF%4;0
MJ-Q<G"4IP2=G%*\FI)\O-&33E9)'UW"_$U3*7-0;7,FKKLU9_P":WLSB?VKO
M%GC/Q?\`'WQ)-X]NI+KQ';W;P3'$@A1 Q*^2'PWDL&WJ3RX?>26<L8_V<O!O
MAOQ?\0;5?$GB3^P8;>X@:WMXM'EU2XU24R#$,<2QNG(!'[P,"64>7("P':?M
M)?MS:C^T5H]SI=SX3\,V6GMM^QSRQ-=:EI_S1L_EW!*A=[1@';&,H=ISC->2
M?#JV^V?$'0H?)^T>;J-NGE>5YWF9D4;=GE3;L]-OE29Z;'^Z?Z/X=P6;2X)6
M7X_#++:U.ER*-&5*:@HP7P7A*G%/6+ARR45=1D])GS]:4/K//%\Z;O=WU]=;
M_,G^)^G>&M*\97D/A/4]4U;14D<07%]:+;2$!V"X`8[UV!#O98R23F-,8K@?
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MK+_TIE2W"BBBN at D**** -SPG:_:-`\3OY/F>1IB/N\GS/)_TRV7=GR9-GWMN
M[?#][;YAW>3+AUN>$[7[1H'B=_)\SR-,1]WD^9Y/^F6R[L^3)L^]MW;X?O;?
M,.[R9<.N>C\=3U_]MB-A11170(**** -SX8VOV[XE>'H?)^T>=J=LGE>3YWF
MYE4;=GDS;\]-ODRYZ>6_W3AUN?#&U^W?$KP]#Y/VCSM3MD\KR?.\W,JC;L\F
M;?GIM\F7/3RW^Z<.N>/\>7I'\Y%=`HHHKH)"BBB@`K[U_P"""5K]C_X+ at _ 5
M/)\C<F_;Y/E9W>'IFW8\F+.[.[=L.[.[S)L^<_P57WK_`,$$K7['_P`%P?@*
MGD^1N3?M\GRL[O#TS;L>3%G=G=NV'=G=YDV?.?Y;C#_D4XO_`*\5O_23?#_Q
M(^J/W]_X)W?\GS_M'?\`8*\(_P#HO5*^SJ^,?^"=W_)\_P"T=_V"O"/_`*+U
M2OLZOXFI_"CZ.6["BBBJ)"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`H
MHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`_*'_`(.%;N.R_P""7?Q2>2U at O%;2_#\8CF+A59KO
M355QL93N0D.N3MW*-P9<J?YN;KQ9I]QYVSPQH<'F>9MV2WA\G=Y^-NZ<_<\Z
M/&[/_'K#NW9F\W^FG_ at MS\$?%7[1W[ 7C[P9X)TEM=\3:SI^@?8K%;F&V,_E
M7.GS2?O)G2-<1QNWS,,[<#)(!_"*/_ at B-^U4=V[X1S+SQCQ-HQR/_ NOW3PE
MXDR?+\IJ4,PKJG.5632O):<D-=--T]^QY^84:DZB<5T_S/G.Z\6:?<>=L\,:
M'!YGF;=DMX?)W>?C;NG/W/.CQNS_`,>L.[=F;S2Z\6:?<>=L\,:'!YGF;=DM
MX?)W>?C;NG/W/.CQNS_QZP[MV9O-^V/#7_!N)^T-K. at 6=Y>:M\*=)N+R!)Y+
M&ZUJ\-Q8LR at F&0Q6<D1D0DJQC=D)!VLPP3 at _%#_ at W\_:2^'OV'^S-%\)^.OM
MGF>9_8&OQQ_8=NW'F_;UM<[]QV^7O^XV[;\N[]&P_B-PO5:BL4TWW]JOQ:M^
M/XG$\)673\CY%NO%FGW'G;/#&AP>9YFW9+>'R=WGXV[IS]SSH\;L_P#'K#NW
M9F\WU#X!_'#PNVE^)?A_XNT/0])\#^.O])>\B_M!VT#6+>WU)-*U#*3/(8()
M=0,<R>7.6M0Y6&2X".?4?V<?^"&O[0_[1?A636G\.Z5\/;$@?9D\:74VG7EY
M\\B/BVBAFFBV&,']^D6X2(R;U)(K?%;_`((>?M,?"N]UC9X"M_%>EZ/ ;DZE
MX>U>VN8[Q!$)'\BWE>*[D=?F3RQ;[W92$#Y4MR9IQ5PGFE&>75<8X\UK23FN
M646I1G&4DX\T))2BW=72NFM"H4:\'SJ/Y'CWC[P]<_#31O%&CZYX&T/3=2L]
M3LEWQ27-Q$D<]OJ,L$D%RKR1RP213P2PR)<>7/';6TBK<H9)*XBZ\6:?<>=L
M\,:'!YGF;=DMX?)W>?C;NG/W/.CQNS_QZP[MV9O-^U/V>?\`@FE\;?VS_ at 3I
M_A#Q%X-N/A_>>#YVL/"^M^*;3^RW%F);F\N+2YMG3[8;19[Z66.ZMXG;S[P0
MRI/'LETSAX_^"%'[5'E:C]H^&4-C-80+-'#/XETHM?DRQIY<)CN73=LD:7,C
M(A2)\.7*(_-E/B+D2E4PN98J,:\6[\LI\LXJR52GK*Z>CE%2FZ3DH2D])2=3
M"5=)06GRT\G_`%J?,=UXLT^X\[9X8T.#S/,V[);P^3N\_&W=.?N>='C=G_CU
MAW;LS>:77BS3[CSMGAC0X/,\S;LEO#Y.[S\;=TY^YYT>-V?^/6'=NS-YOT!^
MS%_P1\^/W[4.OZE9P>";[P#;Z5;)/+?>.;.\T2WF=VPL,(,#RRR8#L2B%$"_
M,ZEXP_K7B'_ at W%_:$T70+Z\MM4^%>KW%I;R316-IK=XMQ>NJDB*,RV<<0=R 
MH,CHF2-S*,D>QB/$+A>C4=.>+U7;VLE]\4T_D_+<SCA:S5^7\CXENO%FGW'G
M;/#&AP>9YFW9+>'R=WGXV[IS]SSH\;L_\>L.[=F;S2Z\6:?<>=L\,:'!YGF;
M=DMX?)W>?C;NG/W/.CQNS_QZP[MV9O-^CO\`AR+^U1_T26X_\*71?_DRO#?B
M[^S'\2/@!X4T?7/'7@#QCX/TC72%L[O5])FM8FD+S*(7++B*8_9Y6$4FV0QJ
M) IC9';T</Q=P[6ER0QD;^=1K\VB70JK[/X!X'\1:?JFOWR)X2T/]YIFINJH
M+R;R/]#OF#*&:?\`U?FQL&9/E^R0LTD?[Z9L.Z\6:?<>=L\,:'!YGF;=DMX?
M)W>?C;NG/W/.CQNS_P`>L.[=F;S6_#98]5URX$:)=JNFZ@^%B\[&VSF;=CR9
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M=TQ^[YJ8SG_CVBSNS+YF-17]#?V91[S_`/!E3_Y(\?G?])'<?#+Q1ITWQ1T#
M=X/T"]CDU6#-F_VV6.8-+)^Z*AY69?WJ+ at 1R$BWB!60F42X%MXGL8/)W>'='
MF\O9NWRW?[W;Y.=VV8?>\I\XQ_Q\RXVXB\L^'5M]L^(.A0^3]H\W4;=/*\KS
MO,S(HV[/*FW9Z;?*DSTV/]TXU>;2RJA_:%67-/X*?_+RI_-4Z<UNOSZ[(T=1
M\BVW?1>1LVWB>Q@\G=X=T>;R]F[?+=_O=ODYW;9A][RGSC'_`!\RXVXB\LMO
M$]C!Y.[P[H\WE[-V^6[_`'NWR<[MLP^]Y3YQC_CYEQMQ%Y>-17I?V91[S_\`
M!E3_`.2,^=_TD;-MXGL8/)W>'='F\O9NWRW?[W;Y.=VV8?>\I\XQ_P`?,N-N
M(O++;Q/8P>3N\.Z/-Y>S=OEN_P![M\G.[;,/O>4^<8_X^9<;<1>7C44?V91[
MS_\`!E3_`.2#G?\`21LVWB>Q@\G=X=T>;R]F[?+=_O=ODYW;9A][RGSC'_'S
M+C;B+R]GQCKUCIVMV:MX7T?Y-/TYV5Q=Q>=_HEFQ9 at IA_P!9Y;DL%^;[5*P>
M3]U*O&UL^.K;[+K<"^3Y.=/L7V^5Y6=UI"V['E1?>SG=M.[.[?+GS7\^IEE'
MZ]3UG\$_^7E3O3_O%\[Y7\NB\PMO$]C!Y.[P[H\WE[-V^6[_`'NWR<[MLP^]
MY3YQC_CYEQMQ%Y9;>)[&#R=WAW1YO+V;M\MW^]V^3G=MF'WO*?.,?\?,N-N(
MO+QJ*]#^S*/>?_ at RI_\`)$<[_I(V;;Q/8P>3N\.Z/-Y>S=OEN_WNWR<[MLP^
M]Y3YQC_CYEQMQ%Y9;>)[&#R=WAW1YO+V;M\MW^]V^3G=MF'WO*?.,?\`'S+C
M;B+R\:BC^S*/>?\`X,J?_)!SO^DC9MO$]C!Y.[P[H\WE[-V^6[_>[?)SNVS#
M[WE/G&/^/F7&W$7E[,NO6-M\/M'F;POH\G_$QN$:5Q=K]HV1Z>2K.I7.=CDJ
M)6V_:Y2$AS$QXVMF^MMOP^TN;R=OF:C>)YOE8WXCM3MW^4-V-V=OFOMW9V1[
MMTOGXS+:/MJ&L_C?_+RI_P`^Y_WBXS=G_DNZ"V\3V,'D[O#NCS>7LW;Y;O\`
M>[?)SNVS#[WE/G&/^/F7&W$7EEMXGL8/)W>'='F\O9NWRW?[W;Y.=VV8?>\I
M\XQ_Q\RXVXB\O&HKT/[,H]Y_^#*G_P`D1SO^DC9MO$]C!Y.[P[H\WE[-V^6[
M_>[?)SNVS#[WE/G&/^/F7&W$7EEMXGL8/)W>'='F\O9NWRW?[W;Y.=VV8?>\
MI\XQ_P`?,N-N(O+QJ]B_X5W_`,,D_P#$P\>:%_Q<;[VD>#]9LO\`D#?W;_5K
M:5?^!6]C*O[[Y9IU^R^5%?\`S^>8[!9=R4$YU,15O[*DJL^:;5KM7EI"-TYS
M?NP35]6D]J493UV2W=MOZZ+J;6I>)[']D_X?ZGX;E\.Z./BIK_E6NLR)+=K/
MX5TT1A+K2I6$WRWE[C%TD01[:)YK5GW7%Q:VGFO at _7K'^Q-=9O"^CW7V73X7
M9G%VW2[L%+,5+;-_EN"P:'_C[E4.,Q15S/B+Q%J'B_Q!?:MJU]>:IJNJ7$EW
M>WMW,T]Q=S2,7DEDD8EG=F)8LQ)))).:N^&+;S]$\1-Y/F>3IZ/N\K?Y7^EV
MZ[L^4^SKC=NB^]MWG=Y4GEY;PC' 81U\94E4Q5:=*5::G42<^:$>6"YO=I02
M4:<=^5<TW.K*I4G<\1S2M%6BD[*R\]_-]?PLK)%MXGL8/)W>'='F\O9NWRW?
M[W;Y.=VV8?>\I\XQ_P`?,N-N(O++;Q/8P>3N\.Z/-Y>S=OEN_P![M\G.[;,/
MO>4^<8_X^9<;<1>7C45]I_9E'O/_`,&5/_DCFYW_`$D;-MXGL8/)W>'='F\O
M9NWRW?[W;Y.=VV8?>\I\XQ_Q\RXVXB\LMO$]C!Y.[P[H\WE[-V^6[_>[?)SN
MVS#[WE/G&/\`CYEQMQ%Y>-5WPWX>O/%WB*PTG3X?M&H:I<QVEM%O5/-ED8(B
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M&C!9=Z"3<UO,K&+*@W$Z at JR((?/K7Q9I]OY._P`,:'/Y?E[M\MX/.V^1G=MG
M'W_)DSMQ_P`?4VW;B'RJ/C7Q+J'Q(\::AXBU^\FU?7-4F\^ZO+D[I)& `&!]
MU% `550!55550 `!1K\IQ&:YQF]3ZWGDO?LHI1G.225^K4=7?6R2[+J_0C3I
MTURT_P`C<M?%FGV_D[_#&AS^7Y>[?+>#SMOD9W;9Q]_R9,[<?\?4VW;B'RBU
M\6:?;^3O\,:'/Y?E[M\MX/.V^1G=MG'W_)DSMQ_Q]3;=N(?*PZ*Q^JP[O_P*
M7^97,;EKXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O^3)G;C_CZFV[<0^46OBS
M3[?R=_AC0Y_+\O=OEO!YVWR,[MLX^_Y,F=N/^/J;;MQ#Y6'11]5AW?\`X%+_
M`##F.X\<>(M/TO7[%'\):'^[TS3'97%Y#Y_^AV+%F"M!_K/*D8LJ?-]KF99)
M/W,RX=KXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O^3)G;C_CZFV[<0^4?$*U^
MQZ_;IY/D;M,T]]OD^5G=9PMNQY,6=V=V[8=V=WF39\Y\.N?"86'L(:O9?:EV
M]0E+4W+7Q9I]OY._PQH<_E^7NWRW@\[;Y&=VV<??\F3.W'_'U-MVXA\HM?%F
MGV_D[_#&AS^7Y>[?+>#SMOD9W;9Q]_R9,[<?\?4VW;B'RL.BNCZK#N__``*7
M^8<QN6OBS3[?R=_AC0Y_+\O=OEO!YVWR,[MLX^_Y,F=N/^/J;;MQ#Y1:^+-/
MM_)W^&-#G\OR]V^6\'G;?(SNVSC[_DR9VX_X^IMNW$/E8=%'U6'=_P#@4O\`
M,.8[B7Q%I]I\-=#F?PEH<W_$SND:5Q>+]I\N+3"59U9<Y\N0E5F;;]MF*QP9
MA8X=KXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O^3)G;C_`(^IMNW$/E&H6NSX
M:Z3-Y.WS-3O4\WR<;]L5H=N_R1NQNSM\Y]N[/EQ;MTV'7/A<+#D>KWE]J7\S
M\PE+4W+7Q9I]OY._PQH<_E^7NWRW@\[;Y&=VV<??\F3.W'_'U-MVXA\HM?%F
MGV_D[_#&AS^7Y>[?+>#SMOD9W;9Q]_R9,[<?\?4VW;B'RL.BNCZK#N__``*7
M^8<QN6OBS3[?R=_AC0Y_+\O=OEO!YVWR,[MLX^_Y,F=N/^/J;;MQ#Y1:^+-/
MM_)W^&-#G\OR]V^6\'G;?(SNVSC[_DR9VX_X^IMNW$/E8=%'U6'=_P#@4O\`
M,.8[CP1XBT_^P/$+OX2T.\^QZ9 [,XO'^[>:<I9BK/Y>_P`N12RO!_Q^3*L@
MS##6':^+-/M_)W^&-#G\OR]V^6\'G;?(SNVSC[_DR9VX_P"/J;;MQ#Y1X3M?
MM&@>)W\GS/(TQ'W>3YGD_P"F6R[L^3)L^]MW;X?O;?,.[R9<.N>CA8<]35[_
M`,TOY8^8.1N6OBS3[?R=_AC0Y_+\O=OEO!YVWR,[MLX^_P"3)G;C_CZFV[<0
M^46OBS3[?R=_AC0Y_+\O=OEO!YVWR,[MLX^_Y,F=N/\`CZFV[<0^5AU#/J5O
M:EA)-&K*,E2PW?EUIXCZM0A[2O/E7=S:7WMA&[T1T5KXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W
M;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O^3)G;C_CZFV[<0^46OBS3[?R=_AC0Y_+\O=OEO!YVWR,[
MMLX^_P"3)G;C_CZFV[<0^5>\*_ +XB_$/6M=TOPO\.O'GB;5O"\_V76+'3/#
M]W<W&D3;W3RKE$C+0R;HI1MD`.8G'8U]L?\`$-E\?O\`H9O at _P#^#G4?_D"O
MDL=QUPUA*GLJV+ULG[KJ35GYPYE\KW.B.&K25U'\CXU^$WB+3YOB5X8A?PEH
M>H;M3LT:)Q>3?:L2VH*LBM+NW^5("JPR9^US!8VQ"L>':^+-/M_)W^&-#G\O
MR]V^6\'G;?(SNVSC[_DR9VX_X^IMNW$/E>B>"?V-/C%H_BK2[[5O at Q\6+'3;
M.\BFNY;SP5J!ABA5U9WDS:3+L"@D[HI!@',;CY3XNFKVKJ&^T0_,,\N!7HX+
M/,FQ-64J&*C+W8_\O-=Y;KFNOF1*G4BM5^!TEKXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>
M=M\C.[;./O\`DR9VX_X^IMNW$/E%KXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./
MO^3)G;C_`(^IMNW$/E<ZFI6\C!5N(69C@ ..:FKW*'U:LFZ,^:W:;?Y,R=UN
M;EKXLT^W\G?X8T.?R_+W;Y;P>=M\C.[;./O^3)G;C_CZFV[<0^46OBS3[?R=
M_AC0Y_+\O=OEO!YVWR,[MLX^_P"3)G;C_CZFV[<0^5 at RRK A9V5%'4L<`5TO
MPM^#GC+XYOJ"^!_!WB[QH=)\O[=_8&BW6IBS\S=Y?F&!'";MCXSC.QL=#CFQ
MV,R[!V^N5U3O_-4Y?SDNS^XJ,9R^%7^1!:^+-/M_)W^&-#G\OR]V^6\'G;?(
MSNVSC[_DR9VX_P"/J;;MQ#Y7W=_P0;U>SB_X+7? >U7PWI5C*]N,3(MS%(&/
MAT$RA6\M"S^7(Y)C96-W*P>4>5*/F7X<_P#!,W]HCXL:^^FZ+\&/'T5Q# ;F
M1]:TUM!MQ&&52%FOO)B>3+C$:L6(#'&%8C[Z_P"",W_!,?XW_ C_`(*S_!OQ
MQXD\"0Z9X0T.0PW^HV^MZ5<1V\QTB6U9#';R*[.+EO+;;$Q#[BTDN#,_P/%7
M%60SP.*P]+%1E/V52*2G)IN4?=2=VG?R;L]&=6'HU5.+<>J/V(_X)W?\GS_M
M'?\`8*\(_P#HO5*^SJ^,?^"=W_)\_P"T=_V"O"/_`*+U2OLZOY3I_"CW);L*
M***HD**** "BBB@`HHHH`**** "BBB@`HHHH`**** "BBB@`HHHH`**** "B
MBB@#Y+^,'^K_`.X?8?\`I/#7F]>D?&#_`%?_`'#[#_TGAKS>L:&S]32IT"BB
MBMC,****`,^YFV^*K./S,;K2X;9OQNP\/.W>,XSUV-C/WDSA]VTU91;K;W47
MVBV7.T A)8^_RO at D#)/RD%?F)QGD85S-M\56<?F8W6EPVS?C=AX>=N\9QGKL
M;&?O)G#Z%<>.P%#%P5/$1ND[IW::>UXR33B[-JZ:=F]=2HR<7=%^;07>%IK.
M1;V%`6;RQB2(#DETZC QEAE03C<:H4Z&9[>99(V:.2,AE93AE(Z$&K_]O+>_
M+?V\=T/^>B 0SY[G>!\Q/&2X8]<8))KR^;-<)HTL1#NFH5?N=J<WU;YJ22O:
M+=D[]R7E^7^?YF=16C_9^GW?S0W_`-E[E+J)OESV5HPV['<D+VXY(!_PB>H/
M_J;?[9Z_976XV?[WED[<]LXS@^AH_P!:,MAIB:GL7VJIT[]^5S45.W5P<DKK
M757?L9_95_37\CPK]H3]B'X-_':/5+[QC\,?`>N:IX@>WM+_`%:YTBW74YD+
M1P#%X#'.KB,*B,DH==JA0Q 0^3G_`((0?LIM,LA^%TAD48#?\)3K.X?C]KKZ
ML\33>1IT;>9Y>;NV7._9G,\8QG>G7.,9.<XVOG8VA7TM.O4IZ4Y-:IZ-K5;/
MU73L8V3W/SW_`&A_^#<7X,_$BRFF^'^L>*/AAJGV>*&!([EM:TS>LI9Y9(;I
MC.SM&Q3"7,:#:C;20P?YC^)G_!LW\5M'\1PQ^#?B-\/?$6DM;AII]9M[S1KE
M)MS HL427:L at 4(0YD!)9AL&T,W[25^,__!;3_ at HA\</@S^U=XT^%/AOQMXA\
M->$=3 at T?4[.6+34T>_M$6 F6/3K^(^=/;2S#=+*=KB6&2!=L:2>=]=P_Q'Q$
M\33P>7XF?-)I).5U??:5U;=M6U[,YZM&E;FFCQ;]H?\`X)-?&;]C_0;G7O'G
M_"(?\()IEM#-J'BS3M4DN;'37EF\B.&6$Q+>.[2-$N8K:11YR$L`)"GSQ>VK
M6%]/;M);RM;R-$SP3I/$Q4D$K(A*.N1PRD at CD$BN7^(?Q9UWXV>);?5?%WBK
M7/&6L6T`M8+S6M6FU*YBA5F<1J\SLP0,SL%!P"[$<L<T;2^FL7W0R,A[XZ'Z
MBO[]\)_%;B3+Z+H<48F&,IJRC*FESQMJ[RM%3T:5FD[)/FW3^6QV`HS=Z"Y7
MY[?\`]+^'5M]L^(.A0^3]H\W4;=/*\KSO,S(HV[/*FW9Z;?*DSTV/]TXU'PK
M\1KJ7Q"T"VFM6F>?4K>,1QP^>)=TJC;Y?E3%L]-OE2YZ>6_W3%;WT-W_`*N6
M-SC.`>0/I7]-9#Q7E6:8N<L'63;A#1Z2O>II9V?W779GB5</4IQ]Y=_T):**
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M+)7Y.:RY8RE=Z6BW?0Z*>%K2O!1=_N/!:*_7#P%_P:'_`!9\7^!M%U:\^)W@
MO1KO5+""[GT^XTZ\$UB\D:NT+Y4'<A)4Y .0>!TKW#X/_P#!H)X?L?$&@3>.
M/B-J%Y8V\44VKPZ6X'VR99AO at B#0JR121#/F%RZ,VW:X7S&_,LT^E;X;X2-Z
M6,E6>ND*53IYSC"+OT:;^[4[H9'C);QMZM?I<_!^BOZ&OBG_`,&A_P`'?%OB
MV2Z\,_$#QAX1TCRT2*P%O'?."!\SO+(^68L3]U5 4*,$@LVI^SU_P:A?#'X'
M_%;3O$MW\3O&VN)I^YD at C@CL)5<CAEEC8_1E=71T9U*_,"/G,1],;@:.!EB*
M$*TJO*W&FX*+<ND7)2E%7>[3E9:V;T-H\/8GFL[6[W/YT:V;ZVV_#[2YO)V^
M9J-XGF^5C?B.U.W?Y0W8W9V^:^W=G9'NW2_T^WO_``08^ ^NV6FIXROM8\8>
M)+&QAM+B^NK739+BZ95RS+%]D=D5F+OL7(7>>W-<GXB_X-SOV9_B!K-UI+Z/
MJODVT-O=I;VCV6E7<!9KA?-EDAA68PR;2J*8 at -T#G+\>7^7KZ?'",L13IXO!
MU'.G)\\:$E7DK*47[D5&=DWJY1A9V3LVCL_U6Q%FXR6NU]#^96N^^%O[-OB?
MXJ>'YO$$<5GH/@RSN&M;WQ1K=P+'1[655622%9FYN+E8F\T6ELLUU(BL8X9,
M8K^D73_^#;S]GOPU\,]0T?1]#M8]7D\N32M5U>QBU:71I5E\WS,,$%USCY+G
M?$P55>-XB\397Q at _X-J_@_\`&_Q!X=U/Q!XB\5ZE<:9;QV5XES=SM;QVJ-N6
MTTV%)DBTZV0M-Y<"+)%$)%"H`I#=5;Z;V78_]W@\!7PL&VO:5(TJD^72SC1C
M6C%.2;UG5_=M:TZBT$N&YQUE)2\E=+[[?DM>Z/P'\&>)M&\`>*;'PY\(="F\
M6?$:23[/;^-[F:8-;W(Y-SHUH5B%FJAI0+F]\Z8".&ZC73IE*QZNM?\`!*/X
M[>"]4GL?%'@>Z\'WJ6+7T%OK4R6\MZ 2JI&H).7(8!F"QY1 at 7&*_9/P+_P`&
MHWAGX5>.9?$'A7XY>-/#U[)YB*EMH]M)"D3G)BVRN^]!Q at 2%CE5;)8!J^J_V
M+_\`@E+HWP2TY;[XD2:/X_U]8XTA6:V,EK:E1*CNRD)%<-*K1L=T""-U^0=#
M7R?%'THO[(K^TX(Y:WM8Q]K5Q2JSQ$IIR?\`-&E"DN9N-*E:E"4ZCITZ:EKO
M1R3VBMB=+;*-DK?FWYO5V5VS^6KXN_L]^,/@/_9__"5Z1_97]J^9]E_TJ&?S
M?+V;_P#5NV,;UZXSGC.#5'X;^$]1\:IKECI.EWNL:@VGAXH+2S:ZFXN8,LH6
M&0KA<Y8-%P2-YSY4G]DG_#*OPO\`^B;^`?\`PG[3_P"-U@>,OV8/A?;>(O":
M?\*]\ P_:-5DCV_V+:1^=_H-VVW;OC\S[N[;LGQMW>6-OG0]%'Z;68SR]4<;
ME4)5TTW.%64(74N:/[MPG)*R2:]J[N[3C=)2^&X<]XS=NUM?OT_(_C4HK^M3
M]O7X1?LH^ _AK:P_%SX:^$[K3_\`2-5T[3]/\,O)=7TMK$0RQ?98P2^V8*J.
MP#%QZ9'Q;H7_``4L_P"">G[.OP4\93>%_A:NCV\JWT#Z5J5E!I=Q>WUM`#)!
M`+NX$T4V)8D9X5W at M'U9% ^XPOTS9XG!/$T,BJ2<91B[5?W:<G:*=3V6C?1.
M*OW.>7#MI<KJK[M?NN?DG^Q]^R5JG[0S>*/A_:_#&YU3XC6\;2VTMY=:G:W-
MD)8,Q at 6L%O(KLFUIMLA4NI. 51BOWY^PS_P2^^$__"%>*O GQDU'P3H\WA^U
MNY6UC4/#SVFNNP$RFV4&1MSI)(&901<$0Q1PA3YD at Y#0?^#@S]B;P]XOL]6C
M_9G\:6=]9WJZG%J&G>*F-Y;W:Q>4EQ&S7$9$H0*F\.&"< X&VKOC_P#X.)OV
M5_B!X?;1?^%#^);?P_Y!LC9?\(IHEPUS#M:,K<327K23ED.U]YPY&2,Y-?S]
MXD>*G&_$.+E1P$*U&E)PJ2A3G.KRU%'E;A44I<D+\SC"FX+WO>4FDSU<'@<-
M2C>5F]5=I+3S75^;N?2W_!*OXH?LL_%#]F_Q]X(\+^']-\6>*_#.KF/5(D6X
M%KIRS2R30-;W`6,10O(MT-EK(^[R6#,L;Q(OY#_\%;/@1=? 3_ at J]'ID]U_;
M&E>.'TS7='CD47$UO;22?9OLDB"U=6VRVTJ(HAN&:+RMXFD9P?JGXH?\')/@
MSP/X`L=%^#OPEU1/L>GR65G'K[VVDZ?HWEQJEH(K:S:?SH5P0T0>WPL:JK?-
ME/SI^+G[3'CO]NG]J[P]XT^(][9:QK'VNWTZQL[+3(TM;*T^UR2QVD<2P3-*
MB-.X4R1W$C @,)CP?@>',CXJAFTLRHTJD%-R<Y57K*#E>2FY).<GO?E3<K22
M6ZZZM2CR<C:TVM^AY-1117]2GBA1110`445)I-I/X@\06.DZ=;W.I:MJ=S'9
MV=C9PM<7-U-(P6.*.- 69V8@!0"22 .2*YL5C,/A:?M<3.,(]Y-)?>[(J,7)
MV1L?$*U^QZ_;IY/D;M,T]]OD^5G=9PMNQY,6=V=V[8=V=WF39\Y\.OH[PO\`
M\$QOC]\>=5NI/"OPC\5?9]+L[&&XDU*WAT",S" 1R(GVY;/S726*19/+5RK#
MYY)"PED]T_XALOC]_P!#-\'_`/P<ZC_\@5\9+Q$X<PM.%.KBHWLOA4I;)=8I
MHW^JU9:J)^?M.TRUN->URSTK3;6ZU35M1N([2ST^RB,]U=S2,$CBCC7+.[,P
M`4 DD@`&OU3_`&;_`/@V5N+]+Z7XT?$)8HV\R*VTWP.W)'[HI-)=W<'_`%V4
MPK;C^!O-ZI7W9^P%_P`$T_AW_P`$X_#_`(CLO LWB/4+CQ5/#-J%_K5Y'/<2
M) KB&("*.*-40RS,"$WDRL&9 at J!?A.(/&BC#FHY12<M-)RT5_*.[2WNVM5;E
MMJ=-++WO4?R/Q8\4?\$=?VC/!?BSP-H^I?#N_6;QU=+:K<V3'4[+P^3=>06U
M*:T69;9%4I.7^=/*DX9G25([T7_!$;]JHH-_PCF5NX7Q-HS#\_M8K^ARBO at 8
M^+7$:DFZD7I:W)&SUO?:]^FCM;I?4ZOJ-'L?@Q\/_P#@A#^T3\0]-MM'OO#O
MA/P9>6<MU>33ZWX at M),QL+9(5(L8[B;YRLY3<S1_N9N(6P9^OT/_`(-J_CA=
MZY8Q:EXP^%-AILEQ&MY<VU]?W<]O"6'F/'"UI$LCA<E4,B!B`"Z at Y'[46TV[
MQ5>1^9G;:6[;-^=N7FYV[SC..NQ<X^\^,)H5RUO%'B2=U"NHIWT48]=VFTVG
MKWTZ6*6#H]C\:?%?_!LK\1;'QYIMMH?Q.\%ZIX7F$7V_4;[3[FPO[/,C"7RK
M1#-'-MCVLNZXBWL2IV !SUG_`!"\W7_1=K?_`,(<_P#RPK]:J*X9>(7$;BHO
M%RT]/Q=KOYW[%?5:7\I^1/B'_ at V UJVT"^DTGXVZ7>ZI';R-9V]WX0>UMYY@
MI,:22K>R-&C-@%UC<J"2$8C::O@;_ at V'\3ZEX6M9O$OQBT'1=:??]ILM,\-R
MZI:PX=@NRXDN+=GR at 5CF%-I)7Y@`S?L!12_XB%Q%R\OUN7X=+];7Z[==+[(/
MJM+^4_,CX>_\&V?@/PKHZV?B[XG>+M;U#6+MK8SZ1IVGZ9"MN(_.5$CN5NI%
MF$D))EBDR8R4\L*9'/L^O_\`! K]F_6?A!:>%[?PYK6E:E9X<>*+357_`+;F
ME(MUEDD>0/ _F"W'[MH3#&993#'$SDU]@:S-Y6HZ2OF;?,NV7&_;O_<2G&-Z
M[NF<8?IG:,;TT*\?%<29KB:BJU\3.33YE[STDM+K6R=NJL:1HP2LDCX!_9__
M`.#=SX._"#XT:EXB\1:EK7Q(T"+[,^@Z#KJ(D.GRQE'DDNF at V)?;G3"QO$D0
MC=T>.8D.OW-X!^'OA_X5>$[30/"^AZ/X;T*PW_9M.TJRCL[2WWNTC[(HPJ+N
M=F8X`RS$GDFMBBO/QF.Q.+J>VQ52526UY-R?WMME1BHJT4%%%%<I1G^+)OL_
MA74Y/,\OR[25M^_R]F$/.[?'MQZ[TQ_>7J-"L_Q9-]G\*ZG)YGE^7:2MOW^7
MLPAYW;X]N/7>F/[R]1H4`?%?_!8+_ at GQ\7/V^O#?AW3/`/Q$T?P_H&FEDU3P
MWJ$M[96>M[G67SKF:$RI-Y3P6_E0O;?(6F?S<E5'R'^Q-_P;D>)O'-K=:M\>
M=7NO!=I+;[;#0?#=_;7&J1S>:RE[JX:*:V5-B!E2'S"PG!9XS&4?]D**]K+^
M(LRP&'GAL%6=.,FF^723:V]Y>];RO;R,Y4H2=Y*Y\N_L6?\`!(#X-?L-^,/^
M$G\.V.M>(O%\?G):Z[XBNTNKK3XI41'C at 2-(H(\A6'F+%YN)I5,A1RM?45%%
M>7B,15KU'6KR<I2U;;;;]6]66DDK(*V/V;YO/^)6 at MYGF8UIUSOWXQ<N,9WO
MTQC&1C&-J8V+CUL?LWS>?\2M!;S/,QK3KG?OQBY<8SO?IC&,C&,;4QL7"6Q4
M=S6_X)W?\GS_`+1W_8*\(_\`HO5*^SJ^,?\`@G=_R?/^T=_V"O"/_HO5*^SJ
M5/X4.6["BBBJ)"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****`"BBB@`HHHH`****
M`"BBB@`HHHH`^2_C!_J_^X?8?^D\->;UZ1\8/]7_`-P^P_\`2>&O-ZQH;/U-
M*G0****V,PHHHH S[F;;XJLX_,QNM+AMF_&[#P\[=XSC/78V,_>3.'T*S[F;
M;XJLX_,QNM+AMF_&[#P\[=XSC/78V,_>3.'T* "BBB@`HHHH`EUSQ[JNGV4<
MC:A)*K7$$12Z831,'E1""DCA2?FXZD'!"L<*;G_"0^=_Q\6.G7&/N_N?)V^O
M^J*9_'..V.<\]XFF\C3HV\SR\W=LN=^S.9XQC.].N<8R<YQM?.QM"OG_`/57
M)UK2PT*<NDH+V<EZ3ARR5]G9JZNGHVC;V]3J[^NOYGC'_!0;QM\2?"_P4DUC
MX7^%-8U6\T3?J%_;>%_$-KI^MW<2`#R+>&_TO4X;G(=Y"BB&7,"K&96D\L_B
M!^U#\9/ G[0?Q#NM*^-LW[4W@/Q1I%Q+?NGBO6K3Q9)IKW021[:'29+;1DLH
MY5,4@>*7:J11H("KJ\7]$U4_$/A[3_%V at 7VDZM8V>J:7JEO):7EG=PK-;W<,
MBE)(I(V!5T925*L"""01BO6R;+\)E]?ZPE.;MIS5:DU%]U&I*=.3\JE.<;=+
MV:SJ3E)6T^Y+\K/[FC^;C5O#7P!\0:S?:EJ/Q@^.VI:EJ=S)>7EW>?#33[BX
MNII&+R2R2/XB+,[,2Q8DDDDGDFH/^%._!/Q;_HWAWXU:UHM['^\>?QWX$ETO
M3GC'!2.32[K59VG)*D*UND959"958(DG[F_%'_ at D9^S7\7FL&U3X/^$M/;31
M((CH$<GA_?YFS=YGV!X?-QL7;YF[;\VW&YL^4?%#_ at WE_9S\>?8?[%L_&G@/
M[+YGG?V)KSW'V[=MV^9]O6ZV[-IQY>S.]MV["[?V3+?$3V<(TJF*Q5.*T2 at L
M&TDMK+ZK!?+2QY\L+=W48OUYO_DC\G? G[+7 at D>-]&\G]H+X.ZM+]N at V6,&C
M^*Y9+QO,7$2H^@2(S/\`= :-U)."C#Y3E_\`#+/@;_HY+X*_^"SQ=_\`*.OU
M%N_^#<3X*^$;635K?QI\5&GTM#=QB[N]'GMRT8WCS(Y;%8W3(Y5V"D9!(!)K
MS37/^#7V*77+Y]+^.$UKI;W$C6<%[X06ZN8(2Q,:22I>1+(ZK@%UC0,02$7.
M![6'X^P4ZCE+-,9'1:NG@^GI0??3YWZ&;PLK?!'[Y?YGP;;_`+./@^U^Y^TS
M\&<`8 .F>+F 'T.AU:A^`GA&)<-^TE\$9.>K:5XN_IH at K[>_XA>;K_HNUO\`
M^$.?_EA7._$S_ at V.\;:/H<,O at WXL^%?$6I-<!9K;6=%GT:!(=K9=9HI;MF<,
M$ 0Q@$,QW at J WUN7^,-?"M0H<1XZ$?\`!AW%>=OJS7W*_8YY9?&6]&/X_P"9
MS_ASXP?L[6O[/L'@G5[']D^^U10?.\2V<WQ M=4D_P!),PVNVD2;<+B+DME 
M1QGCB?AE\1_"?P`\::MJ'@W]H#X.Z?H.IE_*T#4+?QIJ5I9LYC)<;-%B+./+
M"J[+N"':2Q^8]!_Q#9?'[_H9O at __`.#G4?\`Y H_XALOC]_T,WP?_P#!SJ/_
M`, at 5P4>,,MITL31J<18FM#$7<X5H1K4W)M-RY)X;E4KKXH\KMI>VA;P\FTU2
MBFMFM']]S[N_X)P?\%'?B]X>\.Q:AX3^+W[./Q$^'^A6&I:_JG at WP/H]_>>,
M=02-)(S(FGW45G=/)Y_D*/-EC+)Y80N#&C^W?"+_`(+SK\*8;/2[']GO]H*Z
M\)VTD\S66A_!:^LQ%+,\DLL4;RZE((S'<2.K*(R@*,B87:P_/[]C/_ at C]^U#
M^PW\4;CQ?X5G_9EUS6)K;[/"_B,:A?-I[?.IEMIDLH[B"0QR2QMY<H1TD(=7
M*H4^H[:]_;LOXS)IL/[)<%NKM&ZW-[X at NW,RL5F8.O 1I1(R1]8T*QG)0FOP
M//YQJ8]RHUHU()63A2C2B];W<(PBU+6VK>ENR/3I:1U5GZW/U<\&?MD:)XOT
MN2:^AN/",T<I00:C";N610`=X%N60*22.7W90_+@@UUVE_&#0]:L([B/QAX=
MCAFR/G MYE )!^623*GCC<N.AP1U_'G_`(S[_P"K/_\`RXZ]X_9KO?B]/X3D
MA^,.F?#>UUV#'EWG@[4[VXM+[+R$Y at NH$>WV)Y(XFFWL7;]V`%/Q/^KM.?O8
MBO5G+O[6</\`R6DZ</GRW?5LZO;-;)?=?\[GZ+?\)_X<;AO&^G.I^\O]H6J[
MAZ94`CZ@@^XH_P"$S\%-_K/$.AW*_P!VXU9)U!]0'<C/OUY-?&-%'^JV52_C
MT55?>JW5:\DZCDTO)60O;SZ.WII^1]LVWQ-\(V4"QP^(/#D,:]$2_A51WZ!J
MPX_C#X9LO'VM32>)M':UATJS<(FHI+R)+LMMB6=CN(V_=@0M@#S)L!(?D*L^
MVFW>*KR/S,[;2W;9OSMR\W.W><9QUV+G'WGQA/<HT84H*E2BHQBDDDK)):))
M+1)+9&3;;NS[-_X:A\"_]!S_`,DKC_XW1_PU#X%_Z#G_`))7'_QNOD*BM /K
M'6OVM/!>E6JR07EYJ3LX4Q6UJZLHP?F/F;!CC'!SR..N,S_AM/PM_P! _P`0
M?]^(?_CM?,-%`'OW_#<G_4K_`/E2_P#M5<'XT_;#\6:G/H\4?]EZ;+]M)26V
M$B,3]GFR"K3[)!C/RLDH& P0,HDC\]K/UF;RM1TE?,V^9=LN-^W?^XE.,;UW
M=,XP_3.T8WH`>@:[\?/&7B'ROM'B#4(_)SM^RL+7.<9SY07=TXSG'..IK\K_
M`/@I#_P;^VW[97QKUSXA>#_'&C^"]1U#3V8:&WAB!+2]U#,LC32W5N8Y/W\C
MAI)98KB8,SG<ZB.)/T at HH _ KQQ_P;D?M%?#708[JRM?A_X]DDG$)L=$U?R[
MJ%2K,96:^BMHS&" I D9\NN%(W%>0O?^"&_[5=RD<<7PLNK>->&">(]%R1Q@
M`_;.*_HDHKZ[`<;9EA,%]0I-<CTO9J5KWMS)J5NEKVMIMH82P\)2YV?S!_\`
M#"GQTL8OW/P3^,4[8Y\WPAJN3CTS`1S^%<#\,-4DU#XI>';5;6UO/M&J6L01
M9%F$NZ5!M\OR9B^<XV^1+GIY<F=I_JZK#^)VB:?XF^&WB'3=6M+._P!+U#3+
MFVO+:[17M[B%XF61)%9D4HRD at AG4$$Y91R/H/^(JYNX.DK4X;)4U%)+6_P`<
M:C=[W>M[^IE]1IWOOZ_TC^5&^O5LH2VZ/?CY5>0)N_&OLW]E[Q_^Q#HOA;3?
M#?BKX<?'3XP>.=4OS%%>6T,>FR7;RN$@M;:RL]8R?X0`3+(\CMAMI2-/W-^%
M'[/7@'X#?VA_P at W@?P?X,_M7R_MO]A:-;:=]L\O=Y?F>2B[]N]]N[.-[8QDU
MV%+BCQ*Q.<VCRSI06T85+7?>3Y+OTT7E?4*.#5/S^7_!/Q)_:_ETS]I?PZWA
MW2O^">/Q.\#Z78ZO]NL]8\*Z"?#^L7L*++&D=QLT.=51UD#O$KN Z)AV"Y/Q
MSI7["?QUM+&..;X+_%UF08!7P3J?`[?\L/\`/ZU_3Y17@<.\8XG)*SQ&!I0Y
MFK._.T]GJN=*^GRN[&M;#JHK2;_#_(_ WX<?\&^7[1_Q/@U"/6-#\)^!TM?+
MV#7_`!!&_P!NW;B?*^P+=8V;1N\S9]]=N[YMOV!X$_8I_P""@_PJ\(6N@>%?
MC)\#?#6AV(?[+IVEZ-96EG;;W:1MD4>A*B[G9F. ,EB>I)K],J*PSOB_,<VJ
M^VQKA)I67[N%TNU^5RM>[U>C;M:XZ>'A!6C^;//_`-EGP_XL\*_ /P[I_CSQ
M)_PEWC6UBD77-640B.YO?.<S"(0HB"%'+)&-B,(T0.JON ] K/\`#,WGZ=(W
MF>9B[N5SOWXQ/(,9WOTQC&1C&-J8V+H5\P;!1110`4444 9]M-N\57D?F9VV
MENVS?G;EYN=N\XSCKL7./O/C":%9]M-N\57D?F9VVENVS?G;EYN=N\XSCKL7
M./O/C":%`!1110`4444`9^LS>5J.DKYFWS+MEQOV[_W$IQC>N[IG&'Z9VC&]
M-"L_69O*U'25\S;YEVRXW[=_[B4XQO7=TSC#],[1C>FA0 4444 %%%% &?XL
MF^S^%=3D\SR_+M)6W[_+V80\[M\>W'KO3']Y>HT*S_%DWV?PKJ<GF>7Y=I*V
M_?Y>S"'G=OCVX]=Z8_O+U&A0`4444 %%%% !6Q^S?-Y_Q*T%O,\S&M.N=^_&
M+EQC.]^F,8R,8QM3&Q<>MC]F^;S_`(E:"WF>9C6G7._?C%RXQG>_3&,9&,8V
MIC8JEL..YK?\$[O^3Y_VCO\`L%>$?_1>J5]G5\8_\$[O^3Y_VCO^P5X1_P#1
M>J5]G4J?PH<MV%%%%42%%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110!\A_&7Q3X?T'6-/MO$&N6>AV^H6MA&)9I8E95\BW#2!
M9)(]RIN#-M)8+G 9MJMC;_ at __P!%L\+_`/?D?_':\0_X*L_\AGP+_P!@\_\`
MI+8U\CUC13Y="Y/4_2??\'_^BV>%_P#OR/\`X[1O^#__`$6SPO\`]^1_\=K\
M]?ACX+G^(OQ%T/0;>&2XEU:^AM0D;^6Q#. QW;6"X&26*D* 200,5WOQ.^ 6
MB6_Q5T.S\+:];V?@_P`5PO-I>K^(;H1Q0B)Y(IA/+'& ")(FQM3.V2/C)K5I
MJWF[$*SOY*Y]F[_ at _P#]%L\+_P#?D?\`QVC?\'_^BV>%_P#OR/\`X[7R!+^Q
M3J2>(+'35\:^!VN-0T2X\01AVU"$QVL*>86D22T5XRT89T#J`RKD'YDW<W\9
M?V:=<^".CV]]J5[H]]#-?2Z<XL9I':WE2**90^]%X>&:*12N[ ;#;'!4)W6_
M]:V_-->N at XV>W]:7_+7T/MN2V^$;ZK#<#XX>%Q''%)&T?DGYBQ0 at _P"OV\;2
M.5)^;@J-P:QO^#__`$6SPO\`]^1_\=K\V**>H:'Z3[_ at _P#]%L\+_P#?D?\`
MQVC?\'_^BV>%_P#OR/\`X[7PW^RQ\.=#^+WQNT?PSX at 35&LM8\R)7L+V*TDA
MD",X8M)%(I7Y2""!U!W#&#TO[0OPH\"?!;5/#5JD>M3:E,/M6M:5#XAAO at EK
M)!!+;-#>I9)%N<22`E4E4>7D$@@D=U9OK_7]6%'5V7K_`%^6O4^O]_P?_P"B
MV>%_^_(_^.T;_ at __`-%L\+_]^1_\=KXX\8_LM76L_M1WWP^\#PWUXL:13PF]
MD$LD$)MHYY'D:.,;@@=N$C+-@!59B =:]_X)_P#BS2?$NAZ?J&KZ#I,/B3S8
M]-N]1M=3LX[JXCY:V$4MHMPLFW#*6B"/G"NS?+1[R2;_`*_K;UTW#2]E_7];
M^FI]4ZG;?".^ME2/XX>%XF66.0MY)Y"NK$?+.IY (ZXYY##*FQO^#_\`T6SP
MO_WY'_QVO@[Q=\$W\'?"_1?%$WB/P_<1Z_),MEI\2W8O95BD,;R8>!8P at 8<'
M?SR!DJP7B:6I1^D^_P"#_P#T6SPO_P!^1_\`':-_P?\`^BV>%_\`OR/_`([7
MYL5ZE^R7\)/#?QJ^(&I:/XFNM4T^TAT>ZOHKRSGCC%L\*;@TBO&^^/U *GOG
MM5*,G>W9O[E<ER2W[I?>['VKO^#_`/T6SPO_`-^1_P#':-_P?_Z+9X7_`._(
M_P#CM?+]U^QE;Z!\-_"$=_;ZW)X]\1>*%T6ZL$NXHK:PA/S#</*=M[1_/OW;
M55U)5L$5YW^T9\+]%^'GB>QN_"MSJ%_X0UZV:YTNYO65YF\N1X94=E55++)&
MQP%'RNA[U,G9VOUM\[)_D_S*2O\`=?\`%K\U]VI]N:M;?"/4-*NK>/XX>%X9
M)XGC63R3\A((!^2=6XZ_*RGT(/-6-_P?_P"BV>%_^_(_^.U^;%>@?LN?#?1_
MB_\`''1/#6NC4OL&K-)$7L;N.UEC81LZG?)'(N,K@@@=>HQ5)-NQ+:6I]S[_
M`(/_`/1;/"__`'Y'_P`=HW_!_P#Z+9X7_P"_(_\`CM?+/B[]DBPN_"/@T^'T
M-GK'B";49;^YN?%=AJVE:;9V81GF::TBVC"ON;#,PV8"$N %^$/['.D>(/$'
MA>36?%>C:WH?C*ZNM.TQ]!OI[>Y\Z"(2/*XN;/:L:$JI23RW;>&7*_,9U_K^
MN^GJGV8]/Z\M_N6OH?4N_P"#_P#T6SPO_P!^1_\`':-_P?\`^BV>%_\`OR/_
M`([7Q3IG[-B_\);X+BN?%7AZY\.^+[][!-7L?M;0Q2QL at EA*M;B3S/WD84B,
MQDR*=VW<1A_'KX9:7\*?B'J>DZ3XDTWQ!;VE]<VVVW2Y6:S$<I14F,T$2M)@
M<F+<N5/.,9'=6\[_`(6_S7]6!:W\K?C?_)GWEO\`@_\`]%L\+_\`?D?_`!VJ
M^F6WPCL;9DD^.'A>5FEDD#>2> SLP'S3L> 0.N..`HPH_."BGJ&A^D^_X/\`
M_1;/"_\`WY'_`,=HW_!__HMGA?\`[\C_`..U\-_LL?#C1?B_\;M'\,Z[#K$U
MIK'F1(=,NH[>>.0(SJ<O%*&!VD;=H)+ YXP>Q\<_LE>?=^$X='L-8\'ZGKEO
M>W.I:1XKO8S<:-:VQR;Z9UAA9;=DWX#0AB87V[]RBAII7_K^K:^FHE9NW]?U
M^;TWL?6>_P"#_P#T6SPO_P!^1_\`':-_P?\`^BV>%_\`OR/_`([7R!H7[$6O
M>,[+0;CPWXC\*>)H_$EU<062Z>UZTA2V56N9G1[9618 at ZY1@)7R/+C?<N<#X
M[?LL>*/V?=,TK4-8C2;3=9:2.VN5M;NS_>I]^-H;N&&=2 5.XQ[&#<,2& 4K
MK?\`K^MO73<<==OZ[GV]O^#_`/T6SPO_`-^1_P#':KQVWPC359K at _'#PN8Y(
MHXUC\D_*5+DG_7[>=P'"@_+R6&T+^<%=)\&_#%AXV^+/AO1=4%X=/UC4[>RG
M^RRK%,JRR*F59D<`C=GE3T_&KIPE.2BMWH3*2C%R?0_0/?\`!_\`Z+9X7_[\
MC_X[1O\`@_\`]%L\+_\`?D?_`!VOA$?!R?Q?\<]7\)^'!Y<-G?7B)-J-TBK:
M6MN79YIY=JKM2-"S,%&<'"Y(6M_PW^R-JOC7Q#X?M=%\2^$]5L/$TEQ;6&J0
MR7:VK74";WM75[=9HY=A5AOB5&# AB,XSC)RBI+JK_)_Y[+N]%J7*/+)Q?33
M[M_\WV6KT/L_?\'_`/HMGA?_`+\C_P".T;_ at _P#]%L\+_P#?D?\`QVO at CXC_
M``;N_AUH&CZM_:NBZWI>LO/!%=:;)*\<<\!030MYD:'<GF(=RAD8,"K,*I_!
MOPQ8>-OBSX;T75!>'3]8U.WLI_LLJQ3*LLBIE69'`(W9Y4]/QJZ<93DHQZNQ
M,Y*,>9['Z![_`(/_`/1;/"__`'Y'_P`=JO>VWPCN;FT=?CAX7C6WE,CKY)_>
M#8ZX^6<#JP/S!AQTSAE^$KWX91ZS\=K[PEH\LUO"VKSZ=9O=1S7D@"R,J!EM
MH6DD8X _=Q$DG[H'3KM>_9!U3X>_%?P;X?\`%&J6>FV'B^4"&_:TOK?:HE\M
MD,,]LEPKDX"EH=A+J=VW<0J5ZBBX_:V_,=2T.92^SN?8^_X/_P#1;/"__?D?
M_':-_P`'_P#HMGA?_OR/_CM?!OQZ^&6E_"GXAZGI.D^)--\06]I?7-MMMTN5
MFLQ'*45)C-!$K28')BW+E3SC&>*J(2YHJ2ZCE'E?*S])]_P?_P"BV>%_^_(_
M^.T;_ at __`-%L\+_]^1_\=K\V*[+X&_#2U^)OBR[CU*ZN+/1M$TZXUG4WMU#7
M#6T";G2(-\OF-PH+<#=DYQ at Z:[_/Y+5D^7R^\^]=_P`'_P#HMGA?_OR/_CM5
M]6MOA'J&E75O'\</"\,D\3QK)Y)^0D$`_).K<=?E93Z$'FOCY/@7X>^)OAKP
M]K7A.^NO#=KJVM'P[=6_B*Y-XMK=M'YL+K/;6ZLZ2+\N/(!1AR2IW+TG at K]C
M"QLOBY-X1\2^)-!U/4ME]:R6^A:XD<VDWD%K)<(;CSX-CQ'RBC%&`1CAW1AL
M*:DKW\W]R3_)K[T-6>W]:M?FG]VA]2[_`(/_`/1;/"__`'Y'_P`=HW_!_P#Z
M+9X7_P"_(_\`CM?!/C[X-7/@CPO8ZY;:QHGB/0[ZXDLOMVEO,8X+E%#-`ZS1
MQN&VLK!@I1@?E8X...I:_P!?U_2#^OZ_K<_2??\`!_\`Z+9X7_[\C_X[1O\`
M at _\`]%L\+_\`?D?_`!VO@#X*^$='\>_%30]'\0:Q'H.C7UR([J^=UC$*8)QO
M?Y$+$!0[?*I;)X!KTWXJ_LBWF@^,]%\/V/AGQ5X4U.^CN+R]D\0W]K=:7;6<
M4:2&>.^MT5)51-[R$)E=R(%9OO59I)_UIK^6ODM6)6;L?66_X/\`_1;/"_\`
MWY'_`,=HW_!__HMGA?\`[\C_`..U\@>'/V*K[Q59:+<6/CGP)-%XFN+FVT8A
M]0_XF36Z*\NT?9,Q[=X&)O+)(.!C!/$^/_ at U)X&\"Z#XCAU_0M>TOQ!/<6T+
MZ>+I6 at E@6)I$D6>&(Y'G)RNX'GFIU&M;6ZW_``W_`%^Y]C[MTRV^$=C;,DGQ
MP\+RLTLD@;R3P&=F`^:=CP"!UQQP%&%%C?\`!_\`Z+9X7_[\C_X[7YL5N_#'
MP7/\1?B+H>@V\,EQ+JU]#:A(W\MB&<!CNVL%P,DL5(4`D@@8JHQE)J*)E)13
MDS]"M_P?_P"BV>%_^_(_^.T;_ at __`-%L\+_]^1_\=KXY^(/[-%OJGQ5TFQ\`
MW,]YX7\1V<U_I^H:M<(@MH+<R+=/<2JJH!$89'.%SL*8!+ '/TK]D_7/%>O>
M&[7P[JV@>);#Q1//:VNIV#W'V>.:!/,FBDCEA2X5TCPX41$N&'EASQ4QNU_7
M>WW735]KERT=G_6E_OMJUNC[6W_!_P#Z+9X7_P"_(_\`CM&_X/\`_1;/"_\`
MWY'_`,=KX6^.?[/>I? *;2X]4U+3;NXU1))!;107EK=6RH0`TL%W!!*BMD[6
MV;6VM@\&N!H3;V!Z;GZ/QVWPC359K at _'#PN8Y(HXUC\D_*5+DG_7[>=P'"@_
M+R6&T+8W_!__`*+9X7_[\C_X[7YL5TGP;\,6'C;XL^&]%U07AT_6-3M[*?[+
M*L4RK+(J95F1P"-V>5/3\:NG"4Y**W>A$I*,7)]#] ]_P?\`^BV>%_\`OR/_
M`([1O^#_`/T6SPO_`-^1_P#':^$1\')_%_QSU?PGX<'EPV=]>(DVHW2*MI:V
MY=GFGEVJNU(T+,P49P<+DA:V-*_9/USQ7KWANU\.ZMH'B6P\43SVMKJ=@]Q]
MGCF at 3S)HI(Y84N%=(\.%$1+AAY8<\5$&Y14EU5_D^ODO/:^A<ERMQ?2_X;_A
MKZ:GVMO^#_\`T6SPO_WY'_QVC?\`!_\`Z+9X7_[\C_X[7PM\<_V>]2^ 4VEQ
MZIJ6FW=QJB22"VB at O+6ZME0@!I8+N""5%;)VMLVMM;!X-<#0FWL#TW/TQ\;>
M!?AUX.UVUM-9^+FDZ'>6LAFDM;ZPDMY77;)'C:9E_BS]X,,H>-P#+5W_``?_
M`.BV>%_^_(_^.UZO\'/">E^*/VIOBI_:6FZ?J/D6FF^7]JMTF\O-WJV<;@<9
MP,X]!7S_`/M@?\%9?A9^R5^T=XE\+2_"+_A(_ 7P at _L?_A<GC:UBM((?AO\`
MVTRII&VR=?M.I^:S*\WV0'R(G4CSI-T*D6VK@[(ZG?\`!_\`Z+9X7_[\C_X[
M1O\`@_\`]%L\+_\`?D?_`!VO?_VC?A]H&A_!G6;JRT/1[.ZB\C9-!9QQR)F>
M,'# `C()'T-?(.H:]?/\0_#_`(;T^VT^2ZUZ*^G%Q?7<EO!;):P&=RWEQ2N<
MHK8"J3D`=\AZBT._W_!__HMGA?\`[\C_`..T;_ at __P!%L\+_`/?D?_':X3P'
MXD;QQX T7Q!]EDLX-<MVGAC=U8X2:2!^1V$D4@!(!( .!FJ_Q)\<1?#?P1J&
MM302726**1$A"F1F8(HR>@W,,GG R<'H34-#N]6MOA'J&E75O'\</"\,D\3Q
MK)Y)^0D$`_).K<=?E93Z$'FK&_X/_P#1;/"__?D?_':YB/1=?T[5_$=GJVC_
M`&:/PWJ$>FR:A;/)+I]Y,\9<I#+)'$SLFUU<!,*0O)#+DHU#0Z??\'_^BV>%
M_P#OR/\`X[1O^#__`$6SPO\`]^1_\=KRCX?_`!/NO%Z^&6O-(^Q+XRT^ZU'2
M?L]P;KS%MIIXKA)!L4QL@@:3."I0YW @K784:AH=/O\`@_\`]%L\+_\`?D?_
M`!VC?\'_`/HMGA?_`+\C_P".UP'AG5M4\9^)_%-C91^'[*U\*RV4$USJ>H7,
M7GO=122H$2&UF/ BDR3@<#UP-R[A6VNI(TFCN$C<JLL88+(`?O#<`<'KR ?4
M"C4-#H]_P?\`^BV>%_\`OR/_`([6M\'8/AOIGC?2WTGXL:#XDU*VO7O4LK:"
M1I)8U=IG`_>2-\D08\#:`AP$7A?*K/6M0UWXEW?AS3X-'B^P:(-;N+S4KV:"
M)(S<I;; L-O,Q;?(G;&">F.?1/A1:FR\=K&UQ9W3KIMZ7DM6D:$L;&8L%,B1
MN0"2,E%SC.*4KV&MQW_!.[_D^?\`:._[!7A'_P!%ZI7V=7QC_P`$[O\`D^?]
MH[_L%>$?_1>J5]G44_A02W844451(4444 %%%% !1110`4444 %%%% !1110
M`4444 %%%% !1110`4444 %%%% 'Y=_\%6?^0SX%_P"P>?\`TEL:^1Z_2_XG
M> M6^(G[07AFRT>U^V747A6:=D\U(\($TI2<L0.K#CKS6A_PR[XZ_P"@'_Y.
MV_\`\<K.E\)4MS\[/A#\7K[X+:_=ZMI5G83:K-93V=K>3F83:8TJ&,SP&.1-
MLP5CM9MP4G(&<&NWLOVU_$4^F^&X_$&CZ#XUOO"U^^HV>H^(Y;_4;IG?&4<M
M<[#'\J80*%R@;&XL3]N?\,N^.O\`H!_^3MO_`/'*/^&7?'7_`$ __)VW_P#C
ME;<ST?:WX._YD<JV_K56_(^*+C]M*\N/$D^K?\()X#^WWEOJ%O=SE=1DGOA>
MHL<S2S-=F5R$#*@+[4$C;0#@C%^,/[4VJ?&KPLVEZEH/ARS5M074OM-FMTLW
MG"VBMC]^=TPT<,>1MZKD8R<_>/\`PR[XZ_Z ?_D[;_\`QRC_`(9=\=?]`/\`
M\G;?_P".5GRJW+TT7R3NEZ)ZE<SO?U?S:LW\T?F!17Z?_P##+OCK_H!_^3MO
M_P#'*/\`AEWQU_T`_P#R=M__`(Y5"/SL^"OQ:N/@A\0+7Q'9Z5I.K7MDCB"/
M4?/,,3,-I?$,L9+;2PY)'S'C."-S5OVAK?5/#>DZ&O@/P;:Z!I>H3:F=.BEU
M,Q7<\L*Q$R.UXTN J(0$=!E><@D'[W_X9=\=?] /_P`G;?\`^.4?\,N^.O\`
MH!_^3MO_`/'*-U;^M[_F'6_];6_(^&M<_:\U;5/BC#XPM/#/A/2=8:-K:_\`
ML\=W-;ZO;-"L#6\\4]Q(OEF)=I\L(W).[=@CF_$WQG_M2#14T7POX7\'/H=V
MU]#/H\5Q]JEF.PJ7GN)II2$*`JH<*"2<9.:_0G_AEWQU_P! /_R=M_\`XY1_
MPR[XZ_Z ?_D[;_\`QRFFTTUT_P"'_/6W?4-+6?\`73\M/30_.SXQ_&#4/C7X
ML75=0M--TX0P+;V]EI\31VMJ at 9G(169F&Z1W<Y8_,YQ at 8 Y.OT__`.&7?'7_
M`$ __)VW_P#CE'_#+OCK_H!_^3MO_P#'*F,4E9#;;W/S`KL/@W\8)O at UK&I7
MD.BZ+K?]JZ=-I<T6I?:/+6&8;9-OD31-N*Y7))P#Q at X(_0__`(9=\=?]`/\`
M\G;?_P".4?\`#+OCK_H!_P#D[;__`!RGY?+[]&+_`(?[M3XF\+_MN^)/"?A4
MV$.DZ'<:DLEQ/%KEU/J$VJ6\\MN;;SDD-UM62.#:B';A0BG&02>?^('[3>O_
M`!5^%^G^&_$D-OKUQI=S)<V^N:A=WMUJJ&3;N3S))VC$9"H- at C ^7.-Q+'[Y
M_P"&7?'7_0#_`/)VW_\`CE'_``R[XZ_Z`?\`Y.V__P`<HEKOY?AL"TV\_P`=
MS\P*ZGX,_%:Z^"GQ#LO$EEINEZI>:>'\F&_$QA#,I0L1%)&Q(#''S8YZ&OT6
M_P"&7?'7_0#_`/)VW_\`CE'_``R[XZ_Z`?\`Y.V__P`<H ^(/"?[6-QHL?AC
M3(_#_AS1=%T.XNA-]DM;J^:YM;L!+J"2*>[VRHZ!1M#1L- at Q(AR:Z/Q%^U[H
M/@N[\#KX$\-:?):^#9+^[C34K&:S@,UVL:,!$E[-,VU8\[Y;ER3(1M5411]>
M?\,N^.O^@'_Y.V__`,<H_P"&7?'7_0#_`/)VW_\`CE&_]?UMNO-ONP6G]??]
M^S\C\_-5^/EY=^!/#N at V6AZ%HZ>%]4FU>QO+3[4URLTI0L&\V9T*_NX@!LR/
M*7G)8M!\5_C1_P`+5D:3_A%_"N at S7%]-J5Y/IL$YGOIY<%B\D\LKA<Y(C0J@
M+$[<XQ^A7_#+OCK_`* ?_D[;_P#QRC_AEWQU_P! /_R=M_\`XY1_7Y?Y+[D"
MTV_K?_-_>^Y^;7Q#\:?\+!\6W6K?V3HNA_:1&/L6DVOV:TBV(J92/)P6V[CS
MRQ)[UBU^G_\`PR[XZ_Z ?_D[;_\`QRC_`(9=\=?]`/\`\G;?_P".4 ?G9\%?
MBU<?!#X at 6OB.STK2=6O;)'$$>H^>88F8;2^(98R6VEAR2/F/&<$=GX%_:TU#
M0&TG3[G2]#CT?3KJX2)C937TMCIUSD7&GHLEROFVS L0DK[P22LJ,=U?<'_#
M+OCK_H!_^3MO_P#'*/\`AEWQU_T`_P#R=M__`(Y3OT?]?U^6FPK=5_7]?GJ?
M'GC7]K?2_#%OX/L?AYI<-II_ALZ@]S#>Z6(+74$O1&DUJ\#7-S(\31Q89WN&
M<F0A?+"(!YAX^^*-KXST+3]-L?"'A+PO;:?-).6TJ"X:>Z9PH_>S7$TTK*NW
MY4#!1N8XR<U^B7_#+OCK_H!_^3MO_P#'*/\`AEWQU_T`_P#R=M__`(Y2]?ZZ
M_P!>>NY5[:+^K[_>?FU\0_&G_"P?%MUJW]DZ+H?VD1C[%I-K]FM(MB*F4CR<
M%MNX\\L2>]-^'WC*;X=^.=)UZWM;.^N-'NX[R&"ZW^2[QL&7=L96P& .`PZ5
M^D__``R[XZ_Z`?\`Y.V__P`<H_X9=\=?] /_`,G;?_XY3C)Q:<>A,DFK,^&)
M/VL[RSUM=2TCP9X%T*^FOIKV^GMK6YN'U-9XWBGMYC<SR_Z/(LC;HTVC)!&"
M`:=X<_:YU+P=K_AZXTGPKX1T[3?#,EQ<6>D1)>&T:YG79)<R,UR9Y)- at 5!NE
M*JJ@!1SG[E_X9=\=?] /_P`G;?\`^.4?\,N^.O\`H!_^3MO_`/'*E)+3^M-E
MZ+HNCU6I7,[W_K7?[^O=:/0_/3Q=\9I/%?PPTKPFOA_0=-L=&U"YU"VGM3=&
MX#7&WS$)DG=2F$B ^7<!$OS$EBV'\/O&4WP[\<Z3KUO:V=]<:/=QWD,%UO\`
M)=XV#+NV,K8#`' 8=*_2?_AEWQU_T __`"=M_P#XY1_PR[XZ_P"@'_Y.V_\`
M\<JHR<9<RW%))QY7M_G_`,.?#L'[7=QI>O-J6E^!? >DWES<W-S>S6\-\TU^
M+B&2&:)I9+IY(XV65CB%HR&P0016-XW_`&C+SQ?H7A>QM?#OAKPZO at V=Y])E
MTQ+KS+<-)YI0F:>0./,^;<X+Y &['%???_#+OCK_`* ?_D[;_P#QRC_AEWQU
M_P! /_R=M_\`XY2C[MFNEK>5MONZ>K[L):[]?UW^_K\NR/SU^+'QG_X6L[2?
M\(OX6T&:XOIM1O)], at G,][/+C<7DGEE<+G)$:%4!8G;G&.*K]/\`_AEWQU_T
M`_\`R=M__CE'_#+OCK_H!_\`D[;_`/QRE&*6B&VWN?F!6[\./B)J7PN\50ZM
MIOV=Y%1X9K>XC$MO>0.I62&5#PT;J2I'7G(((!'Z1?\`#+OCK_H!_P#D[;__
M`!RC_AEWQU_T`_\`R=M__CE,1\!W7[15X+[PVMAX?\-Z/HOA>_&J6VC6:W/V
M2XNMRDRS/),UQ(Q"JO,N%5<+MR<V]%_:?NO#OQIU#QU9>$_"4.K:A%<JT#+>
M2VL<MPKK-.$>X8EV61QM<M& W"#C'WC_`,,N^.O^@'_Y.V__`,<H_P"&7?'7
M_0#_`/)VW_\`CE'KY_BK/\$E\EV#^ON;?YM_>^Y^>7CSXS3>,O"ECH-EH>A>
M&=#LKE[XV.EBX*7-PRA3-(]Q++(S!1M W;5!. -Q)Q_B'XT_X6#XMNM6_LG1
M=#^TB,?8M)M?LUI%L14RD>3 at MMW'GEB3WK])?^&7?'7_`$ __)VW_P#CE'_#
M+OCK_H!_^3MO_P#'* _K]?SU/S8\">+AX'\30ZDVE:/K2Q1RQFSU2W,]K()(
MVCRR at J=R[MRD$%653VKN(/VK-8T:;1H=$T/PUH.BZ/\`:@='MH9Y[._%TJI<
MB?[1-+*XDC14/[P;0H*;6^:ON_\`X9=\=?\`0#_\G;?_`..4?\,N^.O^@'_Y
M.V__`,<HO?\`K\'W7DPZW_KY=CX^U[]J3P[HO at 7X?R>$;.32?$7 at O4KG4/[/
M&C"/26%S'"LT7FO>S7$F#$PWN=[++P8 at B*//OB'\>'\??#W2?#$?A?POH.EZ
M'>S7MD-.6[\R)IE02J6FGD+JQC1LON8%0 P7Y:_0+_AEWQU_T __`"=M_P#X
MY1_PR[XZ_P"@'_Y.V_\`\<H_X?\`K[@6EK=+_C>_YL_-KXA^-/\`A8/BVZU;
M^R=%T/[2(Q]BTFU^S6D6Q%3*1Y."VW<>>6)/>M+X0_%Z^^"VOW>K:59V$VJS
M64]G:WDYF$VF-*AC,\!CD3;,%8[6;<%)R!G!K]$_^&7?'7_0#_\`)VW_`/CE
M'_#+OCK_`* ?_D[;_P#QRA::(/Z^X^)+3]N+QB/#VCVFH1:?X at U#1YKATU;6
M9KS4+VXBN$\N>VD,L[1F"2+"% @``W#:^7K%D_:4D/\`9-G'X-\%1>&](%TR
M:!]GNI;&XFN8_+DN)&DG:X:8*$"MYP\ORT*[3G/WK_PR[XZ_Z ?_`).V_P#\
M<H_X9=\=?] /_P`G;?\`^.4;N_\`7_#>7?7<-OZ_K_AM-CX`^-W[1^N?':PT
M6SU*&WM;#P^LBV<$=S>790R;-Q\V[GFEQA$`0.$7;PH)8GS^OT__`.&7?'7_
M`$ __)VW_P#CE'_#+OCK_H!_^3MO_P#'* \C\P*V/A]XRF^'?CG2=>M[6SOK
MC1[N.\A at NM_DN\;!EW;&5L!@#@,.E?I/_P`,N^.O^@'_`.3MO_\`'*/^&7?'
M7_0#_P#)VW_^.549.+YEN*44U9GPQ)^UG>6>MKJ6D>#/`NA7TU]->WT]M:W-
MP^IK/&\4]O,;F>7_`$>19&W1IM&2",$`U1D_:4D/]DV<?@WP5%X;T at 73)H'V
M>ZEL;B:YC\N2XD:2=KAI at H0*WG#R_+0KM.<_>O\`PR[XZ_Z ?_D[;_\`QRC_
M`(9=\=?]`/\`\G;?_P".5%DE;Y?+MZ+HMEN5=WO_`%Z^KZOKL? 'QN_:/USX
M[6&BV>I0V]K8>'UD6S at CN;R[*&39N/FW<\TN,(@"!PB[>%!+$^?U^G__``R[
MXZ_Z`?\`Y.V__P`<H_X9=\=?] /_`,G;?_XY3%Y'I_P`_P"3IOBS_P!>FF?^
ME>KU\'_\%$?^"!/Q"_;(\=_MI>(M)\4>']/U#X]_\(/_`,(1%+XKUG3["U_L
M>.WCU#^V+.VC^S7&Y82;;S([KRV.Y?(8EJ^@OB3XLU3PO^U-XV_LW4M0T[S[
M2U\S[+</#YF+O4<9VD9QDXSZFL_4/VA-4TG58;&Z\<:A;7USM\FWEUETEEW'
M:NU2^3D@@8')&*FG\)4MSZM_:A_Y(7KG_;O_`.E$5?$VI> #XF^)WAO6)(?"
M=Y9Z#;Z@)+/Q`LCVMQ)/`(HCM6VN`QC<B7#QX)C R"01VFJ?$+7]<L)+6]US
M6+RUEQOAGO))(WP01E22#@@'ZBN?N-6M;._M[6:ZMXKJ\W?9X7D"R3[1EMJG
MEL#DXZ"J)+&EZ /!O at 3POH+:]<>)+K0M*2SN;]S-Y3/YDD at BA$IWB&)'2)<J
M@(BSL7.*YOXN^!YOB/\`#G4]%@GCMY[Q$,<D@)4,CJX!QR 2N,C.,YP<8.YI
M6K6NN6$=U8W5O>6LN=DT$@DC?!(.&&0<$$?45)=W<5A:R3SR1PP0H9)))&"K
M&H&223P`!SDT`:FM6TU_KOB37M3US3[R^U[5?M%EI6F++):Z3;[6:3?<3002
M2R22., 1X41GD[@%SZIZ)XAT_P`2VK3Z;?6>H0*YC:2VF6558 '!*DC."#CW
M%7* ,KX/?#)/`7A[PC=:]JVEWE]X(T*_TK2;'26N&:XFU"2[:>:ZDF at C5$BC
MN-BQQ;R[C=O"\5JU7N-6M;._M[6:ZMXKJ\W?9X7D"R3[1EMJGEL#DXZ"K% &
M/X(\`3:)XU\5:]]G^&]Y=:Q=V$EC)K\,LUSIRVT+*_EC[!<(OF.Z'<K*P\@9
M!R,;EW"MM=21I-'<)&Y598PP60`_>&X`X/7D`^H%9=YXMTK3OMGVC4M/@_L[
M9]K\RX1?LN_[GF9/R[NV<9[5H4 9>B?#[3[CXFZSXFU:W\-ZE GAV/3-/LM2
MT];YC=&]CD:58Y8GA 6$2KN8AOGP`<DCT#X57+7OQ!DF<1J\UEJ#L(XUC4$V
MDYX50 H]@ !VKB_[6M?[5^P_:K?[=Y7G_9_,'F^7G;OV]=N>,XQGBNP^#_\`
MR.__`'#[_P#](YJ4MAQW)O\`@G=_R?/^T=_V"O"/_HO5*^SJ^,?^"=W_`"?/
M^T=_V"O"/_HO5*^SJ5/X4.6["BBBJ)"BBB@`HHHH`**** "BBB@`HHHH`***
M* "BBB@`HHHH`**** "BBB@`HHHH`^0_'>F^/=9^+:V?PRU+P_HOC2\\"206
M.HZS&\EKIZ-/H2SS[%5M\L<!E>)&4HTJQA_D+5'^R+X]^)W[0'@OXT:3X9^+
M&I>*?"<%U#8_#SXL:QX=TZ:XO)6 at V7YAAM8K2SOX+:=?W-TL*PN\C*?M"PL7
MY#]JSP)X/^+/B^W\(>/M`OO$_A'Q5X+ET_4M-M=<N]':ZCSH\FUI[5TE*$Q@
M, at 8*X)#9&09-.\,_#&R^#6K_``_N/"'CK6?"NLR6DLEOK7Q2\0:O/926DBRV
MSV=S=7$D]DT4B(ZM:R1$,B'.5!&-&+Y)WZJR^]7]+6TMJ[ZNVAI4WC;H[O[O
MQ^>B[-ZH_9D\:?''XXZW\<OA+J/Q.^(7P[\4>&Y]`U#P_JOC/P[X;O?&&G6%
MP=]U+LTV+^Q;BUG^S3P02*)989#<&9<I$A[W_ at FCXV\??$#QW\=IO$/Q*\3_
M`!(\#>%_&7_")>$[S7M/TBWO'>QMT74IM^G65I')&;R22%=R$K]D;GDUE_ 3
MQYX+_9K?6IO"_ at W79=1\1212:GJFO>--1\1:I>B)2D4;WFH-/<&*,%MD7F>6
MADD*J"[EMGX+_';PO^SU\/+?PKX.\ IHV at VMQ=7:6RZQ),3-<W$ES/(SR(SL
MSS32.2S$Y8]L"NCFM)M:WC;_`+>O'7K;2+7GS-^1C+566GO7^5FFOOLU?9*V
MNY]#_%SP]XB\6_#+7-+\)^(X_"'B/4+1X+#6WTU-2_LN1N/.6W=E21U&2H<E
M-VTLKJ"C?-/_``3D^-_Q&\3?''XQ?#_XC:GXXFF\'MI-_HUEX]LM%@\4K:W<
M$@>>230XUTN:R>:!UA:)FF5X[A9MN(Q7-V5I\*M-_9AC^#=K\,);7X=P3_:X
M-.A\47L<]K/]L-\LT-VI%U%*MT?-21)59& VE0`!M? 3QYX+_9K?6IO"_ at W7
M9=1\1212:GJFO>--1\1:I>B)2D4;WFH-/<&*,%MD7F>6ADD*J"[EIAI*3?56
M_P"#Y?C=:>E3UC9;W_KUNNG1]=[_`&%7$_M%Z;X]UGX-ZS9_#+4O#^B^-+P1
M06.HZS&\EKIZ-,BSS[%5M\L<!E>)&4HTJQA_D+5YO_PW)_U*_P#Y4O\`[57"
M_M)?%/P?^UQ\&-:^'OC[P/?:MX1\11K#J5C:^)[O3&O(PP;RVEM?*EV$@!D#
M[7&58$$@YU%)QM'?[ORU^XJ%E*[_`,SE_@]^T!\9O$W[/O[1&H?#GQ'J7QPT
M_P`-08^%OC'6-*T^"X\3WBVK"\AB6SCL[2^MX+E,0W$<<4<S.\7F.(S*=C_@
MFW^USKOQ:_:'^*WPVU+Q#\2/&FE^#=)T/7;#6?'GA*#PQK\37_VN.:TGLXK6
MSVQHUH'B:2TB=A)(098_*E:AX U'P7\,?AAK7 at _2-'^)RZ)KT44$WVOXN>([
MZ\M$C&$6TNY[E[BR`''^C219`&<X%;OP$^)7 at G]F7P]J&G^#?A_+8_VS=M?Z
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M(2&8@!L#```J_L]Z_P" /V8-1U>_\)^!]<;5M=BM[:^U37?&VI>(M2F at MPP@
MM_M6H//.L$?F2%(5<1JTCL%!9B9IV4Y.6S22_&_ITUUTOY-54UBE'>[^Z\;?
M at I:::M:M73^SJ\\_:P_:;\+_`+&O[./C#XG^,[M;/PYX-TY[^Z;.&F886.%/
M6261DC4=V=17"?\`#<G_`%*__E2_^U4?\-R?]2O_`.5+_P"U5%2+<6HNS[]B
MZ<HJ:<E=7U6U_(^:_P#@F[^V'\9/VV_V<?CU9Z+\7/A7XJ^*&A^,;6UTC4;.
M>SO='\+Z=>:?IMS*D+62$72VKS:E%;S3!Q/-: 2-M#A?=?\`@G1\7O%GQ3UG
MXF1S^-=7^+'POTG5+:#P9X]U73[&SN/$!\C;?Q1M8P6]M=VL%PF([N*!$D,D
MB!I?),A\:U/X-_!?7/AI\2_!]_\`#[QAJ'A_XP7R:EXPMKKXGZ_.VLSHJ(&:
M5[@R1AHXXXV2)D5XXHXV#(BJ/1/@!\2O"_[,^A76F^%]!\:SV-V(E,7B#XBZ
MSXD^SK&I5$@.HRW!@0`XVQ%%.!D'`QIS+=*WN05KW]Y1BI.[\TW?XI7;D];&
M/++:]_>D[[:-NRLM.JTVC:ROHSZ(_:+TWQ[K/P;UFS^&6I>']%\:7 at B@L=1U
MF-Y+73T:9%GGV*K;Y8X#*\2,I1I5C#_(6KQC_ at G1\7O%GQ3UGXF1S^-=7^+'
MPOTG5+:#P9X]U73[&SN/$!\C;?Q1M8P6]M=VL%PF([N*!$D,DB!I?),A\SU;
MPI\(=9_9#N?@/)\,;Z'X4W at E6XT2U\8ZE:M.DMRUS*C7,;K<LCRNY9#+M8,5
M(*?+75_L_P#Q+\,?LRZ'=:;X7T'QK-977E#R_$'Q%UCQ)]G6-2J)`=1EN# @
M!QMB*J<#(.!B:>DIM]4DOO5_3;2VKN[NVA=3514>[OZ=/6_GHNEWJ?3GQ<\/
M>(O%OPRUS2_"?B./PAXCU"T>"PUM]-34O[+D;CSEMW94D=1DJ')3=M+*Z at HW
MPW\-/C=^T=XG^'O[4_P_T75/'$OQ8\(:#:7_`,.[/Q[9^&[?Q2D]W9S".>23
M38UT2:R>YA*PMEW5X[A9]H$:UZY\</CGX7_:-^&U]X1\8>!Y=2T._D at G>.'7
MI[*>*6"9)X9H;BW5)H98Y8T=)(G5U9000:\]T[PA\);'X>>*/#,_P\U_6+7Q
ME/:W.K:AK7C[5]6UN>2U97M&34[J62^A^SNHDA\J=/)D+/'L9F8SROWK]5;_
M`(*[/?O?;3=:1DEROLT_^ ^Z?;3OW3TOV<Y_CEX_L?BI\&_%7Q8\8>$?C%H,
M. at ZW%XD9- \465AI=W/+DV+1Z)I<;RRBRO8)%NK200MY<B-(,J<CX#_%CX\:
MG\'_`-K+6/"GCCQ%\8)O!.KW/ACX:_\`"1:7HR7=U?:?:*+Z0"PM;&&=3>R2
M0HCXRUF5WC<377_ 3QYX)_9J;6IO"W at G5VU+Q'+%+JFK:WXPU#Q!JVH>4FR)
M);Z_:>Y>.-20D9D*)O?:HW-E?"_CWP3X$^!5Q\-_#_ at G5O#OA.YDNIFCTCQ?
M?Z??))<W+W4\B7T)6[21YI9'+I*&^<C..*JI=\SCUBUVM+W;/RLDUIOS-[F=
M'W>5/I)/75VL[IZ*]Y6:OHDK:[GD7@#_`(*C^)/@]X(_::>XO/B)\3[?X,^#
M=+\7Z/=?$#PM'X5UR:XO%NXWL;FUM[.U=(5EM4=&:RCE99)=OG)Y4C>V_P#!
M-KXT^+O'?B7Q=X?^)GBKXI77Q)TVPT_6-0\/>*O#^AZ1IUC:WAN#!=:4FG+)
M,+61HIHA'?7<UU']F E6-VR^%\.M5^&/PN^%WB3P;IOPMM[S0_&AG/B3^V=<
MN-9O?$C3*4D:_N[P2W-XQC/EAIY'*QJJ*0BJH/V>]?\``'[,&HZO?^$_`^N-
MJVNQ6]M?:IKOC;4O$6I306X806_VK4'GG6"/S)"D*N(U:1V"@LQ.BE'G<GV2
M^>M]-ET5^J3OJ[K-Q?*E'O\`A[N[W=[2;6B3:2;BK/ZL^+GA[Q%XM^&6N:7X
M3\1Q^$/$>H6CP6&MOIJ:E_9<C<><MN[*DCJ,E0Y*;MI974%&_/;4/VU_C7\'
M_ at 3^U1I^K>)/%5AXN^'.GZ/?^$X_B+I&C/XJBCOQY+2J-#A.DW,<LR/'9X$C
M+<K(MT%C"BOH'XX?'/PO^T;\-K[PCXP\#RZEH=_)!.\<.O3V4\4L$R3PS0W%
MNJ30RQRQHZ21.KJR@@@UQ'A?2OA7X7^'_C'PRWPYU37M/^($:0^(+CQ)XUU/
MQ#J6I1QKMBC:^OWFNE2+):)5E"Q.S/&$=F8X<KM/S5E^?R];/3\-N9>[Y-/_
M`#7FFNFFNM]T^2^'G[?7Q0_9Y^#O[5.L>.(_&GB*\^"^E6&LZ'H?Q @T:V\3
MG[39NX^TR>'XCITEE)-'^Z,'F7"E+E9 "(EK0^%7QH^.GCS]G'XY^'M+\5_%
M*Z_:<TWPA%K&B>'O%7A_PSH^G6$]XER;&ZTI(%D46LDT4D0CU.[FGC^S`3*C
M,2_5?#R\^&OPV\$>+O#]O\.KW7-/\?1F#Q')XG\67_B6]UR'R3"(;BZU$SW$
MD*QEE6)I"B!WVJ-S9YO1?AG\&M%\%>)=#;X:Z]JT/BU+*/4=0UGX@:QJVL%+
M*3S;)8=1NI9+RV6WES+"()HQ%(6=-KDL;EJY/O%)>3UN_)[:ZWUT6C4T[QY6
M]U)MWU5KQLO-64M-+-K5JZ<7AG]M#XG_`+&_P(_:(;XJW'B+QM\3/A#X8L?%
MD%E?ZMIFHZ1=6MVETEK]GN]/T32Y<M<6LZS1R6LC)Y2&-WWXKTS_`()M?&GQ
M=X[\2^+O#_Q,\5?%*Z^).FV&GZQJ'A[Q5X?T/2-.L;6\-P8+K2DTY9)A:R-%
M-$([Z[FNH_LP$JQNV7YKX>2_#'X:^#_%VAVWPWNM;M/'\/V;Q)/XG\5WWB6^
MUR 1&%8+F[U$SW$L*QLZI$TA1 [[5&]LV/V>]?\``'[,&HZO?^$_`^N-JVNQ
M6]M?:IKOC;4O$6I306X806_VK4'GG6"/S)"D*N(U:1V"@LQ.BDN>4GLTDO57
MN[=.FNM]=$[6SY&H*,7U>_\`V[N^NTM-+7CJTG?ZR^(_Q L?A9X*U#Q!J=OK
MEU8Z:@DFBT?1KS6+UP6"_N[2SBEN)3DCB.-B!DXP"1YWX>_:"?\`:B\`^)K/
MX7W/BGP9XFL88UM]3\=?"W7]-M+9Y"V'6VU"/3VN\*CY$4WR$H7X(5L'_AN3
M_J5__*E_]JK#^(_[4EC\4_!6H>']3\/ZY:V.I((YI='\5WFCWJ ,&_=W=GY5
MQ$<@<QR*2,C."0<)1O%I]5IJU^*U^ZQM&5FFN_:_X/\`70Y_]C;XB?&[]H3_
M`()2^&]6L_&?A_4OC-JRW5A+XIUG38[6US%JTUK->?9;:/RA*EM&[Q1[#&95
MC#Y4N:YGX/?M`?&;Q-^S[^T1J'PY\1ZE\<-/\-08^%OC'6-*T^"X\3WBVK"\
MAB6SCL[2^MX+E,0W$<<4<S.\7F.(S*>7T[X&?!33?V;_`!)\(5\`^-[CX<>+
M`JZEHEW\5O$=W"Z"5I6CB>6Y:2".21W:5(619BQ\P/78^ -1\%_#'X8:UX/T
MC1_B<NB:]%%!-]K^+GB.^O+1(QA%M+N>Y>XL@!Q_HTD60!G.!3ES/VCZR6G1
M7=F]%I%*VG*KZ]%H11]Q4U_*]>NB]?BOUYOQ;N7_`/@FW^USKOQ:_:'^*WPV
MU+Q#\2/&FE^#=)T/7;#6?'GA*#PQK\37_P!KCFM)[.*UL]L:-:!XFDM(G822
M$&6/RI6^R*^1?@%\2_!/[,F@:AI_ at WX?RV)UB[;4-4O[WQ#<ZIJFL7+<>=>7
MUT);JZD"X16FE<JB(BD(JJ.\_P"&Y/\`J5__`"I?_:JVJ23M;M_7^7GN]63"
M+5^W3KT2W?=W?97LM$CWZO#?^"DGQI\2_L_?L7^,O$_@^]M],\20_8K"QOIK
M9;D6#W=];VAG6-_D>2-9RZ!PR;U7<KKE33_X;D_ZE?\`\J7_`-JKFOC#^T)X
M:^/WPRUKP;XP\ V^N>&_$%L;6^LYM49!(AP05=(P\<BL`R2(RNCJK*RLH(QF
MFU9&L79W9K_LG>)?''A/]J/XL?"_Q5X^UKXE:9X5TO0=>TG5]=T[3K3581?_
M`&Z.:VD.GVUK;R1*UB'0^0KCSG#,X"[?HROCOX >-? _[,TVO7'A7P5K3:GX
MHFBGU;5==\9ZCXAU74#%'Y<*27NH-/<-%&N0D7F;$WN54%V)]&_X;D_ZE?\`
M\J7_`-JK233V_K^OQ,XIJ]SWZO#?^"E?QI\2_L\_L,?$;QAX/U&RTKQ1I&FK
M_9MS<VINBLTDT<2K#%L=7N6\S;"LBF(S-%Y@\O?5/_AN3_J5_P#RI?\`VJL#
MXI?M)^'_`(V?#S6/"?BKP';ZUX?UZV:UOK.;4B%F0^C+&&5 at 0&5U(96564A@
M",:D6XM1W-*<DI)L\6^$_P`;/VD/&WPH_:J\%Z#J/CB;XI^"]'LY_ -EX\M/
M#4/BNUO+RPD>)YGTQ!HDEH\T?[DDNZLEPL^ (Q6Y\)/VW?$'[%/PY^.DW[2?
MBCQ+?:[\(]#TWQ1>27FJ:3J>FRV-Z+F*TCL;FRT;2&:::YMI86BGMFVN(MDC
M*YPNG>%_A/8_#/Q/X4F^'>N:M8^,KFVO-7O]7\=ZMJFMW4UJ4:TD&J7,DE]&
MUNR*T)CG4PL"T>QB2>G^`GCSP3^S4VM3>%O!.KMJ7B.6*75-6UOQAJ'B#5M0
M\I-D22WU^T]R\<:DA(S(43>^U1N;.L_>4K.UTDM-FNJ3T3\];]5J33TY>=7M
M)MZVNFU=-]59.RTY6[W=M?+_`/@F[^V'\9/VV_V<?CU9Z+\7/A7XJ^*&A^,;
M6UTC4;.>SO='\+Z=>:?IMS*D+62$72VKS:E%;S3!Q/-:`2-M#A?=?^"='Q>\
M6?%/6?B9'/XUU?XL?"_2=4MH/!GCW5=/L;.X\0'R-M_%&UC!;VUW:P7"8CNX
MH$20R2(&E\DR'QK4_ at W\%]<^&GQ+\'W_`,/O&&H>'_C!?)J7C"VNOB?K\[:S
M.BH at 9I7N#)&&CCCC9(F17CBCC8,B*H]$_9_^)?AC]F70[K3?"^@^-9K*Z\H>
M7X@^(NL>)/LZQJ51(#J,MP8$`.-L153 at 9!P,6I1WM;W(*V^J45)W?FFT_BE=
MN3UL9N,N]_>D[[:-NRLM.JTVC:ROHSZB^(_Q`L?A9X*U#Q!J=OKEU8Z:@DFB
MT?1KS6+UP6"_N[2SBEN)3DCB.-B!DXP"1Y_X3_;8\&^,_!?B+7K/1?BY#8^%
MTADO(K_X5>*+"]F$K%5^RVL^GI<7A!4[A;1R%!@L%!!/._\`#<G_`%*__E2_
M^U4?\-R?]2O_`.5+_P"U5EKK^'_![_@:Z:?U_7]:'?? W]I?PY^T,VI#0--^
M(&G_`-D^7Y__``DW@/7/"^_S-VWRO[3M+?SL;#N\K=LRN[&Y<])\1_B!8_"S
MP5J'B#4[?7+JQTU!)-%H^C7FL7K at L%_=VEG%+<2G)'$<;$#)Q@$CQW_AN3_J
M5_\`RI?_`&JC_AN3_J5__*E_]JIR_N_Y_P"0H[ZG1>$_VV/!OC/P7XBUZST7
MXN0V/A=(9+R*_P#A5XHL+V82L57[+:SZ>EQ>$%3N%M'(4&"P4$$GA/\`;8\&
M^,_!?B+7K/1?BY#8^%TADO(K_P"%7BBPO9A*Q5?LMK/IZ7%X05.X6T<A08+!
M003SO_#<G_4K_P#E2_\`M5'_``W)_P!2O_Y4O_M5#ZV^7K^OIIZAZ]_P_P`_
M/\._1>$_VV/!OC/P7XBUZST7XN0V/A=(9+R*_P#A5XHL+V82L57[+:SZ>EQ>
M$%3N%M'(4&"P4$$GA/\`;8\&^,_!?B+7K/1?BY#8^%TADO(K_P"%7BBPO9A*
MQ5?LMK/IZ7%X05.X6T<A08+!003SO_#<G_4K_P#E2_\`M5'_``W)_P!2O_Y4
MO_M5#ZV^7K^OIIZAZ]_P_P`_/\._?? W]I?PY^T,VI#0--^(&G_V3Y?G_P#"
M3> ]<\+[_,W;?*_M.TM_.QL.[RMVS*[L;ESTGQ'^(%C\+/!6H>(-3M]<NK'3
M4$DT6CZ->:Q>N"P7]W:6<4MQ*<D<1QL0,G& 2/'?^&Y/^I7_`/*E_P#:J/\`
MAN3_`*E?_P`J7_VJB7]W_/\`R".^IT7A/]MCP;XS\%^(M>L]%^+D-CX72&2\
MBO\`X5>*+"]F$K%5^RVL^GI<7A!4[A;1R%!@L%!!)X3_`&V/!OC/P7XBUZST
M7XN0V/A=(9+R*_\`A5XHL+V82L57[+:SZ>EQ>$%3N%M'(4&"P4$$\[_PW)_U
M*_\`Y4O_`+51_P`-R?\`4K_^5+_[50^MOEZ_KZ:>H>O?\/\`/S_#OT7A/]MC
MP;XS\%^(M>L]%^+D-CX72&2\BO\`X5>*+"]F$K%5^RVL^GI<7A!4[A;1R%!@
ML%!!)X3_`&V/!OC/P7XBUZST7XN0V/A=(9+R*_\`A5XHL+V82L57[+:SZ>EQ
M>$%3N%M'(4&"P4$$\[_PW)_U*_\`Y4O_`+51_P`-R?\`4K_^5+_[50^MOEZ_
MKZ:>H>O?\/\`/S_#OWWP-_:7\.?M#-J0T#3?B!I_]D^7Y_\`PDW@/7/"^_S-
MVWRO[3M+?SL;#N\K=LRN[&Y<^@5X#_PW)_U*_P#Y4O\`[51_PW)_U*__`)4O
M_M5-VZ!KU/$?C+_R=-XQ_P"O2V_]*]0KQOQ9XZT[X?Z3\7H=9L[/4K?6M2\-
MRG1[G4I+%]8MHH;K>8]F'D1)A%NVD 8^\" #[)\9?^3IO&/_`%Z6W_I7J%&A
M>+-4\+^;_9NI:AIWGX\S[+</#YF,XSM(SC)QGU-13^$J6Y)XWM);#QGJ\$\=
MG#-#>S1R1VBE;>-@[ B,'D(#P >V*X.]MKJ[_:0\`1V=Y;Z?,VG^(-UQ-9F\
M6./^S7\S$0EB+,4W!?WB@,03D @]9=W<M_=23SR2333.9)))&+-(Q.223R23
MSDU)8:M=:5YWV6YN+;[3$T$WE2%/-C;[R-CJIP,@\'%42<O\#/\`DV?X;_\`
M8*N__3M?UN7=W%86LD\\D<,$*&2221 at JQJ!DDD\``<Y-7+_5KK5?)^U7-Q<_
M9HE at A\V0OY4:_=1<]%&3@#@9JO0!S?P"\0Q:I^S+\/[*&^CN!I=E>1SP),'^
MR3/J5VY#*#\CM&T+8."5*'H1725H:[XLU3Q1Y7]I:EJ&H^1GR_M5P\WEYQG&
MXG&<#./05GT`<?\`#CQ$GQ+^/'@O4--M[AO[/T7Q+/J%L=K7.E(+&:W!ND1F
M,&90% DP3O3^\N>PK0_X2S5/["_LO^TM0_LS_GT^T/Y'WMWW,[?O<].O/6L^
M@#R]+R#1O'WC+5-;CM[SP7I?C#PK/K]E("JSQ?9;P1M(VV0/;J^#)"()&E! 
M4H5R?7/$-S>7NOWTVHB1=0FN)'NA)'Y;"4L2^5P-IW9XP,46GB'4+"UC@@OK
MR&&&X%W''',RK',!@2@`X#@<;AS[U7N[N6_NI)YY))IIG,DDDC%FD8G)))Y)
M)YR:`.+T[Q9I?A'X_P#B235M2T_2X[KP+'!"UW<)"LTG]KV[[%+$;FVH[8'.
M%8] :]4^"EW%?^+89X)(YH)M-OI(Y(V#+(ILIB""."".<BLO0O%FJ>%_-_LW
M4M0T[S\>9]EN'A\S&<9VD9QDXSZFN@^&>K76N?$9[J]N;B\NI=/OM\T\ADD?
M%E,!ECDG``'T%*6PX[C?^"=W_)\_[1W_`&"O"/\`Z+U2OLZOC'_ at G=_R?/\`
MM'?]@KPC_P"B]4K[.I4_A0Y;L****HD**** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HH
MHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@#X_^*/CKQ5H7Q.T;1_#.KV^C?VEH27E
MS-+!--O\B"Q1%"QS1?\`/PQR2>G3DUP&N?M;ZCX8^*%EX'U+X[?#S3_&FI!#
M::!<SM#JET'SL\NV;41*V[:V,*<X/I79_$W_`)."\,_]BK-_Z!I5?'/CW2;J
MP^ _Q<^$-U\/_&&K?$3QUKNL7NEWUOX<NKS2]2EN[IIM.U.34S']BMS:1_9L
MK/,DL1L`L:-B`/PQ;<U'^GJE9???Y;6NUU**<;MVU2OT2LW=^2LE\][V3^KO
M`_QH\>_$C0WU+1?B-I]Y91W=S8-)_8]]'B:VGDMYEP]X#\LL3KG&#MR"003L
M?\)7\4_^A[T__P`%EW_\G5^??AOPIXRT$:I;^#[SX\>'?%5KJGC6;Q3</HVM
M3:1;Z=*^IO93:=9W*I87=U]I>QEB%EF>0&3<^&8U[M^POXYUCPCX+BTK5/#?
MQ0OH-;\42:98ZMJKZY>*\<>G"5K^6+6P-0TVVDD at DC$$KSJD\JK'-*CAQ23>
MSZ)_>[?=MZN]DTFR7INNK^5E?[[*^G2S=FTCZ._X2OXI_P#0]Z?_`."R[_\`
MDZN4^('[4.N?";7=%TOQ5\;?`GAG4_$DWV?2+357DLY]5EW*NRW234%:5MSH
M,("<NH[BJG[/*32?#G6EMI/'D-PVOZP(G\;1F2[1_ML^#&H92UB#C[. PS;^
M5R.M?*/[9GP^^)U]KNL:?KUYK>JZQXA\*1:;:W/@?X>W$^B^-F%Y,QT;4DDE
MO6TV-4D`%U]IM ?MLDGGX at V)%.3=2,'L[?DWI^6WHF]#24%:5MTVONDE=WMZ
M[]-6E=K[`E_:.\26_P`3HO!,GQE\%IXSFM/M\>@-YHU22VY'G"V_M#S3'\K?
M.%V\'GBLGXM_MDW'P O;.V\>?'[X:^";C4D:6TBUZ[.FO=(I`9HQ-J*E@"0"
M1G&17SW\`].^(GPI_:;U&S\[X at W%UXB\9:QJWBG2)_"]M_PC2:2\4[6-W;:N
MEE$\]TL::;;B)[N:0 2(841 \?K'QV\2ZW^T)\%_!WAG0]!\7^'U^+BQ1ZQ)
M?:?):W7AC26B$UZET5)6WNGBS:HN_<)9]R[A$Y![W+%Q>]K^K\^RMJ]=G=)Z
M*8J/-)2V5]5V7D[:M*Z6CUCO=-^C>)/C]XR\*?#:?QA>?%#13X:@LQJ'V^WT
MR]NHI8&4,KQ^5>L90P(VA Q;<-H.16?\4/VKM6^!\VEQ^-?CEX!\'R:X[1Z:
MFN2OI[7[KM#+$)M14R,-Z9"Y(WKZBN;_`&C=.AOKSX7_``ZTV-;.RUKQ#;7$
M]O;CRUAT[2U^VE1CHAF at M(BHZK*5Z$D<[^W]KL,_P^U+PU:Z7\0)/$7B+1KF
MWL)?#WA&?5[;60RLATF\NH8)/L=O.[H'=IK1 at I+)<Q%&=4ZGO:7MS-6ZM633
MTOZ=7H[)Z)E.G>RG9:)M]$V[=;;;ZV5FKM:M>@7'[7]]:?%M? $OQZ^',?CN
M0 at +X;>Y9=78F/S1BU_M'S>8_G^[]WYNG-7_'?[2WB'X6Z[H6E^)OC1X(\.ZE
MXHN/L>C6FJ&2SGU>?<B^5;I)J :9]TD8VH"<NHQR*\#\,3:]X'_:\5?"Z_%*
MWF\1:K%=>.- O/"J_P#")000Z'' +JQU,VBEY=]M91+&E[(2QES `&9.<_;4
M\/\`B3XP>%?[;\#V/B#3_$GQJ\"Q>&I_#/B'X=W^IFVA9I9$6:[@N(+?1YXS
M?2F5KJ60'R4V(S18?17O!7NG:_S3:MONU:ZOW:5F at BDTW+31/T=TG?;;>S2N
MK:VDF?8W_"5_%/\`Z'O3_P#P67?_`,G4?\)7\4_^A[T__P`%EW_\G5:TZV:S
MT^WADD:9X8U1G;JY`P2?K4U9N33LF3#6*;5GV,__`(2OXI_]#WI__ at LN_P#Y
M.K=\#>(/'DR:O/K/C!KR&RLA-#'907%JWF&>%,LSW,H*[7?@`'.TYP"#2K8\
M-?\`(&\0?]@]/_2JWI<S*Y4>9V?Q\\?6OPEMO&6N?$CP_P"'=';2X]5O;F^M
M[B&VT^)HA(S23/?*JJH/+- at 8&>*/A=^T9XF^.'AG^VO!?QD\%^,-&$S6YO\`
M1!+J%KYJX+)YD.H,NX;AD9R,CUKQ_P",NA7D_P`"/@=KQ\/ZEXK\/>#=3TK6
M]=TG3[+[==2VZ6$L<5Q';!6>X:VN9+>Y\N(&4^1NC5W54;C?VCOB3;_%C5-)
MUJWT+]H'1OAW-%JL6H2^%O#FOZ%K6HZVL%F+&6:"UBBU1K<1?:HU>2,6YDB4
M2958C3YW9O?5Z+?1)_-R^&*V<K*]VTJC33E&/=7O\VK?*RD^R=[;-_6W_"5_
M%/\`Z'O3_P#P67?_`,G5Q_P__:B\7?%+Q?X at T70?B$]]<^&+AK2_N?\`A%-7
MBT[ST8I)%%>/<K;7$D;JR2)#([1LI5PK`BOF'X;?#3XO7. at Q>+_&6J?$W_A8
M>F>,O"]K)96>KWR:.+22TT>/52ME$PM9[<O)?%Y&C=8V61D9"I(X_1?@:?V?
MO#FF_P!O+^T%IO@'4-3\7W>J1^'];\5WUX-175I3ILLJ64DEY#;R6KW4IDBV
M0S.R/.7<Q,:J?NXN<W>U]NZC&>_FG9::STTW(IKG245JVON?,GIY-+791=_(
M^_O^$K^*?_0]Z?\`^"R[_P#DZN6\!_M-Z]\4_$&N:3X8^-7@;Q'JOAB<6VLV
M6EM)>7&DREG41W$<>H,T+;HY!M<`Y1AV-<I^Q3\4;[QG\#O NFZG8^*KC4H?
M`N at ZM=:YJ4+M;:I)=6[!E6X=BTMPAA+RAAD">(DDOQ3_`&3_`!%_:OQ<^.4+
M:3XHT[S/&27<$VJ>'K[3;>^A_LVRMO,MY;B%([A?-M9ES$SC"JWW71FTJ4Y0
MK3I2?PIOYJ48_JW\B(R4J:FNKCZ:J_\`E;U.T^+7[4NM? +2K6^\=?&_P'X*
ML;Z4P6UQKTCZ;%<2`;BB--J"AFP"< DX&:Z73?'OQ*UG3K>\L_B%I%U:74:S
M03PZ?=21S(P!5E87V&4@@@C@@U\^?M&:QKGP7_:+UWQI!I6K3MK?@ZTT7PYK
M=IX.U+QA#HUW#=W$UU;SV&G$7*I<));L)0R(S6P#N"D:OXSJ]KXPT']G_P`0
M>-?&MU\4/!FH7/BCPGI2:/X?N=6M;;2].G30?MMMINGVS,Q!F-U$#$LDRGS8
MT8%G!SHMSTOV]-9<B7XIO:RULU9O2I%1E;^G:*DW^:ZW:U:=TOO#_A*_BG_T
M/>G_`/@LN_\`Y.KD_BU^U+K7P"TJUOO'7QO\!^"K&^E,%M<:](^FQ7$@&XHC
M3:@H9L G`).!FO*OV0O%>K^"FU2S;3/BQJW at CQ7XPDM?!T_B2#4;C4M(L5TM
M)9I;]M1(OH;9KR"[2(W.7+31`#RWC(K?M&:QKGP7_:+UWQI!I6K3MK?@ZTT7
MPYK=IX.U+QA#HUW#=W$UU;SV&G$7*I<));L)0R(S6P#N"D:O-24H6OV3VU^&
M]K=[^[;OHKNR;A%._?\`^VY;^BU>VRULM5]!Z;X]^)6LZ=;WEG\0M(NK2ZC6
M:">'3[J2.9& *LK"^PRD$$$<$&H/$WQ1^(/@OP[?:OK'Q,T'2=)TR![J\O;V
MSN;>WM(D!9Y))&OPJ(H!)9B `,FOA?PA9_&+7/VB/#-]XDUSQ3\.9U70)=(T
M+1_ 7B:^T 6C6-J;NR:2RO\`^RK53<_;86.HVKSP`JXD*+"4A\(>'_$'B?PQ
M):^*HOVCFLX]!M+OXAS7>F:CJ=U8^*(-7LIK2YT:VNHIK6:&&2.\D=-,AEMF
MA2$&-_D4ZRBT[7M^-M+[Z+2W*]5:;C%V4N8F-K7W^'\6EMJ_-;W2;6UC[/\`
M`?[4VL_%/1--U+PQ\</ 7B/3=8NI+&PNM+D>\@OKB-&DDAB>/4"KR*B.S*I)
M"HQ(P#70Z_\`$OXB>%-$N]2U3XD:'INFV$33W-W=65S#!;1J,L[NU\%50!DD
MD "OC?Q)INO?%0?#[Q9XJT/X@:AI/ASXCSM!JN at Z#KOA;6-7LFT1[>"]U#3K
M=ENED^UB.VDF:)(VC3?Y4-M(RUYK9>%/BA\8O"?Q<TVXL?B?-I_C3X>:Q=7/
MAV>R\66BZ-K*30/;V$%]JUZZ7,FV6:/=81VUO,J$;'7:J+7FY;VTOKLK1YK/
M1-=4]/=?*G9R012TOU:7WR<>]M+7WU5WT/T=7Q;\4F&1X\TX@\@C3+OG_P`G
MJ7_A*_BG_P!#WI__`(++O_Y.K%^!XTL?"30/[%7Q.NE_9%^SCQ%_:']J!>?^
M/C^T/]+WYS_K_GQCMBNJK.4G&30J=I04NZ,__A*_BG_T/>G_`/@LN_\`Y.H_
MX2OXI_\`0]Z?_P""R[_^3JT**GGD5RHL> ]=^(6H>(MFK>-([BQCM;F=X[2T
MN;>9VCMY'3#M=2 #<JY^0Y&0,$Y'%P_'/Q[<Z9/J5QX^T?0[!M8N-*MEOH;@
MDNMZ]I"GF&\0-)(RH `H)9PH!.*]$\$?\AF;_L'WO_I++7RO^TOX$U_XE?LM
MMH_AFXU*PUBX^(5NT5_860O)],5/$X9[H1D%3Y2!I"7!0!,L"H(JN:7NI=91
M7WM+]045?7LW]R/:]!^,GCCQ5J^K:?I?Q4\-:E?Z!<+::I;6MO<33:;,R+(L
M<R+?DQN4=7"L`2K ]"#6K_PE?Q3_`.A[T_\`\%EW_P#)U? GQ<\/>/M"\(^"
M_ ]G9^./AOH?A.34[/Q1?^'O#'BG7(M:U5S!+:ZDDNC7UMJ-Q'=1M=RO(T\Z
MI-(T=T#,(I*9X3U;Q=XF\>ZEI^G>+OCEXG^*FA^+O#T-E?+IVO:5X;;31I^D
M3:D;NVD']EV[2PM?2&WNB;A))55 )"F;C[WPO31_*ZC?RWYK-IJ&O>TRTC=K
MOOTWLO/:UU=7T['W]_PE?Q3_`.A[T_\`\%EW_P#)U<#\6?VU7^ FL6VG^.OV
M at _ACX+U"\A^T6]MKU[_9LT\62N]$FU)2R[@1D#&017R[^S4?%$/@+Q##KS_M
M%ZS&NH^&F?Q#;+KVFZEJUVVH[IA_9.K!OL,*!D6\^PS2V<EN'*"''E+]._M>
M>'M0\2_#G08--L;S4)H?&7ARZDCMH6E9(8M7M))9"%!(1$5F9CPJJ2<`$TW&
M2G"-]Y*/W\NOI[U]4KI=+Z4TES*VR;^[7]+/L]-TT96G?\%'_#^KZ_8Z3:?M
M1?!>ZU35'BCLK.'6XWN+MI<>4L:#4]SE]R[0H.[<,9R*FUC_`(*':/X>NM8@
MU#]IOX.V,WA^X^QZI'<:PD3:;/N9/*G#:F#$^Y&7:^#E2,9!KQ_0-3OO`G[8
MGQ&&H>*/CUH-OK'C"TNK/1M#^';ZEX=UJ$Z9IT6^74/['G\M7DC>-V6]B"",
MG,>"QN?L=RZAH^K6_A#P[I_C:_\`A_X<\(W-M:R^-? ESH.N>&9R]NL.F0W;
MP00WUNT:/GR8Y&5K56DN9O,CQE*H_9*HOY>:W_;O-:_=/3K=O51=E)\JY^1]
MTOO=K_JOPYM6O3M#_P""C_A_Q->V-MIO[47P7U"XU2Z%C916VMQS/>7!*@0Q
MA=3)>0ET^5<GYUXY%=SX?_: \5^+-&T/4=+^+_A#4M/\3,4T>ZM$FFAU5 at CR
M$6[KJ!$I"1R,0A/RHQZ X^; =0\#?"/]DG2;_P`-^-&U#3;:&/4([/PQJ-Z-
M*8^'[FSQ=M#"ZVV+BXB0^<4QEF.%1V7RG4OV5?B1HOP,^$GA'PIH>M6]KXE\
M.7-Y*#&]K_PB6MOX6O;29)V^_;)<S31$-M CG6<DAY4!WJ1Y74BG?E=D^C?O
M7Z::1\W=I6;:(IJ_)?2ZN_+^M.VEW=6/M7X=_M;ZC\7_`!-JNB^$_CM\//%&
MLZ$2-2L-(G:^NM/(<H?.CBU%FCPX*_,!R".M<[XE_P""BNB>#/%MUX?UC]I[
MX-:3KUC<&TN=-O-9C at N[>8'!B>)M3#JX/&T@'->=?#/]HG5]+\:7$FF_#;Q)
M'X%\"^!9Y8M#B^&FI:9KNC74'V51I5I=W#K:ZCYH24*EFNS-M%^\=2C'U+Q/
MI5\_[8O at _7!I^HMI-GX)UN&>Y2U=XX97O-*=(F*@CS&6.0JGWF\ML X-0[J4
M==&I:Z?94G?JK/ETU>Z:;6Y'6+;6NFGKRW7>ZYET6UK%KQI^VL_PW\+:+KGB
M+]H3X8Z#HOB2W^UZ3J&HWOV6UU2'"'S8)9-2"RIB6,[D)&)$Y^89T/A)^U5K
M'Q^TZ\O/`GQP\ ^-K33Y!#=3Z#*^I1VSD9"NT.HL%8CD`X.*\-_8^\ ZUX ^
M(?CQM1\+Z[I^C^.;&?6_!PEAG:/P]IS7$K-I$B,BBTF,DRW8A8*W^EM H9;(
M$>T?L=Z'?>&/V2_ACINI6=UI^HZ?X5TRWNK6YB:&:VE2UC5T=& 965 at 000""
M,4*_*V]/AT]7*Z?G'EL^C;TTLV.W-9=WKWM:S7D[W6KT6NMTM7QA^T7XF^'G
MAS6-8\0?&3P9H>D>'94 at U6^U`2VMMIDCB,HD\CZ@%B9A-$0'()$J8^\,QZE^
MTCXJTSP;HOB)OBQX?N=#\136D&EW]GI]Y=V^H-=,JP&)HKU at Z/N#;Q\@7+$A
M06'R9X6;3O!WQ*\1:AH?@/QQI/A7PI\8/^$KO[.S^'FKVJ7EG-H#6#75K;BT
M7[81J3^8XMUD?"F?!7#GJO at 9I-WJ&I?#O0=2TC5-/TK2)_%/Q)FT:>R>*Z at M
M;J^NX]+MI;8C?N,%_.WD,H=7 at 4,JNNVHYG[.,[ZM1?\`Y(IR7JES6_PO=W2N
M44I<J\U\^9QC?YJ-];^_&RZOZ"^%'[5&L?'G3[V[\#?'#P#XTM=-E$-W-H4C
MZC':R$9"2-#J+!6(YP<'%6]=_:&\7^'?"^DZW<?%+0VTG7;BUM=/N[?3;RYB
MO7N658/+,=ZVY6W [Q\H7+$A02/G;X2>,_#'QYT;XF>+O%WP_P#&=A%JOAJ#
M1SX0U;X9:S&+31K9IV at MGCFLO+OKIY+B1WAM1*D8*1IY at 1II8?V<];7QYX,_
M9\\+W6D>)+&W^'?@Q]=U[2M3T*\TZ\6YMK)=,A@:UN(DED5FGO&4!"KFW1E)
M&W-2;3:OMROU5IN7W*'FDW;6RO.GYKY^ZDO_``*5O-*Z6ME[9HW[=EOXB\!Z
MQXJT_P#:,^%-]X7\.R)#JNL6^HB6PTQW(5%GG74C'$S,R@!V!)(`ZUUUC\;/
M&FI^$]/U^V^*WA>XT+5UMVL=1B at G>TO1<,BP&*47^QQ*TB!-I.\NH&<BOC71
M_'2_%/XH^'?BY<^"/B5H:^&]9L/MOAM_ASKMM=:/H,%GJMO:KL:S`OKH7FHI
M-)':>:L"`;-ZPM/)J>-O#5KX9_9$^'NHZYX!\47FI0_$Y?%6AV=KX)OM6U3P
M[82^(WOMQAMK>6:S==/<AE94?DQ$;R4K3EUC=[RBO1-I-_BWV5FKNUQ2TTCK
MHW\TGI\K)7W:E%V29]52_M'>)+?XG1>"9/C+X+3QG-:?;X] ;S1JDEMR/.%M
M_:'FF/Y6^<+MX//%=)_PE?Q3_P"A[T__`,%EW_\`)U?(O[/=CX^\`_M2WUM;
MWGQ$N&\6>--7U?Q+INH>$8+?PXFCRQS-87L.J"RBD>Z6---@\B2[FE7$J- B
M1AX_LJLFY*,7W6OD^J^6WJGL[I4TE.45LGH^ZNTG\[7]&MTTWG_\)7\4_P#H
M>]/_`/!9=_\`R=6QX#UWXA:AXBV:MXTCN+&.UN9WCM+2YMYG:.WD=,.UU( -
MRKGY#D9 P3D5ZV/!'_(9F_[!][_Z2RTHR=[!RH\M\1?M.^*O"'@G5?%?B/XH
M>&?!?AG3]1NK-[S6VFAM[98[R2VC\RXDO8X]SE5[+EF `Z5;^&O[0'BOXS>%
M(=>\'_%_PAXLT.X=XXM1T9)KZTD9#M95EBU!D)4C! /!KR3]H9KBU_9JAOH=
M-UO5DTGXC6NI7,&DZ7<ZG=BW@\4"69TM[=))I-D:,Q"(QPIXKROXIPZKXS^)
MNK>/M'\/_%GPY\)/%&IZ-:>)UT'1M3T;Q)K'V:WU(27PM($CU9(S/+I5N[QQ
MI</':' -L-[53DVFV_M6]/@LWZ\S^[UL^56OY7]=]%YJU_Z5_L[_`(2OXI_]
M#WI__ at LN_P#Y.K(\>_&7Q]\,/!.K>(M<^(NGV.C:':27U[<?V/?2>1#&I9VV
MI>%FP 3A02>PK\]I-;\<ZW;>)/#^J:M^T%_PGT/@ZUG^'%GIDGB!?LL\NHZR
MNF3:PT(^SI,UNFGB?^U6"D1R&4%ED(J>,(/&?Q@^$_B*'PO=?&OQ)XZ.H^,K
M'Q;%=IKTWAFYTI?[5 at AMK1;A?[/FE6X^P)$MF&G&U at QV+*!I&G)RM?J_P_R^
MU_*N[T%HM_ZTO^.T?YGV6I^B>N_$KQM\-_"^I:YJGQ(\,^']%LT?4-0O[NQN
M+2V at 0#+S32-?!5 `R68C@<FJ?PN_:,\3?'#PS_;7 at OXR>"_&&C"9K<W^B"74
M+7S5P63S(=09=PW#(SD9'K7D_P"TYK5YXQ;PWJ#>!_%^K^'_`(4^.[2ZUZP_
ML?[1)K%NNG,\5_8P`.]Y':W5U;R[8E\WS+.7RU=XU5^%_:.^)-O\6-4TG6K?
M0OV@=&^'<T6JQ:A+X6\.:_H6M:CK:P68L99H+6*+5&MQ%]JC5Y(Q;F2)1)E5
MB-8\S2OOY+>UE)/UE\,5HG*RO=M(A#F<4]+J_P`[M-?*R;>MD[VV;^MO^$K^
M*?\`T/>G_P#@LN__`).H_P"$K^*?_0]Z?_X++O\`^3J^*_"7PI^,'B7X7:OJ
MGC+6OBG:>/;SQ1X5TFY32M7O;>TM;)XM";5)+6"$B#RS*+S?.JL$'GA712X/
MT)\7=8M]$^$'CSP3:Z7\8%MO#/@Y98M6T!IKK6+Y9([F,1:=>32/+<:E&+?<
M3(2^Z:!BS%SC2I&4(N5T_3_"I;^DDO5/MJJ-IM:63M^+Y?S_``MWT]$U'XF?
M$31[ZPM;SXDZ':W6J3-;V4,UE<QR7DBQM(4C4WV781H[D+DA48] 31IGQ,^(
MFMW5]!9_$G0[R;2Y_LMY'#97,C6DVQ)/+D OLH^R1&VM@[74]"#7E?[2<USX
M7F^$/B[^R?%&K:/X/UYKO5EL=+N-4U2V at FTJ]M5E-K;H\\Q$T\2N(D=EWEB-
MJLR_,?BOQ+;:E^TGJ6I>)E^/FA^"?B"VNZWI>F^%M/\`$NG:O?O!;^'[.&YN
M+73HUO;<!XKH)]I6-<."PPZYB\N=P6ME+[XV?+ZM7LNK7:XXI.,9=[?C=?<K
M*[Z7\U?[+UO]JCQ-X<\.^,-6OOBEIMOI_@*<VVNRG1-1/V*0017&P 7>9"8Y
MXB/+#9+A1EL at 0?"3]L>Z^/U[?6W at 3X^?#?QI<Z:BR7D.A73:C):*Q(4R+#J+
M% 2"!NQD@^E?*/P<\(_$.?X=:?X$^(EMJ<?C+QMXSTW4]=DE3:]_#IGA_3+J
MXD5T`216O;6&!S%E&9Y%'&<7/ OA?5OVA_ at E\&?#7A;0?B!X-\8?#_PI-I^M
M>(]2\-:AX;GT<2:'-9_9+>XNX87G9[UK:;_1A+&OV$.[*?)WW*T5)RE?E47I
MK>\.9M>2:M;?YVNHI2LMKWU>VCLEZM?+5>=OMK_A*_BG_P!#WI__`(++O_Y.
MK'\1_&CQ[X3US0=-U#XC:?;WOB:[>PTV/^Q[YOM,R02W#+E;PA<10RMEB!\N
M,Y(!^,_&EU\=/&WPPUZ_ at 3XF:'=^+-!U/QA9V]L+M+S1YTL[RQ at TT*!^YD99
M=-N4MP"WG13OM+!FKMK+X,>)OA_^VYX1L;%OB+KO at NQU"RU at WFMZA?ZS#:7<
MNDZ_!=.MQ<-)Y*EA9 at Q(RQ(TD>U$,@#4X2B[2?\`P^S7R::OUTM=/2.96;MW
M_)-?>G%_>G9JQ]7?\)7\4_\`H>]/_P#!9=__`"=1_P`)7\4_^A[T_P#\%EW_
M`/)U:%%<_/(TY49__"5_%/\`Z'O3_P#P67?_`,G58TGQ-\09]5M8]9\:6]UH
M[RJM]#!IURLLT!(\Q4+WC*&*Y +*P!/((XJW;V\EW<1PPQO++*P1$1=S.QX`
M`[D^E>>:]\8?[:\7Z;I/AZZE;36N4:YU"SN(XFU1$G6*3RIF^2/3TE(B>?[U
M[,1:6^Y6FE.D.:0I61UW_!.[_D^?]H[_`+!7A'_T7JE?9U?&/_!.[_D^?]H[
M_L%>$?\`T7JE?9U=E/X482W844451(4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 'PSJ_B_]H#_A)VO;+]EW5)O)MX[*">]\
M3>&I9O*1(TR-]P_E[_*1F16(R%!+;0:/^%C?M*?]&P7'_A0>%_\`X[7W-16?
MLXE<[/AG_A8W[2G_`$;!<?\`A0>%_P#X[1_PL;]I3_HV"X_\*#PO_P#':^YJ
M*/91#G9\,_\`"QOVE/\`HV"X_P#"@\+_`/QVC_A8W[2G_1L%Q_X4'A?_`..U
M]S44>RB'.SX9_P"%C?M*?]&P7'_A0>%__CM'_"QOVE/^C8+C_P`*#PO_`/':
M^YJ*/91#G9\&W'B3]H2ZUZUU67]E&.35+&"6VMKQ]:\*-<6\4IC:6-'\S<JN
MT4190<,8T)SM&+G_``L;]I3_`*- at N/\`PH/"_P#\=K[FHH]G';_,.=GPS_PL
M;]I3_HV"X_\`"@\+_P#QVC_A8W[2G_1L%Q_X4'A?_P".U]S44>RB'.SX9_X6
M-^TI_P!&P7'_`(4'A?\`^.T?\+&_:4_Z- at N/_"@\+_\`QVON:BCV40YV?#/_
M``L;]I3_`*- at N/\`PH/"_P#\=IMU\0/VE+NQFMS^S+J445RH27R/$_AJ%G4,
M& W),#C<JG&>U?=%%'LHASL^%;'QQ^T;IEE#;6W[+4EO;VZ+%%%%KWA9$B11
M@*H$N ````.E2?\`"QOVE/\`HV"X_P#"@\+_`/QVON:BCV<0YV?#/_"QOVE/
M^C8+C_PH/"__`,=KDOBSX'^+'Q\L;.U\=?L5^&O&EMILAFM(M>N/!VI1VKD8
M+1K,S!6(`!(P2*_1.BCV<=P]HSX93XA_M)1HJK^R_<*JC `\0>%\`?\`?VC_
M`(6-^TI_T;!<?^%!X7_^.U]S44>SB',UHCX9_P"%C?M*?]&P7'_A0>%__CM4
M];\2_M">);6.#4OV4H]0AAGBNHX[G6O"LJI-$ZR12 -(0'1U5E8<JR at C! -?
M>5%'LX[ASL^&?^%C?M*?]&P7'_A0>%__`([1_P`+&_:4_P"C8+C_`,*#PO\`
M_':^YJ*/91#G9\,_\+&_:4_Z- at N/_"@\+_\`QVC_`(6-^TI_T;!<?^%!X7_^
M.U]S44>RB'.SX9_X6-^TI_T;!<?^%!X7_P#CM'_"QOVE/^C8+C_PH/"__P`=
MK[FHH]E$.=GPS_PL;]I3_HV"X_\`"@\+_P#QVC_A8W[2G_1L%Q_X4'A?_P".
MU]S44>RB'.SX9_X6-^TI_P!&P7'_`(4'A?\`^.T?\+&_:4_Z- at N/_"@\+_\`
MQVON:BCV40YV?#)^(_[2WER*O[,M]%YL;Q,T7B7PS&^UE*L`RS C*DC@]ZKZ
M7XQ_:,T6R6WM?V6YH85+-@>(/"_S,S%F8GS<LS,2Q8Y))))))-?=U%'LHASL
M^&?^%C?M*?\`1L%Q_P"%!X7_`/CM4],\2_M":)=7T]G^RE'9S:I/]JO)(=:\
M*QM=S;$C\R0B3+OLC1=S9.U%'0`5]Y44>SB'.SX9_P"%C?M*?]&P7'_A0>%_
M_CM'_"QOVE/^C8+C_P`*#PO_`/':^YJ*/91#G9\,_P#"QOVE/^C8+C_PH/"_
M_P`=H_X6-^TI_P!&P7'_`(4'A?\`^.U]S44>RB'.SX9_X6-^TI_T;!<?^%!X
M7_\`CM'_``L;]I3_`*- at N/\`PH/"_P#\=K[FHH]E$.=GPS_PL;]I3_HV"X_\
M*#PO_P#':/\`A8W[2G_1L%Q_X4'A?_X[7W-11[*(<[/AG_A8W[2G_1L%Q_X4
M'A?_`..T?\+&_:4_Z- at N/_"@\+__`!VON:BCV40YV?#/_"QOVE/^C8+C_P`*
M#PO_`/':IP^)/VA+?Q!<:M'^RC''JEY;Q6D]XNM>%!<30Q-(T<;2>9N9$:64
MJI.%,CD8W'/WE11[.(<[V/AG_A8W[2G_`$;!<?\`A0>%_P#X[5.'Q)^T);^(
M+C5H_P!E&./5+RWBM)[Q=:\*"XFAB:1HXVD\S<R(TLI52<*9'(QN.?O*BCV<
M0YWL?#/_``L;]I3_`*- at N/\`PH/"_P#\=H_X6-^TI_T;!<?^%!X7_P#CM?<U
M%'LHASL^&?\`A8W[2G_1L%Q_X4'A?_X[1_PL;]I3_HV"X_\`"@\+_P#QVON:
MBCV40YV?#/\`PL;]I3_HV"X_\*#PO_\`':#\1_VEO+D5?V9;Z+S8WB9HO$OA
MF-]K*58!EF!&5)'![U]S44>RB'.SX1TOQC^T9HMDMO:_LMS0PJ6;`\0>%_F9
MF+,Q/FY9F8EBQR222222:L?\+&_:4_Z- at N/_``H/"_\`\=K[FHH]E$.=GP;;
M^)?VA+37+K5(OV4HX]2O88[>XNTUKPJL\\<9<QH[^9N94,DA4$X4R-C&XY-#
M\2_M">&+%K73?V4H]/M6FEN##;:UX5AC,DLC22/M60#<\CL['JS,2<DDU]Y4
M4>SC_38<[/AG_A8W[2G_`$;!<?\`A0>%_P#X[1_PL;]I3_HV"X_\*#PO_P#'
M:^YJ*/91#G9\,_\`"QOVE/\`HV"X_P#"@\+_`/QVC_A8W[2G_1L%Q_X4'A?_
M`..U]S44>RB'.SX9_P"%C?M*?]&P7'_A0>%__CM4Y?$O[0D^O0:K)^RE&^J6
ML$EK#>-K7A4W$,,C(TD:OYFX(S1QDJ#@E%)Z#'WE11[..X<[/@VX\2?M"76O
M6NJR_LHQR:I8P2VUM>/K7A1KBWBE,;2QH_F;E5VBB+*#AC&A.=HQ<_X6-^TI
M_P!&P7'_`(4'A?\`^.U]S44>SCM_F'.SX9_X6-^TI_T;!<?^%!X7_P#CM'_"
MQOVE/^C8+C_PH/"__P`=K[FHH]E$.=GPS_PL;]I3_HV"X_\`"@\+_P#QVC_A
M8W[2G_1L%Q_X4'A?_P".U]S44>RB'.SX)UO7OVB/$*S+=?LPZJT=Q ]K+%'X
MM\.PQS1.K*Z,B3A6#*S*<@Y!P<CBL7_A&?C<2O\`QBA>_*]K*O\`Q5GAWA[6
M,Q6S#_2.L,9*1G^!20N!Q7Z(44>QB'.SY%_X)R?"/XD>&/C]\9/&?C[P#>> 
M8/&-EX?MM.M;G5K'4&F:S&H+,0UK-( `)H3\X7.\@9P37UU116BT5D2%%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
M%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 44
M44 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !111
M0 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% 
M!1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %
F%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 ?_]D`
`
end


From dave.w8aas at verizon.net  Fri Oct 21 11:50:19 2016
From: dave.w8aas at verizon.net (Dave Taylor)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 07:50:19 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
In-Reply-To: <000001d22b8b$d5a6e9a0$80f4bce0$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>
	<D50A60B0-5D6B-4BE4-B8FF-85A2F5417D0B@verizon.net>
	<000001d22b8b$d5a6e9a0$80f4bce0$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <B2DB438E-6506-4581-AC4F-47C5E345FF89@verizon.net>

Good to know, Alan.  Thanks.I haven?t tried it myself, but was told about the limitation by another ham who was trying to set up SatPC to point and tune to distant terrestrial repeaters for weak-signal verification prior to handling an ARISS contact.  

Dave
> On Oct 21, 2016, at 7:11 AM, Alan <wa4sca at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Dave,
> 
> Never ran into a limit on tracking frequency.  It is usually an object number conflict, or failing to 
> leave a blank line at the end of the DOPPLER.SQF file.  Have done both, and more than once.  ;)
> 
> 73s,
> 
> Alan
> WA4SCA
> 
> 
> 
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Dave Taylor
> <Sent: Friday, October 21, 2016 5:57 AM
> <To: w4upd <w4upd at cfl.rr.com>
> <Cc: amsat-bb <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
> <Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
> <
> <As I recall, SatPC is frequency limited and won?t control a radio above 146.000.  There is probably a
> <limit on UHF also, but I don?t know it.  I?ve never investigated to see if this is configurable
> <somewhere.
> <
> <Dave, W8AAS
> <
> <
> <> On Oct 20, 2016, at 11:07 PM, w4upd <w4upd at cfl.rr.com> wrote:
> <>
> <> I have attempted use SatPC to provide frequency parking at the end of any priority passes. Thanks to
> <Alan, WA4SCA, he provided some data for simulation of a GeoSync satellite. I tweaked the values to
> <provide what I needed for my locaation and it seems to work fine as far as the satellite always being 
> in
> <range and that it is selected when no other satellite with a priority of 1-9 is above the horizon.
> <>
> <> The problem I am having is that when I put the frequencies I want into DOPPLER.SQF. I entered the
> <line:
> <>
> <> 	TestSat3,146520,436800,FM,FM,NOR,0,0
> <>
> <> The name matches the keps. etc. However, nothing displays in the Doppler window. My assumption
> <at this point is that SatPC knows its a Geo or at least there will be no Doppler and doesn't display or 
> use
> <the entered values.
> <>
> <> Wonder if anyone else has any thoughts on this.
> <>
> <> The intent was to allow the radio to monitor local frequencies when no satellites were in range then
> <switch as any came within range. Looks like this is not going to work.
> <>
> <> Reid, W4UPD
> <>
> <> _______________________________________________
> <> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> <
> <_______________________________________________
> <Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 
> 
> <TestSat2.jpg>


From dave.w8aas at verizon.net  Fri Oct 21 12:19:07 2016
From: dave.w8aas at verizon.net (Dave Taylor)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 08:19:07 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] [ARISS-ops] ARISS News Release no. 16-09
In-Reply-To: <10CE6DC7C4484C46B3E92CA94A6F3BA0@BanjoPC>
References: <12E283F233084C23BAA58F649FFC7FB5@DHJ>
	<CAF3DnKiOaTB5wn9sNdv64DAZJ6Y9LefJSXpwG_=B2Z7xMqEr5Q@mail.gmail.com>
	<10CE6DC7C4484C46B3E92CA94A6F3BA0@BanjoPC>
Message-ID: <D8B85456-4816-4AAC-A23D-8097B9E548D2@verizon.net>

ARISS is actively working on a new Interoperable Radio System for ISS.  The primary components are a modified Kenwood D710GA radio and a custom ARISS-designed power supply.  The radio is complete except for final programming and NASA testing and certification.  The power supply design is in final stages and a hardware prototype has been built.  It will power existing and anticipated ARISS equipment.

The radio by itself is useless without the power supply (the radio needs 13.8 VDC, the ISS provides 120 VDC in the US segment and 28 VDC in the Russian segment).  The power supply will allow ham radio equipment to be used anywhere on ISS.

The goal is to have this new system aboard ISS about 1 year from now.  This assumes that ARISS can raise the remaining funds needed and that no delays occur in NASA testing and certification of the entire system.  The new radio system will give ISS a strong 25-watt signal on voice and packet, and is planned to support a variety of operating modes.

This system was discussed in presentations at last year?s AMSAT Symposium and you can find details in the 2015 Proceedings.  I haven?t seen a schedule, but I expect there will be updates at the Symposium next month.

Dave, W8AAS

> On Oct 21, 2016, at 6:25 AM, Rich/wa4bue <richard.siff at verizon.net> wrote:
> 
> Thought last year a new rig was purchased for the ISS, using donations from AMSAT members.  K4AMG donated.  What is the status of the new rig????
> 
> Rich
> W4BUE
> Founder K4AMG
> 
> -----Original Message----- From: Daniel Cussen
> Sent: Friday, October 21, 2016 3:54 AM
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> Subject: [amsat-bb] Fwd: [ARISS-ops] ARISS News Release no. 16-09
> 
> ARISS NEWS RELEASE
> 
> no. 16-09
> 
> October 20, 2016
> David Jordan, AA4KN
> ARISS PR
> aa4kn at amsat.org
> 
> 
> Current Amateur Radio Status on board the International Space Station (ISS)
> 
> The VHF handheld radio model that has been used by the ARISS program
> to connect students worldwide with astronauts on board the
> International Space Station (ISS) for over 16 years has given an error
> message and is unusable at this time. While the ARISS technical team
> evaluates the best path to restore operation from the Columbus module,
> ARISS contacts will be supported using the Kenwood radio in the
> Russian Service Module.  During this period, the packet digipeater
> will be unavailable.
> 
> Switching to the 70 cm radio capability on board the Columbus module
> for some operations is being coordinated. Expect further updates as we
> work to resolve this problem.
> 
> About  ARISS
> 
> Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a
> cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the
> space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In
> the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite
> Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the
> Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National
> Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of
> ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering,
> and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via
> amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in
> classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced
> amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large
> audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these
> radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn
> about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more
> information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.
> 
> 
> 
> Also, join us on Facebook:  Amateur Radio on the International Space
> Station (ARISS) / Follow us on Twitter:  ARISS_status
> 
> Contact:
> 
> David Jordan, AA4KN
> 
> ARISS PR , aa4kn at amsat.org
> 
> 
> ---
> This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
> https://www.avast.com/antivirus
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Fri Oct 21 13:02:38 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 09:02:38 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
In-Reply-To: <000001d22b8b$d5a6e9a0$80f4bce0$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>
	<D50A60B0-5D6B-4BE4-B8FF-85A2F5417D0B@verizon.net>
	<000001d22b8b$d5a6e9a0$80f4bce0$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <580A11EE.7090200@cfl.rr.com>

I double checked and as far as I know I don't have either of the 
symptoms you described. I did run into the object problem under WISP32 
and changed it to one number less to prevent the conflict.

When I run the same keps under WISP32 I get the correct readings with 
the beacon set to 146.520 and -0 Doppler. So it is working correctly 
under WISP32.

Since it seems to work for you and seeing your display, I'm doing 
something wrong. So will investigate further. You attachment indicates 
it should work, so it is something on my end.

The only time there is a frequency limitation that I know of is when you 
go under CAT and try to make a change. There is a frequency limitation 
there.

Reid, W4UPD



On 10/21/2016 7:11 AM, Alan wrote:
> Dave,
>
> Never ran into a limit on tracking frequency.  It is usually an object number conflict, or failing to
> leave a blank line at the end of the DOPPLER.SQF file.  Have done both, and more than once.  ;)
>
> 73s,
>
> Alan
> WA4SCA
>
>
>
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Dave Taylor
> <Sent: Friday, October 21, 2016 5:57 AM
> <To: w4upd <w4upd at cfl.rr.com>
> <Cc: amsat-bb <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
> <Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
> <
> <As I recall, SatPC is frequency limited and won?t control a radio above 146.000.  There is probably a
> <limit on UHF also, but I don?t know it.  I?ve never investigated to see if this is configurable
> <somewhere.
> <
> <Dave, W8AAS
> <
> <
> <> On Oct 20, 2016, at 11:07 PM, w4upd <w4upd at cfl.rr.com> wrote:
> <>
> <> I have attempted use SatPC to provide frequency parking at the end of any priority passes. Thanks to
> <Alan, WA4SCA, he provided some data for simulation of a GeoSync satellite. I tweaked the values to
> <provide what I needed for my locaation and it seems to work fine as far as the satellite always being
> in
> <range and that it is selected when no other satellite with a priority of 1-9 is above the horizon.
> <>
> <> The problem I am having is that when I put the frequencies I want into DOPPLER.SQF. I entered the
> <line:
> <>
> <> 	TestSat3,146520,436800,FM,FM,NOR,0,0
> <>
> <> The name matches the keps. etc. However, nothing displays in the Doppler window. My assumption
> <at this point is that SatPC knows its a Geo or at least there will be no Doppler and doesn't display or
> use
> <the entered values.
> <>
> <> Wonder if anyone else has any thoughts on this.
> <>
> <> The intent was to allow the radio to monitor local frequencies when no satellites were in range then
> <switch as any came within range. Looks like this is not going to work.
> <>
> <> Reid, W4UPD
> <>
> <> _______________________________________________
> <> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> <
> <_______________________________________________
> <Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>


From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Fri Oct 21 13:13:57 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 09:13:57 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
In-Reply-To: <000001d22b86$a4763cf0$ed62b6d0$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <58098687.2050302@cfl.rr.com>
	<000001d22b86$a4763cf0$ed62b6d0$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <580A1495.5010503@cfl.rr.com>

Go figure. I just brought SatPC32 back up  this morning and now it is 
working fine. I ran just its keps, then added it with the other 
satellites and it is still working. In any case, it appears to be 
working fine now. Not going to mess with it unless it goes away. Right 
now, I have the fake Geos sitting at about 3.5 degrees. I figure if I do 
put up my arrays, they'll stay low for local use.

Thanks again Alan for your help and the others that chimed in.

Reid, W4UPD


On 10/21/2016 6:34 AM, Alan wrote:
> Hi Reid,
>
> I used the original TestSat2 Keps I sent, and your DOPPLER.SQF changed to TestSat2, and it worked as
> desired.  One thing to check is the object number.  I used a "standard made up" number, and if SatPC32
> sees two objects with the same number, it can cause problems.  Check in your Keps you don't have
> another 99999.
>
> 73s,
>
> Alan
> WA4SCA
>
>
>
>
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of w4upd
> <Sent: Thursday, October 20, 2016 10:08 PM
> <To: amsat-bb <AMSAT-BB at amsat.org>
> <Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 parking frequency?
> <
> <I have attempted use SatPC to provide frequency parking at the end of any priority passes. Thanks to
> <Alan, WA4SCA, he provided some data for simulation of a GeoSync satellite. I tweaked the values to
> <provide what I needed for my locaation and it seems to work fine as far as the satellite always being
> in
> <range and that it is selected when no other satellite with a priority of 1-9 is above the horizon.
> <
> <The problem I am having is that when I put the frequencies I want into DOPPLER.SQF. I entered the
> <line:
> <
> <	TestSat3,146520,436800,FM,FM,NOR,0,0
> <
> <The name matches the keps. etc. However, nothing displays in the Doppler window. My assumption at
> <this point is that SatPC knows its a Geo or at least there will be no Doppler and doesn't display or
> use
> <the entered values.
> <
> <Wonder if anyone else has any thoughts on this.
> <
> <The intent was to allow the radio to monitor local frequencies when no satellites were in range then
> <switch as any came within range. Looks like this is not going to work.
> <
> <Reid, W4UPD
> <
> <_______________________________________________
> <Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> <to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>


From k.alexander at rogers.com  Fri Oct 21 14:45:36 2016
From: k.alexander at rogers.com (Ken Alexander)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 10:45:36 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Return to EN95/FN05
Message-ID: <6636aea9-66c8-796b-d760-c35c89082f61@rogers.com>

Hi All,

Return to EN-95 & FN05

It looks like the weather will be OK this weekend so I can make up for 
last weekend's rain-out.  Schedule below.

Visibility from my site on the grid boundary isn't that good.  
Therefore, I will operate from EN95 in the morning and FN05 in the 
afternoon as shown below.

  From EN95 ------------------------------------------------
  22.10.2016  FO-29        14:04 14:15    11   16  092 - 005
  22.10.2016  SO-50        14:54 15:03    09   26  258 - 026
  22.10.2016  FO-29        15:45 16:02    17   65  150 - 350
  22.10.2016  FO-29        17:31 17:46    15   29  207 - 333

  From FN05 ------------------------------------------------
  22.10.2016  AO-85        18:54 19:05    11   47  193 - 041
  22.10.2016  AO-85        20:35 20:45    10   28  250 - 025
  22.10.2016  SO-50        21:43 21:52    09   68  329 - 138
  22.10.2016  XW-2F        22:30 22:38    08   60  156 - 352
  22.10.2016  XW-2C        22:50 22:58    08   70  172 - 345

73,

Ken
VE3HLS


From kk5do at arrl.net  Fri Oct 21 20:58:24 2016
From: kk5do at arrl.net (Bruce)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 15:58:24 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] AMSAT's around the world
Message-ID: <f962be69-31a0-52b2-adca-3712284ee567@arrl.net>

I have added a link under the AMSAT tab at http://www.amsat.org to other 
AMSAT's around the world. It was on the old site and never got migrated 
over. Was easier to just create a new one and here it is.

73...bruce

-- 

Bruce Paige, KK5DO
                      
AMSAT Director Contests and Awards
AMSAT Board Member 2016-2018
AMSAT Board Alternate 2015-2016
   
ARRL Awards Field Checker (WAS, 5BWAS, VUCC), VE
           
Houston AMSAT Net - Wed 0100z on Echolink - Conference *AMSAT*
Also live streaming MP3 at http://www.amsatnet.com
Podcast at http://www.amsatnet.com/podcast.xml or iTunes
               
Latest satellite news on the ARRL Audio News
http://www.arrl.org

AMSAT on Twitter http://www.twitter.com/amsat


From kc2lnc at lexcominc.net  Fri Oct 21 21:49:56 2016
From: kc2lnc at lexcominc.net (Steve Appleton)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 17:49:56 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Mirage Mast Mounted Preamp(s)
In-Reply-To: <mailman.2358.1477048420.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
References: <mailman.2358.1477048420.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <874A7B00A81F4399A8C54C3C9555EE21@StevePC>

I agree that MFJ puts out a inferior product in general. In some cases they 
put out a product that performs reasonably well for considerably less money. 
You recommended the SSB product and that would be my first choice if it 
didn't cost $159 more.

I think I can power the Mirage / MFJ preamp from my Yaesu FT-847 directly so 
the control box isn't a consideration. I have not as yet made a contact with 
the preamp so I'm still evaluating. Thanks for letting me know about the 
crosstalk problem. I'll be on the lookout for it. If I find that is the 
case, I will return and just bite the bullet. QST reviewed the SSB products 
recently and they were impressed enough to run them at W1AW so that's 
probably a safe bet.

Thx,
-Steve KC2LNC


From pavelmc at gmail.com  Fri Oct 21 17:27:25 2016
From: pavelmc at gmail.com (Pavel Milanes Costa)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 13:27:25 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Fwd: [ARISS-ops] ARISS News Release no. 16-09
In-Reply-To: <CAF3DnKiOaTB5wn9sNdv64DAZJ6Y9LefJSXpwG_=B2Z7xMqEr5Q@mail.gmail.com>
References: <12E283F233084C23BAA58F649FFC7FB5@DHJ>
	<CAF3DnKiOaTB5wn9sNdv64DAZJ6Y9LefJSXpwG_=B2Z7xMqEr5Q@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <38abe884-eb8b-d1a0-1c33-a1529c041469@gmail.com>

Hi to all,

There is a link to get an update at a glance about the to the actual 
radios being onboard, it's location, uses and it's operational status?

73 Pavel CO7WT.


El 21/10/16 a las 03:54, Daniel Cussen escribi?:
> ARISS NEWS RELEASE
>
> no. 16-09
>
> October 20, 2016
> David Jordan, AA4KN
> ARISS PR
> aa4kn at amsat.org
>
>
> Current Amateur Radio Status on board the International Space Station (ISS)
>
> The VHF handheld radio model that has been used by the ARISS program
> to connect students worldwide with astronauts on board the
> International Space Station (ISS) for over 16 years has given an error
> message and is unusable at this time. While the ARISS technical team
> evaluates the best path to restore operation from the Columbus module,
> ARISS contacts will be supported using the Kenwood radio in the
> Russian Service Module.  During this period, the packet digipeater
> will be unavailable.
>
> Switching to the 70 cm radio capability on board the Columbus module
> for some operations is being coordinated. Expect further updates as we
> work to resolve this problem.
>
> About  ARISS
>
> Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a
> cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the
> space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In
> the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite
> Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the
> Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National
> Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of
> ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering,
> and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via
> amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in
> classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced
> amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large
> audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these
> radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn
> about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more
> information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.
>
>
>
> Also, join us on Facebook:  Amateur Radio on the International Space
> Station (ARISS) / Follow us on Twitter:  ARISS_status
>
> Contact:
>
> David Jordan, AA4KN
>
> ARISS PR , aa4kn at amsat.org
>
>
> ---
> This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
> https://www.avast.com/antivirus
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From kq6ea at verizon.net  Fri Oct 21 22:16:30 2016
From: kq6ea at verizon.net (Jim Jerzycke)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 22:16:30 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Mirage Mast Mounted Preamp(s)
In-Reply-To: <874A7B00A81F4399A8C54C3C9555EE21@StevePC>
References: <mailman.2358.1477048420.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
	<874A7B00A81F4399A8C54C3C9555EE21@StevePC>
Message-ID: <55cfc0c1-3be7-beb6-a03d-99a88714f535@verizon.net>

You can't go wrong with the SSB preamp.


Yes, they're expensive, but you definitely get what you pay for.


When I was getting started in satellites, I cut a lot of corners, and 
did things my way because "I knew better".......NOT!


I wound up doing things pretty much the same way the seasoned veterans 
did, and could have saved myself a LOT of grief and money if I'd just 
followed their suggestions from the beginning.


73, Jim  KQ6EA


On 10/21/2016 09:49 PM, Steve Appleton wrote:
> I agree that MFJ puts out a inferior product in general. In some cases 
> they put out a product that performs reasonably well for considerably 
> less money. You recommended the SSB product and that would be my first 
> choice if it didn't cost $159 more.
>
> I think I can power the Mirage / MFJ preamp from my Yaesu FT-847 
> directly so the control box isn't a consideration. I have not as yet 
> made a contact with the preamp so I'm still evaluating. Thanks for 
> letting me know about the crosstalk problem. I'll be on the lookout 
> for it. If I find that is the case, I will return and just bite the 
> bullet. QST reviewed the SSB products recently and they were impressed 
> enough to run them at W1AW so that's probably a safe bet.
>
> Thx,
> -Steve KC2LNC
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>


From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Fri Oct 21 22:29:05 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 17:29:05 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Logger32 Help
Message-ID: <4D4AEDA8-83C8-4DA6-84AA-09732369F50A@gmail.com>

Hello everyone,

I have a bunch of contacts to enter into Logger32 and I am trying to figure out how to enter my grid square for my location. Any help?

I'm also curious how you all log your contacts. Do you keep a separate log just for sats or lump it all together with your hf stuff. I've made a number of contacts activating other grids and just trying to find smooth way to keep track of my contacts and VUCC 

Thanks,

Chad
KG0MW 

Sent from my iPhone

From johnbrier at gmail.com  Fri Oct 21 22:29:34 2016
From: johnbrier at gmail.com (John Brier)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 18:29:34 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Fwd: [ARISS-ops] ARISS News Release no. 16-09
In-Reply-To: <38abe884-eb8b-d1a0-1c33-a1529c041469@gmail.com>
References: <12E283F233084C23BAA58F649FFC7FB5@DHJ>
	<CAF3DnKiOaTB5wn9sNdv64DAZJ6Y9LefJSXpwG_=B2Z7xMqEr5Q@mail.gmail.com>
	<38abe884-eb8b-d1a0-1c33-a1529c041469@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CALn0fKOeKMNHyr8bjLe81QHLw=U=-zyuVxCzD7mGJF3BbfDt+g@mail.gmail.com>

This link might be what you're looking for:

http://www.ariss.org/current-status-of-iss-stations.html

Also there is a lot of detail about the ham operations on the ISS here:

http://www.ariss.org/contact-the-iss.html

73, John Brier KG4AKV

On Fri, Oct 21, 2016 at 1:27 PM, Pavel Milanes Costa <pavelmc at gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi to all,
>
> There is a link to get an update at a glance about the to the actual radios
> being onboard, it's location, uses and it's operational status?
>
> 73 Pavel CO7WT.
>
>
> El 21/10/16 a las 03:54, Daniel Cussen escribi?:
>
>> ARISS NEWS RELEASE
>>
>> no. 16-09
>>
>> October 20, 2016
>> David Jordan, AA4KN
>> ARISS PR
>> aa4kn at amsat.org
>>
>>
>> Current Amateur Radio Status on board the International Space Station
>> (ISS)
>>
>> The VHF handheld radio model that has been used by the ARISS program
>> to connect students worldwide with astronauts on board the
>> International Space Station (ISS) for over 16 years has given an error
>> message and is unusable at this time. While the ARISS technical team
>> evaluates the best path to restore operation from the Columbus module,
>> ARISS contacts will be supported using the Kenwood radio in the
>> Russian Service Module.  During this period, the packet digipeater
>> will be unavailable.
>>
>> Switching to the 70 cm radio capability on board the Columbus module
>> for some operations is being coordinated. Expect further updates as we
>> work to resolve this problem.
>>
>> About  ARISS
>>
>> Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a
>> cooperative venture of international amateur radio societies and the
>> space agencies that support the International Space Station (ISS). In
>> the United States, sponsors are the Radio Amateur Satellite
>> Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio Relay League (ARRL), the
>> Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) and  National
>> Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of
>> ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering,
>> and mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via
>> amateur radio between crew members aboard the ISS and students in
>> classrooms or informal education venues.  With the help of experienced
>> amateur radio volunteers, ISS crews speak directly with large
>> audiences in a variety of public forums.  Before and during these
>> radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and communities learn
>> about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.  For more
>> information, see www.ariss.org, www.amsat.org, and www.arrl.org.
>>
>>
>>
>> Also, join us on Facebook:  Amateur Radio on the International Space
>> Station (ARISS) / Follow us on Twitter:  ARISS_status
>>
>> Contact:
>>
>> David Jordan, AA4KN
>>
>> ARISS PR , aa4kn at amsat.org
>>
>>
>> ---
>> This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
>> https://www.avast.com/antivirus
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From wa6fwf at gmail.com  Fri Oct 21 22:47:10 2016
From: wa6fwf at gmail.com (kevin schuchmann)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 15:47:10 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Logger32 Help
In-Reply-To: <4D4AEDA8-83C8-4DA6-84AA-09732369F50A@gmail.com>
References: <4D4AEDA8-83C8-4DA6-84AA-09732369F50A@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <02b476d6-fa43-fc19-09a5-f61e86154fdc@gmail.com>

right click on logbook page, click on setup,grid layout and check the 
box for gridsquare.

73 wa6fwf



On 10/21/2016 3:29 PM, Chad Phillips wrote:
> Hello everyone,
>
> I have a bunch of contacts to enter into Logger32 and I am trying to figure out how to enter my grid square for my location. Any help?
>
> I'm also curious how you all log your contacts. Do you keep a separate log just for sats or lump it all together with your hf stuff. I've made a number of contacts activating other grids and just trying to find smooth way to keep track of my contacts and VUCC
>
> Thanks,
>
> Chad
> KG0MW
>
> Sent from my iPhone
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From kq6ea at verizon.net  Fri Oct 21 23:28:13 2016
From: kq6ea at verizon.net (Jim Jerzycke)
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 23:28:13 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Logger32 Help
In-Reply-To: <4D4AEDA8-83C8-4DA6-84AA-09732369F50A@gmail.com>
References: <4D4AEDA8-83C8-4DA6-84AA-09732369F50A@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <16f120fc-9278-748e-0123-7c16973136fd@verizon.net>

Paper log here. I operate satellites mostly for Field Day, and I just 
can't handle operating and logging on my PC at the same time.


That's followed over to when I operate satellites at home.


The only computer logging I do is when I operate HF, and I use ACLog 
from N3FJP.


73, Jim  KQ6EA


On 10/21/2016 10:29 PM, Chad Phillips wrote:
> Hello everyone,
>
> I have a bunch of contacts to enter into Logger32 and I am trying to figure out how to enter my grid square for my location. Any help?
>
> I'm also curious how you all log your contacts. Do you keep a separate log just for sats or lump it all together with your hf stuff. I've made a number of contacts activating other grids and just trying to find smooth way to keep track of my contacts and VUCC
>
> Thanks,
>
> Chad
> KG0MW
>
> Sent from my iPhone
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>


From mjohns166 at yahoo.com  Sat Oct 22 00:32:44 2016
From: mjohns166 at yahoo.com (Mark Johns)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 00:32:44 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Mirage Mast Mounted Preamp(s)
In-Reply-To: <874A7B00A81F4399A8C54C3C9555EE21@StevePC>
References: <mailman.2358.1477048420.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
	<874A7B00A81F4399A8C54C3C9555EE21@StevePC>
Message-ID: <1649288056.6074.1477096364361@mail.yahoo.com>

SHF-Elektronik in Germany also makes some excellent mast-mounted preamps that sell for about $130 each. They power through the coax and can switch 150 watts on SSB (50 watts on FM). I've been very happy with mine and they've worked flawlessly for several years now. 
-- 

Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ 
Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
-----------------------------------------------
"Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit, 
   you would stay out and your dog would go in." 
     ---Mark Twain


----- Original Message -----
From: Steve Appleton <kc2lnc at lexcominc.net>
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Sent: Friday, October 21, 2016 4:49 PM
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Mirage Mast Mounted Preamp(s)

I agree that MFJ puts out a inferior product in general. In some cases they 
put out a product that performs reasonably well for considerably less money. 
You recommended the SSB product and that would be my first choice if it 
didn't cost $159 more.

I think I can power the Mirage / MFJ preamp from my Yaesu FT-847 directly so 
the control box isn't a consideration. I have not as yet made a contact with 
the preamp so I'm still evaluating. Thanks for letting me know about the 
crosstalk problem. I'll be on the lookout for it. If I find that is the 
case, I will return and just bite the bullet. QST reviewed the SSB products 
recently and they were impressed enough to run them at W1AW so that's 
probably a safe bet.

Thx,
-Steve KC2LNC

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From pinoleronica at hotmail.com  Sat Oct 22 03:22:30 2016
From: pinoleronica at hotmail.com (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Rafael_Pe=F1a?=)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 03:22:30 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Lindenblad 2m / 70 cm Satellite Omni Antenna for sale
Message-ID: <MWHPR03MB30560A9E640AA89B5EF6D652C6D70@MWHPR03MB3056.namprd03.prod.outlook.com>

I've bought this dual band system with the hope that I will work my first birds.   It did not do too well for me.  It might be my area QTH (QRI / QRM broadcasting TV/Radio stations) in DC but I could not hear too well the satellites even if they were at very good elevation.

Up for sale it goes.... It is impossible to disassemble the elements on this antenna.   So shipping will be kind of delicate particularly for the mast as well.  Prefer DC area pickup.

There are two sections (2m / 70cm) mounted on an aluminum mast...there is a Super-Amp SP-7000 (430-440MHz) and a Comet CF-4160 (Duplexer, 1.3-170 MHz Low Pass, 350-540 MHz High Pass, 60 dB Isolation, Each) attached to the mast as required for this Lindenblad.   You provide your coax.

I didn't think to offer it back for sale but rather than keeping it on the back yard...here it goes:

Antenna system with Amp / Comet $400 OBO

I can make good use of the Amp / Comet if not needed, antenna system only $200 OBO

73

Rafael / NN3RP




From ka3hdo at verizon.net  Sat Oct 22 09:40:16 2016
From: ka3hdo at verizon.net (KA3HDO)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 05:40:16 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISS Major Milestone Completed
Message-ID: <004601d22c48$4cc01590$e64040b0$@verizon.net>

All,

 

You all were asking about the ARISS new hardware status.  I sent the missive
below to the ARISS team this morning, so here you go.

 

We greatly appreciate the substantial donation from JVC Kenwood of hardware
and engineering to realize the next ARISS station.  As Dan Cussen noted in
an earlier post, the costs and effort to develop and certify equipment for
human spaceflight missions is very high.  The bulk of this cost is for
safety certification testing and hazard reporting expertise.  We are
estimating that from beginning to end (3 year development cycle), the costs
for the new hardware system will be in the $200k range.  Note that we are
aggressively pursuing real dollar and in-kind donations to address this.
But, as you know, every bit of funding helps.  That is why we started the
ARISS Challenge Coin Donation Campaign this year at the Dayton Hamvention.

 

If anyone has ideas on garnering funds to support the ARISS hardware
initiative, please contact me directly at my ka3hdo at amsat.org
<mailto:ka3hdo at amsat.org>  address. 

 

Thanks for all your interest and support to ARISS.

 

73,  Frank H. Bauer, KA3HDO

AMSAT V.P. for Human Spaceflight Programs

ARISS International Chair

 

*****

Yesterday, October 21, 2016, the ARISS hardware team accomplished a very
major milestone-the successful completion of the Technical Interchange
Meeting (TIM) for the Interoperable Hardware System, which includes the JVC
Kenwood D710 Radio and the Multi Voltage Power Supply.

 

The TIM was conducted as an ARISS hardware milestone from the Technical
Evaluation and Support (TES) Committee (TES) and our international members
from TES were present.  The TIM also had subject matter experts from NASA
attending and providing advice as well as a former (retired) chief engineer
from the NASA Space Communication and Navigation (SCaN) organization.  All
in all, ARISS received great advice and suggestions on how to move forward
with the hardware development.  I am most proud that we have completed this
first major milestone in the development of the next ARISS hardware upgrade
to fly on ISS.

 

On behalf of the ARISS International team, I would like to thank TES
co-leads Mark Steiner and Lou McFadin for their leadership in getting the
important milestone accomplished.  I would also like to thank Kerry Banke,
the Multi Voltage Power Supply developer, Bob Davis who is developing the
mechanical enclosure for the system, and Bob Bruninga and Dave Taylor for
their help on the D710  programming modes.  And, of course, special thanks
goes to JVC Kenwood and Aota Shin and Phil Parton for their support,
equipment and engineering that will serve ARISS and the ham community for
years to come.

 

With this milestone completed, we will move forward with the design process
and finalize the design with a TIM in the next few months.  Our next hurdle
will be the Phase 0 safety review which we hope to complete before the end
of this year.  While aggressive, we are still working with NASA towards an
October 2017 launch of the hardware system.

 

As you communicate this important milestone to your friends, please remind
them that we cannot complete this effort without funding.  Human spaceflight
hardware developments are always expensive.  They are most welcome to donate
towards the hardware development by pushing the "ARISS Donate" button at
www.amsat.org <http://www.amsat.org> .  Those that donate $100 or more will
receive a special ARISS Commemorative Coin.  

 

I thank all of you for all your sustained support and efforts to our ARISS
cause over the years. It is hard to believe that we are nearing 20 years of
being a team.

 

73,  Frank Bauer, KA3HDO


From mark.g0mgx at gmail.com  Sat Oct 22 05:25:26 2016
From: mark.g0mgx at gmail.com (Mark, G0MGX)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 06:25:26 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] Logger32 Help
In-Reply-To: <16f120fc-9278-748e-0123-7c16973136fd@verizon.net>
References: <4D4AEDA8-83C8-4DA6-84AA-09732369F50A@gmail.com>
	<16f120fc-9278-748e-0123-7c16973136fd@verizon.net>
Message-ID: <001801d22c24$b2a6db10$17f49130$@gmail.com>

Hi Chad

If you right click on the call box of the log entry window and then go Setup
-> My QTH Lat/Long you will find the place to enter grid square et cetera of
your station.

If your operations on sats are the same location as your main station then I
would use the same log for all from that location (that's what I do). But
you can also easily setup different logs for different activities if you
prefer. 

I've been using Logger32 for many year and consider myself fairly savvy with
the program - happy to help off reflector if I can.

Mark
G0MGX

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Jim Jerzycke
Sent: 22 October 2016 00:28
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Logger32 Help

Paper log here. I operate satellites mostly for Field Day, and I just can't
handle operating and logging on my PC at the same time.


That's followed over to when I operate satellites at home.


The only computer logging I do is when I operate HF, and I use ACLog 
from N3FJP.


73, Jim  KQ6EA


On 10/21/2016 10:29 PM, Chad Phillips wrote:
> Hello everyone,
>
> I have a bunch of contacts to enter into Logger32 and I am trying to
figure out how to enter my grid square for my location. Any help?
>
> I'm also curious how you all log your contacts. Do you keep a separate log
just for sats or lump it all together with your hf stuff. I've made a number
of contacts activating other grids and just trying to find smooth way to
keep track of my contacts and VUCC
>
> Thanks,
>
> Chad
> KG0MW
>
> Sent from my iPhone
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From n1jez at burlingtontelecom.net  Sat Oct 22 16:12:48 2016
From: n1jez at burlingtontelecom.net (Mike Seguin)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 12:12:48 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <739376b1-cfc2-edfc-b408-0db0230c2f5f@destevez.net>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<1AA7C79D-ED1C-4599-BD51-97AB00BB2BA4@gmail.com>
	<739376b1-cfc2-edfc-b408-0db0230c2f5f@destevez.net>
Message-ID: <f3157768-47ad-b645-c4d8-03442e34345a@burlingtontelecom.net>

I'm interested in the Outernet L-Band service, so today I decided to see 
if I could at least detect the signal. I really don't have any optimized 
antenna or preamp but I had an idea.

I have an old Trimble 41556 bullet GPS antenna that has a bad output 
connector on it. GPS is up around 1575 MHz. Depending on the type of 
antenna used, there can be really tight bandpass filtering that won't 
pass the ~1539 MHz Outernet signal.

So I opened up the antenna and removed the two bandpass filters in the 
unit. Here are two pics of the parts and the simple bypass I did. This 
is real meatball surgery <grin>

Here are the filters.
https://www.dropbox.com/s/t9r9pwitjzjjgxq/filters.jpg?dl=0

Here is the LNA with red arrows showing where I removed the filters.
https://www.dropbox.com/s/3w6q78kocvzvw3m/Trimble.jpg?dl=0

The patch antenna used for GPS is designed to look at a large portion of 
the sky at once, so I knew the directional gain wouldn't be great, but 
what the heck! This is an experiment.

I used my FUNcube Dongle as a receiver. This is one of the original 
ones, but it does have a switchable 5v bias tee on the input. I used 
this 5 volts to power the GPS antenna.

Just pointing the patch out the window, I see this signal:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/48fhr38vwhylozz/Outernet.JPG?dl=0

So I have something. I assume it's the Outernet signal? It definitely 
peaks at the correct AZ/EL for Inmarsat 4-F3 from my location. I do need 
to check the frequency calibration of my FUNcube as the signal is higher 
than I expected.

The next step will be to use my RTL dongle with appropriate software to 
see if I decode anything. I could easily use a better/more directional 
(more gain) antenna connected to the GPS LNA by simply disconnecting the 
patch.

This is fun!

Mike
-- 

73,
Mike, N1JEZ
"A closed mouth gathers no feet"

From kk0sd1 at att.net  Sat Oct 22 11:56:34 2016
From: kk0sd1 at att.net (Gary "Joe" Mayfield)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 06:56:34 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Logger32 Help
In-Reply-To: <001801d22c24$b2a6db10$17f49130$@gmail.com>
References: <4D4AEDA8-83C8-4DA6-84AA-09732369F50A@gmail.com>	<16f120fc-9278-748e-0123-7c16973136fd@verizon.net>
	<001801d22c24$b2a6db10$17f49130$@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <000001d22c5b$56ff3e60$04fdbb20$@att.net>

Chad,

	Every contact I have ever made is recorded in ACLog from N3FJP. It
makes operating from multiple locations and using LOTW easy. I have no
affiliation other than being a satisfied customer. Many years ago when I
converted my paper logs to digital I used Fast Log Entry
http://www.df3cb.com/fle/ it was still a bit of a chore.

73,
Joe kk0sd

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Mark, G0MGX
Sent: Saturday, October 22, 2016 12:25 AM
To: 'Jim Jerzycke' <kq6ea at verizon.net>; amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Logger32 Help

Hi Chad

If you right click on the call box of the log entry window and then go Setup
-> My QTH Lat/Long you will find the place to enter grid square et 
-> cetera of
your station.

If your operations on sats are the same location as your main station then I
would use the same log for all from that location (that's what I do). But
you can also easily setup different logs for different activities if you
prefer. 

I've been using Logger32 for many year and consider myself fairly savvy with
the program - happy to help off reflector if I can.

Mark
G0MGX

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Jim Jerzycke
Sent: 22 October 2016 00:28
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Logger32 Help

Paper log here. I operate satellites mostly for Field Day, and I just can't
handle operating and logging on my PC at the same time.


That's followed over to when I operate satellites at home.


The only computer logging I do is when I operate HF, and I use ACLog from
N3FJP.


73, Jim  KQ6EA


On 10/21/2016 10:29 PM, Chad Phillips wrote:
> Hello everyone,
>
> I have a bunch of contacts to enter into Logger32 and I am trying to
figure out how to enter my grid square for my location. Any help?
>
> I'm also curious how you all log your contacts. Do you keep a separate log
just for sats or lump it all together with your hf stuff. I've made a number
of contacts activating other grids and just trying to find smooth way to
keep track of my contacts and VUCC
>
> Thanks,
>
> Chad
> KG0MW
>
> Sent from my iPhone
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From wb3csy at gmail.com  Sat Oct 22 18:37:36 2016
From: wb3csy at gmail.com (Rick Walter)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 14:37:36 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <739376b1-cfc2-edfc-b408-0db0230c2f5f@destevez.net>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<1AA7C79D-ED1C-4599-BD51-97AB00BB2BA4@gmail.com>
	<739376b1-cfc2-edfc-b408-0db0230c2f5f@destevez.net>
Message-ID: <B5A3F2AD-357C-4DCD-9117-1C2504AD2D6D@gmail.com>

Thank you for the replies to my questions from a couple of people. The azimuth aiming difference between the two programs is more than my magnetic declination but i'll look at the math again. 

I really did not expect to hear the bird with a simple discone antenna without a pre-amp but was surprised to see a fairly strong signal using the Funcube Dongle Pro plus. A friend who lives about 3 miles away checked the frequency with his equipment and hears nothing. I figured it had to be local. It may be coming from my Comcast Gateway or telemetry from a local water pumping station.  I realize you need the SDR mentioned by the outernet docs but thought I would try the FCD for the fun of it. 

As always, there are great threads on this bb. Some may say this has nothing to do with amateur radio satellites but I say wait until we get that geosynchronous bird in orbit! This experience will help us in the end. 

Please keep the outernet info flowing. I know it will help many of us. 
73,
Rick WB3CSY

Sent from Rick's iPhone 6S
"Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds" - Albert Einstein

"Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic" - Arthur C. Clarke




> On Oct 19, 2016, at 5:40 PM, Dani EA4GPZ <daniel at destevez.net> wrote:
> 
>> El 19/10/16 a las 18:03, Rick Walter escribi?:
>> Since reading about the Outernet, I am becoming more curious. I have
>> a Funcube Dongle Pro + connected to my discone antenna going into my
>> windows 7 laptop, running SDR Console. I am hearing a signal that
>> sounds like data with about 2-3 second breaks every so often. The
>> frequency is 1,539.793 MHz and I have the decode in Data USB 24 KHz
>> bandwidth. The signal is -60 dBM on the signal strength meter. Is it
>> possible I am hearing this signal from the bird or could it be a
>> local source? I already have 4 versions of the Raspberry Pi but
>> figured this would be a reason to purchase the version 3! We all need
>> a good excuse to present to the XYL.
> 
> Hi Rick,
> 
> The signal you describe doesn't seem to me like Outernet's signal.
> Outernet's signal is a bit more than 4kHz wide and it doesn't have any
> breaks in it.
> 
> -60dBm on your SDR software doesn't really mean anything unless you have
> calibrated your signal meter (and -60dBm would be way too high for
> Outernet's signal). What is strength of the noise floor?
> 
> Some 10's of kHz above Outernet you have 2 other signals from the same
> Inmarsat satellite. They are a bit narrower than Outernet and much more
> stronger (perhaps 10dB even). I would use those to check if you hear the
> bird.
> 
> I haven't run the numbers, but I wouldn't expect that you'll be able to
> hear Outernet with a discone and no LNA. In my experience the FUNcube
> Dongle Pro+ is not very good at 1.5GHz (but I haven't done any serious
> tests), and if you have a long cable run from the antenna to the dongle,
> then you definitely need an LNA.
> 
> By the way, Outernet's software doesn't support the FUNcube dongle, only
> the RTL-SDR or MiriSDR. You may want to look at
> https://github.com/daniestevez/gr-outernet
> which supports any SDR that works in GNUradio.
> 
>> Finally, I keep thinking if I get all the components to grab this
>> data, is it really worth it other than to say I did it? Thanks for
>> any guidance or comments. Rick - WB3CSY
> 
> That's something you'll have to decide for yourself. What you currently
> get is:
> 
> * An hourly small file with a listing of all APRS packets sent through
> satellites or the ISS and all APRS packets containing the word OUTNET.
> * Some grib files with the weather (most useful to sailors)
> * Some other weather data
> * Random (most popular) wikipedia pages
> 
> Most of the bandwidth is spent with wikipedia pages, and the bandwidth
> is not so high: you can only get about 15MB worth of files per day.
> 
> Of course you could get the same content on the internet.
> 
> If you just want to see how it looks like, I have several brief SDR
> recordings and recordings of Outernet frames that can be used with
> https://github.com/daniestevez/free-outernet/
> 
> One reason to get the hardware for Outernet (LNA and perhaps patch
> antenna) is that it can be used used not only to receive Outernet but
> many other things on the L-band.
> 
> 
> 73,
> 
> Dani EA4GPZ.
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Sat Oct 22 20:09:11 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 16:09:11 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <f3157768-47ad-b645-c4d8-03442e34345a@burlingtontelecom.net>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com><1AA7C79D-ED1C-4599-BD51-97AB00BB2BA4@gmail.com><739376b1-cfc2-edfc-b408-0db0230c2f5f@destevez.net>
	<f3157768-47ad-b645-c4d8-03442e34345a@burlingtontelecom.net>
Message-ID: <9A8CCB9F8A414FF59CB24A55FD412BF2@CSI9020>

It is fun, Mike.  If you'd told me a year ago that I would be receiving 
something from geosynchronous orbit, or anything at all above 1GHz, I would 
have asked what you were drinking!

But, thanks to a lot of talented & generous programmers in the amateur 
community, not only can we receive satellite data streams but many of them 
can be decoded.

As for L-band transmissions from Inmarsat 4-F3 (my only point of reference), 
it's become apparent to me that there is considerable variation in both 
bandwidth and signal strength across the spectrum.  As luck would have it, 
the Outernet signal is weaker & more narrow than most of what you see up 
there.  I guess it's safe to assume that you get what you pay for!

Still, it's a completely receivable signal.

I'd like to offer a couple of screen shots that might help you get familiar 
with what to expect.  You can best spot the Outernet signal because there 
are two stronger signals to the right of it.  If you'd like to look at these 
images, you can see what to expect. (Outernet data stream is on the left)

http://k4kdr.github.io/files/outernet/2016-10-06--Outernet-HDSDR.png

-and-

http://k4kdr.github.io/files/outernet/2016-10-14--Outernet-GQRX.png

... finally, if you'd like to see a broader view of what is coming down from 
Inmarsat 4-F3, I posted a screen shot from SDRSharp the other day as one of 
several images in a Tweet:

https://twitter.com/scott23192/status/786804580625428482

Hope some of that might help!

-Scott,  K4KDR


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------



-----Original Message----- 
From: Mike Seguin
Sent: Saturday, October 22, 2016 12:12 PM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service

I'm interested in the Outernet L-Band service, so today I decided to see
if I could at least detect the signal. I really don't have any optimized
antenna or preamp but I had an idea.

I have an old Trimble 41556 bullet GPS antenna that has a bad output
connector on it. GPS is up around 1575 MHz. Depending on the type of
antenna used, there can be really tight bandpass filtering that won't
pass the ~1539 MHz Outernet signal.

So I opened up the antenna and removed the two bandpass filters in the
unit. Here are two pics of the parts and the simple bypass I did. This
is real meatball surgery <grin>

Here are the filters.
https://www.dropbox.com/s/t9r9pwitjzjjgxq/filters.jpg?dl=0

Here is the LNA with red arrows showing where I removed the filters.
https://www.dropbox.com/s/3w6q78kocvzvw3m/Trimble.jpg?dl=0

The patch antenna used for GPS is designed to look at a large portion of
the sky at once, so I knew the directional gain wouldn't be great, but
what the heck! This is an experiment.

I used my FUNcube Dongle as a receiver. This is one of the original
ones, but it does have a switchable 5v bias tee on the input. I used
this 5 volts to power the GPS antenna.

Just pointing the patch out the window, I see this signal:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/48fhr38vwhylozz/Outernet.JPG?dl=0

So I have something. I assume it's the Outernet signal? It definitely
peaks at the correct AZ/EL for Inmarsat 4-F3 from my location. I do need
to check the frequency calibration of my FUNcube as the signal is higher
than I expected.

The next step will be to use my RTL dongle with appropriate software to
see if I decode anything. I could easily use a better/more directional
(more gain) antenna connected to the GPS LNA by simply disconnecting the
patch.

This is fun!

Mike
-- 

73,
Mike, N1JEZ
"A closed mouth gathers no feet" 


From mjohns166 at yahoo.com  Sat Oct 22 20:32:25 2016
From: mjohns166 at yahoo.com (Mark Johns)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 20:32:25 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 Doppler problem
References: <581023436.400529.1477168345220.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>

For some reason, my SatPC32 has stopped correctly compensating for Doppler shift on FO-29. I'm continually having to "find myself" all over the passband, making adjustments throughout the pass, just like the old days when everything was manual.
 
I've updated the Keps. I marked the uplink and downlink freqs at time of closest approach on a high-elevation pass, and re-edited my Doppler.SQF with those numbers.

SatPC32 is talking to the rig, and it does make regular changes to both uplink and downlink frequencies -- they just happen not to be correct.

I'm stumped! Any thoughts?-- 

Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ 
Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
-----------------------------------------------
"Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit, 
   you would stay out and your dog would go in." 
     ---Mark Twain

From n1jez at burlingtontelecom.net  Sat Oct 22 21:02:22 2016
From: n1jez at burlingtontelecom.net (Mike Seguin)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 17:02:22 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
In-Reply-To: <9A8CCB9F8A414FF59CB24A55FD412BF2@CSI9020>
References: <CAMpzqDHZtgMAbNDDybEyZ7Mo8CC+1konANyppwtdzo34zThSdw@mail.gmail.com>
	<1AA7C79D-ED1C-4599-BD51-97AB00BB2BA4@gmail.com>
	<739376b1-cfc2-edfc-b408-0db0230c2f5f@destevez.net>
	<f3157768-47ad-b645-c4d8-03442e34345a@burlingtontelecom.net>
	<9A8CCB9F8A414FF59CB24A55FD412BF2@CSI9020>
Message-ID: <f7771260-8d1b-a917-ffcc-8fa3c3d8e18f@burlingtontelecom.net>

Hi Scott,

Tnx for the images. Big help! So I am seeing Inmarsat, but I need more 
gain. Time to dig out a WA5VJB log periodic and AD6IW preamp I have here 
and see what that does.

Mike

On 10/22/2016 4:09 PM, Scott wrote:
> It is fun, Mike.  If you'd told me a year ago that I would be receiving
> something from geosynchronous orbit, or anything at all above 1GHz, I
> would have asked what you were drinking!
>
> But, thanks to a lot of talented & generous programmers in the amateur
> community, not only can we receive satellite data streams but many of
> them can be decoded.
>
> As for L-band transmissions from Inmarsat 4-F3 (my only point of
> reference), it's become apparent to me that there is considerable
> variation in both bandwidth and signal strength across the spectrum.  As
> luck would have it, the Outernet signal is weaker & more narrow than
> most of what you see up there.  I guess it's safe to assume that you get
> what you pay for!
>
> Still, it's a completely receivable signal.
>
> I'd like to offer a couple of screen shots that might help you get
> familiar with what to expect.  You can best spot the Outernet signal
> because there are two stronger signals to the right of it.  If you'd
> like to look at these images, you can see what to expect. (Outernet data
> stream is on the left)
>
> http://k4kdr.github.io/files/outernet/2016-10-06--Outernet-HDSDR.png
>
> -and-
>
> http://k4kdr.github.io/files/outernet/2016-10-14--Outernet-GQRX.png
>
> ... finally, if you'd like to see a broader view of what is coming down
> from Inmarsat 4-F3, I posted a screen shot from SDRSharp the other day
> as one of several images in a Tweet:
>
> https://twitter.com/scott23192/status/786804580625428482
>
> Hope some of that might help!
>
> -Scott,  K4KDR
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message----- From: Mike Seguin
> Sent: Saturday, October 22, 2016 12:12 PM
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
> Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band Service
>
> I'm interested in the Outernet L-Band service, so today I decided to see
> if I could at least detect the signal. I really don't have any optimized
> antenna or preamp but I had an idea.
>
> I have an old Trimble 41556 bullet GPS antenna that has a bad output
> connector on it. GPS is up around 1575 MHz. Depending on the type of
> antenna used, there can be really tight bandpass filtering that won't
> pass the ~1539 MHz Outernet signal.
>
> So I opened up the antenna and removed the two bandpass filters in the
> unit. Here are two pics of the parts and the simple bypass I did. This
> is real meatball surgery <grin>
>
> Here are the filters.
> https://www.dropbox.com/s/t9r9pwitjzjjgxq/filters.jpg?dl=0
>
> Here is the LNA with red arrows showing where I removed the filters.
> https://www.dropbox.com/s/3w6q78kocvzvw3m/Trimble.jpg?dl=0
>
> The patch antenna used for GPS is designed to look at a large portion of
> the sky at once, so I knew the directional gain wouldn't be great, but
> what the heck! This is an experiment.
>
> I used my FUNcube Dongle as a receiver. This is one of the original
> ones, but it does have a switchable 5v bias tee on the input. I used
> this 5 volts to power the GPS antenna.
>
> Just pointing the patch out the window, I see this signal:
> https://www.dropbox.com/s/48fhr38vwhylozz/Outernet.JPG?dl=0
>
> So I have something. I assume it's the Outernet signal? It definitely
> peaks at the correct AZ/EL for Inmarsat 4-F3 from my location. I do need
> to check the frequency calibration of my FUNcube as the signal is higher
> than I expected.
>
> The next step will be to use my RTL dongle with appropriate software to
> see if I decode anything. I could easily use a better/more directional
> (more gain) antenna connected to the GPS LNA by simply disconnecting the
> patch.
>
> This is fun!
>
> Mike

-- 

73,
Mike, N1JEZ
"A closed mouth gathers no feet"

From pconver at gmail.com  Sat Oct 22 21:07:26 2016
From: pconver at gmail.com (Pedro Converso)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 18:07:26 -0300
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 Doppler problem
In-Reply-To: <581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <581023436.400529.1477168345220.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <CANTZqKnZJyoHZb_JkSVuTzTeZdF834-ATDsMXRoZXtykhH6agw@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Mark,

I have used for FO-29 this pair of central frequencies:

FO-29,435851.95,145951.6,USB,LSB,REV,0,0,Transponder

they are working for me on an FT-736R.

These are used on http://amsat.org.ar/pass.htm using wispDDE

Hope you get on sync with this nice Sat.

73, lu7abf, Pedro Converso

On Sat, Oct 22, 2016 at 5:32 PM, Mark Johns via AMSAT-BB
<amsat-bb at amsat.org> wrote:
> For some reason, my SatPC32 has stopped correctly compensating for Doppler shift on FO-29. I'm continually having to "find myself" all over the passband, making adjustments throughout the pass, just like the old days when everything was manual.
>
> I've updated the Keps. I marked the uplink and downlink freqs at time of closest approach on a high-elevation pass, and re-edited my Doppler.SQF with those numbers.
>
> SatPC32 is talking to the rig, and it does make regular changes to both uplink and downlink frequencies -- they just happen not to be correct.
>
> I'm stumped! Any thoughts?--
>
> Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ
> Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
> -----------------------------------------------
> "Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit,
>    you would stay out and your dog would go in."
>      ---Mark Twain
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From wao at vfr.net  Sun Oct 23 02:20:00 2016
From: wao at vfr.net (Joseph Spier)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 19:20:00 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] ANS-297 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins
Message-ID: <84a7394c-71a4-4390-3d1a-5e922c777287@vfr.net>

AMSAT NEWS SERVICE
ANS-297
The AMSAT News Service bulletins are a free, weekly news and infor-
mation service of AMSAT North America, The Radio Amateur Satellite
Corporation. ANS publishes news related to Amateur Radio in Space
including reports on the activities of a worldwide group of Amateur
Radio operators who share an active interest in designing, building,
launching and communicating through analog and digital Amateur Radio
satellites.

The news feed on http://www.amsat.org publishes news of Amateur
Radio in Space as soon as our volunteers can post it.

Please send any amateur satellite news or reports to:
ans-editor at amsat.org.

In this edition:

* VHF Handheld Radio Failed, ARISS Contacts Moved to Kenwood Radio on Board
    the International Space Station (ISS)
* New ARISS Equipment Completes Major Milestone, Donations Still Needed
* ESEO Satellite Project
* iCubeSat 2017 Workshop
* 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium at Sea Registration Still Open
* ARISS Proposal Window Closes November 1, 2016
* AMSAT Events
* ARISS News
* Satellite Shorts From All Over

SB SAT @ AMSAT $ANS-297.01
ANS-297 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins

AMSAT News Service Bulletin 297.01
 >From AMSAT HQ KENSINGTON, MD.
DATE October 23, 2016
To All RADIO AMATEURS
BID: $ANS-297.01


---------------------------------------------------------------------


VHF Handheld Radio Failed, ARISS Contacts Moved to Kenwood Radio on Board
the International Space Station (ISS)


The VHF handheld radio model that has been used by the ARISS program to
connect students worldwide with astronauts on board the International Space
Station (ISS) for over 16 years has given an error message and is 
unusable at
this time. While the ARISS technical team evaluates the best path to restore
operation from the Columbus module, ARISS contacts will be supported 
using the
Kenwood radio in the Russian Service Module. During this period, the packet
digipeater will be unavailable.

Switching to the 70 cm radio capability on board the Columbus module for 
some
operations is being coordinated. Expect further updates as we work to 
resolve
this problem.

Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) is a cooperative
venture of international amateur radio societies and the space agencies that
support the International Space Station (ISS). In the United States, 
sponsors
are the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), the American Radio 
Relay
League (ARRL), the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space 
(CASIS) and
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).  The primary goal of
ARISS is to promote exploration of science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics (STEM) topics by organizing scheduled contacts via amateur radio
between crew members aboard the ISS and students in classrooms or informal
education venues.  With the help of experienced amateur radio 
volunteers, ISS
crews speak directly with large audiences in a variety of public forums.
Before and during these radio contacts, students, teachers, parents, and
communities learn about space, space technologies, and amateur radio.

For more information, see
www.ariss.org
www.amsat.org
www.arrl.org.


[ANS thanks ARISS, and Dave Jordan, AA4KN for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


New ARISS Equipment Completes Major Milestone, Donations Still Needed


Yesterday, October 21, 2016, the ARISS hardware team accomplished a very 
major
milestone ? the successful completion of the Technical Interchange Meeting
(TIM)for the Interoperable Hardware System, which includes the JVC 
Kenwood D710
Radio and the Multi Voltage Power Supply.

The TIM was conducted as an ARISS hardware milestone from the Technical
Evaluation and Support (TES) Committee and our international members from
TES were present.  The TIM also had subject matter experts from NASA 
attending
and providing advice as well as a former (retired) chief engineer from 
the NASA
Space Communication and Navigation (SCaN) organization.  All in all, ARISS
received great advice and suggestions on how to move forward with the 
hardware
development.  I am most proud that we have completed this first major 
milestone
in the development of the next ARISS hardware upgrade to fly on ISS.

On behalf of the ARISS International team, I would like to thank TES 
co-leads
Mark Steiner and Lou McFadin for their leadership in getting the important
milestone accomplished.  I would also like to thank Kerry Banke, the Multi
Voltage Power Supply developer, Bob Davis who is developing the mechanical
enclosure for the system, and Bob Bruninga and Dave Taylor for their help on
the D710 programming modes.  And, of course, special thanks goes to JVC
Kenwood and Aota Shin and Phil Parton for their support, equipment and
engineering that will serve ARISS and the ham community for years to come.

With this milestone completed, we will move forward with the design process
and finalize the design with a TIM in the next few months.  Our next hurdle
will be the Phase 0 safety review which we hope to complete before the 
end of
this year.  While aggressive, we are still working with NASA towards an 
October
2017 launch of the hardware system.

The costs and effort to develop and certify equipment for human spaceflight
missions is very high.  The bulk of this cost is for safety certification
testing and hazard reporting expertise.  We have estimated that from 
beginning
to end (a 3 year development cycle), the costs for the new hardware 
system are
in the $200k range.  Note that we are aggressively pursuing real dollar and
in-kind donations to address this. But, as you know, every bit of funding
helps.  That is why we started the ARISS Challenge Coin Donation Campaign
this year at the Dayton Hamvention.

As you communicate this important milestone to your friends, please remind
them that we cannot complete this effort without funding.  Human spaceflight
hardware developments are always expensive.  They are most welcome to donate
towards the hardware development by pushing the ?ARISS Donate? button at

www.amsat.org.

Those that donate $100 or more will receive a special ARISS 
Commemorative Coin.

I thank all of you for all your sustained support and efforts to our ARISS
cause over the years. It is hard to believe that we are nearing 20 years of
ARISS being a team.


[ANS thanks Frank Bauer, KA3HDO, ARISS Chairman for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ESEO Satellite Project


Here is a brief update on the ESEO Satellite project which may be of 
interest.

"A team of 3 from AMSAT-UK and Surrey Space Center visited Forli in 
Italy this
week where the engineering model of the ESEO satellite is being assembled.
During the visit, the team began work integrating the AMSAT payload into 
ESEO,
confirming successful 2 way communication communication via the satellites
CAN bus. They also checked the transmission of educational telemetry at 
1200
and 4800 bits per second and tested the L band to VHF FM transponder.

ESEO, The European Student Earth Orbiter, is a 50kg satellite from ESA
Education incorporating payloads from AMSAT-UK and Universities around
Europe."


[ANS thanks David, G0MRF, and AMSAT-UK for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


iCubeSat 2017 Workshop


iCubeSat 2017 - the 6th Interplanetary CubeSat Workshop will be held
30-31 May 2017 in Cambridge, United Kingdom.

The full call for papers and presentations can be found at
www.iCubeSat.org

iCubeSat 2017, the 6th Interplanetary CubeSat Workshop, will address
the technical challenges, opportunities, and practicalities of
interplanetary space exploration with CubeSats. The workshop provides
a unique environment for open wide ranging practical collaboration
between academic researchers, industry professionals, policy makers
and students developing this new and rapidly growing field. The papers
and presentations from previous workshops at Caltech, Cornell, Imperial,
MIT and Oxford may be found at:

https://icubesat.org/

You can see the presentations from this years workshop
at Oxford at the following link:

https://icubesat.org/archive/2016-2/icubesat-program-2016


[ANS thanks Micheal, iCubeSat 2017 Committee for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


2016 AMSAT Space Symposium at Sea Registration Still Open


If you are an Individual attending Symposium on board the CARNIVAL LIBERTY
departing Galveston, TX on November 10,  you must register to attend the 
AMSAT
Space Symposium & Annual Meeting through AMSAT.  Cruise arrangements made
through Carnival Cruise Lines does not include the registration fee for the
Symposium itself.

There are three options to register for Symposium:

-Complete and mail  to the AMSAT Office the 2016 Symposium Registration Form
that was sent to all AMSAT members back in July along with the BoD 
ballot along
with payment;

-Call the AMSAT Office (301-822-4376) and speak with AMSAT Office Manager
Martha Saragovitz ; or

-Use the AMSAT Store (store.amsat.org) by selecting the ?2016 AMSAT-NA
Symposium Registration? link found under ?Bestsellers? on the right hand 
side
of the store?s main page.

Registration for the Symposium is $40.00 and includes a copy of the
?Proceedings? that contains papers written for the Symposium as well as
technical documentation that AMSAT is placing in the public domain.  The
?Proceedings? will be available to attendees onboard ship.  In addition, the
registration provides a means to confirm the number of individuals in your
party planning to attend the AMSAT Banquet as well as an opportunity to 
reserve
seats for the Field Ops Breakfast.  Both meals are open to anyone wishing to
attend (AMSAT Registration is not necessary) and there is no charge for 
either
event as food is included in your cruise package.  However, by 
indicating how
many individuals will be attending, it helps to ensure that sufficient 
seating
is made available for each activity.

As the AMSAT Office will not be open after Monday, 7 NOV 16 through that 
week,
we ask that your Symposium Registration be received at the AMSAT office by
Friday, 4 NOV 16.


[ANS thanks 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium Committee for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARISS Proposal Window Closes November 1, 2016


The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) Program is
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with 
a crew
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS 
orbits will
determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large 
numbers
of participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed 
education plan.

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal
information and documents can be found at

www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.


[ANS thanks ARISS for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


AMSAT Events


Information about AMSAT activities at other important events around
the country.  Examples of these events are radio club meetings where
AMSAT Area Coordinators give presentations, demonstrations of working
amateur satellites, and hamfests with an AMSAT presence (a table with
AMSAT literature and merchandise, sometimes also with presentations,
forums, and/or demonstrations).

*Thursday-Monday, 10-14 November 2016 ? 2106 AMSAT Space Symposium,
Symposium at Sea, on Carnival Liberty, Galveston TX to Cozumel and
return

*Saturday, 12 November 2016 ? Oro Valley Amateur Radio Club Hamfest in
Marana AZ

*Saturday, 3 December 2016 ? Superstition Superfest in Mesa AZ

*Saturday, 14 January 2017 ? Thunderbird Hamfest 2017 in Phoenix AZ

*Saturday, 4 February 2017 ? Palm Springs Hamfest in Palm Springs CA

*Friday-Sunday, 10-12 February 2017   Orlando HamCation in Orlando, FL

*Friday and Saturday, 17-18 February 2017 ? Yuma Hamfest in Yuma AZ


[ANS thanks AMSAT-NA for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARISS News


Successful Contacts

*  Howell L. Watkins Middle School, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida
direct via N4J.
The ISS callsign was scheduled to be NA1SS.
The scheduled astronaut is Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact was successful: Mon 2016-10-17 16:08:00 UTC

Right from AOS full quieting!
All 20 questions asked and a farewell by all the students transmitted.
Contact duration 9 mins 30 seconds.
At 16:15 UTC not sure if it was low audio or a signal issue but question 20
had to be repeated. Live streamed over the school network to about 900
students. Media coverage was 2 newspapers and TV station.
There were about 90 students present.

*  University of Nebraska's Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha NE, telebridge
via VK4KHZ.
The ISS callsign was scheduled to be NA1SS.
The scheduled astronaut was Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Contact was successful:  Sat 2016-10-15 14:00:08 UTC 29  deg

This was a JOTA event. An estimate of audience was 5,750.  We had 19 of 20
scouts interview Dr. Rubins. The last question was at LOS, but Astronaut
Mike Fossum (who was at the event) answered for Dr. Rubins. There was low
audio from the event, but Shane, VK4KHZ relayed the questions to the ISS.

*  Stephen F. Austin Elementary  School, Brazosport ISD, Jones Creek, 
Texas,
telebridge via VK5ZAI
The ISS callsign was scheduled to be NA1SS.
The scheduled astronaut was Takuya Onishi KF5LKS
Contact was successful: Mon 2016-10-10 16:46:00 UTC

Takuya Onishi answered 24 questions. About 400 students, teachers and
parents were in the audience. Reporters from two small local newspapers
were also in attendance.


Upcoming Contacts

*  Istituto Comprensivo ?Marco da Melo?, Mel, Italy, direct via IQ3FL
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS.
The scheduled astronaut is Shane Kimbrough KE5HOD.
Contact is presently scheduled for: Sat 2016-11-05 09:32:10 UTC 76 deg

Watch
http://www.ariss.org/upcoming-contacts.html
for information about upcoming contacts as they are scheduled.


[ANS thanks ARISS, Dave, AA4KN, and Charlie, AJ9N for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


Satellite Shorts From All Over


AMSAT's Around the World

A new link has been created under the AMSAT pull-down tab at

http://www.amsat.org  or directly

http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=5618

which list the links to all the other AMSAT's around the world. A webpage
like this was on the old AMSAT site and never got migrated over. A new 
webpage
has been created. Check it out!

[ANS thanks Bruce Paige, KK5DO, AMSAT BOD Member for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------

/EX

In addition to regular membership, AMSAT offers membership in the
President's Club. Members of the President's Club, as sustaining
donors to AMSAT Project Funds, will be eligible to receive addi-
tional benefits. Application forms are available from the AMSAT
Office.

Primary and secondary school students are eligible for membership
at one-half the standard yearly rate. Post-secondary school students
enrolled in at least half time status shall be eligible for the stu-
dent rate for a maximum of 6 post-secondary years in this status.
Contact Martha at the AMSAT Office for additional student membership
information.

73,
This week's ANS Editor,
Joe Spier, K6WAO
k6wao at amsat dot org




From ka3hsw at att.net  Sun Oct 23 04:23:30 2016
From: ka3hsw at att.net (George Henry)
Date: Sat, 22 Oct 2016 23:23:30 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 Doppler problem
References: <581023436.400529.1477168345220.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <6F152DD01AF3479B89EB2F0F2A8425CD@parents>

How accurate is the time on your computer?  If it's not dead on, that can 
mess with your doppler correction...

73,
George, KA3HSW


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Mark Johns via AMSAT-BB" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
To: "AMSAT BB" <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
Sent: Saturday, October 22, 2016 3:32 PM
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 Doppler problem


> For some reason, my SatPC32 has stopped correctly compensating for Doppler 
> shift on FO-29. I'm continually having to "find myself" all over the 
> passband, making adjustments throughout the pass, just like the old days 
> when everything was manual.
>
> I've updated the Keps. I marked the uplink and downlink freqs at time of 
> closest approach on a high-elevation pass, and re-edited my Doppler.SQF 
> with those numbers.
>
> SatPC32 is talking to the rig, and it does make regular changes to both 
> uplink and downlink frequencies -- they just happen not to be correct.
>
> I'm stumped! Any thoughts?-- 
>
> Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ
> Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
> -----------------------------------------------


---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus


From tosca005 at umn.edu  Sun Oct 23 05:04:07 2016
From: tosca005 at umn.edu (John Toscano)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 00:04:07 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Crossed polarity dual band single feed yagi
In-Reply-To: <20161020144852.Horde.awcC0UY7KBhyK7vGduli9lY@webmail.satavirtual.org>
References: <20161020111622.Horde._eyU21K69A-o32c3Geu5Qib@webmail.satavirtual.org>
	<CAJdc4v6-HAaNHf5U9J0n0dx-DuFJSJe6djnO2kMt9VaiLscu0g@mail.gmail.com>
	<20161020144852.Horde.awcC0UY7KBhyK7vGduli9lY@webmail.satavirtual.org>
Message-ID: <CABGf72rA=r-NMNrOHcQvSyyKOzd4k-GK=Q=De5c6ureNWrNaoA@mail.gmail.com>

What about putting the VHF elements at a 45 degree angle to the UHF
elements? Say, for example, the VHF elements were vertical and horizontal,
then the UHF elements would be the two diagonals, up-to-the-right and
down-to-the-right. That might help to reduce interference between the two
bands. This would (at least theoretically) allow the VHF and UHF elements
to be interspersed within one another. One VHF feed and one UHF feed could
start at nearly the same boom position, and the second VHF feed could be
spaced 1/4 of the VHF frequency forward, while the second UHF feed could be
spaced 1/4 of the UHF frequency (i.e., about a third as far of a distance)
forward. I suppose it could get pretty crowded on the boom, but it is at
least theoretically possible. I'd be curious to see what a NEC simulation
predicts.

On Thu, Oct 20, 2016 at 9:48 AM, Pedro via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
wrote:

> Hi Rico,
>
> Thank you for that explanation.
>
> The main problem here is that the original antenna has the UHF elements
> just to help the VHF tune into UHF. It's not a true dual feed VHF/UHF.
> So if I get this concept in circular polarisation it'll always be for the
> VHF leaving UHF to the mercy of a low gain.
>
> The simulation confirms that the gain will bend into an elliptical
> polarisation, but not that significant.
>
> It's tricky alright.
>
> Here are the calculations from 4nec2.
>
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/single_VHF.png
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/single_UHF.png
>
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/3inch_VHF.png
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/3inch_UHF.png
>
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/16inch_VHF.png
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6751494/16inch_UHF.png
>
> 73s Pedro
> CU2ZG
>
>
> Quoting Rico van Genugten <rico.van.genugten at gmail.com>:
>
> Hi Pedro,
>>
>> I have thought about this subject a lot. How to build an antenna that is
>> single boom, dual band, circularly polarized. I have come to the
>> conclusion
>> that it is pretty difficult due to the following considerations:
>>
>>  - To create a circularly polarized antenna a phase shift of 1/4 wl is
>> needed. A phase shift can be obtained through physical distance on the
>> boom, or a difference in feed line length.
>>
>>  - When a phase shift of 0 is produced, for instance when the elements are
>> on the same location on the boom and there is no feed line difference, you
>> will end up with a diagonal linear polarized antenna. Think about it: You
>> have two perpendicular linear antennas in the same plane, the resultant
>> will be the summation of the two antennes: a diagonal antenna.
>>
>> - When a phase shift of anything in between 0 and 1/4 wl (or any multiple)
>> is produced, the antenna polarization is somewhere between linear and
>> circular: it will be elliptically polarized. This will mean that it is not
>> completely deaf in one plane like a linear antenna, but will have a gain
>> optimum in a particular plane and a gain minimum in a plane perpendicular
>> to it.
>>
>> - 1/4 wl spacing on UHF is (obviously) not the same as 1/4 wl spacing on
>> VHF, but if you use open-sleeve feeding (2 feed points) there is no way to
>> manipulate either the position on the boom or the feed line difference for
>> VHF and UHF independently
>>
>> - If you use 4 feed points you have full control of the placing of the
>> four
>> antennas on the boom and the feed line differences and are probably able
>> to
>> produce a true single boom, dual band, circularly polarized antenna, but
>> the VHF and UHF antennas will influence each other so strongly that you
>> will probably end up placing the UHF antenna after the last element of the
>> VHF antenna, leaving you with either a very long boom or very little gain.
>>
>> My two cents. :)
>>
>> 73, Rico
>> PA3RVG
>>
>>
>> On Thu, Oct 20, 2016 at 1:16 PM, Pedro via AMSAT-BB <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
>> wrote:
>>
>> Hi all,
>>>
>>> The best of ham radio is that you can build and experiment.
>>>
>>> My current portable yagi is a dualband single fed (VHF element) home
>>> built, from DK7ZB designs, 4+5 elements version. VHF has 9.25dB gain
>>> 1.03SWR, UHF 8.67dB 1.12SWR.
>>> It works like a charm.
>>>
>>> Now that I'm on the final stages of condo permits for a tower - although
>>> it's a tower on top of the building there are still space limitations -
>>> my
>>> goal is to build a crossed polarity set of my portable antenna. Something
>>> similar to what Gulf Alpha had, but instead of 4 feed points, one for
>>> each
>>> band/polarisation, I'll have only two, combined into one impedance
>>> matched
>>> feed line to the shack.
>>>
>>> Due to the required materials for the feed points and the elements
>>> positions I came up with 2 versions where the vertical antenna is ahead
>>> of
>>> the horizontal by 3 inches and 16 inches. My understanding is that
>>> circular
>>> polarisation would require a specific position for the vertical antenna
>>> plus the proper cable circuit for it.
>>> I'm aware that RHCP would give me a stable signal reception, rather than
>>> my setup even tilted 45 degrees instead of plain horizontal/vertical. I
>>> saw
>>> PU3GUO report on his VHF only antenna while receiving ANDE.
>>>
>>> I've ran the model in 4nec2 for the two options, 145MHz and 435MHz, and
>>> using 5W. Here are my findings.
>>>
>>> 3 inches separation:
>>>
>>> VHF
>>> Both antennas 1.03SWR
>>> Combined gain 9.25dB
>>>
>>> UHF
>>> Both antennas 1.12SWR
>>> Combined gain 8.67dB
>>>
>>> 16 inches separation:
>>>
>>> VHF
>>> Both antennas 1.03SWR
>>> Combined gain 9.24dB
>>>
>>> UHF
>>> Horizontal antenna 1.12SWR; Vertical antenna 1.49SWR
>>> Combined gain 8.27dB
>>>
>>>
>>> My conclusion is that advancing the vertical antenna by so many inches
>>> will result in interference from the horizontal one in such way that the
>>> gain is lower and SWR increases.
>>> Gain in UHF is lower, expected as same happens in my current portable
>>> antenna, and that's because it's being fed in the VHF element.
>>>
>>> Has anyone built something similar that can share any comments?
>>> Would there be any other configuration possible for a single boom?
>>>
>>> Thanks in advance.
>>>
>>> 73s de Pedro
>>> CU2ZG, HM77
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> --
>>> This message has been scanned for viruses and
>>> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
>>> believed to be clean.
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>>> Opinions
>>> expressed
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>>> AMSAT-NA.
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>>> program!
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>>
>>>
>> --
>> This message has been scanned for viruses and
>> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
>> believed to be clean.
>>
>
>
>
>
> --
> This message has been scanned for viruses and
> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
> believed to be clean.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From pe0sat at vgnet.nl  Sun Oct 23 08:00:40 2016
From: pe0sat at vgnet.nl (PE0SAT | Amateur Radio)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 10:00:40 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 Doppler problem
In-Reply-To: <581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <581023436.400529.1477168345220.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <5f1cd048000867eeed5a2807bf88e559@vgnet.nl>

Hello Mark,

Make sure location, time, summer/winter time and time zone are correct.

73 Jan PE0SAT


On 22-10-2016 22:32, Mark Johns via AMSAT-BB wrote:
> For some reason, my SatPC32 has stopped correctly compensating for
> Doppler shift on FO-29. I'm continually having to "find myself" all
> over the passband, making adjustments throughout the pass, just like
> the old days when everything was manual.
> 
> I've updated the Keps. I marked the uplink and downlink freqs at time
> of closest approach on a high-elevation pass, and re-edited my
> Doppler.SQF with those numbers.
> 
> SatPC32 is talking to the rig, and it does make regular changes to
> both uplink and downlink frequencies -- they just happen not to be
> correct.
> 
> I'm stumped! Any thoughts?--
> 
> Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ
> Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
> -----------------------------------------------
> "Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit,
>    you would stay out and your dog would go in."
>      ---Mark Twain
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

-- 
With regards PE0SAT
Internet web-page http://www.pe0sat.vgnet.nl/
DK3WN SatBlog http://www.dk3wn.info/p/
irc://chat.freenode.net #Cubesat - Twitter @pe0sat

From erich.eichmann at t-online.de  Sun Oct 23 10:36:17 2016
From: erich.eichmann at t-online.de (Erich Eichmann)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 12:36:17 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 Doppler problem
In-Reply-To: <581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <581023436.400529.1477168345220.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <c9fc065e-ce31-a956-44d9-cce13fe02e59@t-online.de>


Hello Mark,
try the following:
Track a FO-29 pass and find your signal using the "Upl. Corr." up/down 
controls in menu "CAT". Fine tune the uplink for best audio (best around 
the middle of the pass).  Then click the "Change/Store Data File" in  
menu "CAT" and in the little window that opens click on "Upl. 
Correction". That will save the correct uplink frequency. That is easier 
and more reliable than to enter observed frequencies manually in 
Doppler. SQF.

At the next program start you should immediately hear your signal. 
Little  deviations (100 ... 300 Hz) may remain due to temperature 
differences at the sat or the radio. You can easily correct them using 
the ? keys of the numerical pad with a few hits in steps of 100 Hz. (The 
keys work only if SatPC32 must be the active program  - blue header line).

73s, Erich, DK1TB


Am 22.10.2016 um 22:32 schrieb Mark Johns via AMSAT-BB:
> For some reason, my SatPC32 has stopped correctly compensating for Doppler shift on FO-29. I'm continually having to "find myself" all over the passband, making adjustments throughout the pass, just like the old days when everything was manual.
>   
> I've updated the Keps. I marked the uplink and downlink freqs at time of closest approach on a high-elevation pass, and re-edited my Doppler.SQF with those numbers.
>
> SatPC32 is talking to the rig, and it does make regular changes to both uplink and downlink frequencies -- they just happen not to be correct.
>
> I'm stumped! Any thoughts?--
>
> Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ
> Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
> -----------------------------------------------
> "Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit,
>     you would stay out and your dog would go in."
>       ---Mark Twain
> _______________________________________________
> Sent viaAMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings:http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From nss at mwt.net  Sun Oct 23 14:55:37 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 09:55:37 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
Message-ID: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>

I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year 
absence.
I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most 
happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's

Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to, 
But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm 
just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.

I am in the need of help with prediction programs.

Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar 
Locator.

Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except 
for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see 
what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a 
"BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
The four I have installed are...
SatLookDown1_28
HRDSatTrack
Orbitron
SatPC32

Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate 
to less than a tenth of a second.

Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let 
them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.

The run them.

The,
SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the 
second.

But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.

And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!

Now the ones that agree also match the page

http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#

So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.

Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct passes?

Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
Just let me know,

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com

From planophore at aei.ca  Sun Oct 23 15:25:30 2016
From: planophore at aei.ca (Graham)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 15:25:30 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <48919924-854d-d6db-f341-0c6d992e3740@aei.ca>

Joe,

I feel your pain.

Back in the Oscar 7/8 and RS10 (et al) days, all I had was a simple 
program written in BASIC for which I had to manually update the element 
sets and which only provided a prediction rather than a "real time" 
view. It all seemed so much simpler and to some degree more satisfying.

Skip forward 35 to 40 years and we have all these wonderful near real 
time "ultra cool software programs", multiple computer platforms and 
operating systems (Windows, Apple OS, Linux, Android) and the choices 
are many, the learning curve can be steep, and it is easy to get frustrated.

 From your list I have only first hand experience with Orbitron. The one 
I decided on is not in your list - GPREDICT.

I quickly settled on GPREDICT because to me at least it was intuitive 
and useable on at least Windows and LINUX. Generally I leave it running 
on a Raspberry Pi 3 and a dedicated monitor showing the various Amateur 
and Weather satellites in which I have an interest.  Predictions are 
always spot on. I typically hear whatever satellite I am waiting for 
within a few seconds of the indicated AOS.

To be fair, I also have own GPS disciplined NTP time server which serves 
precise time to all of my networked computers plus I run NTP on each 
computer on the network. I check them regularly to unsure that all are 
correct.

Keeping you computer's time correct is the first hurdle. Having the 
correct time to the a couple of seconds is more than adequate in this 
case and if you have in interest in something like WSPR then within a 
second is usually sufficient.

The next hurdle is to get your latitude, longitude, and altitude set 
correctly in the program of your choice.  Latitude and longitude need to 
have the correct quadrant be it specified as N S E or W or + for N, - 
for S, - for W, and + for E, and as precise as you can. But this you 
already know given your experience with the other modes you have listed. 
Altitude is also important but needn't be that precise but ensuring the 
right units is, i.e. ft or meters as required by the program. But again, 
I think you are already aware of this. I am just being complete in my reply.

Once all of your configurations are set correctly, I can't see these 
programs all giving different answers. It is possible  but the 
underlying math is pretty much all the same for each of the programs.

cheers, Graham ve3gtc


On 2016-10-23 14:55, Joe wrote:
> I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year 
> absence.
> I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
> I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
> All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most 
> happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
>
> Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to, 
> But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm 
> just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
>
> I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
>
> Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a 
> Oscar Locator.
>
> Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! 
> Except for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing 
> several to see what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and 
> there always is a "BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
> The four I have installed are...
> SatLookDown1_28
> HRDSatTrack
> Orbitron
> SatPC32
>
> Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate 
> to less than a tenth of a second.
>
> Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let 
> them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their 
> data.
>
> The run them.
>
> The,
> SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the 
> second.
>
> But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
>
> And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
>
> Now the ones that agree also match the page
>
> http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
>
> So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
>
> Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct 
> passes?
>
> Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
> Just let me know,
>
> Joe WB9SBD


From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Sun Oct 23 15:38:59 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 11:38:59 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <580CD993.7090202@cfl.rr.com>

I run most of those programs without any problems. I even run old 
Instantrak under DosBox, and WISP32. This all runs on a 64-bit Laptop 
Windows 10 system. SatPC32 needs to have the correct coordinates put in. 
You have to make sure that the longitude and latitude are the correct 
polarity as well. On WISP32 I merely have to make sure they are 
west/east or north/south.

I would definitely check your system time and date as well as QTH 
settings. Insure the time displayed is correct based on your settings in 
regards to local or UTC. I find that all of my programs come within 
seconds are less of each other for tracking.

Reid. W4UPD


On 10/23/2016 10:55 AM, Joe wrote:
> I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year 
> absence.
> I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
> I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
> All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most 
> happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
>
> Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to, 
> But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm 
> just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
>
> I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
>
> Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a 
> Oscar Locator.
>
> Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! 
> Except for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing 
> several to see what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and 
> there always is a "BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
> The four I have installed are...
> SatLookDown1_28
> HRDSatTrack
> Orbitron
> SatPC32
>
> Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate 
> to less than a tenth of a second.
>
> Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let 
> them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their 
> data.
>
> The run them.
>
> The,
> SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the 
> second.
>
> But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
>
> And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
>
> Now the ones that agree also match the page
>
> http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
>
> So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
>
> Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct 
> passes?
>
> Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
> Just let me know,
>
> Joe WB9SBD


From pconver at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 16:15:47 2016
From: pconver at gmail.com (Pedro Converso)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 13:15:47 -0300
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <CANTZqKnW4aCqD1u69zaYiWY2XybkVPxwcC2UcrB_VCZT3ZuutQ@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Joe,

Nice you are back on chasing birds ! Hope you get along and enjoy.

Thanks! for your comments on http://amsat.org.ar/pass.htm.

This app keplerians are updated 4 times per day, so don't need to
update, it should take your location, local time and timezone by
itself, further new sats get automatically its way into the
application since launched.

Pass should also work on all sort of browsers and Op.Systems as well
as portable devices running android (smartphones, tablets, etc)
allowing to work birds on the field.

If using win, you can try the executable version at
http://amsat.org.ar/pass.exe that with driver
http://amsat.org.ar/wispdde.exe should handle rotor and Dopplers.

Pass is a cooperative effort where many users had contributed to keep
it simple and usable.

So, welcome to space, wishing good luck kicking the amazing tin birds
we have nowadays.

73, lu7abf, Pedro Converso

On Sun, Oct 23, 2016 at 11:55 AM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
> I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year
> absence.
> I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
> I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
> All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most happiness
> than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
>
> Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to, But
> This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm just about
> to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
>
> I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
>
> Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar
> Locator.
>
> Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except for
> me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see what I
> will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a "BUT" isn't
> there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
> The four I have installed are...
> SatLookDown1_28
> HRDSatTrack
> Orbitron
> SatPC32
>
> Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate to
> less than a tenth of a second.
>
> Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let them
> do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.
>
> The run them.
>
> The,
> SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the
> second.
>
> But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
>
> And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
>
> Now the ones that agree also match the page
>
> http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
>
> So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
>
> Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct passes?
>
> Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
> Just let me know,
>
> Joe WB9SBD
> --
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From nss at mwt.net  Sun Oct 23 16:17:49 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 11:17:49 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <580CD993.7090202@cfl.rr.com>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
	<580CD993.7090202@cfl.rr.com>
Message-ID: <ff4808ba-4802-aa5c-d908-a28c13495595@mwt.net>

See below for Comments,
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/23/2016 10:38 AM, w4upd wrote:
>  SatPC32 needs to have the correct coordinates put in. You have to 
> make sure that the longitude and latitude are the correct polarity as 
> well.
I think to the 4th decimal point should be accurate enough?
-90.0826 actual was -90.0825925
Same accuracy with Latitude.

As far as time goes, I use, a program called Net time. it runs in the 
background and is constantly monitoring the PC clock.
http://www.timesynctool.com/
It is set to Up-Date the PC clock if it is more than 0.1 seconds off.
Being Leary of internet lag, when i first installed the program I was 
constantly comparing it to WWV directly over the air, , and it was 
always spot on.
>
> I would definitely check your system time and date as well as QTH 
> settings. Insure the time displayed is correct based on your settings 
> in regards to local or UTC. I find that all of my programs come within 
> seconds are less of each other for tracking.
A second off would be an eternity for me.
I run WSPR with zero difficulties, and they say you must be less than a 
second off for that.

Plus think even if I was what 5 minutes off. wouldn't all 4 programs 
show the same error amount?

Joe WB9SBD
>
> Reid. W4UPD
>
>
> On 10/23/2016 10:55 AM, Joe wrote:
>> I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year 
>> absence.
>> I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
>> I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
>> All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most 
>> happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
>>
>> Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to, 
>> But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm 
>> just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
>>
>> I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
>>
>> Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a 
>> Oscar Locator.
>>
>> Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! 
>> Except for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing 
>> several to see what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and 
>> there always is a "BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
>> The four I have installed are...
>> SatLookDown1_28
>> HRDSatTrack
>> Orbitron
>> SatPC32
>>
>> Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is 
>> accurate to less than a tenth of a second.
>>
>> Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and 
>> let them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get 
>> their data.
>>
>> The run them.
>>
>> The,
>> SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the 
>> second.
>>
>> But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
>>
>> And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
>>
>> Now the ones that agree also match the page
>>
>> http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
>>
>> So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
>>
>> Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct 
>> passes?
>>
>> Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
>> Just let me know,
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>


From ai7rogerroger at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 16:13:12 2016
From: ai7rogerroger at gmail.com (Roger)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 09:13:12 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <580CD993.7090202@cfl.rr.com>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
	<580CD993.7090202@cfl.rr.com>
Message-ID: <CAEahN0+bdDukBauA-9wa4q5r81=nyB2g9VbCrP3mSijErwA9wg@mail.gmail.com>

I use InstantTrack for antenna control and Satpc32 for rig control. I
download the NASA.all tle into Satpc32 and then load the same file into
InstantTrack and haven't experienced any issues.

You might find it necessary to restart Satpc32 after you download the tle
file or make any other changes to the program.


73, Roger
W7TZ
CN83ia

On Sun, Oct 23, 2016 at 8:38 AM, w4upd <w4upd at cfl.rr.com> wrote:

> I run most of those programs without any problems. I even run old
> Instantrak under DosBox, and WISP32. This all runs on a 64-bit Laptop
> Windows 10 system. SatPC32 needs to have the correct coordinates put in.
> You have to make sure that the longitude and latitude are the correct
> polarity as well. On WISP32 I merely have to make sure they are west/east
> or north/south.
>
> I would definitely check your system time and date as well as QTH
> settings. Insure the time displayed is correct based on your settings in
> regards to local or UTC. I find that all of my programs come within seconds
> are less of each other for tracking.
>
> Reid. W4UPD
>
>
>
> On 10/23/2016 10:55 AM, Joe wrote:
>
>> I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year
>> absence.
>> I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
>> I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
>> All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most
>> happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
>>
>> Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to, But
>> This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm just
>> about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
>>
>> I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
>>
>> Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar
>> Locator.
>>
>> Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except
>> for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see
>> what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a "BUT"
>> isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
>> The four I have installed are...
>> SatLookDown1_28
>> HRDSatTrack
>> Orbitron
>> SatPC32
>>
>> Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate to
>> less than a tenth of a second.
>>
>> Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let
>> them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.
>>
>> The run them.
>>
>> The,
>> SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the
>> second.
>>
>> But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
>>
>> And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
>>
>> Now the ones that agree also match the page
>>
>> http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
>>
>> So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
>>
>> Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct
>> passes?
>>
>> Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
>> Just let me know,
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Sun Oct 23 16:27:37 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 12:27:37 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <ff4808ba-4802-aa5c-d908-a28c13495595@mwt.net>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
	<580CD993.7090202@cfl.rr.com>
	<ff4808ba-4802-aa5c-d908-a28c13495595@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <580CE4F9.4070402@cfl.rr.com>

You didn't show your latitude. It should be positive. For example I use 
-80.703 Longitude and 28.161 for Latitude for my location. Also, you 
should be able to confirm by the map showing your location with a "+" 
where it thinks you are at. Also, try Wisat32 to see if you have the 
same problems.

Don't know what else to tell except that SatPC works fine for me 
provided the QTH info, clock info and keps are correct. Maybe someone 
else on here with more knowledge than I on SatPC32 can help.

Reid, W4UPD


On 10/23/2016 12:17 PM, Joe wrote:
> See below for Comments,
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> On 10/23/2016 10:38 AM, w4upd wrote:
>>  SatPC32 needs to have the correct coordinates put in. You have to 
>> make sure that the longitude and latitude are the correct polarity as 
>> well.
> I think to the 4th decimal point should be accurate enough?
> -90.0826 actual was -90.0825925
> Same accuracy with Latitude.
>
> As far as time goes, I use, a program called Net time. it runs in the 
> background and is constantly monitoring the PC clock.
> http://www.timesynctool.com/
> It is set to Up-Date the PC clock if it is more than 0.1 seconds off.
> Being Leary of internet lag, when i first installed the program I was 
> constantly comparing it to WWV directly over the air, , and it was 
> always spot on.
>>
>> I would definitely check your system time and date as well as QTH 
>> settings. Insure the time displayed is correct based on your settings 
>> in regards to local or UTC. I find that all of my programs come 
>> within seconds are less of each other for tracking.
> A second off would be an eternity for me.
> I run WSPR with zero difficulties, and they say you must be less than 
> a second off for that.
>
> Plus think even if I was what 5 minutes off. wouldn't all 4 programs 
> show the same error amount?
>
> Joe WB9SBD
>>
>> Reid. W4UPD
>>
>>
>> On 10/23/2016 10:55 AM, Joe wrote:
>>> I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year 
>>> absence.
>>> I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
>>> I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
>>> All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most 
>>> happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
>>>
>>> Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me 
>>> to, But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the 
>>> point I'm just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
>>>
>>> I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
>>>
>>> Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a 
>>> Oscar Locator.
>>>
>>> Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! 
>>> Except for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing 
>>> several to see what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and 
>>> there always is a "BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
>>> The four I have installed are...
>>> SatLookDown1_28
>>> HRDSatTrack
>>> Orbitron
>>> SatPC32
>>>
>>> Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is 
>>> accurate to less than a tenth of a second.
>>>
>>> Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and 
>>> let them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get 
>>> their data.
>>>
>>> The run them.
>>>
>>> The,
>>> SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to 
>>> the second.
>>>
>>> But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
>>>
>>> And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
>>>
>>> Now the ones that agree also match the page
>>>
>>> http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
>>>
>>> So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
>>>
>>> Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct 
>>> passes?
>>>
>>> Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
>>> Just let me know,
>>>
>>> Joe WB9SBD
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>>
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>


From rolf.krogstad at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 16:30:21 2016
From: rolf.krogstad at gmail.com (Rolf Krogstad)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 11:30:21 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <CAJJyj=ZOQnecEBAfP3L8x_goFzbbDC4sEi8bka8HoQq=NCo75w@mail.gmail.com>

My apologies if this has been covered already.
Have you double-checked what you have designated as your home location?

QRZ.com shows this location info for you:
Latitude 43.610010 (43? 36' 36'' N)
Longitude -90.082150 (90? 4' 55'' W)
Grid Square EN43xo

I have never used Orbitron, but in SatPC32 this is how to set it:

Open SatPC32.  Towards the top center of the window, click on Setup, then
click on Observer.  A small pop-up window will appear with the title
"Observer Setup".
The second item from the top on the left side of the window is "Station
Grid Locator".
Click on the 2nd value down in the center of the window, to the right of
"Station Grid Locator".  Now enter your six character grid square in the
field on the right side of the windows.  Your Grid Square is EN43xo.  Then
click on the button [Locator>Degs], then click on [Store].   I am not sure,
but you may need to close and reopen SatPC32 for the change to take effect.

73,

Rolf   NR0T
Grid EN34it


On Sun, Oct 23, 2016 at 9:55 AM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:

> I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year
> absence.
> I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
> I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
> All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most happiness
> than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
>
> Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to, But
> This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm just
> about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
>
> I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
>
> Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar
> Locator.
>
> Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except
> for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see
> what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a "BUT"
> isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
> The four I have installed are...
> SatLookDown1_28
> HRDSatTrack
> Orbitron
> SatPC32
>
> Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate to
> less than a tenth of a second.
>
> Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let
> them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.
>
> The run them.
>
> The,
> SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the
> second.
>
> But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
>
> And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
>
> Now the ones that agree also match the page
>
> http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
>
> So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
>
> Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct
> passes?
>
> Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
> Just let me know,
>
> Joe WB9SBD
> --
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 16:40:32 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 11:40:32 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <000001d22d4c$2cb157f0$861407d0$@GMAIL.COM>

Joe,

SatPC32 normally works perfectly, and is used by the command stations for its accuracy and
reliability.

Something to check.  Click on Satellites, and see what the source file is.  nasabare.txt is a reliable
one.  Look down at the bottom, and see what the file date is.  It should be current within a day or
so.  You will need to do the update manually with the Update Keps button, for each source.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA






<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Joe
<Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 9:56 AM
<To: amsat-bb <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
<Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
<
<I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year
<absence.
<I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
<I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
<All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most
<happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
<
<Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to,
<But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm
<just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
<
<I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
<
<Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar
<Locator.
<
<Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except
<for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see
<what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a
<"BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
<The four I have installed are...
<SatLookDown1_28
<HRDSatTrack
<Orbitron
<SatPC32
<
<Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate
<to less than a tenth of a second.
<
<Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let
<them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.
<
<The run them.
<
<The,
<SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the
<second.
<
<But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
<
<And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
<
<Now the ones that agree also match the page
<
<http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
<
<So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
<
<Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct passes?
<
<Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
<Just let me know,
<
<Joe WB9SBD
<--
<Sig
<The Original Rolling Ball Clock
<Idle Tyme
<Idle-Tyme.com
<http://www.idle-tyme.com
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From bruninga at usna.edu  Sun Oct 23 16:54:37 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 12:54:37 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Solar Ham Radio Interference
In-Reply-To: <CALdCfNJ5jqHFg189Csrb7TXs=8EiGn1g84SA4EzSku3pAk4=9w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CALdCfNJ5jqHFg189Csrb7TXs=8EiGn1g84SA4EzSku3pAk4=9w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <0bcc3f7c9a6e4c117b8e933d93d991ee@mail.gmail.com>

Not Satellite related, but people often ask about any RFI from my solar
arrays at home.  Interest stems from an RFI issue in April QST and my letter
in Sept 2016 QST.

Well, FINALLY, the jury is in.  For the first time since installing solar, I
finally got all my full-sized dipoles up in the air again. And listened with
the arrays on and off.

Yes, I have inverter noise about 12 dB above the noise floor every 38 kHz on
80 meters,. But couldn't really find anything on 20 meters.  I did not do a
thorough search, but enough to finally say, "yes, there is some noise..."

I post this because my 16kw of arrays are conventional series string arrays
and much quieter than the  "optimizers" on every panel all over the roof
noted in the April QST article.  I always thought my string array was quiet,
but now I have some data noted above.  This could easily be fixed with some
clamp-on ferrites down in the basement on the wires going into the
inverters...

But for my rare HF operating, the solar AC disconnect switch is about 3 feet
from the kitchen door.  Easy enough to pull if I want HF silence.  I could
also install a 40 amp disconnect relay from a switch in the shack...  But
with my rare operating style, I'll probably do nothing.  Of course it is
perfectly quiet at night ;-)

It took me 6 years to get around to this test, so don't hold your breath
waiting for me to add some clamp-on filters to the inverter wires and see
what that does.

For those into solar, come join us on SolarDIY at yahoogroups.com
Bob, WB4APR

From nss at mwt.net  Sun Oct 23 16:58:04 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 11:58:04 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <CAJJyj=ZOQnecEBAfP3L8x_goFzbbDC4sEi8bka8HoQq=NCo75w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
	<CAJJyj=ZOQnecEBAfP3L8x_goFzbbDC4sEi8bka8HoQq=NCo75w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <4b3d7319-06ee-5e93-15ea-4a9fec05e542@mwt.net>

Yup
Qrz useds the middle of the square.
Here I am
https://goo.gl/maps/4XW2NDTGNkq
and
http://i63.tinypic.com/2vmfsk9.jpg
And on SatPC did all that, and in the demo you have to do it every time 
ya open it. so re-opening it won't help.

By the way gang! Thank You for trying to help!

My EME program was on of all thngs a Timex Sinclaire, and it worked 
perfectly he he he amazing isn't it?

Joe WB9SBD
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/23/2016 11:30 AM, Rolf Krogstad wrote:
> My apologies if this has been covered already.
> Have you double-checked what you have designated as your home location?
>
> QRZ.com shows this location info for you:
> Latitude 43.610010 (43? 36' 36'' N)
> Longitude -90.082150 (90? 4' 55'' W)
> Grid Square EN43xo
>
> I have never used Orbitron, but in SatPC32 this is how to set it:
>
> Open SatPC32.  Towards the top center of the window, click on Setup, then
> click on Observer.  A small pop-up window will appear with the title
> "Observer Setup".
> The second item from the top on the left side of the window is "Station
> Grid Locator".
> Click on the 2nd value down in the center of the window, to the right of
> "Station Grid Locator".  Now enter your six character grid square in the
> field on the right side of the windows.  Your Grid Square is EN43xo.  Then
> click on the button [Locator>Degs], then click on [Store].   I am not sure,
> but you may need to close and reopen SatPC32 for the change to take effect.
>
> 73,
>
> Rolf   NR0T
> Grid EN34it
>
>
> On Sun, Oct 23, 2016 at 9:55 AM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
>
>> I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year
>> absence.
>> I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
>> I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
>> All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most happiness
>> than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
>>
>> Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to, But
>> This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm just
>> about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
>>
>> I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
>>
>> Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar
>> Locator.
>>
>> Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except
>> for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see
>> what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a "BUT"
>> isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
>> The four I have installed are...
>> SatLookDown1_28
>> HRDSatTrack
>> Orbitron
>> SatPC32
>>
>> Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate to
>> less than a tenth of a second.
>>
>> Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let
>> them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.
>>
>> The run them.
>>
>> The,
>> SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the
>> second.
>>
>> But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
>>
>> And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
>>
>> Now the ones that agree also match the page
>>
>> http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
>>
>> So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
>>
>> Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct
>> passes?
>>
>> Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
>> Just let me know,
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>> --
>> Sig
>> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
>> Idle Tyme
>> Idle-Tyme.com
>> http://www.idle-tyme.com
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From wa6fwf at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 17:07:46 2016
From: wa6fwf at gmail.com (kevin schuchmann)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 10:07:46 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Solar Ham Radio Interference
In-Reply-To: <0bcc3f7c9a6e4c117b8e933d93d991ee@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CALdCfNJ5jqHFg189Csrb7TXs=8EiGn1g84SA4EzSku3pAk4=9w@mail.gmail.com>
	<0bcc3f7c9a6e4c117b8e933d93d991ee@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1cb99060-8cbb-504f-71f4-e0a50bbbaa1e@gmail.com>

Another one of the reasons I left my old QTH was all the homes around me 
had solar with many different styles and HF RFI during the day was awful 
but I had no switch to shut them up.

WA6FWF


On 10/23/2016 9:54 AM, Robert Bruninga wrote:
> Not Satellite related, but people often ask about any RFI from my solar
> arrays at home.  Interest stems from an RFI issue in April QST and my letter
> in Sept 2016 QST.
>
> Well, FINALLY, the jury is in.  For the first time since installing solar, I
> finally got all my full-sized dipoles up in the air again. And listened with
> the arrays on and off.
>
> Yes, I have inverter noise about 12 dB above the noise floor every 38 kHz on
> 80 meters,. But couldn't really find anything on 20 meters.  I did not do a
> thorough search, but enough to finally say, "yes, there is some noise..."
>
> I post this because my 16kw of arrays are conventional series string arrays
> and much quieter than the  "optimizers" on every panel all over the roof
> noted in the April QST article.  I always thought my string array was quiet,
> but now I have some data noted above.  This could easily be fixed with some
> clamp-on ferrites down in the basement on the wires going into the
> inverters...
>
> But for my rare HF operating, the solar AC disconnect switch is about 3 feet
> from the kitchen door.  Easy enough to pull if I want HF silence.  I could
> also install a 40 amp disconnect relay from a switch in the shack...  But
> with my rare operating style, I'll probably do nothing.  Of course it is
> perfectly quiet at night ;-)
>
> It took me 6 years to get around to this test, so don't hold your breath
> waiting for me to add some clamp-on filters to the inverter wires and see
> what that does.
>
> For those into solar, come join us on SolarDIY at yahoogroups.com
> Bob, WB4APR
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From mjohns166 at yahoo.com  Sun Oct 23 17:32:53 2016
From: mjohns166 at yahoo.com (Mark Johns)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 17:32:53 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 Doppler problem
In-Reply-To: <4ec7c70b-9456-df4b-46bb-2fb48af289b1@t-online.de>
References: <581023436.400529.1477168345220.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<581023436.400529.1477168345220@mail.yahoo.com>
	<4ec7c70b-9456-df4b-46bb-2fb48af289b1@t-online.de>
Message-ID: <1662600439.707108.1477243973389@mail.yahoo.com>

Thank you to all for your responses.

I've been out of town, so I haven't had the chance to check other satellites besides FO-29 (and AO-73, but that one is always shifting around due to issues with the satellite). I'm going to try more experimenting with Pedro's Doppler.SQF line and Erich's correction procedure. Yes, I've checked location and time, and they are all as they should be.

I do have a theory that something has become corrupt in the program files themselves, and I'm going to try a new download and clean installation of SatPC32 to see if that fixes things.
-- 

Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ 
Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
-----------------------------------------------
"Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit, 
   you would stay out and your dog would go in." 
     ---Mark Twain


----- Original Message -----
From: Erich Eichmann <erich.eichmann at t-online.de>
To: Mark Johns <mjohns at luther.edu>; Mark Johns <mjohns166 at yahoo.com>; AMSAT-BB at amsat.org
Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 5:00 AM
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 Doppler problem

Hello Mark,
try the following:
Track a FO-29 pass and find your signal using the "Upl. Corr." up/down 
controls in menu "CAT". Fine tune the uplink for best audio (best around 
the middle of the pass).  Then click the "Change/Store Data File" in  
menu "CAT" and in the little window that opens click on "Upl. 
Correction". That will save the correct uplink frequency. That is easier 
and more reliable than to enter observed frequencies manually in 
Doppler. SQF.

At the next program start you should immediately hear your signal. 
Little  deviations (100 ... 300 Hz) may remain due to temperature 
differences at the sat or the radio. You can easily correct them using 
the +/- keys of the numerical pad with a few hits in steps of 100 Hz. 
(The keys work only if SatPC32 must be the active program  - blue header 
line).

73s, Erich, DK1TB..




Am 22.10.2016 um 22:32 schrieb Mark Johns via AMSAT-BB:
> For some reason, my SatPC32 has stopped correctly compensating for Doppler shift on FO-29. I'm continually having to "find myself" all over the passband, making adjustments throughout the pass, just like the old days when everything was manual.
>  
> I've updated the Keps. I marked the uplink and downlink freqs at time of closest approach on a high-elevation pass, and re-edited my Doppler.SQF with those numbers.
>
> SatPC32 is talking to the rig, and it does make regular changes to both uplink and downlink frequencies -- they just happen not to be correct.
>
> I'm stumped! Any thoughts?--
>
> Mark D. Johns, K?MDJ
> Decorah, Iowa USA  EN43
> -----------------------------------------------
> "Heaven goes by favor; if it went by merit,
>     you would stay out and your dog would go in."
>       ---Mark Twain
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 17:50:06 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 12:50:06 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <4ab47da2-472e-90db-df3a-1f4e2e7b24d3@mwt.net>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
	<000001d22d4c$2cb157f0$861407d0$@GMAIL.COM>
	<4ab47da2-472e-90db-df3a-1f4e2e7b24d3@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <000201d22d55$e4278130$ac768390$@GMAIL.COM>

Joe,

Before you do anything, exactly which file is SatPC32 using? And what date is the file?  If you are
using amateur.txt, and the date is current, then you should be getting good agreement, though a few
satellites such as AO-85 will be missing.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA


<-----Original Message-----
<From: Joe [mailto:nss at mwt.net]
<Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 12:04 PM
<To: APBIDDLE at mailaps.org
<Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
<
<Hi Alan,
<Yes the Look down uses the nasabare. but the orbitron and satpc are getting all their stuff from
<celestrack how does one tell it to go to nasabare?
<
<Joe
<
<
<The Original Rolling Ball Clock
<Idle Tyme
<Idle-Tyme.com
<http://www.idle-tyme.com
<
<On 10/23/2016 11:40 AM, Alan wrote:
<
<
<	Joe,
<
<	SatPC32 normally works perfectly, and is used by the command stations for its accuracy and
<	reliability.
<
<	Something to check.  Click on Satellites, and see what the source file is.  nasabare.txt is a
reliable
<	one.  Look down at the bottom, and see what the file date is.  It should be current within a
day or
<	so.  You will need to do the update manually with the Update Keps button, for each source.
<
<	73s,
<
<	Alan
<	WA4SCA
<
<
<
<
<
<
<	<-----Original Message-----
<	<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Joe
<	<Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 9:56 AM
<	<To: amsat-bb <amsat-bb at amsat.org> <mailto:amsat-bb at amsat.org>
<	<Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
<	<
<	<I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year
<	<absence.
<	<I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
<	<I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
<	<All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most
<	<happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
<	<
<	<Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to,
<	<But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm
<	<just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
<	<
<	<I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
<	<
<	<Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar
<	<Locator.
<	<
<	<Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except
<	<for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see
<	<what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a
<	<"BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
<	<The four I have installed are...
<	<SatLookDown1_28
<	<HRDSatTrack
<	<Orbitron
<	<SatPC32
<	<
<	<Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate
<	<to less than a tenth of a second.
<	<
<	<Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let
<	<them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.
<	<
<	<The run them.
<	<
<	<The,
<	<SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the
<	<second.
<	<
<	<But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
<	<
<	<And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
<	<
<	<Now the ones that agree also match the page
<	<
<	<http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
<	<
<	<So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
<	<
<	<Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct passes?
<	<
<	<Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
<	<Just let me know,
<	<
<	<Joe WB9SBD
<	<--
<	<Sig
<	<The Original Rolling Ball Clock
<	<Idle Tyme
<	<Idle-Tyme.com
<	<http://www.idle-tyme.com
<	<_______________________________________________
<	<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org> . AMSAT-NA makes this
<open forum available
<	<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<	<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<	<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<	<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
<
<
<	_______________________________________________
<	Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org> . AMSAT-NA makes this
<open forum available
<	to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<	are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<	Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<	Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
<
<
<
<




From nss at mwt.net  Sun Oct 23 17:56:49 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 12:56:49 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <000201d22d55$e4278130$ac768390$@GMAIL.COM>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>
	<000001d22d4c$2cb157f0$861407d0$@GMAIL.COM>
	<4ab47da2-472e-90db-df3a-1f4e2e7b24d3@mwt.net>
	<000201d22d55$e4278130$ac768390$@GMAIL.COM>
Message-ID: <285b862e-214a-cfee-c58c-31941b9e1959@mwt.net>

Yes amateur.txt
date 10/23/2016  8:29

Joe WB9SBD
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/23/2016 12:50 PM, Alan wrote:
> Joe,
>
> Before you do anything, exactly which file is SatPC32 using? And what date is the file?  If you are
> using amateur.txt, and the date is current, then you should be getting good agreement, though a few
> satellites such as AO-85 will be missing.
>
> 73s,
>
> Alan
> WA4SCA
>
>
> <-----Original Message-----
> <From: Joe [mailto:nss at mwt.net]
> <Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 12:04 PM
> <To: APBIDDLE at mailaps.org
> <Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
> <
> <Hi Alan,
> <Yes the Look down uses the nasabare. but the orbitron and satpc are getting all their stuff from
> <celestrack how does one tell it to go to nasabare?
> <
> <Joe
> <
> <
> <The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> <Idle Tyme
> <Idle-Tyme.com
> <http://www.idle-tyme.com
> <
> <On 10/23/2016 11:40 AM, Alan wrote:
> <
> <
> <	Joe,
> <
> <	SatPC32 normally works perfectly, and is used by the command stations for its accuracy and
> <	reliability.
> <
> <	Something to check.  Click on Satellites, and see what the source file is.  nasabare.txt is a
> reliable
> <	one.  Look down at the bottom, and see what the file date is.  It should be current within a
> day or
> <	so.  You will need to do the update manually with the Update Keps button, for each source.
> <
> <	73s,
> <
> <	Alan
> <	WA4SCA
> <
> <
> <
> <
> <
> <
> <	<-----Original Message-----
> <	<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Joe
> <	<Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 9:56 AM
> <	<To: amsat-bb <amsat-bb at amsat.org> <mailto:amsat-bb at amsat.org>
> <	<Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
> <	<
> <	<I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year
> <	<absence.
> <	<I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
> <	<I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
> <	<All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most
> <	<happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
> <	<
> <	<Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to,
> <	<But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm
> <	<just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
> <	<
> <	<I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
> <	<
> <	<Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar
> <	<Locator.
> <	<
> <	<Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except
> <	<for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see
> <	<what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a
> <	<"BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
> <	<The four I have installed are...
> <	<SatLookDown1_28
> <	<HRDSatTrack
> <	<Orbitron
> <	<SatPC32
> <	<
> <	<Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate
> <	<to less than a tenth of a second.
> <	<
> <	<Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let
> <	<them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.
> <	<
> <	<The run them.
> <	<
> <	<The,
> <	<SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the
> <	<second.
> <	<
> <	<But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
> <	<
> <	<And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
> <	<
> <	<Now the ones that agree also match the page
> <	<
> <	<http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
> <	<
> <	<So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
> <	<
> <	<Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct passes?
> <	<
> <	<Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
> <	<Just let me know,
> <	<
> <	<Joe WB9SBD
> <	<--
> <	<Sig
> <	<The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> <	<Idle Tyme
> <	<Idle-Tyme.com
> <	<http://www.idle-tyme.com
> <	<_______________________________________________
> <	<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org> . AMSAT-NA makes this
> <open forum available
> <	<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <	<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <	<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <	<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> <
> <
> <	_______________________________________________
> <	Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org> . AMSAT-NA makes this
> <open forum available
> <	to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> <	are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> <	Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> <	Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> <
> <
> <
> <
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>


From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 18:21:04 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 13:21:04 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <285b862e-214a-cfee-c58c-31941b9e1959@mwt.net>
References: <bccf5e53-c170-6e2c-9a8f-3ebacce8db8b@mwt.net>	<000001d22d4c$2cb157f0$861407d0$@GMAIL.COM>	<4ab47da2-472e-90db-df3a-1f4e2e7b24d3@mwt.net>	<000201d22d55$e4278130$ac768390$@GMAIL.COM>
	<285b862e-214a-cfee-c58c-31941b9e1959@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <000001d22d5a$37788ec0$a669ac40$@GMAIL.COM>

Joe,

Those are good Keps, so there is no need at this point to change them until you solve your other
issues.

Which satellites have you compared?  Stay away from the ISS for now, since its orbit is periodically
boosted, and some of the Keps take some time to catch up with it.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA




<-----Original Message-----
<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Joe
<Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 12:57 PM
<To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
<Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
<
<Yes amateur.txt
<date 10/23/2016  8:29
<
<Joe WB9SBD
<Sig
<The Original Rolling Ball Clock
<Idle Tyme
<Idle-Tyme.com
<http://www.idle-tyme.com
<On 10/23/2016 12:50 PM, Alan wrote:
<> Joe,
<>
<> Before you do anything, exactly which file is SatPC32 using? And what date is the file?  If you are
<> using amateur.txt, and the date is current, then you should be getting good agreement, though a few
<> satellites such as AO-85 will be missing.
<>
<> 73s,
<>
<> Alan
<> WA4SCA
<>
<>
<> <-----Original Message-----
<> <From: Joe [mailto:nss at mwt.net]
<> <Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 12:04 PM
<> <To: APBIDDLE at mailaps.org
<> <Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
<> <
<> <Hi Alan,
<> <Yes the Look down uses the nasabare. but the orbitron and satpc are getting all their stuff from
<> <celestrack how does one tell it to go to nasabare?
<> <
<> <Joe
<> <
<> <
<> <The Original Rolling Ball Clock
<> <Idle Tyme
<> <Idle-Tyme.com
<> <http://www.idle-tyme.com
<> <
<> <On 10/23/2016 11:40 AM, Alan wrote:
<> <
<> <
<> <	Joe,
<> <
<> <	SatPC32 normally works perfectly, and is used by the command stations for its accuracy and
<> <	reliability.
<> <
<> <	Something to check.  Click on Satellites, and see what the source file is.  nasabare.txt is a
<> reliable
<> <	one.  Look down at the bottom, and see what the file date is.  It should be current within a
<> day or
<> <	so.  You will need to do the update manually with the Update Keps button, for each source.
<> <
<> <	73s,
<> <
<> <	Alan
<> <	WA4SCA
<> <
<> <
<> <
<> <
<> <
<> <
<> <	<-----Original Message-----
<> <	<From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Joe
<> <	<Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 9:56 AM
<> <	<To: amsat-bb <amsat-bb at amsat.org> <mailto:amsat-bb at amsat.org>
<> <	<Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
<> <	<
<> <	<I am really excited about getting back on the Birds after a 40+ year
<> <	<absence.
<> <	<I've done EME, MS, AU, and all sorts of weak signal stuff on 144Mhz.
<> <	<I've played the DX and contesting on HF.
<> <	<All has been fun, but none except for the EME has given the most
<> <	<happiness than the memories of playing with the birds in the late 70's
<> <	<
<> <	<Now let me know, I can take this off list if members here want me to,
<> <	<But This excitement is quickly turning into disgust. To the point I'm
<> <	<just about to say screw it and forget about Sat work again.
<> <	<
<> <	<I am in the need of help with prediction programs.
<> <	<
<> <	<Man in the late 70's it was the ARRL bulletin with keps etc. and a Oscar
<> <	<Locator.
<> <	<
<> <	<Now we got ultra cool software programs that all are incredible! Except
<> <	<for me, I can not trust ANY of them.  I have been testing several to see
<> <	<what I will make my primary program. BUT...... and there always is a
<> <	<"BUT" isn't there? I can not say what one to "Trust"
<> <	<The four I have installed are...
<> <	<SatLookDown1_28
<> <	<HRDSatTrack
<> <	<Orbitron
<> <	<SatPC32
<> <	<
<> <	<Now of course they all use the same computer clock. And it is accurate
<> <	<to less than a tenth of a second.
<> <	<
<> <	<Each one periodically ask to Up-Date the TLE's and I say "YES" and let
<> <	<them do it all on their own. I change NOTHING on where they get their data.
<> <	<
<> <	<The run them.
<> <	<
<> <	<The,
<> <	<SatLookDown1_28 & HRDSatTrack, both agree very closely. Almost to the
<> <	<second.
<> <	<
<> <	<But the Orbitron, is off, WAY off. like 15 minutes off.
<> <	<
<> <	<And the SatPC32 is even worse the sat is like 1/2 an orbit off!
<> <	<
<> <	<Now the ones that agree also match the page
<> <	<
<> <	<http://www.amsat.org.ar/pass.htm#
<> <	<
<> <	<So my guess they are the ones showing correct data.
<> <	<
<> <	<Now what to do about the other two. How can I make them show correct passes?
<> <	<
<> <	<Remember I can take this off list if no one wants to read about this...
<> <	<Just let me know,
<> <	<
<> <	<Joe WB9SBD
<> <	<--
<> <	<Sig
<> <	<The Original Rolling Ball Clock
<> <	<Idle Tyme
<> <	<Idle-Tyme.com
<> <	<http://www.idle-tyme.com
<> <	<_______________________________________________
<> <	<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org> . AMSAT-NA makes this
<> <open forum available
<> <	<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<> <	<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<> <	<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<> <	<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
<> <
<> <
<> <	_______________________________________________
<> <	Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org <mailto:AMSAT-BB at amsat.org> . AMSAT-NA makes this
<> <open forum available
<> <	to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<> <	are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<> <	Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<> <	Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
<> <
<> <
<> <
<> <
<>
<>
<>
<> _______________________________________________
<> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
<>
<>
<>
<
<_______________________________________________
<Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
<to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
<are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
<Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
<Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From tjschuessler at verizon.net  Sun Oct 23 18:36:36 2016
From: tjschuessler at verizon.net (Tom schuessler)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 13:36:36 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
Message-ID: <01A44244-B1EC-4775-A8AC-11672BE014EE@verizon.net>

Another point to mention in SatPC32 is to set up is to make sure that you have the correct time offset. In the settings observer dialogue you either need to manually set your offset or use the "auto" setting to properly track DST/non-DST time. Else manually set it to minus whatever your offset is for non-DST and one hour or less for DST. The "Half an orbit off" issue probably is as much related to this setting as anything.  I normally set the offset manually then have to remember the next time I open after the DES P change to fix it again.

Tom N5HYP

From nss at mwt.net  Sun Oct 23 18:47:55 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 13:47:55 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <01A44244-B1EC-4775-A8AC-11672BE014EE@verizon.net>
References: <01A44244-B1EC-4775-A8AC-11672BE014EE@verizon.net>
Message-ID: <624c71c0-a0c6-3b98-160a-e5e4fd2347ab@mwt.net>

YEA!

OK, Here we go I got all of them to say the same thing.

OK The original two still agree, and agree with that web page.

SatPC32 it took the offset from Auto to manually entering for me now -5, 
and Boom it too matches now.

Orbitron, Not sure whats still happening there. But if I tell it to load 
TLE's and choose the one from say the Sat look down set, and use that, 
it then asks to load new ones even tho that one is lie just now 
refreshed. if I say yes, bad out put.  But if i choose to lead the sat 
look down one from nasabare, and say NO when orbitron wants to update, 
then it also matches!

Like crazy huh?

And again EVERYONG! THANKS!!!

Awesome group of people here!

Joe WB9SBD
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/23/2016 1:36 PM, Tom schuessler wrote:
> Another point to mention in SatPC32 is to set up is to make sure that you have the correct time offset. In the settings observer dialogue you either need to manually set your offset or use the "auto" setting to properly track DST/non-DST time. Else manually set it to minus whatever your offset is for non-DST and one hour or less for DST. The "Half an orbit off" issue probably is as much related to this setting as anything.  I normally set the offset manually then have to remember the next time I open after the DES P change to fix it again.
>
> Tom N5HYP
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>


From pa3weg at amsat.org  Sun Oct 23 19:07:22 2016
From: pa3weg at amsat.org (wouter weggelaar)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 21:07:22 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] FUNcube-1 (AO-73) mode change
Message-ID: <CAKXf1rFfDWeReaenyG7mY77hgVro3=LyFDU39nnZpcswt4P25w@mail.gmail.com>

Hi All,

Just to report that FUNcube-1, AO-73, is now back in autonomous
operation. The transponder will be active when the spacecraft is in
eclipse during the week.

73

Wouter
PA3WEG

From hfcomnet at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 19:02:57 2016
From: hfcomnet at gmail.com (Glenn Pritchard)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 13:02:57 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32
Message-ID: <CABS66GmdtnQmstktedzvKvPACjky5yDHkK7kjOaoiGKs-LUwdg@mail.gmail.com>

Hello gang,

What I find really odd is that I am picking up some telemetry on FO-29's
downlink when I know that bird has passed and not even in view.
Each time though I don't have my decode software online and miss what it
is.. If anyone has any thoughts about this send it along. As for SatPC32 I
haven't seen it being off as much as half an orbit unless the keps aren't
up to date. I run that along with Orbitron and have found no issues.

I will be portable with one of my 821's and my antennas, will advise where
I am and where I will be when portable in southern Alberta.

Glenn, VE6ND

From jay.aa4fl at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 19:20:03 2016
From: jay.aa4fl at gmail.com (Jay Garlitz)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 15:20:03 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Grid FL41 Turks and Caicos
Message-ID: <CAPLjiQLRYm9vp75Crkb6H8n=Ro_zGdsBeN_j1nXoc7QNSH_vWA@mail.gmail.com>

I will be on SO50 and FO29 for 4 more days.  Do not miss the chance for a
new grid or DXCC country if you need me.  Will be on AO7B as time allows.

Check out more on my QRZ and Facebook pages

73, Jay.  VP5/AA4FL



-- 
Dr. Jay H. Garlitz, AA4FL

-President/CEO Connected World Internet Ventures, In.
-President-Elect, Medical Amateur Radio Council, *www.marco-ltd.org
<http://www.marco-ltd.org>*
-Courtesy Clinical Assoc. Professor, UF Dentistry, Dpt. Community Dentistry
-FCC Trustee, W4DFU at Univ. of Florida, since 2005, www.gatorradio.org.
 The Club Station of the Gator Amateur Radio Club, at UF since 1934
-member 2013 T33A Banaba Island Dxpedition, Central Pacific, www.t33a.com
-other past personal calls 3D2FL (Fiji), T30FL (Tarawa), T33FL (Banaba),

From hfcomnet at gmail.com  Sun Oct 23 21:14:00 2016
From: hfcomnet at gmail.com (Glenn Pritchard)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 15:14:00 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32
In-Reply-To: <CAKu8kHDJ=QPzvBX-zAk4hgNg+NgiFwCH=FqwzX6dc5Lpw9bJZg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CABS66GmdtnQmstktedzvKvPACjky5yDHkK7kjOaoiGKs-LUwdg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAKu8kHDJ=QPzvBX-zAk4hgNg+NgiFwCH=FqwzX6dc5Lpw9bJZg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CABS66Gkip+r3HOzKoq_JPK0q3=HT2=W0UJgz4X6HEMS=n4ErgA@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Stefan

I would like to know what it was on the 29 downlink;), however it was
"something" on that downlink frequency. What it was I have no idea but it
was a couple of times that I picked this up and it wasn't terrestrial.
I heard it also when mobile with my 857 and a RHCP antenna.

Glenn, VE6ND

On Sun, Oct 23, 2016 at 1:27 PM, Stefan Wagener <wageners at gmail.com> wrote:

> Hi Glenn,
>
> If you pick up FO-29 downlink telemetry then the bird is up and your
> assessment it shouldn't does not make sense.......OR
> If you pick up something that you think is FO-29 (but in reality is not,
> than it is NOT FO-29) and you are correct it is not up. it is one or the
> other :-)
>
> 73, Stefan, VE4NSA
>
>
> On Sun, Oct 23, 2016 at 9:02 PM, Glenn Pritchard <hfcomnet at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
>> Hello gang,
>>
>> What I find really odd is that I am picking up some telemetry on FO-29's
>> downlink when I know that bird has passed and not even in view.
>> Each time though I don't have my decode software online and miss what it
>> is.. If anyone has any thoughts about this send it along. As for SatPC32 I
>> haven't seen it being off as much as half an orbit unless the keps aren't
>> up to date. I run that along with Orbitron and have found no issues.
>>
>> I will be portable with one of my 821's and my antennas, will advise where
>> I am and where I will be when portable in southern Alberta.
>>
>> Glenn, VE6ND
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>
>

From dave at w0dhb.net  Sun Oct 23 22:20:50 2016
From: dave at w0dhb.net (David W0DHB)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 16:20:50 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32
In-Reply-To: <CABS66Gkip+r3HOzKoq_JPK0q3=HT2=W0UJgz4X6HEMS=n4ErgA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CABS66GmdtnQmstktedzvKvPACjky5yDHkK7kjOaoiGKs-LUwdg@mail.gmail.com>	<CAKu8kHDJ=QPzvBX-zAk4hgNg+NgiFwCH=FqwzX6dc5Lpw9bJZg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CABS66Gkip+r3HOzKoq_JPK0q3=HT2=W0UJgz4X6HEMS=n4ErgA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <004601d22d7b$b64a0fa0$22de2ee0$@w0dhb.net>

I have also observed a digital signal that appears to be 9600 baud packet in
the FO-29 downlink transponder bandpass.
It does continue after FO-29 has gone below the horizon.

I haven't been able to determine another satellite it could be coming from.

Dave W0DHB

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Glenn
Pritchard
Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 15:14
To: Stefan Wagener <wageners at gmail.com>; amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] SatPC32

Hi Stefan

I would like to know what it was on the 29 downlink;), however it was
"something" on that downlink frequency. What it was I have no idea but it
was a couple of times that I picked this up and it wasn't terrestrial.
I heard it also when mobile with my 857 and a RHCP antenna.

Glenn, VE6ND

On Sun, Oct 23, 2016 at 1:27 PM, Stefan Wagener <wageners at gmail.com> wrote:

> Hi Glenn,
>
> If you pick up FO-29 downlink telemetry then the bird is up and your 
> assessment it shouldn't does not make sense.......OR If you pick up 
> something that you think is FO-29 (but in reality is not, than it is 
> NOT FO-29) and you are correct it is not up. it is one or the other 
> :-)
>
> 73, Stefan, VE4NSA
>
>
> On Sun, Oct 23, 2016 at 9:02 PM, Glenn Pritchard <hfcomnet at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
>> Hello gang,
>>
>> What I find really odd is that I am picking up some telemetry on 
>> FO-29's downlink when I know that bird has passed and not even in view.
>> Each time though I don't have my decode software online and miss what 
>> it is.. If anyone has any thoughts about this send it along. As for 
>> SatPC32 I haven't seen it being off as much as half an orbit unless 
>> the keps aren't up to date. I run that along with Orbitron and have found
no issues.
>>
>> I will be portable with one of my 821's and my antennas, will advise 
>> where I am and where I will be when portable in southern Alberta.
>>
>> Glenn, VE6ND
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>
>
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to all
interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From k7trkradio at charter.net  Sun Oct 23 23:29:37 2016
From: k7trkradio at charter.net (Ted)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 16:29:37 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] LilacSat-2 is ON!!!!!
In-Reply-To: <1030033564.1183600.1466856903499.JavaMail.yahoo@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <1030033564.1183600.1466856903499.JavaMail.yahoo.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<1030033564.1183600.1466856903499.JavaMail.yahoo@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <003001d22d85$526ad8c0$f7408a40$@charter.net>

Hi Perry, any update on its current status?

Thanks, Ted
K7TRK

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Perry Yantis
Sent: Saturday, June 25, 2016 5:15 AM
To: Amsat BB
Subject: [amsat-bb] LilacSat-2 is ON!!!!!

LilacSat-2 is on today!!!!!! Perry WB8OTH

py41 at att.net
sent from my Apple Macbook Pro
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From mikesprenger at gmail.com  Mon Oct 24 01:05:04 2016
From: mikesprenger at gmail.com (Mike Sprenger)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 21:05:04 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <624c71c0-a0c6-3b98-160a-e5e4fd2347ab@mwt.net>
References: <01A44244-B1EC-4775-A8AC-11672BE014EE@verizon.net>
	<624c71c0-a0c6-3b98-160a-e5e4fd2347ab@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <F9D42EFC-CADB-41B4-94F0-CC1213415E8E@gmail.com>

Joe,

We want you on the sats with us enjoying radio stuff !

Glad you found success with the software.

Thanks,
Mike
W4UOO

> On Oct 23, 2016, at 2:47 PM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
> 
> YEA!
> 
> OK, Here we go I got all of them to say the same thing.
> 
> OK The original two still agree, and agree with that web page.
> 
> SatPC32 it took the offset from Auto to manually entering for me now -5, and Boom it too matches now.
> 
> Orbitron, Not sure whats still happening there. But if I tell it to load TLE's and choose the one from say the Sat look down set, and use that, it then asks to load new ones even tho that one is lie just now refreshed. if I say yes, bad out put.  But if i choose to lead the sat look down one from nasabare, and say NO when orbitron wants to update, then it also matches!
> 
> Like crazy huh?
> 
> And again EVERYONG! THANKS!!!
> 
> Awesome group of people here!
> 
> Joe WB9SBD
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
>> On 10/23/2016 1:36 PM, Tom schuessler wrote:
>> Another point to mention in SatPC32 is to set up is to make sure that you have the correct time offset. In the settings observer dialogue you either need to manually set your offset or use the "auto" setting to properly track DST/non-DST time. Else manually set it to minus whatever your offset is for non-DST and one hour or less for DST. The "Half an orbit off" issue probably is as much related to this setting as anything.  I normally set the offset manually then have to remember the next time I open after the DES P change to fix it again.
>> 
>> Tom N5HYP
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From seb at wintek.com  Mon Oct 24 02:22:42 2016
From: seb at wintek.com (Stephen  E. Belter)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 02:22:42 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] LilacSat-2 is ON!!!!!
In-Reply-To: <003001d22d85$526ad8c0$f7408a40$@charter.net>
References: <1030033564.1183600.1466856903499.JavaMail.yahoo.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
	<1030033564.1183600.1466856903499.JavaMail.yahoo@mail.yahoo.com>
	<003001d22d85$526ad8c0$f7408a40$@charter.net>
Message-ID: <D432E7D5.77A8B%seb@wintek.com>

Ted,

I use this website to get up-to-the-minute reports on satellite status,
including LilacSat-2 and AO-7 (mode A or B):
amsat.org/status

Is there some reason it doesn?t work for you?

73, Steve N9IP
--
Steve Belter, seb at wintek.com



On 10/23/16, 7:29 PM, "AMSAT-BB on behalf of Ted"
<amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org on behalf of k7trkradio at charter.net> wrote:

>Hi Perry, any update on its current status?
>
>Thanks, Ted
>K7TRK
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Perry
>Yantis
>Sent: Saturday, June 25, 2016 5:15 AM
>To: Amsat BB
>Subject: [amsat-bb] LilacSat-2 is ON!!!!!
>
>LilacSat-2 is on today!!!!!! Perry WB8OTH
>
>py41 at att.net
>sent from my Apple Macbook Pro
>_______________________________________________
>Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to
>all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
>expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
>views of AMSAT-NA.
>Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>_______________________________________________
>Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>Opinions expressed
>are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>AMSAT-NA.
>Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From k7trkradio at charter.net  Mon Oct 24 01:43:21 2016
From: k7trkradio at charter.net (Ted)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 18:43:21 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] LilacSat-2 is ON!!!!!
In-Reply-To: <D432E7D5.77A8B%seb@wintek.com>
References: <1030033564.1183600.1466856903499.JavaMail.yahoo.ref@mail.yahoo.com>	<1030033564.1183600.1466856903499.JavaMail.yahoo@mail.yahoo.com>	<003001d22d85$526ad8c0$f7408a40$@charter.net>
	<D432E7D5.77A8B%seb@wintek.com>
Message-ID: <000001d22d98$02cf61b0$086e2510$@charter.net>

Steve,

Was there a link you meant to attach?   I don't see it

If it was the 'Oscar site' that where people report on their activity, I am familiar with that but it is only as good as the input.

So, I chose to ask Perry direct based on his post from June. I find that info on this board is more timely and accurate.

Is there some reason that doesn?t work for you?

73, Ted
K7TRK

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Stephen E. Belter
Sent: Sunday, October 23, 2016 7:23 PM
To: Ted; 'Perry Yantis'; 'Amsat BB'
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] LilacSat-2 is ON!!!!!

Ted,

I use this website to get up-to-the-minute reports on satellite status, including LilacSat-2 and AO-7 (mode A or B):
amsat.org/status

Is there some reason it doesn?t work for you?

73, Steve N9IP
--
Steve Belter, seb at wintek.com



On 10/23/16, 7:29 PM, "AMSAT-BB on behalf of Ted"
<amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org on behalf of k7trkradio at charter.net> wrote:

>Hi Perry, any update on its current status?
>
>Thanks, Ted
>K7TRK
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Perry 
>Yantis
>Sent: Saturday, June 25, 2016 5:15 AM
>To: Amsat BB
>Subject: [amsat-bb] LilacSat-2 is ON!!!!!
>
>LilacSat-2 is on today!!!!!! Perry WB8OTH
>
>py41 at att.net
>sent from my Apple Macbook Pro
>_______________________________________________
>Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>Opinions expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect 
>the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>_______________________________________________
>Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>Opinions expressed
>are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
>of AMSAT-NA.
>Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From k6fw1 at verizon.net  Mon Oct 24 03:02:28 2016
From: k6fw1 at verizon.net (Frank Westphal)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 20:02:28 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] SATPC32 Error Code 1925
Message-ID: <c474312b-ab91-5de2-8db9-e290a7870304@verizon.net>

On two of my windows 7 computers I have not been able to install SatPC32 
because I get the error message that I do not have administrator 
privileges.  I only have one account on these machines and it is an 
administrator account.  On other machines I do not get this error 
message.  Do you know what causes this error and how to work around it?  
I have been told to right click on the setup.exe file an run as an 
administrator, but that option does not appear on my computer. Using 
latest version of SATPC32.

Thanks,

Frank
K6FW

From nss at mwt.net  Mon Oct 24 03:56:25 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2016 22:56:25 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Software Problems
In-Reply-To: <F9D42EFC-CADB-41B4-94F0-CC1213415E8E@gmail.com>
References: <01A44244-B1EC-4775-A8AC-11672BE014EE@verizon.net>
	<624c71c0-a0c6-3b98-160a-e5e4fd2347ab@mwt.net>
	<F9D42EFC-CADB-41B4-94F0-CC1213415E8E@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <15a42a1f-7839-77e6-c45b-d5bf21c9d0bb@mwt.net>

Well it was only temporary.

It's back to two programs and web agree, the other two are way off.

I'm not gonna fight on them for now. Worry about them after AO-7 goes 
back to non Mode "A" modes 90% of the time.

BUT I do want to ask anyone, that is Oscar-7 mode "A" capable, I'd like 
to try some schedules with anyone while we still have predictability on 
when it will be in Mode "A"

This predictability will be going away soon. In a little over a month or 
so? 12/07/2016?

I'm looking for anyone, that can do Mode "A" CW.

Drop me a note.

Joe WB9SBD
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/23/2016 8:05 PM, Mike Sprenger wrote:
> Joe,
>
> We want you on the sats with us enjoying radio stuff !
>
> Glad you found success with the software.
>
> Thanks,
> Mike
> W4UOO
>
>> On Oct 23, 2016, at 2:47 PM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
>>
>> YEA!
>>
>> OK, Here we go I got all of them to say the same thing.
>>
>> OK The original two still agree, and agree with that web page.
>>
>> SatPC32 it took the offset from Auto to manually entering for me now -5, and Boom it too matches now.
>>
>> Orbitron, Not sure whats still happening there. But if I tell it to load TLE's and choose the one from say the Sat look down set, and use that, it then asks to load new ones even tho that one is lie just now refreshed. if I say yes, bad out put.  But if i choose to lead the sat look down one from nasabare, and say NO when orbitron wants to update, then it also matches!
>>
>> Like crazy huh?
>>
>> And again EVERYONG! THANKS!!!
>>
>> Awesome group of people here!
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>> Sig
>> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
>> Idle Tyme
>> Idle-Tyme.com
>> http://www.idle-tyme.com
>>> On 10/23/2016 1:36 PM, Tom schuessler wrote:
>>> Another point to mention in SatPC32 is to set up is to make sure that you have the correct time offset. In the settings observer dialogue you either need to manually set your offset or use the "auto" setting to properly track DST/non-DST time. Else manually set it to minus whatever your offset is for non-DST and one hour or less for DST. The "Half an orbit off" issue probably is as much related to this setting as anything.  I normally set the offset manually then have to remember the next time I open after the DES P change to fix it again.
>>>
>>> Tom N5HYP
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>


From quadpugh at bellsouth.net  Mon Oct 24 06:38:33 2016
From: quadpugh at bellsouth.net (Nick Pugh)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 01:38:33 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
Message-ID: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>

Hello AMSAT-ers

The University of Louisiana has a slot on a  ULA mission to GTO launch to
GTO for a 1u. WE are asking the community what payload should we fly, how to
mitigate the radiation and who wants to help the students?

 

http://www.ulalaunch.com/ula-announces-2016-cubesat-stem-winners.aspx?title=
United+Launch+Alliance+Announces+CubeSat+STEM+Education+Program+Winners
<http://www.ulalaunch.com/ula-announces-2016-cubesat-stem-winners.aspx?title
=United+Launch+Alliance+Announces+CubeSat+STEM+Education+Program+Winners&Cat
egory=News> &Category=News

 

 

 73's and see you on the baot

nick k5qxj

 


From dan at post.com  Mon Oct 24 12:46:23 2016
From: dan at post.com (Daniel Cussen)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 13:46:23 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] SATPC32 Error Code 1925
In-Reply-To: <c474312b-ab91-5de2-8db9-e290a7870304@verizon.net>
References: <c474312b-ab91-5de2-8db9-e290a7870304@verizon.net>
Message-ID: <CAF3DnKhRVNcBz_1_AniXCMsmS4SAm+juCyJh80EyJkk76Ejr3Q@mail.gmail.com>

to run the setup program under Windows 7  right click on the file name
"Setup". In the list that opens choose the option "Run as administrator".

You need to find the file itself using windows explorer. It will be in
a folder called SATPC32 normally under program files. If you do not
have the option then when right clicking, try holding the shift key
while right clicking.

Another option is to right click and change the properties and under
privileges/compatibility or similar try choose run as administrator.

E.g.:
Navigate to the program folder of the program you want to run. ...
Right-click the program icon (the .exe file).
Choose Properties.
On the Compatibility tab, select the Run This Program As An
Administrator option.
Click OK.
If you see a User Account Control prompt, accept it.


On 24/10/2016, Frank Westphal <k6fw1 at verizon.net> wrote:
> On two of my windows 7 computers I have not been able to install SatPC32
> because I get the error message that I do not have administrator
> privileges.  I only have one account on these machines and it is an
> administrator account.  On other machines I do not get this error
> message.  Do you know what causes this error and how to work around it?
> I have been told to right click on the setup.exe file an run as an
> administrator, but that option does not appear on my computer. Using
> latest version of SATPC32.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Frank
> K6FW

From mvivona at yahoo.com  Mon Oct 24 13:46:52 2016
From: mvivona at yahoo.com (Mike)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 09:46:52 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SATPC32 Error Code 1925
In-Reply-To: <CAF3DnKhRVNcBz_1_AniXCMsmS4SAm+juCyJh80EyJkk76Ejr3Q@mail.gmail.com>
References: <c474312b-ab91-5de2-8db9-e290a7870304@verizon.net>
	<CAF3DnKhRVNcBz_1_AniXCMsmS4SAm+juCyJh80EyJkk76Ejr3Q@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <2E4D1816-FF53-49A6-B23F-F98605848854@yahoo.com>

Another option is to simply log in as the user "Administrator". Even though your current user has administrative privileges Windows-7 and greater has reserved some of the underlying properties from all but the official built-in "Administrator". 
It comes generically disabled. 

To enable the built-in administrator account, follow these steps: 
Click Start, type cmd in the Start Search box, and then press Enter. 

Note If you are prompted for an administrator password or for confirmation, type the password, or provide confirmation. 
In the search results list, right-click Command Prompt, and then click Run as Administrator.
When you are prompted by User Account Control, click Continue. 
At the command prompt, type net user administrator /active:yes, and then press Enter.
Type net user administrator <Password>, and then press Enter.

Note In this command, <Password> represents the actual password that you want to set for the administrator account. 
Type exit, and then press Enter.
Log off the current user account.
Michael KC4ZVA
Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 24, 2016, at 8:46 AM, Daniel Cussen <dan at post.com> wrote:
> 
> to run the setup program under Windows 7  right click on the file name
> "Setup". In the list that opens choose the option "Run as administrator".
> 
> You need to find the file itself using windows explorer. It will be in
> a folder called SATPC32 normally under program files. If you do not
> have the option then when right clicking, try holding the shift key
> while right clicking.
> 
> Another option is to right click and change the properties and under
> privileges/compatibility or similar try choose run as administrator.
> 
> E.g.:
> Navigate to the program folder of the program you want to run. ...
> Right-click the program icon (the .exe file).
> Choose Properties.
> On the Compatibility tab, select the Run This Program As An
> Administrator option.
> Click OK.
> If you see a User Account Control prompt, accept it.
> 
> 
>> On 24/10/2016, Frank Westphal <k6fw1 at verizon.net> wrote:
>> On two of my windows 7 computers I have not been able to install SatPC32
>> because I get the error message that I do not have administrator
>> privileges.  I only have one account on these machines and it is an
>> administrator account.  On other machines I do not get this error
>> message.  Do you know what causes this error and how to work around it?
>> I have been told to right click on the setup.exe file an run as an
>> administrator, but that option does not appear on my computer. Using
>> latest version of SATPC32.
>> 
>> Thanks,
>> 
>> Frank
>> K6FW
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From m5aka at yahoo.co.uk  Mon Oct 24 15:17:46 2016
From: m5aka at yahoo.co.uk (M5AKA)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 15:17:46 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] IARU Sat Spectrum + ESEO Sat Update
References: <1401795064.2935168.1477322266277.ref@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <1401795064.2935168.1477322266277@mail.yahoo.com>

IARU issue Amateur-Satellite Service spectrum requirements 
https://amsat-uk.org/2016/10/24/iaru-amateur-satellite-spectrum/

ESEO FM transponder satellite October 2016 Update 
https://amsat-uk.org/2016/10/23/eseo-update-october-2016/

ISS Columbus ham radio HT inoperative 
https://amsat-uk.org/2016/10/21/iss-columbus-ham-radio-ht-inoperative/

Video - A Geosynchronous Ham Radio Satellite 
https://amsat-uk.org/2016/10/15/a-geosynchronous-ham-radio-satellite/

Join AMSAT-UK 
https://amsat-uk.org/2016/09/27/autumn-fall-oscar-news/


73 Trevor M5AKA
----
AMSAT-UK?http://amsat-uk.org/
Twitter?https://twitter.com/AmsatUK
Facebook https://facebook.com/AmsatUK
YouTube?https://youtube.com/AmsatUK
----

From zleffke at vt.edu  Mon Oct 24 15:20:46 2016
From: zleffke at vt.edu (Zach Leffke)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 11:20:46 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
Message-ID: <37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>

Given my recent interest and the previous thread on 'deep space 
tracking,'  a linear transponder on a HEO bird could offer an 
interesting 'test bird' to conducting ranging operations and orbit 
determination with.  It is more 'deep space like' than the current LEO 
birds, but is still in earth orbit and can be modeled with TLEs (so that 
we can check against NORAD updates to see how 'good' we are doing).

If the design is similar to what will be used on the CQC bird (or at 
least an approximation that could work in a 1U), then we (as in the 
amateur satellite community) could test out the required earth station 
hardware / backend processing for something like this, as well as get 
vital training for future missions such as the CQC bird and potential 
other HEO missions.

Couple of points to back up the idea:

1.  I'm guessing a 1U in HEO is probably tough power budget wise, so 
link budgets will probably be tight.  PN sequence ranging (in my limited 
understanding of the subject) requires way less SNR than normal 
communications and data transfer since your just looking for 
correlations against the known PN sequence, so it is maybe viable given 
a tighter link budget.

2.  A 5GHz up/10 GHz down payload is probably not viable in a 1u (link 
budgets, size constraints, etc).  So, something like a 23cm up, 70cm 
down bent pipe transponder would be interesting.  The problem here will 
likely be community 'backlash' in that L-band uplink stations are less 
common in the Amateur Community.  I would offer the argument of 'use it 
or lose it' to help protect the 23cm uplink band, and also the fact that 
AMSAT is planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including 1E 
which will be a linear transponder).  So maybe having another 23cm 
uplink bird will interest people in adding a band to their station (if 
two birds isn't enough, maybe three is?).  If L-Band up is too hard to 
swallow, then a 2m up/70cm down bent pipe in HEO would still be 
interesting, compatible with most Amateur ground stations, and could 
still be used to test ranging operations.

3.  Heavy Forward Error Correction on a separate low rate TLM downlink 
would probably be a good idea (like AO-73, again due to probably tight 
power budget).

4.  training, Training, TRAINING!  I know AMSAT has conducted ranging on 
their own in the past, but its been a while.  There are probably new 
members in the community that would like to get into this sort of thing 
and learn this type of skill (I include myself in that list), and the 
folks that have done it before could help train up a younger/newer 
generation of AMSAT folks, which would help protect the 'technical 
leadership in the field of small sats' future of AMSAT.


I have no good answer for the radiation part of your question. Also, I'd 
love to help out the students, but have my hands full here with our own 
students at VT.


Just throwing out an idea for a payload.......

Congrats on getting a ride!


-Zach, KJ4QLP

Research Associate
Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Work Phone: 540-231-4174
Cell Phone: 540-808-6305

On 10/24/2016 2:38 AM, Nick Pugh wrote:
> Hello AMSAT-ers
>
> The University of Louisiana has a slot on a  ULA mission to GTO launch to
> GTO for a 1u. WE are asking the community what payload should we fly, how to
> mitigate the radiation and who wants to help the students?
>
>   
>
> http://www.ulalaunch.com/ula-announces-2016-cubesat-stem-winners.aspx?title=
> United+Launch+Alliance+Announces+CubeSat+STEM+Education+Program+Winners
> <http://www.ulalaunch.com/ula-announces-2016-cubesat-stem-winners.aspx?title
> =United+Launch+Alliance+Announces+CubeSat+STEM+Education+Program+Winners&Cat
> egory=News> &Category=News
>
>   
>
>   
>
>   73's and see you on the baot
>
> nick k5qxj
>
>   
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From n8hm at arrl.net  Mon Oct 24 15:38:57 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 11:38:57 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOqXcn-ZwvjPJt2eLhC2GyY56g9jw7nAQbWbU2tAQbV_Lw@mail.gmail.com>

Some sort of linear transponder would be an ideal payload, even if you'd
need a really darn good station to use it (usage of low bit rate digital
modes through the transponder could help). The last ULA launch to GTO that
I could find orbit details for was to 35,789 km x 3,830 km with a 19 degree
inclination. A transponder may only be usable by the best equipped stations
at apogee, but many more stations could use it at perigee.

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 11:20 AM, Zach Leffke <zleffke at vt.edu> wrote:

> Given my recent interest and the previous thread on 'deep space
> tracking,'  a linear transponder on a HEO bird could offer an interesting
> 'test bird' to conducting ranging operations and orbit determination with.
> It is more 'deep space like' than the current LEO birds, but is still in
> earth orbit and can be modeled with TLEs (so that we can check against
> NORAD updates to see how 'good' we are doing).
>
> If the design is similar to what will be used on the CQC bird (or at least
> an approximation that could work in a 1U), then we (as in the amateur
> satellite community) could test out the required earth station hardware /
> backend processing for something like this, as well as get vital training
> for future missions such as the CQC bird and potential other HEO missions.
>
> Couple of points to back up the idea:
>
> 1.  I'm guessing a 1U in HEO is probably tough power budget wise, so link
> budgets will probably be tight.  PN sequence ranging (in my limited
> understanding of the subject) requires way less SNR than normal
> communications and data transfer since your just looking for correlations
> against the known PN sequence, so it is maybe viable given a tighter link
> budget.
>
> 2.  A 5GHz up/10 GHz down payload is probably not viable in a 1u (link
> budgets, size constraints, etc).  So, something like a 23cm up, 70cm down
> bent pipe transponder would be interesting.  The problem here will likely
> be community 'backlash' in that L-band uplink stations are less common in
> the Amateur Community.  I would offer the argument of 'use it or lose it'
> to help protect the 23cm uplink band, and also the fact that AMSAT is
> planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including 1E which will
> be a linear transponder).  So maybe having another 23cm uplink bird will
> interest people in adding a band to their station (if two birds isn't
> enough, maybe three is?).  If L-Band up is too hard to swallow, then a 2m
> up/70cm down bent pipe in HEO would still be interesting, compatible with
> most Amateur ground stations, and could still be used to test ranging
> operations.
>
> 3.  Heavy Forward Error Correction on a separate low rate TLM downlink
> would probably be a good idea (like AO-73, again due to probably tight
> power budget).
>
> 4.  training, Training, TRAINING!  I know AMSAT has conducted ranging on
> their own in the past, but its been a while.  There are probably new
> members in the community that would like to get into this sort of thing and
> learn this type of skill (I include myself in that list), and the folks
> that have done it before could help train up a younger/newer generation of
> AMSAT folks, which would help protect the 'technical leadership in the
> field of small sats' future of AMSAT.
>
>
> I have no good answer for the radiation part of your question. Also, I'd
> love to help out the students, but have my hands full here with our own
> students at VT.
>
>
> Just throwing out an idea for a payload.......
>
> Congrats on getting a ride!
>
>
> -Zach, KJ4QLP
>
> Research Associate
> Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
> Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
> Work Phone: 540-231-4174
> Cell Phone: 540-808-6305
>
>
> On 10/24/2016 2:38 AM, Nick Pugh wrote:
>
>> Hello AMSAT-ers
>>
>> The University of Louisiana has a slot on a  ULA mission to GTO launch to
>> GTO for a 1u. WE are asking the community what payload should we fly, how
>> to
>> mitigate the radiation and who wants to help the students?
>>
>>
>> http://www.ulalaunch.com/ula-announces-2016-cubesat-stem-win
>> ners.aspx?title=
>> United+Launch+Alliance+Announces+CubeSat+STEM+Education+Program+Winners
>> <http://www.ulalaunch.com/ula-announces-2016-cubesat-stem-wi
>> nners.aspx?title
>> =United+Launch+Alliance+Announces+CubeSat+STEM+Education+
>> Program+Winners&Cat
>> egory=News> &Category=News
>>
>>
>>
>>   73's and see you on the baot
>>
>> nick k5qxj
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From johnbrier at gmail.com  Mon Oct 24 16:06:03 2016
From: johnbrier at gmail.com (John Brier)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 12:06:03 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] [Video] ISS Ham Radio Broke!
Message-ID: <CALn0fKOZGheCHVcH_7p1Y9k3CzkfOcsmEvUSq-qJ6_B_yhe3dw@mail.gmail.com>

https://youtu.be/mhfQiVqZkts

The Ericsson MP-A handheld radio in the Columbus module used for most
school contacts recently started displaying an error message and is no
longer working. In the meantime, the Kenwood TM-D700 radio in the
Russian Service Module will be used for all school contacts. The good
thing about this is the Kenwood is a mobile radio and is more powerful
than the Ericsson, so it's much easier to hear. That's why the signal
was so strong at only 3 degrees in this video. One of the bad things
about this is the Ericsson powered the packet digipeater, so it's
temporarily offline.

This is my reception of astronaut Takuya Onishi onboard the
International Space Station talking to the Howell L. Watkins Middle
School in Palm Beach Gardens FL.

I received this in Raleigh, North Carolina, on Monday October 17th, 2016.

73, John Brier KG4AKV

From bruninga at usna.edu  Mon Oct 24 13:53:00 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 09:53:00 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band now carries AMSAT and ARISS weekly
	bulletins
Message-ID: <09170e7f63e91055ad5ca86bec12503d@mail.gmail.com>

The Outernet L-band feed is now carrying a condensed version of the AMSAT
and ARISS weekly news files.  (Global Geosat coverage except for Northern
Alaska)...

Receivers are simple:  http://aprs.org/outnet.html

For ARISS, I manually added a 2 char grid square to each school listed in
the school schedule and am asking the outernet folks to parse out that
location info and plot a 1200 km footprint on their weather globe showing
where people can tune in the ARISS contacts.  Then their RTL-SDR dongle
could then actually be retuned to hear the contact.  Just an idea...

Bob, WB4APR

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Dani
EA4GPZ
Sent: Saturday, October 15, 2016 7:36 AM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...

>> I hope someday a service like this will be available
>>  from an AMSAT geostationary service.

> I'm pretty confident that the guys at AMSAT-DL are capable
>  of doing this much better on the upcoming EsHail'2
> than what Outernet is currently doing on Inmarsat...

> They already have in mind a "DVB-S beacon"...  broadcast
> from the ground station at Qatar ... carrying videos
> about Ham radio and Ham radio events on this signal.

> What is more, if you have equipment to operate EsHail'2 on SSB,
> it's more or less easy to use either the narrowband transponder
> or the wideband transponder to transmit an Outernet-type signal
> through EsHail'2, so anyone can have a go with this.

> Outernet uses 4200baud BPSK and half of the bitrate is spent for FEC.
> You can use a bit less bitrate to get a signal that will even pass
> through a conventional 2.7kHz SSB filter and you can use less
> bits for FEC to get increased data throughput (but more SNR required).

> Dani EA4GPZ.

From dave at druidnetworks.com  Mon Oct 24 18:04:03 2016
From: dave at druidnetworks.com (David Swanson)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 13:04:03 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <CABzOSOqXcn-ZwvjPJt2eLhC2GyY56g9jw7nAQbWbU2tAQbV_Lw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
	<CABzOSOqXcn-ZwvjPJt2eLhC2GyY56g9jw7nAQbWbU2tAQbV_Lw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CANq+eyXnGYRh3mH4Y_FywgDqs7sDuber728b7Ttf1QRxnyAryw@mail.gmail.com>

I would also support and emphasize some form of transponder. I'm exactly
the kind of newer operator that Zach makes reference to that has never has
anything outside of an LEO bird to work with. While I lack anything outside
of 70cm/2m all-mode capability at the moment, if a new bird were launched
with a 23cm (or really any other band) transponder I will certainly upgrade
my station in order to work it. I'm not picky on mode or bands, just having
some form of transponder in a higher orbit is what excites me.

I'm also certainly willing to assist with training and student support
where I can. I'm somewhat tied up in my own graduate research for the next
4-5 months, but once that's complete I'll have a large academic load
removed from the shoulders.. no reason I couldn't grab another one to pick
up.

73!

Dave, KG5CCI

On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 10:38 AM, Paul Stoetzer <n8hm at arrl.net> wrote:

> Some sort of linear transponder would be an ideal payload, even if you'd
> need a really darn good station to use it (usage of low bit rate digital
> modes through the transponder could help). The last ULA launch to GTO that
> I could find orbit details for was to 35,789 km x 3,830 km with a 19 degree
> inclination. A transponder may only be usable by the best equipped stations
> at apogee, but many more stations could use it at perigee.
>
> 73,
>
> Paul, N8HM
>
> On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 11:20 AM, Zach Leffke <zleffke at vt.edu> wrote:
>
> > Given my recent interest and the previous thread on 'deep space
> > tracking,'  a linear transponder on a HEO bird could offer an interesting
> > 'test bird' to conducting ranging operations and orbit determination
> with.
> > It is more 'deep space like' than the current LEO birds, but is still in
> > earth orbit and can be modeled with TLEs (so that we can check against
> > NORAD updates to see how 'good' we are doing).
> >
> > If the design is similar to what will be used on the CQC bird (or at
> least
> > an approximation that could work in a 1U), then we (as in the amateur
> > satellite community) could test out the required earth station hardware /
> > backend processing for something like this, as well as get vital training
> > for future missions such as the CQC bird and potential other HEO
> missions.
> >
> > Couple of points to back up the idea:
> >
> > 1.  I'm guessing a 1U in HEO is probably tough power budget wise, so link
> > budgets will probably be tight.  PN sequence ranging (in my limited
> > understanding of the subject) requires way less SNR than normal
> > communications and data transfer since your just looking for correlations
> > against the known PN sequence, so it is maybe viable given a tighter link
> > budget.
> >
> > 2.  A 5GHz up/10 GHz down payload is probably not viable in a 1u (link
> > budgets, size constraints, etc).  So, something like a 23cm up, 70cm down
> > bent pipe transponder would be interesting.  The problem here will likely
> > be community 'backlash' in that L-band uplink stations are less common in
> > the Amateur Community.  I would offer the argument of 'use it or lose it'
> > to help protect the 23cm uplink band, and also the fact that AMSAT is
> > planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including 1E which will
> > be a linear transponder).  So maybe having another 23cm uplink bird will
> > interest people in adding a band to their station (if two birds isn't
> > enough, maybe three is?).  If L-Band up is too hard to swallow, then a 2m
> > up/70cm down bent pipe in HEO would still be interesting, compatible with
> > most Amateur ground stations, and could still be used to test ranging
> > operations.
> >
> > 3.  Heavy Forward Error Correction on a separate low rate TLM downlink
> > would probably be a good idea (like AO-73, again due to probably tight
> > power budget).
> >
> > 4.  training, Training, TRAINING!  I know AMSAT has conducted ranging on
> > their own in the past, but its been a while.  There are probably new
> > members in the community that would like to get into this sort of thing
> and
> > learn this type of skill (I include myself in that list), and the folks
> > that have done it before could help train up a younger/newer generation
> of
> > AMSAT folks, which would help protect the 'technical leadership in the
> > field of small sats' future of AMSAT.
> >
> >
> > I have no good answer for the radiation part of your question. Also, I'd
> > love to help out the students, but have my hands full here with our own
> > students at VT.
> >
> >
> > Just throwing out an idea for a payload.......
> >
> > Congrats on getting a ride!
> >
> >
> > -Zach, KJ4QLP
> >
> > Research Associate
> > Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
> > Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
> > Work Phone: 540-231-4174
> > Cell Phone: 540-808-6305
> >
> >
> > On 10/24/2016 2:38 AM, Nick Pugh wrote:
> >
> >> Hello AMSAT-ers
> >>
> >> The University of Louisiana has a slot on a  ULA mission to GTO launch
> to
> >> GTO for a 1u. WE are asking the community what payload should we fly,
> how
> >> to
> >> mitigate the radiation and who wants to help the students?
> >>
> >>
> >> http://www.ulalaunch.com/ula-announces-2016-cubesat-stem-win
> >> ners.aspx?title=
> >> United+Launch+Alliance+Announces+CubeSat+STEM+Education+Program+Winners
> >> <http://www.ulalaunch.com/ula-announces-2016-cubesat-stem-wi
> >> nners.aspx?title
> >> =United+Launch+Alliance+Announces+CubeSat+STEM+Education+
> >> Program+Winners&Cat
> >> egory=News> &Category=News
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>   73's and see you on the baot
> >>
> >> nick k5qxj
> >>
> >>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> >> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> >> Opinions expressed
> >> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> >> AMSAT-NA.
> >> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> >> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> >>
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions
> > expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> > AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> >
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From n0jy at amsat.org  Mon Oct 24 18:34:15 2016
From: n0jy at amsat.org (Jerry Buxton)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 13:34:15 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
Message-ID: <94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>

On 10/24/2016 10:20, Zach Leffke wrote:
> AMSAT is planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including
> 1E which will be a linear transponder)

I would just like to correct this information, so that everyone is aware
and not surprised by what will be in orbit.
Fox-1Cliff and Fox-1D have the L/v band capability that Zach mentioned. 
RadFxSat-2 (Fox-1E) will not.

Thanks.

Jerry Buxton, N?JY



From zleffke at vt.edu  Mon Oct 24 19:07:50 2016
From: zleffke at vt.edu (Zach Leffke)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 15:07:50 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
	<94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <5a987588-5aa1-1857-5a86-fe673b653f18@vt.edu>

AHHH, sorry, i screwed that one up.

Two birds with L-band up (1Cliff and 1D), but not the one with the 
linear (1E).

Somehow I can't get that straight in my head (this isn't the first time 
I've mixed that up).

So many Foxes of various band/mode combos on the way! I suppose in a way 
this is a good problem!


Sorry, Jerry (and everyone else).  I hope I didn't cause too much 
confusion there.  And thank you very much for the correction.

-Zach, KJ4QLP

Research Associate
Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Work Phone: 540-231-4174
Cell Phone: 540-808-6305

On 10/24/2016 2:34 PM, Jerry Buxton wrote:
> On 10/24/2016 10:20, Zach Leffke wrote:
>> AMSAT is planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including
>> 1E which will be a linear transponder)
> I would just like to correct this information, so that everyone is aware
> and not surprised by what will be in orbit.
> Fox-1Cliff and Fox-1D have the L/v band capability that Zach mentioned.
> RadFxSat-2 (Fox-1E) will not.
>
> Thanks.
>
> Jerry Buxton, N?JY
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From ewpereira at gmail.com  Mon Oct 24 19:23:55 2016
From: ewpereira at gmail.com (Edson W. R. Pereira)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 17:23:55 -0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <5a987588-5aa1-1857-5a86-fe673b653f18@vt.edu>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
	<94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>
	<5a987588-5aa1-1857-5a86-fe673b653f18@vt.edu>
Message-ID: <CALNQy49yUVz_AWcog-WYX4wjOH5p+hKRG9esmaU35MJve+sQYQ@mail.gmail.com>

Nick, Zach et al,

The suggestion for an L band uplink, or any uplink or downlink above 70cm
for that matter, is very welcome. We absolutely need to populate the higher
UHF and SHF bands in a way that we can justify their allocation to the
amateur radio and amateur satellite services when we amateurs sit with
regulators to defend them. Higher bands are more challenging to use, but
they do offer advantages -- wider bandwidths, higher data rates, etc.

73, Edson PY2SDR

---
- We humans have the capability to do amazing things if we work together.
- N?s seres humanos temos a capacidade de fazer coisas incr?veis se
trabalharmos juntos.

On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 5:07 PM, Zach Leffke <zleffke at vt.edu> wrote:

> AHHH, sorry, i screwed that one up.
>
> Two birds with L-band up (1Cliff and 1D), but not the one with the linear
> (1E).
>
> Somehow I can't get that straight in my head (this isn't the first time
> I've mixed that up).
>
> So many Foxes of various band/mode combos on the way! I suppose in a way
> this is a good problem!
>
>
> Sorry, Jerry (and everyone else).  I hope I didn't cause too much
> confusion there.  And thank you very much for the correction.
>
> -Zach, KJ4QLP
>
> Research Associate
> Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology
> Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
> Work Phone: 540-231-4174
> Cell Phone: 540-808-6305
>
> On 10/24/2016 2:34 PM, Jerry Buxton wrote:
>
>> On 10/24/2016 10:20, Zach Leffke wrote:
>>
>>> AMSAT is planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including
>>> 1E which will be a linear transponder)
>>>
>> I would just like to correct this information, so that everyone is aware
>> and not surprised by what will be in orbit.
>> Fox-1Cliff and Fox-1D have the L/v band capability that Zach mentioned.
>> RadFxSat-2 (Fox-1E) will not.
>>
>> Thanks.
>>
>> Jerry Buxton, N?JY
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From zmetzing at pobox.com  Mon Oct 24 20:44:28 2016
From: zmetzing at pobox.com (Zach Metzinger)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 15:44:28 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <CALNQy49yUVz_AWcog-WYX4wjOH5p+hKRG9esmaU35MJve+sQYQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
	<94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>
	<5a987588-5aa1-1857-5a86-fe673b653f18@vt.edu>
	<CALNQy49yUVz_AWcog-WYX4wjOH5p+hKRG9esmaU35MJve+sQYQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <4281d496-d979-27d9-55b7-c157106928a0@pobox.com>

On 10/24/16 14:23, Edson W. R. Pereira wrote:
> Nick, Zach et al,
> 
> The suggestion for an L band uplink, or any uplink or downlink above 70cm
> for that matter, is very welcome. We absolutely need to populate the higher
> UHF and SHF bands in a way that we can justify their allocation to the
> amateur radio and amateur satellite services when we amateurs sit with
> regulators to defend them. Higher bands are more challenging to use, but
> they do offer advantages -- wider bandwidths, higher data rates, etc.

A project is underway to do just that. See this story:

http://www.arrl.org/news/amsat-seeks-volunteers-to-support-phase-4-five-and-dime-ground-terminal-effort

--- Zach
N0ZGO


From g0mrf at aol.com  Mon Oct 24 20:53:29 2016
From: g0mrf at aol.com (David G0MRF)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 16:53:29 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO Opportunity
Message-ID: <157f8783439-4c61-a6e2@webprd-m85.mail.aol.com>

Hi Nick.

FYI    -   I understand that Atmel has been purchased byMicrochip. ? And the new company is offering rad hard (ish) processors forspace

I wish you luck for your 'educational discount'


Would love to help, But with ITAR, you may have to shoot me.

73

David  G0MRF



Hello AMSAT-ers

The University of Louisiana has a slot on a  ULA mission to GTO launch to
GTO for a 1u. WE are asking the community what payload should we fly, how to
mitigate the radiation and who wants to help the students?

 


From w7lrd at comcast.net  Mon Oct 24 22:06:26 2016
From: w7lrd at comcast.net (Bob- W7LRD)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 22:06:26 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <CALNQy49yUVz_AWcog-WYX4wjOH5p+hKRG9esmaU35MJve+sQYQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
	<94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>
	<5a987588-5aa1-1857-5a86-fe673b653f18@vt.edu>
	<CALNQy49yUVz_AWcog-WYX4wjOH5p+hKRG9esmaU35MJve+sQYQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <282260140.26354643.1477346786125.JavaMail.zimbra@comcast.net>

Is there a reason why S band is not being considered. It was good on AO-40 (sobsob). Probably because of local QRM etc. 
73 Bob W7LRD 

----- Original Message -----

From: "Edson W. R. Pereira" <ewpereira at gmail.com> 
To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org> 
Sent: Monday, October 24, 2016 12:23:55 PM 
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity 

Nick, Zach et al, 

The suggestion for an L band uplink, or any uplink or downlink above 70cm 
for that matter, is very welcome. We absolutely need to populate the higher 
UHF and SHF bands in a way that we can justify their allocation to the 
amateur radio and amateur satellite services when we amateurs sit with 
regulators to defend them. Higher bands are more challenging to use, but 
they do offer advantages -- wider bandwidths, higher data rates, etc. 

73, Edson PY2SDR 

--- 
- We humans have the capability to do amazing things if we work together. 
- N?s seres humanos temos a capacidade de fazer coisas incr?veis se 
trabalharmos juntos. 

On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 5:07 PM, Zach Leffke <zleffke at vt.edu> wrote: 

> AHHH, sorry, i screwed that one up. 
> 
> Two birds with L-band up (1Cliff and 1D), but not the one with the linear 
> (1E). 
> 
> Somehow I can't get that straight in my head (this isn't the first time 
> I've mixed that up). 
> 
> So many Foxes of various band/mode combos on the way! I suppose in a way 
> this is a good problem! 
> 
> 
> Sorry, Jerry (and everyone else). I hope I didn't cause too much 
> confusion there. And thank you very much for the correction. 
> 
> -Zach, KJ4QLP 
> 
> Research Associate 
> Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology 
> Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University 
> Work Phone: 540-231-4174 
> Cell Phone: 540-808-6305 
> 
> On 10/24/2016 2:34 PM, Jerry Buxton wrote: 
> 
>> On 10/24/2016 10:20, Zach Leffke wrote: 
>> 
>>> AMSAT is planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including 
>>> 1E which will be a linear transponder) 
>>> 
>> I would just like to correct this information, so that everyone is aware 
>> and not surprised by what will be in orbit. 
>> Fox-1Cliff and Fox-1D have the L/v band capability that Zach mentioned. 
>> RadFxSat-2 (Fox-1E) will not. 
>> 
>> Thanks. 
>> 
>> Jerry Buxton, N?JY 
>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________ 
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>> Opinions expressed 
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
>> AMSAT-NA. 
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
>> 
> 
> _______________________________________________ 
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions 
> expressed 
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
> AMSAT-NA. 
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
> 
_______________________________________________ 
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed 
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA. 
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 


From scott23192 at gmail.com  Mon Oct 24 22:40:22 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 18:40:22 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band now carries AMSAT and ARISS
	weeklybulletins
In-Reply-To: <09170e7f63e91055ad5ca86bec12503d@mail.gmail.com>
References: <09170e7f63e91055ad5ca86bec12503d@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <0983A657B3454E73AEB6E748F2E3202F@CSI9020>

So cool to see this type of info delivered via geosynchronous satellite!

===============
AMSAT NEWS SERVICE
ANS-297   http://amsat.org

----------
VHF Handheld Radio on ISS Failed, ARISS Contacts Moved to Kenwood Radio

~~~ {other articles follow} ~~~
===============

It might be useful to start the body of each file with the date of 
publication.  A viewer might come across this content some days after it was 
originally uploaded.

Looks great!

-Scott,  K4KDR


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----Original Message----- 
From: Robert Bruninga
Sent: Monday, October 24, 2016 9:53 AM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band now carries AMSAT and ARISS 
weeklybulletins

The Outernet L-band feed is now carrying a condensed version of the AMSAT
and ARISS weekly news files.  (Global Geosat coverage except for Northern
Alaska)...

Receivers are simple:  http://aprs.org/outnet.html

For ARISS, I manually added a 2 char grid square to each school listed in
the school schedule and am asking the outernet folks to parse out that
location info and plot a 1200 km footprint on their weather globe showing
where people can tune in the ARISS contacts.  Then their RTL-SDR dongle
could then actually be retuned to hear the contact.  Just an idea...

Bob, WB4APR

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Dani
EA4GPZ
Sent: Saturday, October 15, 2016 7:36 AM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...

>> I hope someday a service like this will be available
>>  from an AMSAT geostationary service.

> I'm pretty confident that the guys at AMSAT-DL are capable
>  of doing this much better on the upcoming EsHail'2
> than what Outernet is currently doing on Inmarsat...

> They already have in mind a "DVB-S beacon"...  broadcast
> from the ground station at Qatar ... carrying videos
> about Ham radio and Ham radio events on this signal.

> What is more, if you have equipment to operate EsHail'2 on SSB,
> it's more or less easy to use either the narrowband transponder
> or the wideband transponder to transmit an Outernet-type signal
> through EsHail'2, so anyone can have a go with this.

> Outernet uses 4200baud BPSK and half of the bitrate is spent for FEC.
> You can use a bit less bitrate to get a signal that will even pass
> through a conventional 2.7kHz SSB filter and you can use less
> bits for FEC to get increased data throughput (but more SNR required).

> Dani EA4GPZ 


From bruninga at usna.edu  Mon Oct 24 23:25:04 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 19:25:04 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity (APRS?)
Message-ID: <d3fe1d89073ef617ec4d73289228c3f5@mail.gmail.com>

> The University of Louisiana has a slot ... to GTO for a 1u.
> WE are asking the community what payload should we fly...

You could always fly an APRS digipeater.  PSAT works well at LEO, but is
only 300 mW.  Our next 1U APRS satellite will have a 2W transmitter and
will be quite strong horizon to horizon to an HT on the ground.

But if you raise the cubesat TX power to 4W, and use Oscar class stations
running 50w instead of 5W HT's on the ground, you can pick up 23 dB more
performance which is exactly what you need to operate to GTO at 35,000km.

The problem is the TX duty cycle.  All of the APRS satellites operate with
a quite low TX duty cycle because Hams only cover about 10% of the Earth's
surface so the average transmitter power is low.  On GTO, half the users
in the world can see it half the time and if they all start banging it
with chatter, then a 1U wont have the average power.

Does your GTO remain attached to a large spacecraft?  Does it have more
than the average 1 Watt Solar power that a cubesat gets?  If so, then the
duty cycle might not be a problem.

ON THE OTHER HAND, every APRS digipeater has a DUPE-WAIT setting that is
normally 30 seconds for mobiles to prohibit duplicating packets.  You
could extend this to X miuntes to make sure no one tries to get through
more than one packet per X minutes.  Or you can think of otherways to
control the user load.

Again, I am assuming 2m on 145.825 MHz.  Although that is full of existing
users trying to hit the PCSAT, PSAT and ISS, no users without an OSCAR
class station and 50W will even be heard out there at GEO.  SO that is a
good way to share the channel.

Unless I overlooked something, I think it could work.

It would be a great emergency response and disaster preparedness link.
For low duty cycle comms into and out of an area.

You could build the whole system includeing a 10W PA using the parts from
a Byonics Microtrak TT4.  That is what we use (without the 10W PA) for our
PSAT-2 and follow-on designs.

See http://aprs.org/psat-2.html

Bob, Wb4APR

From cwo4mann at comcast.net  Tue Oct 25 01:25:59 2016
From: cwo4mann at comcast.net (Dave Mann)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 20:25:59 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <282260140.26354643.1477346786125.JavaMail.zimbra@comcast.net>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
	<94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>
	<5a987588-5aa1-1857-5a86-fe673b653f18@vt.edu>
	<CALNQy49yUVz_AWcog-WYX4wjOH5p+hKRG9esmaU35MJve+sQYQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<282260140.26354643.1477346786125.JavaMail.zimbra@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <D727E6E1-3D62-42A3-BDAC-8F075CB4D569@comcast.net>

I would like to see 23cm and above seriously considered.  My military experience (30 years) demonstrated to me how easily we can communicate with lots of bandwidth up there.  My detachments did it all the time, easy peasy.  Granted that military radios are pretty much point and shoot, and easy use for relatively untrained soldiers.  Ham gear for 23cm is common in Europe, and there is no reason we in the USA can't have that capability.  I have a 23cm module for my FT-736R and a home brew helical with which I rag chew with the other hams on 23 in the middle Tennessee area.  I am not suggesting we all mold and cast our own wave-guides, but just put some effort into the old Ham Radio "home brew" thing.  One thing about S and L and the other microwave bands is that we have bandwidth out the wazoo.

73, Dave N4CVX


Sent from my iPad

> On Oct 24, 2016, at 17:06, Bob- W7LRD <w7lrd at comcast.net> wrote:
> 
> Is there a reason why S band is not being considered. It was good on AO-40 (sobsob). Probably because of local QRM etc. 
> 73 Bob W7LRD 
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> 
> From: "Edson W. R. Pereira" <ewpereira at gmail.com> 
> To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org> 
> Sent: Monday, October 24, 2016 12:23:55 PM 
> Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity 
> 
> Nick, Zach et al, 
> 
> The suggestion for an L band uplink, or any uplink or downlink above 70cm 
> for that matter, is very welcome. We absolutely need to populate the higher 
> UHF and SHF bands in a way that we can justify their allocation to the 
> amateur radio and amateur satellite services when we amateurs sit with 
> regulators to defend them. Higher bands are more challenging to use, but 
> they do offer advantages -- wider bandwidths, higher data rates, etc. 
> 
> 73, Edson PY2SDR 
> 
> --- 
> - We humans have the capability to do amazing things if we work together. 
> - N?s seres humanos temos a capacidade de fazer coisas incr?veis se 
> trabalharmos juntos. 
> 
>> On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 5:07 PM, Zach Leffke <zleffke at vt.edu> wrote: 
>> 
>> AHHH, sorry, i screwed that one up. 
>> 
>> Two birds with L-band up (1Cliff and 1D), but not the one with the linear 
>> (1E). 
>> 
>> Somehow I can't get that straight in my head (this isn't the first time 
>> I've mixed that up). 
>> 
>> So many Foxes of various band/mode combos on the way! I suppose in a way 
>> this is a good problem! 
>> 
>> 
>> Sorry, Jerry (and everyone else). I hope I didn't cause too much 
>> confusion there. And thank you very much for the correction. 
>> 
>> -Zach, KJ4QLP 
>> 
>> Research Associate 
>> Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology 
>> Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University 
>> Work Phone: 540-231-4174 
>> Cell Phone: 540-808-6305 
>> 
>>> On 10/24/2016 2:34 PM, Jerry Buxton wrote: 
>>> 
>>>> On 10/24/2016 10:20, Zach Leffke wrote: 
>>>> 
>>>> AMSAT is planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including 
>>>> 1E which will be a linear transponder) 
>>>> 
>>> I would just like to correct this information, so that everyone is aware 
>>> and not surprised by what will be in orbit. 
>>> Fox-1Cliff and Fox-1D have the L/v band capability that Zach mentioned. 
>>> RadFxSat-2 (Fox-1E) will not. 
>>> 
>>> Thanks. 
>>> 
>>> Jerry Buxton, N?JY 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> _______________________________________________ 
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>>> Opinions expressed 
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
>>> AMSAT-NA. 
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
>>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________ 
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions 
>> expressed 
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
>> AMSAT-NA. 
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
>> 
> _______________________________________________ 
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed 
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA. 
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From ko6th.greg at gmail.com  Tue Oct 25 01:59:06 2016
From: ko6th.greg at gmail.com (Greg D)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 18:59:06 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <D727E6E1-3D62-42A3-BDAC-8F075CB4D569@comcast.net>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
	<94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>
	<5a987588-5aa1-1857-5a86-fe673b653f18@vt.edu>
	<CALNQy49yUVz_AWcog-WYX4wjOH5p+hKRG9esmaU35MJve+sQYQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<282260140.26354643.1477346786125.JavaMail.zimbra@comcast.net>
	<D727E6E1-3D62-42A3-BDAC-8F075CB4D569@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <580EBC6A.1020703@gmail.com>

Agreed, but thinking back to AO-51, weren't there some geographic
limitations to the use of 23cm as an uplink?  Have things changed since
then?

I'd love to get some use from my 23cm setup on the birds again, and the
AO-40 downlink is sitting in the attic, totally unused.

Greg  KO6TH


Dave Mann wrote:
> I would like to see 23cm and above seriously considered.  My military experience (30 years) demonstrated to me how easily we can communicate with lots of bandwidth up there.  My detachments did it all the time, easy peasy.  Granted that military radios are pretty much point and shoot, and easy use for relatively untrained soldiers.  Ham gear for 23cm is common in Europe, and there is no reason we in the USA can't have that capability.  I have a 23cm module for my FT-736R and a home brew helical with which I rag chew with the other hams on 23 in the middle Tennessee area.  I am not suggesting we all mold and cast our own wave-guides, but just put some effort into the old Ham Radio "home brew" thing.  One thing about S and L and the other microwave bands is that we have bandwidth out the wazoo.
>
> 73, Dave N4CVX
>
>
> Sent from my iPad
>
>> On Oct 24, 2016, at 17:06, Bob- W7LRD <w7lrd at comcast.net> wrote:
>>
>> Is there a reason why S band is not being considered. It was good on AO-40 (sobsob). Probably because of local QRM etc. 
>> 73 Bob W7LRD 
>>
>> ----- Original Message -----
>>
>> From: "Edson W. R. Pereira" <ewpereira at gmail.com> 
>> To: "amsat-bb" <amsat-bb at amsat.org> 
>> Sent: Monday, October 24, 2016 12:23:55 PM 
>> Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity 
>>
>> Nick, Zach et al, 
>>
>> The suggestion for an L band uplink, or any uplink or downlink above 70cm 
>> for that matter, is very welcome. We absolutely need to populate the higher 
>> UHF and SHF bands in a way that we can justify their allocation to the 
>> amateur radio and amateur satellite services when we amateurs sit with 
>> regulators to defend them. Higher bands are more challenging to use, but 
>> they do offer advantages -- wider bandwidths, higher data rates, etc. 
>>
>> 73, Edson PY2SDR 
>>
>> --- 
>> - We humans have the capability to do amazing things if we work together. 
>> - N?s seres humanos temos a capacidade de fazer coisas incr?veis se 
>> trabalharmos juntos. 
>>
>>> On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 5:07 PM, Zach Leffke <zleffke at vt.edu> wrote: 
>>>
>>> AHHH, sorry, i screwed that one up. 
>>>
>>> Two birds with L-band up (1Cliff and 1D), but not the one with the linear 
>>> (1E). 
>>>
>>> Somehow I can't get that straight in my head (this isn't the first time 
>>> I've mixed that up). 
>>>
>>> So many Foxes of various band/mode combos on the way! I suppose in a way 
>>> this is a good problem! 
>>>
>>>
>>> Sorry, Jerry (and everyone else). I hope I didn't cause too much 
>>> confusion there. And thank you very much for the correction. 
>>>
>>> -Zach, KJ4QLP 
>>>
>>> Research Associate 
>>> Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security & Technology 
>>> Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University 
>>> Work Phone: 540-231-4174 
>>> Cell Phone: 540-808-6305 
>>>
>>>> On 10/24/2016 2:34 PM, Jerry Buxton wrote: 
>>>>
>>>>> On 10/24/2016 10:20, Zach Leffke wrote: 
>>>>>
>>>>> AMSAT is planning an L-Band uplink for two of the 5 foxes (including 
>>>>> 1E which will be a linear transponder) 
>>>>>
>>>> I would just like to correct this information, so that everyone is aware 
>>>> and not surprised by what will be in orbit. 
>>>> Fox-1Cliff and Fox-1D have the L/v band capability that Zach mentioned. 
>>>> RadFxSat-2 (Fox-1E) will not. 
>>>>
>>>> Thanks. 
>>>>
>>>> Jerry Buxton, N?JY 
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> _______________________________________________ 
>>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>>>> Opinions expressed 
>>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
>>>> AMSAT-NA. 
>>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
>>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
>>>>
>>> _______________________________________________ 
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions 
>>> expressed 
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of 
>>> AMSAT-NA. 
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
>>>
>> _______________________________________________ 
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available 
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed 
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA. 
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program! 
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb 
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From bruninga at usna.edu  Tue Oct 25 02:12:53 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Mon, 24 Oct 2016 22:12:53 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band now carries AMSAT and ARISS
	weeklybulletins
Message-ID: <ba81cd32885eaaef6363e25ff5e45f52@mail.gmail.com>

> It might be useful to start... each file with the date of publication

I agree.  I guess I can remember to add a date when I manually edit it
down to under 6K as requested by the Outernet Folks.

And the other NEAT application of an OUternet WiFi hotspot at ham events,
such as hamfests, or Public Service events or scouting events or anything
where Ham Radio is helping to provide communications is that this Outernet
WiFi hot spot not only serves all the Outernet (L-Band delivered) files to
everyone in the local WiFi area, but also the local SYSOP can upload his
own files in real time to the server.

Imagine if he maintains the latest Agenda, Schedule, Plans, Reports, Pass
times, Lost-N-found, and any other important real-time files of interest
to anyone in the area with a smart phone or tablet!

Remember, this Outerlink Hotspot and Geostationary satellite feed is just
a stand-alone cigarbox size piece of hardware powered by a small battery.
What could be easier and have so much potential...

See http://aprs.org/outnet-ariss.html

Bob, WB4APR

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Scott
Sent: Monday, October 24, 2016 6:40 PM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band now carries AMSAT and ARISS
weeklybulletins

So cool to see this type of info delivered via geosynchronous satellite!

===============
AMSAT NEWS SERVICE
ANS-297   http://amsat.org

----------
VHF Handheld Radio on ISS Failed, ARISS Contacts Moved to Kenwood Radio

~~~ {other articles follow} ~~~
===============

It might be useful to start the body of each file with the date of
publication.  A viewer might come across this content some days after it
was originally uploaded.

Looks great!

-Scott,  K4KDR


--------------------------------------------------------------------------
------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
------

-----Original Message-----
From: Robert Bruninga
Sent: Monday, October 24, 2016 9:53 AM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: [amsat-bb] Outernet L-Band now carries AMSAT and ARISS
weeklybulletins

The Outernet L-band feed is now carrying a condensed version of the AMSAT
and ARISS weekly news files.  (Global Geosat coverage except for Northern
Alaska)...

Receivers are simple:  http://aprs.org/outnet.html

For ARISS, I manually added a 2 char grid square to each school listed in
the school schedule and am asking the outernet folks to parse out that
location info and plot a 1200 km footprint on their weather globe showing
where people can tune in the ARISS contacts.  Then their RTL-SDR dongle
could then actually be retuned to hear the contact.  Just an idea...

Bob, WB4APR

-----Original Message-----
From: AMSAT-BB [mailto:amsat-bb-bounces at amsat.org] On Behalf Of Dani
EA4GPZ
Sent: Saturday, October 15, 2016 7:36 AM
To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] New Outernet L-Band service...

>> I hope someday a service like this will be available  from an AMSAT
>> geostationary service.

> I'm pretty confident that the guys at AMSAT-DL are capable  of doing
> this much better on the upcoming EsHail'2 than what Outernet is
> currently doing on Inmarsat...

> They already have in mind a "DVB-S beacon"...  broadcast from the
> ground station at Qatar ... carrying videos about Ham radio and Ham
> radio events on this signal.

> What is more, if you have equipment to operate EsHail'2 on SSB, it's
> more or less easy to use either the narrowband transponder or the
> wideband transponder to transmit an Outernet-type signal through
> EsHail'2, so anyone can have a go with this.

> Outernet uses 4200baud BPSK and half of the bitrate is spent for FEC.
> You can use a bit less bitrate to get a signal that will even pass
> through a conventional 2.7kHz SSB filter and you can use less bits for
> FEC to get increased data throughput (but more SNR required).

> Dani EA4GPZ

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available to
all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
expressed are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official
views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From AJ9N at aol.com  Tue Oct 25 04:10:07 2016
From: AJ9N at aol.com (AJ9N at aol.com)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 00:10:07 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-25 03:30
	UTC
Message-ID: <677b94.83a67a6.4540351f@aol.com>

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-25  03:30 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Istituto Comprensivo ?Marco da Melo?, Mel, Italy, direct  via I3XFY
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS (***)
The  scheduled astronaut is Shane Kimbrough KE5HOD (***)
Contact is a go for: Fri  2016-11-04 08:47:20 UTC 42 deg (***)

Students in Ingushetia,  Russia, direct via TBD (***)
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  RS?ISS (***)
The scheduled astronaut is Andrei Borisenko (***)
Contact is  a go for 2016-11-03 08:06 UTC(***)

Exp. 49 on orbit.  Welcome  aboard! (***)
Shane Kimbrough KE5HOD
Andrei Borisenko 
Sergey  Ryzhikov


****************************************************************************
**

Call  for Proposals
Proposal Window September 1 ? November 1, 2016  

The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)  Program is 
seeking formal and informal education institutions and organizations,  
individually or working together, to host an Amateur Radio contact with a crew  
member on board the ISS.  ARISS anticipates that the contact would be held  
between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Crew scheduling and ISS orbits will 
 determine the exact contact dates. To maximize these radio contact  
opportunities, ARISS is looking for organizations that will draw large numbers  of 
participants and integrate the contact into a well-developed education 
plan.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 1, 2016.   Proposal 
information and documents can be found at  www.arrl.org/hosting-an-ariss-contact.

****************************************************************************
**
ARISS  is always glad to receive listener reports for the above contacts.  
ARISS  thanks everyone in advance for their assistance.  Feel free to send 
your  reports to aj9n at amsat.org or aj9n at aol.com.

Listen for the ISS on  the downlink of 145.8?  MHz.

****************************************************************************
***

All  ARISS contacts are made via the Kenwood radio unless otherwise noted.  
(***)

****************************************************************************
***

Several  of you have sent me emails asking about the RAC ARISS website and 
not being  able to get in.  That has now been changed to  
http://www.ariss.org/

Note that there are links to other ARISS  websites from this  site.

****************************************************************************
Looking  for something new to do?  How about receiving DATV from the  ISS?  
 
If interested, then please go to the ARISS-EU website for  complete 
details.  Look for the buttons indicating Ham  Video.                       
      

http://www.ariss-eu.org/    

If you need some  assistance, ARISS mentor Kerry N6IZW, might be able to 
provide some  insight.  Contact Kerry at  kbanke at sbcglobal.net
****************************************************************************
ARISS  congratulations the following mentors who have now mentored over 100 
 
schools:  

Satoshi 7M3TJZ with 123 
Gaston ON4WF with 121  
Francesco IK?WGF with 118  


****************************************************************************
The  webpages listed below were all reviewed for accuracy.  Out of date  
webpages were removed and new ones have been added.  If there are  
additional 
ARISS websites I need to know about, please let me  know.

Note, all times are approximate.  It is recommended that you  do your own 
orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes before  the listed 
time. 
All dates and  times listed follow International  Standard ISO 8601 date 
and 
time format  YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

The  complete schedule page has been updated as of 2016-10-25 03:30 UTC.  
(***)
Here you will find a listing of all scheduled school contacts, and  
questions, other ISS related websites, IRLP and Echolink websites, and  
instructions for any contact that may be streamed live.    

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.txt

Total  number of ARISS ISS to earth school events is 1090. 
Each school counts as 1  event.
Total number of ARISS ISS to earth school contacts is 1055. 
Each  contact may have multiple schools sharing the same time slot.
Total number of  ARISS supported terrestrial contacts is 47. 

A complete year by year  breakdown of the contacts may be found in the  
file.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/arissnews.rtf

Please  feel free to contact me if more detailed statistics are  needed.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The  following US states and entities have never had an ARISS contact:
Arkansas,  Delaware, South Dakota, Wyoming, American Samoa, Guam, Northern 
Marianas  Islands, and the Virgin  Islands.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QSL  information may be found at:   
http://www.ariss.org/qsl-cards.html  

ISS callsigns:  DP?ISS, IR?ISS, NA1SS, OR4ISS,  RS?ISS

****************************************************************************
The  successful school list has been updated as of 2016-10-18 09:00  UTC.

http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/Successful_ARISS_schools.rtf

Frequency   chart for packet, voice, and crossband repeater modes showing 
Doppler   correction  as of 2005-07-29 04:00 UTC
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ISS_frequencies_and_Doppler_correction
.rtf

Listing  of ARISS related magazine articles as of 2006-07-10 03:30  UTC.
http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ariss/news/ARISS_magazine_articles.rtf

Check  out the Zoho reports of the ARISS  contacts

https://reports.zoho.com/ZDBDataSheetView.cc?DBID=412218000000020415
****************************************************************************
Exp.  48 on orbit
Anatoly Ivanishin 
Kate Rubins KG5FYJ
Takuya Onishi  KF5LKS

Exp. 49 on orbit.  Welcome aboard! (***)
Shane  Kimbrough KE5HOD
Andrei Borisenko 
Sergey  Ryzhikov

****************************************************************************

73,
Charlie   Sufana AJ9N
One of the ARISS operation team mentors


From ross at topwire.co.nz  Tue Oct 25 06:19:56 2016
From: ross at topwire.co.nz (Ross Whenmouth)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 19:19:56 +1300
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <mailman.2607.1477327796.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
References: <mailman.2607.1477327796.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <d0f75a03-4915-9e47-d97c-31c311e3280a@topwire.co.nz>

Hi,

I am thinking along the lines of K.I.S.S - a simple "bent pipe" linear 
transponder, with as little to go wrong as possible (the bird will be in 
GTO for a very long time). Power and link budget permitting (eg a 5 GHz 
/ 10 GHz machine), a wideband transponder would permit ranging 
experiments, high speed data and video modes in addition to CW & SSB...

Can the attitude of a 1U cubesat in GTO be passively stabilised (gravity 
gradient?) to keep the antennae pointing towards nadir?

Is a microprocessor (or any digital logic) strictly required? simply 
having the transponder run whenever the arming pin is out (pulled by 
ejection from the cubesat canister) and the DC volts are high enough, 
would eliminate the need for a rad-hard processor. As far as I am aware, 
the RF circuits in a "rock locked" (no PLL) linear transponder are not 
as prone to SEU induced latchup as digital circuitry.

73 ZL2WRW
Ross Whenmouth

From m5aka at yahoo.co.uk  Tue Oct 25 12:08:29 2016
From: m5aka at yahoo.co.uk (M5AKA)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 12:08:29 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] HEO opertunity
In-Reply-To: <D727E6E1-3D62-42A3-BDAC-8F075CB4D569@comcast.net>
References: <05ad01d22dc1$3e5fa7c0$bb1ef740$@bellsouth.net>
	<37002d2a-412b-18f5-617f-6d2b861083d9@vt.edu>
	<94ec38ce-5cb3-53f7-4804-1ff9a3212b26@amsat.org>
	<5a987588-5aa1-1857-5a86-fe673b653f18@vt.edu>
	<CALNQy49yUVz_AWcog-WYX4wjOH5p+hKRG9esmaU35MJve+sQYQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<282260140.26354643.1477346786125.JavaMail.zimbra@comcast.net>
	<D727E6E1-3D62-42A3-BDAC-8F075CB4D569@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <541879500.804504.1477397309358@mail.yahoo.com>

"Is there a reason why S band is not being considered. It was good on AO-40 (sobsob). Probably because of local QRM etc"
Yes Bob, unfortunately high levels of WiFi etc interference make 2400 MHz unusable in Urban areas, it's why the ISS HamTV transmitter has to operate on 2395 MHz outside the Amateur-Satellite Service allocation.
The power budget would be the determining factor as to which payload could be flown. For a standard 1U CubeSat without the complexity and risk of fold-out solar panels or fold-out antennas you are probably looking at about 400 mW RF output to an omni-directional antenna. This might suggest that in addition to a telemetry beacon you might support a 25 kHz bandwidth 435 to 145 MHz linear transponder. 

A 1260/435 MHz transponder would be an alternative but would require significantly higher gain ground station antennas.
 
73 Trevor M5AKA 

  

> On Oct 24, 2016, at 17:06, Bob- W7LRD <w7lrd at comcast.net> wrote:
> 
> Is there a reason why S band is not being considered. It was good on AO-40 (sobsob). Probably because of local QRM etc. 
> 73 Bob W7LRD 
> 


   

From onmontauk at gmail.com  Tue Oct 25 20:31:51 2016
From: onmontauk at gmail.com (Steve A)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 16:31:51 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] trip
Message-ID: <CAD33etqeiN1FB_oEiSr4xPNkVJDQtcavkNZWRzzqnDK=QQ_zpg@mail.gmail.com>

Is there any schedule as for what is happening? Schedule on the boat? When
Talks start, end, lunch, dinner, free time? I Have No Idea What Is
Happening On The Boat!!!!!!!!!!
NASA VISIT when we return, what will we visit? What times? ARISS meeting
schedule. etc... trying to finalize plans.

Steve Akkala
W2AKK
631-871-5689

PS yes I check the AMSAT web page daily. And nothings been updated. You
shouldn't have to look at random page 1234 to find out the most recent info
is 3 moths old.

From kayakfishtx at gmail.com  Tue Oct 25 21:04:45 2016
From: kayakfishtx at gmail.com (Clayton Coleman)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 16:04:45 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] trip
In-Reply-To: <4bbdb9c2-6531-9c0f-2647-000cbde92a82@amsat.org>
References: <CAD33etqeiN1FB_oEiSr4xPNkVJDQtcavkNZWRzzqnDK=QQ_zpg@mail.gmail.com>
	<4bbdb9c2-6531-9c0f-2647-000cbde92a82@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <CAPovOwc6apE29-btduP4P4ia2Hwv4V8+nmA2jtXLODvHzpyjYg@mail.gmail.com>

Steve,

While I can't speak to the ARISS meeting / NASA tour schedules, the
full AMSAT Symposium agenda will be posted on the website this weekend
and distributed in this weekend's ANS.

Thank you,

Clayton
W5PFG

>
> Is there any schedule as for what is happening? Schedule on the boat? When
> Talks start, end, lunch, dinner, free time? I Have No Idea What Is
> Happening On The Boat!!!!!!!!!!
> NASA VISIT when we return, what will we visit? What times? ARISS meeting
> schedule. etc... trying to finalize plans.
>
> Steve Akkala
> W2AKK
> 631-871-5689
>
> PS yes I check the AMSAT web page daily. And nothings been updated. You
> shouldn't have to look at random page 1234 to find out the most recent info
> is 3 moths old.
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From nss at mwt.net  Tue Oct 25 23:32:41 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 18:32:41 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Schedules
Message-ID: <be4b1940-2ebf-d23f-d1cc-adb337818fbe@mwt.net>

Where can someone go to try to make up some schedules?

Joe WB9SBD
-- 
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com

From chad.kg0mw at gmail.com  Wed Oct 26 00:13:21 2016
From: chad.kg0mw at gmail.com (Chad Phillips)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 19:13:21 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Schedules
In-Reply-To: <be4b1940-2ebf-d23f-d1cc-adb337818fbe@mwt.net>
References: <be4b1940-2ebf-d23f-d1cc-adb337818fbe@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <F330E99B-9945-41ED-A031-DD80D3A327FB@gmail.com>

Great question. I personally have just connected with people here on the BB?

chad
kg0mw


> On Oct 25, 2016, at 6:32 PM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
> 
> Where can someone go to try to make up some schedules?
> 
> Joe WB9SBD
> -- 
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Wed Oct 26 00:25:01 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 20:25:01 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Schedules
In-Reply-To: <CAEMY9FcsuDzB4r353NCUWrPZ+ZuwoMtuY1Tc-C4F0jqpuH4VQQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <be4b1940-2ebf-d23f-d1cc-adb337818fbe@mwt.net>
	<CAEMY9Fc9MEg12eOBaXi5j+D0OBW4p0e9sweSQDK_fc=MMi_bUQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9FcsuDzB4r353NCUWrPZ+ZuwoMtuY1Tc-C4F0jqpuH4VQQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9Fdv0_zT1HMYPFofHVgvd9YuP=om52NWEVaJVHV_Di6jcQ@mail.gmail.com>

Joe,

This page has active operators http://aar29.free.fr/sat/indexlogin.html
look them up on QRZ and ask for sleds.

Dave-KB1PVH

Sent from my Galaxy S7

From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Wed Oct 26 00:35:48 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 20:35:48 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Schedules
In-Reply-To: <CAEMY9Fdv0_zT1HMYPFofHVgvd9YuP=om52NWEVaJVHV_Di6jcQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <be4b1940-2ebf-d23f-d1cc-adb337818fbe@mwt.net>
	<CAEMY9Fc9MEg12eOBaXi5j+D0OBW4p0e9sweSQDK_fc=MMi_bUQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9FcsuDzB4r353NCUWrPZ+ZuwoMtuY1Tc-C4F0jqpuH4VQQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9Fdv0_zT1HMYPFofHVgvd9YuP=om52NWEVaJVHV_Di6jcQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9Ff0eec56_tRJjwNrbpAgtmRZej+Lh8pcmdSJ7JnwUtk7A@mail.gmail.com>

Gotta love autocorrect. Should have been ask for skeds not sleds.

Dave-KB1PVH

Sent from my Galaxy S7

On Oct 25, 2016 8:25 PM, "Dave Webb KB1PVH" <kb1pvh at gmail.com> wrote:

> Joe,
>
> This page has active operators http://aar29.free.fr/sat/indexlogin.html
> look them up on QRZ and ask for sleds.
>
> Dave-KB1PVH
>
> Sent from my Galaxy S7
>

From johnbrier at gmail.com  Wed Oct 26 03:28:27 2016
From: johnbrier at gmail.com (John Brier)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 23:28:27 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Schedules
In-Reply-To: <CAEMY9Ff0eec56_tRJjwNrbpAgtmRZej+Lh8pcmdSJ7JnwUtk7A@mail.gmail.com>
References: <be4b1940-2ebf-d23f-d1cc-adb337818fbe@mwt.net>
	<CAEMY9Fc9MEg12eOBaXi5j+D0OBW4p0e9sweSQDK_fc=MMi_bUQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9FcsuDzB4r353NCUWrPZ+ZuwoMtuY1Tc-C4F0jqpuH4VQQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9Fdv0_zT1HMYPFofHVgvd9YuP=om52NWEVaJVHV_Di6jcQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAEMY9Ff0eec56_tRJjwNrbpAgtmRZej+Lh8pcmdSJ7JnwUtk7A@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CALn0fKNAiHPTy-G2XPpLkwL0BtQn-sQ124x96b5RJPRgvRDa=w@mail.gmail.com>

Winter is right around the corner...

;-)

73, John Brier KG4AKV

On Tue, Oct 25, 2016 at 8:35 PM, Dave Webb KB1PVH <kb1pvh at gmail.com> wrote:
> Gotta love autocorrect. Should have been ask for skeds not sleds.
>
> Dave-KB1PVH
>
> Sent from my Galaxy S7
>
> On Oct 25, 2016 8:25 PM, "Dave Webb KB1PVH" <kb1pvh at gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> Joe,
>>
>> This page has active operators http://aar29.free.fr/sat/indexlogin.html
>> look them up on QRZ and ask for sleds.
>>
>> Dave-KB1PVH
>>
>> Sent from my Galaxy S7
>>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From nss at mwt.net  Wed Oct 26 04:22:39 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 23:22:39 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Schedules
In-Reply-To: <F330E99B-9945-41ED-A031-DD80D3A327FB@gmail.com>
References: <be4b1940-2ebf-d23f-d1cc-adb337818fbe@mwt.net>
	<F330E99B-9945-41ED-A031-DD80D3A327FB@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <c9dfc485-4761-049e-bb61-2d11485d5417@mwt.net>

That's what I also thought. And asked but got no takers.

Joe WB9SBD
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/25/2016 7:13 PM, Chad Phillips wrote:
> Great question. I personally have just connected with people here on the BB?
>
> chad
> kg0mw
>
>
>> On Oct 25, 2016, at 6:32 PM, Joe <nss at mwt.net> wrote:
>>
>> Where can someone go to try to make up some schedules?
>>
>> Joe WB9SBD
>> -- 
>> Sig
>> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
>> Idle Tyme
>> Idle-Tyme.com
>> http://www.idle-tyme.com
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>


From wmy at isac.gov.in  Wed Oct 26 09:13:22 2016
From: wmy at isac.gov.in (Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS])
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 2016 14:43:22 +0530
Subject: [amsat-bb] Request for Satyabamasat CW beacon Signal
Message-ID: <20161026091010.CD30282BB@lansing182.amsat.org>

Dear Friends,
Hereby request you all to kindly listen to Satyabamasat CW beacon and to
send the audio file to my mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in

The latest keps for Satyabamasat is available in N2YO site

The COSPAR Designator is: 2016-040-B
NORAD No????????????????????? ? ? : 41600

CW Beacon Frequency?? ?? : 145.980 Mhz

Thanks in advance
  Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS]
Secretary & Station-In-Charge
Upagrah Amateur Radio Club VU2URC
ISRO Satellite Centre
HAL Airport Road, Bangalore-560 017.
Phone:(Office)91-80-25082598/25082054/25082192
Mobile:? 91-9880 341 456
E-mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
? ? ? ? ? ?vu2wmy_mani at yahoo.com
? ? ? ? ? ?isrohams at yahoo.com
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Confidentiality Notice: This e-mail message, including any attachments, is for
the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential and
privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please
contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original
message.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------


From onmontauk at gmail.com  Tue Oct 25 21:24:44 2016
From: onmontauk at gmail.com (Steve A)
Date: Tue, 25 Oct 2016 17:24:44 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] trip
In-Reply-To: <CAPovOwc6apE29-btduP4P4ia2Hwv4V8+nmA2jtXLODvHzpyjYg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAD33etqeiN1FB_oEiSr4xPNkVJDQtcavkNZWRzzqnDK=QQ_zpg@mail.gmail.com>
	<4bbdb9c2-6531-9c0f-2647-000cbde92a82@amsat.org>
	<CAPovOwc6apE29-btduP4P4ia2Hwv4V8+nmA2jtXLODvHzpyjYg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAD33etoRRPLHka_whoRgL1gL1k25V=8G=zwOCmS-M33WKGtYYQ@mail.gmail.com>

We are trying to finalize plans. Its not helpful if there is no
information. Who has info on the NASA your 11/14. Can we get a time line,
agenda????

A lot of people have to make plans.

On Tue, Oct 25, 2016 at 5:04 PM, Clayton Coleman <kayakfishtx at gmail.com>
wrote:

> Steve,
>
> While I can't speak to the ARISS meeting / NASA tour schedules, the
> full AMSAT Symposium agenda will be posted on the website this weekend
> and distributed in this weekend's ANS.
>
> Thank you,
>
> Clayton
> W5PFG
>
> >
> > Is there any schedule as for what is happening? Schedule on the boat?
> When
> > Talks start, end, lunch, dinner, free time? I Have No Idea What Is
> > Happening On The Boat!!!!!!!!!!
> > NASA VISIT when we return, what will we visit? What times? ARISS meeting
> > schedule. etc... trying to finalize plans.
> >
> > Steve Akkala
> > W2AKK
> > 631-871-5689
> >
> > PS yes I check the AMSAT web page daily. And nothings been updated. You
> > shouldn't have to look at random page 1234 to find out the most recent
> info
> > is 3 moths old.
> > _______________________________________________
> > Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> > to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions
> > expressed
> > are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> > AMSAT-NA.
> > Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> > Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> >
>

From dave.w8aas at verizon.net  Wed Oct 26 11:02:28 2016
From: dave.w8aas at verizon.net (Dave Taylor)
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 2016 07:02:28 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] trip
In-Reply-To: <CAD33etoRRPLHka_whoRgL1gL1k25V=8G=zwOCmS-M33WKGtYYQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAD33etqeiN1FB_oEiSr4xPNkVJDQtcavkNZWRzzqnDK=QQ_zpg@mail.gmail.com>
	<4bbdb9c2-6531-9c0f-2647-000cbde92a82@amsat.org>
	<CAPovOwc6apE29-btduP4P4ia2Hwv4V8+nmA2jtXLODvHzpyjYg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAD33etoRRPLHka_whoRgL1gL1k25V=8G=zwOCmS-M33WKGtYYQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <2C2BE743-01F6-4BDC-BF69-BEF3D01E7E25@verizon.net>

ARISS was unable to schedule an afternoon tour because of another large space conference in town that week.  The tour will be Monday morning, too early for those of us on the boat.

Dave

> On Oct 25, 2016, at 5:24 PM, Steve A <onmontauk at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> We are trying to finalize plans. Its not helpful if there is no
> information. Who has info on the NASA your 11/14. Can we get a time line,
> agenda????
> 
> A lot of people have to make plans.
> 
> On Tue, Oct 25, 2016 at 5:04 PM, Clayton Coleman <kayakfishtx at gmail.com>
> wrote:
> 
>> Steve,
>> 
>> While I can't speak to the ARISS meeting / NASA tour schedules, the
>> full AMSAT Symposium agenda will be posted on the website this weekend
>> and distributed in this weekend's ANS.
>> 
>> Thank you,
>> 
>> Clayton
>> W5PFG
>> 
>>> 
>>> Is there any schedule as for what is happening? Schedule on the boat?
>> When
>>> Talks start, end, lunch, dinner, free time? I Have No Idea What Is
>>> Happening On The Boat!!!!!!!!!!
>>> NASA VISIT when we return, what will we visit? What times? ARISS meeting
>>> schedule. etc... trying to finalize plans.
>>> 
>>> Steve Akkala
>>> W2AKK
>>> 631-871-5689
>>> 
>>> PS yes I check the AMSAT web page daily. And nothings been updated. You
>>> shouldn't have to look at random page 1234 to find out the most recent
>> info
>>> is 3 moths old.
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions
>>> expressed
>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>>> AMSAT-NA.
>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!
>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>> 
>> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From pedro at dutrasousa.name  Wed Oct 26 12:38:09 2016
From: pedro at dutrasousa.name (Pedro Dutra Sousa)
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 2016 12:38:09 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] trip
In-Reply-To: <2C2BE743-01F6-4BDC-BF69-BEF3D01E7E25@verizon.net>
References: <CAD33etqeiN1FB_oEiSr4xPNkVJDQtcavkNZWRzzqnDK=QQ_zpg@mail.gmail.com>
	<4bbdb9c2-6531-9c0f-2647-000cbde92a82@amsat.org>
	<CAPovOwc6apE29-btduP4P4ia2Hwv4V8+nmA2jtXLODvHzpyjYg@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAD33etoRRPLHka_whoRgL1gL1k25V=8G=zwOCmS-M33WKGtYYQ@mail.gmail.com>
	<2C2BE743-01F6-4BDC-BF69-BEF3D01E7E25@verizon.net>
Message-ID: <62EA8186-3AD8-43E1-8329-75C9E7B465B0@dutrasousa.name>

Hi,

I'll stay in Houston until Thursday that week, and planning a visit to JSC.

73 Pedro CU2ZG 

Sent from my iPhone
Please excuse any typos or briefness

> On 26 Oct 2016, at 11:02, Dave Taylor <dave.w8aas at verizon.net> wrote:
> 
> ARISS was unable to schedule an afternoon tour because of another large space conference in town that week.  The tour will be Monday morning, too early for those of us on the boat.
> 
> Dave
> 
>> On Oct 25, 2016, at 5:24 PM, Steve A <onmontauk at gmail.com> wrote:
>> 
>> We are trying to finalize plans. Its not helpful if there is no
>> information. Who has info on the NASA your 11/14. Can we get a time line,
>> agenda????
>> 
>> A lot of people have to make plans.
>> 
>> On Tue, Oct 25, 2016 at 5:04 PM, Clayton Coleman <kayakfishtx at gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>> 
>>> Steve,
>>> 
>>> While I can't speak to the ARISS meeting / NASA tour schedules, the
>>> full AMSAT Symposium agenda will be posted on the website this weekend
>>> and distributed in this weekend's ANS.
>>> 
>>> Thank you,
>>> 
>>> Clayton
>>> W5PFG
>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> Is there any schedule as for what is happening? Schedule on the boat?
>>> When
>>>> Talks start, end, lunch, dinner, free time? I Have No Idea What Is
>>>> Happening On The Boat!!!!!!!!!!
>>>> NASA VISIT when we return, what will we visit? What times? ARISS meeting
>>>> schedule. etc... trying to finalize plans.
>>>> 
>>>> Steve Akkala
>>>> W2AKK
>>>> 631-871-5689
>>>> 
>>>> PS yes I check the AMSAT web page daily. And nothings been updated. You
>>>> shouldn't have to look at random page 1234 to find out the most recent
>>> info
>>>> is 3 moths old.
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>>>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>>> Opinions
>>>> expressed
>>>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>>>> AMSAT-NA.
>>>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>>> program!
>>>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>>> 
>>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> 
> -- 
> This message has been scanned for viruses and
> dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
> believed to be clean.
> 


-- 
This message has been scanned for viruses and
dangerous content by MailScanner, and is
believed to be clean.


From pconver at gmail.com  Wed Oct 26 15:46:47 2016
From: pconver at gmail.com (Pedro Converso)
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 2016 12:46:47 -0300
Subject: [amsat-bb] Request for Satyabamasat CW beacon Signal
In-Reply-To: <20161026091010.CD30282BB@lansing182.amsat.org>
References: <20161026091010.CD30282BB@lansing182.amsat.org>
Message-ID: <CANTZqK=vX+gSeRfF9n4=vRqHOfFAFCO--euFNgv3YsefSZL7sA@mail.gmail.com>

Hello Mani,

Sathyabamasat included for tracking on
http://amsat.org.ar/pass.htm as Sathy.

Hope could be received.

73, lu7abf, Pedro Converso


On Wed, Oct 26, 2016 at 6:13 AM, Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS] <wmy at isac.gov.in> wrote:
> Dear Friends,
> Hereby request you all to kindly listen to Satyabamasat CW beacon and to
> send the audio file to my mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
>
> The latest keps for Satyabamasat is available in N2YO site
>
> The COSPAR Designator is: 2016-040-B
> NORAD No                          : 41600
>
> CW Beacon Frequency      : 145.980 Mhz
>
> Thanks in advance
>  Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS]
> Secretary & Station-In-Charge
> Upagrah Amateur Radio Club VU2URC
> ISRO Satellite Centre
> HAL Airport Road, Bangalore-560 017.
> Phone:(Office)91-80-25082598/25082054/25082192
> Mobile:  91-9880 341 456
> E-mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
>            vu2wmy_mani at yahoo.com
>            isrohams at yahoo.com
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Confidentiality Notice: This e-mail message, including any attachments, is
> for
> the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential and
> privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
> distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please
> contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original
> message.
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From ka3hdo at verizon.net  Wed Oct 26 23:55:05 2016
From: ka3hdo at verizon.net (KA3HDO)
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 2016 19:55:05 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISS Meeting Information
Message-ID: <054a01d22fe4$6080d2f0$218278d0$@verizon.net>

All,

 

Those who have expressed interest in the ARISS meeting previously have
received the latest ARISS meeting information.  I am including it here for
all on AMSAT-BB because there was a query about it here.

 

Since BB will not accept attachments, our "near final" draft for our ARISS
meeting in Houston can be downloaded at:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/7b156pcxxrjdjon/ARISS-I%20Agenda%202016%20Houston-
Rev%208.pdf?dl=0

 

As you review this, I think you can see that we have some really exciting
topics that we will be discussing and working through, as a team.  Most
importantly, we will be celebrating our 20th anniversary as a team.  For
those not aware, 20 years ago, in November 1996, an international group
interested in installing and operating a ham radio station on the ISS met at
the NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston and, per NASA's direction, formed
an international working group called ARISS.  And the rest is history!!

Because we have so many things to address at our ARISS-I meeting, we have
divided our discussions into 3 primary categories:  1) Hardware Development,
2) Education and 3) Sustainability and Funding.  As you can see in the
agenda, we will be conducting two sessions simultaneously like is done in a
conference. We will also have plenary sessions, where the entire team will
attend, to discuss topics that impact the entire, world-wide team.

If you are still interested in attending the meeting, you are welcome to
come.  Please let me know (directly) of your interest. 

I thank you all for your interest in and support to our magnificent program.
It is amazing what we have accomplished in 20 years!  It will be exciting to
see what we will do in the next 20!!

73,  Frank Bauer KA3HDO

AMSAT V.P. for Human Spaceflight Programs

ARISS International Chair


From fhbauer at verizon.net  Wed Oct 26 23:54:31 2016
From: fhbauer at verizon.net (Frank H. Bauer)
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 2016 19:54:31 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ARISS Meeting Information
Message-ID: <054501d22fe4$4c5b3360$e5119a20$@verizon.net>

All,

 

Those who have expressed interest in the ARISS meeting previously have
received the latest ARISS meeting information.  I am including it here for
all on AMSAT-BB because there was a query about it here.

 

Since BB will not accept attachments, our "near final" draft for our ARISS
meeting in Houston can be downloaded at:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/7b156pcxxrjdjon/ARISS-I%20Agenda%202016%20Houston-
Rev%208.pdf?dl=0

 

As you review this, I think you can see that we have some really exciting
topics that we will be discussing and working through, as a team.  Most
importantly, we will be celebrating our 20th anniversary as a team.  For
those not aware, 20 years ago, in November 1996, an international group
interested in installing and operating a ham radio station on the ISS met at
the NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston and, per NASA's direction, formed
an international working group called ARISS.  And the rest is history!!

Because we have so many things to address at our ARISS-I meeting, we have
divided our discussions into 3 primary categories:  1) Hardware Development,
2) Education and 3) Sustainability and Funding.  As you can see in the
agenda, we will be conducting two sessions simultaneously like is done in a
conference. We will also have plenary sessions, where the entire team will
attend, to discuss topics that impact the entire, world-wide team.

If you are still interested in attending the meeting, you are welcome to
come.  Please let me know (directly) of your interest. 

I thank you all for your interest in and support to our magnificent program.
It is amazing what we have accomplished in 20 years!  It will be exciting to
see what we will do in the next 20!!

73,  Frank Bauer KA3HDO

AMSAT V.P. for Human Spaceflight Programs

ARISS International Chair


From wmy at isac.gov.in  Thu Oct 27 03:32:43 2016
From: wmy at isac.gov.in (Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS])
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2016 09:02:43 +0530
Subject: [amsat-bb] Request for Satyabamasat CW beacon Signal
In-Reply-To: <CANTZqK=vX+gSeRfF9n4=vRqHOfFAFCO--euFNgv3YsefSZL7sA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <20161026091010.CD30282BB@lansing182.amsat.org>
	<CANTZqK=vX+gSeRfF9n4=vRqHOfFAFCO--euFNgv3YsefSZL7sA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20161027032935.5EE1F8B51@lansing182.amsat.org>

  Thank you dear Pedro, for your kind information. We are tracking the Space
Craft and as we are going through the post launch performance reviews, we
are looking for the limited telemetry through the beacon for analysis.
Would appreciate if any audio recordings of the CW beacon are available
over different parts of the Globe.

73 de

Quoting Pedro Converso <pconver at gmail.com>:

> Hello Mani,
>
> Sathyabamasat included for tracking on
> http://amsat.org.ar/pass.htm as Sathy.
>
> Hope could be received.
>
> 73, lu7abf, Pedro Converso
>
> On Wed, Oct 26, 2016 at 6:13 AM, Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS] <wmy at isac.gov.in>
> wrote:
>> Dear Friends,
>> Hereby request you all to kindly listen to Satyabamasat CW beacon and to
>> send the audio file to my mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
>>
>> The latest keps for Satyabamasat is available in N2YO site
>>
>> The COSPAR Designator is: 2016-040-B
>> NORAD No? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? : 41600
>>
>> CW Beacon Frequency? ? ? : 145.980 Mhz
>>
>> Thanks in advance
>> Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS]
>> Secretary & Station-In-Charge
>> Upagrah Amateur Radio Club VU2URC
>> ISRO Satellite Centre
>> HAL Airport Road, Bangalore-560 017.
>> Phone:(Office)91-80-25082598/25082054/25082192
>> Mobile:? 91-9880 341 456
>> E-mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
>> ? ? ? ? ? ?vu2wmy_mani at yahoo.com
>> ? ? ? ? ? ?isrohams at yahoo.com
>>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> Confidentiality Notice: This e-mail message, including any attachments,
>> is
>> for
>> the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential
>> and
>> privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
>> distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient,
please
>> contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the
original
>> message.
>>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions
>> expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
>> AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!Subscription settings:
>> http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> ?
  Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS]
Secretary & Station-In-Charge
Upagrah Amateur Radio Club VU2URC
ISRO Satellite Centre
HAL Airport Road, Bangalore-560 017.
Phone:(Office)91-80-25082598/25082054/25082192
Mobile:? 91-9880 341 456
E-mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
? ? ? ? ? ?vu2wmy_mani at yahoo.com
? ? ? ? ? ?isrohams at yahoo.com
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Confidentiality Notice: This e-mail message, including any attachments, is for
the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential and
privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please
contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original
message.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------


From clintbrad4d at earthlink.net  Wed Oct 26 14:06:12 2016
From: clintbrad4d at earthlink.net (Clint Bradford)
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 2016 07:06:12 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Raspberry Pi 3 Sites
In-Reply-To: <mailman.2747.1477476283.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
References: <mailman.2747.1477476283.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <F685DF73-67C4-4B07-829B-3A6D605D3D3E@earthlink.net>

For amateur radio topics/programs - what is your favorite site(s) for Raspberry Pi 3 
information?

I am also looking for some sort of self-running SENSE HAT demo that I can hold up and 
"WOW!" audiences as I explain that this is the exact same hardware that's aboard the ISS 
during presentations.

Many thanks.

Clint Bradford K6LCS
9909-999-SATS (7287)

From vk4tec at tech-software.net  Thu Oct 27 12:13:02 2016
From: vk4tec at tech-software.net (Andrew Rich)
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2016 22:13:02 +1000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Raspberry Pi 3 Sites
In-Reply-To: <F685DF73-67C4-4B07-829B-3A6D605D3D3E@earthlink.net>
References: <mailman.2747.1477476283.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
	<F685DF73-67C4-4B07-829B-3A6D605D3D3E@earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <BD4BF1C3-2202-4543-A01E-A28AB1388D7C@tech-software.net>

I like MagPi 



Andrew

-----------------------------
Sent from my iPhone
Andrew Rich
e vk4tec at tech-software.net
w www.tech-software.net
m 0419 738 223

> On 27 Oct. 2016, at 00:06, Clint Bradford <clintbrad4d at earthlink.net> wrote:
> 
> For amateur radio topics/programs - what is your favorite site(s) for Raspberry Pi 3 
> information?
> 
> I am also looking for some sort of self-running SENSE HAT demo that I can hold up and 
> "WOW!" audiences as I explain that this is the exact same hardware that's aboard the ISS 
> during presentations.
> 
> Many thanks.
> 
> Clint Bradford K6LCS
> 9909-999-SATS (7287)
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From ko6th.greg at gmail.com  Thu Oct 27 18:07:23 2016
From: ko6th.greg at gmail.com (Greg D)
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2016 11:07:23 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Request for Satyabamasat CW beacon Signal
In-Reply-To: <20161026091010.CD30282BB@lansing182.amsat.org>
References: <20161026091010.CD30282BB@lansing182.amsat.org>
Message-ID: <5812425B.5040407@gmail.com>

Hi Mani,

Just had a nice overhead pass here in CM98, but nothing heard.  Listened
to both 145.980 +/- as requested, and also 145.890 which is where my
Gpredict satellite software seems to think the downlink should be (but
no idea how it "knows" this).

I used the Keps from Celestrak for the pass.

Hope all is well on the bird, and that the issue is on my end.

Greg  KO6TH


Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS] wrote:
> Dear Friends,
> Hereby request you all to kindly listen to Satyabamasat CW beacon and to
> send the audio file to my mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
>
> The latest keps for Satyabamasat is available in N2YO site
>
> The COSPAR Designator is: 2016-040-B
> NORAD No                          : 41600
>
> CW Beacon Frequency      : 145.980 Mhz
>
> Thanks in advance
>  Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS]
> Secretary & Station-In-Charge
> Upagrah Amateur Radio Club VU2URC
> ISRO Satellite Centre
> HAL Airport Road, Bangalore-560 017.
> Phone:(Office)91-80-25082598/25082054/25082192
> Mobile:  91-9880 341 456
> E-mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
>            vu2wmy_mani at yahoo.com
>            isrohams at yahoo.com
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Confidentiality Notice: This e-mail message, including any
> attachments, is for
> the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential
> and
> privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
> distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please
> contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original
> message.
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From godetj at wanadoo.fr  Thu Oct 27 20:22:22 2016
From: godetj at wanadoo.fr (Jean-Pierre Godet)
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2016 20:22:22 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Request for Satyabamasat CW beacon Signal
In-Reply-To: <5812425B.5040407@gmail.com>
References: <20161026091010.CD30282BB@lansing182.amsat.org>
	<5812425B.5040407@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <d1ee24d4-1692-437f-55ea-347b60add1d6@wanadoo.fr>

   Hello Mani, Greg and all,

   Nothing heard during the exactly overhead pass of orbit nr 1930 over 
western Europe around 1000 UTC using fresh Space-Track tle and GPredict.

   73 !

   J-P F5YG

On 27/10/2016 18:07, Greg D wrote:

> Hi Mani,
>
> Just had a nice overhead pass here in CM98, but nothing heard.  Listened
> to both 145.980 +/- as requested, and also 145.890 which is where my
> Gpredict satellite software seems to think the downlink should be (but
> no idea how it "knows" this).
>
> I used the Keps from Celestrak for the pass.
>
> Hope all is well on the bird, and that the issue is on my end.
>
> Greg  KO6TH
>
>
> Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS] wrote:
>> Dear Friends,
>> Hereby request you all to kindly listen to Satyabamasat CW beacon and to
>> send the audio file to my mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
>>
>> The latest keps for Satyabamasat is available in N2YO site
>>
>> The COSPAR Designator is: 2016-040-B
>> NORAD No                          : 41600
>>
>> CW Beacon Frequency      : 145.980 Mhz
>>
>> Thanks in advance
>>  Mani [VU2WMY/KJ6LRS]
>> Secretary & Station-In-Charge
>> Upagrah Amateur Radio Club VU2URC
>> ISRO Satellite Centre
>> HAL Airport Road, Bangalore-560 017.
>> Phone:(Office)91-80-25082598/25082054/25082192
>> Mobile:  91-9880 341 456
>> E-mail ID: wmy at isac.gov.in
>>            vu2wmy_mani at yahoo.com
>>            isrohams at yahoo.com
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> Confidentiality Notice: This e-mail message, including any
>> attachments, is for
>> the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential
>> and
>> privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
>> distribution is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please
>> contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original
>> message.
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From johnbrier at gmail.com  Thu Oct 27 21:27:04 2016
From: johnbrier at gmail.com (John Brier)
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2016 17:27:04 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ISS ham radio gear visible in new 4K fisheye flythrough
	tour of ISS
Message-ID: <CALn0fKPRN5m3=urrvi8m+gPUcvdMZBq_BK0iS4fO9dLFOO9-_g@mail.gmail.com>

Go to 11:10 if this doesn't automatically take you there. Look on far right.

https://youtu.be/DhmdyQdu96M?t=669

See a screenshot here:

https://twitter.com/johnbrier/status/791752422767157252

73, John Brier KG4AKV

From les at highnoonfilm.com  Thu Oct 27 22:26:03 2016
From: les at highnoonfilm.com (Les Rayburn)
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2016 17:26:03 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Before Mars--Prequel to Nat Geo's upcoming MARS Event
Message-ID: <23EA9031-AD63-419F-99B0-7ED9BA9607E9@highnoonfilm.com>

Many of you have probably seen the trailers for the upcoming six-part series, MARS. Produced by Ron Howard and Brian Glazer, this TV event begins airing in November. But Nat Geo has also released a short-film prequel to the series, called ?Before Mars? in which amateur radio, and conversations with astronauts on the ISS plays a major role. 

Good film, and great fun for any ham interested in space communications. 

https://blog.filmsupply.com/articles/inside-before-mars-nat-geo-and-variable-groundbreaking-collaboration/11?utm_source=email&utm_campaign=blog-roundup-oct-27-before-mars&utm_medium=customerio&utm_content=nat-geo-post

73,

Les Rayburn, N1LF


Les Rayburn, director
High Noon Media Services
130 1st Avenue West
Alabaster, AL 35007-8536
205-621-7500
205-621-7505 FAX
205-253-4867 CELL
highnoonfilm.com







From va6bmj at gmail.com  Fri Oct 28 03:03:45 2016
From: va6bmj at gmail.com (B J)
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2016 03:03:45 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Before Mars--Prequel to Nat Geo's upcoming MARS Event
In-Reply-To: <23EA9031-AD63-419F-99B0-7ED9BA9607E9@highnoonfilm.com>
References: <23EA9031-AD63-419F-99B0-7ED9BA9607E9@highnoonfilm.com>
Message-ID: <CAP7QzkOGY2PSAYS23CT2XQaEUzt7p2WBCBCwhecubVOi+ChO0w@mail.gmail.com>

On 10/27/16, Les Rayburn <les at highnoonfilm.com> wrote:
> Many of you have probably seen the trailers for the upcoming six-part
> series, MARS. Produced by Ron Howard and Brian Glazer, this TV event begins
> airing in November. But Nat Geo has also released a short-film prequel to
> the series, called ?Before Mars? in which amateur radio, and conversations
> with astronauts on the ISS plays a major role.
>
> Good film, and great fun for any ham interested in space communications.

<snip>

While on the subject of Mars, CBC Radio One's program "Ideas" just
finished a 2-part documentary "Generation Mars".  The podcasts are
located at:

http://podcast.cbc.ca/mp3/podcasts/ideas_20161020_19457.mp3
http://podcast.cbc.ca/mp3/podcasts/ideas_20161027_56887.mp3

The programs include conversations with experts such as Dr. Robert Zubrin.

73s

Bernhard VA6BMJ @ DO33FL

From johnbrier at gmail.com  Fri Oct 28 04:06:07 2016
From: johnbrier at gmail.com (John Brier)
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2016 00:06:07 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Before Mars--Prequel to Nat Geo's upcoming MARS Event
In-Reply-To: <CAP7QzkOGY2PSAYS23CT2XQaEUzt7p2WBCBCwhecubVOi+ChO0w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <23EA9031-AD63-419F-99B0-7ED9BA9607E9@highnoonfilm.com>
	<CAP7QzkOGY2PSAYS23CT2XQaEUzt7p2WBCBCwhecubVOi+ChO0w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CALn0fKOkN7gdsh8pap7WV++KVk2148Ps84f1X4+BT2f0j--2Pg@mail.gmail.com>

I watched it! It was great!

She doesn't get her license though. Hehe.

It's on YouTube.

73, John Brier KG4AKV
On Oct 27, 2016 11:03 PM, "B J" <va6bmj at gmail.com> wrote:

> On 10/27/16, Les Rayburn <les at highnoonfilm.com> wrote:
> > Many of you have probably seen the trailers for the upcoming six-part
> > series, MARS. Produced by Ron Howard and Brian Glazer, this TV event
> begins
> > airing in November. But Nat Geo has also released a short-film prequel to
> > the series, called ?Before Mars? in which amateur radio, and
> conversations
> > with astronauts on the ISS plays a major role.
> >
> > Good film, and great fun for any ham interested in space communications.
>
> <snip>
>
> While on the subject of Mars, CBC Radio One's program "Ideas" just
> finished a 2-part documentary "Generation Mars".  The podcasts are
> located at:
>
> http://podcast.cbc.ca/mp3/podcasts/ideas_20161020_19457.mp3
> http://podcast.cbc.ca/mp3/podcasts/ideas_20161027_56887.mp3
>
> The programs include conversations with experts such as Dr. Robert Zubrin.
>
> 73s
>
> Bernhard VA6BMJ @ DO33FL
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From kl7uw at acsalaska.net  Fri Oct 28 06:04:29 2016
From: kl7uw at acsalaska.net (Edward R Cole)
Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2016 22:04:29 -0800
Subject: [amsat-bb] Before Mars--Prequel to Nat Geo's upcoming
Message-ID: <201610280605.u9S658im004846@mail40c28.carrierzone.com>

Thanks for the link, really enjoyed that - hope I can catch the Mars story.

Amazing to me is this "almost" exactly how I discovered ham radio at 
age 12.  I was visiting the home of some friends and noticed a 
strange radio they had, a Zenith Transoceanic table model.  Noticed 
it had several bands and one said "police" so I said why don't we see 
if we can hear any cops?  Well heard nothing at 5 on the dial (5-MHz) 
so began tuning around and came across a whole bunch of people 
talking about 4 on the dial (75m phone).

And that caught my interest that ordinary people were talking on a 
radio.  I eventually found out it was ham radio and a year later, 
after saving allowance six months I bought a 3-tube receiver 
kit.  That led to finding out about a ham radio class at the school 
in a neighboring town which I got my dad to take me to.  The teacher 
became my elmer and administered my Novice exam - license KN8MWA Nov.11, 1958

I was already interested in space travel and that lead me into 
electronics which I studied to be an EE starting in 1962.  In July 
1971 I began working as a young engineer for NASA at Goldstone.

Funny where an interest in ham radio takes you.

73, Ed - KL7UW

73, Ed - KL7UW
http://www.kl7uw.com
     "Kits made by KL7UW"
Dubus Mag business:
     dubususa at gmail.com


From jay.aa4fl at gmail.com  Fri Oct 28 18:05:52 2016
From: jay.aa4fl at gmail.com (Jay Garlitz)
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2016 14:05:52 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] last chance for schedules VP5
Message-ID: <CAPLjiQL3bOQoCiv=gsHrxGx8v5havz1e_mS-xj8MQFpNUfHZ_Q@mail.gmail.com>

Since Oct. 17 I have worked about 115 stations in 70 grids from 11
countries.  All have been uploaded to LOTW.  50 grids have been confirmed
by LOTW.

It is time for me to join the CQWW team at VP5DX.  I will not be available
for SAT contacts this weekend.

If you still need FL41cu and/or VP5 I will consider requests for schedules
Monday Oct. 31 after 2000z, and all day Nov. 1st. (I depart early Nov.
2nd). Contact me at my qrz e-mail address.

73, Jay VP5/AA4FL

From pa3weg at amsat.org  Fri Oct 28 19:06:45 2016
From: pa3weg at amsat.org (wouter weggelaar)
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2016 21:06:45 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] FUNcube-1 (AO-73) mode change
Message-ID: <CAKXf1rErgR16jQk1M3WimOyaaAuL4rheHqPYtkVdUd1ppJD-_w@mail.gmail.com>

Hi All,

Just to confirm that FC1 is now in continuous transponder mode for the weekend.
Enjoy the transponder!

73
Wouter
PA3WEG

From wageners at gmail.com  Fri Oct 28 20:16:06 2016
From: wageners at gmail.com (Stefan Wagener)
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2016 22:16:06 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] FUNcube-1 (AO-73) mode change
In-Reply-To: <CAKXf1rErgR16jQk1M3WimOyaaAuL4rheHqPYtkVdUd1ppJD-_w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKXf1rErgR16jQk1M3WimOyaaAuL4rheHqPYtkVdUd1ppJD-_w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <2AFB0FDD-B30B-4F6E-B188-5B116CFA1B3D@gmail.com>

Hi Wouter,

I always read your messages and while I currently do not have much time for the birds, I certainly very much appreciate your efforts. 
Thank you!

Stefan, VE4NSA


Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 28, 2016, at 9:06 PM, wouter weggelaar <pa3weg at amsat.org> wrote:
> 
> Hi All,
> 
> Just to confirm that FC1 is now in continuous transponder mode for the weekend.
> Enjoy the transponder!
> 
> 73
> Wouter
> PA3WEG
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From vk2fak at gmail.com  Sat Oct 29 02:13:27 2016
From: vk2fak at gmail.com (John Mac)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 02:13:27 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Satellite TLE data
Message-ID: <CANiF7qOUiUJBUsKS3aM9DJ+sCp37+_4-EQM7ha27Ngk=u23_OA@mail.gmail.com>

Hi all..

I am guessing this has been mentioned before on here, but I would have
missed it.

I am curious to know why all Satelite TLE data can't be found in the
few databases available, the obvious ones being OOREAS, Aeneas and a
few others..

A couple of the guys provide the data....but still interested to know
why, and is this going to be a continuing trend...?

John

From jim at beeson.cc  Sat Oct 29 02:27:19 2016
From: jim at beeson.cc (jim at beeson.cc)
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2016 22:27:19 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users
Message-ID: <78db0dac5bd75282d1c35f32722db22e.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>




I use Nova for Windows to track birds. I had to re-install it recently. I have forgotten how to install a new bird, like A0-85, with the current Keplerian elements. Help please??

From johnbrier at gmail.com  Sat Oct 29 03:01:04 2016
From: johnbrier at gmail.com (John Brier)
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2016 23:01:04 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Article about ham radio that mentions ARISS from the
 "Mars" Nat Geo TV series website
Message-ID: <CALn0fKMjQP+yB8N2=MQc1CN+1fNj+1-uf5zXWrJJ9zV5JO4i9w@mail.gmail.com>

http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/mars/articles/a-guide-to-ham-radio/

BTW, you can watch the first episode of "Mars" (not the backstory, see the
other email for that) here:

http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/mars/videos/novo-mundo/

73, John Brier KG4AKV

From jim at beeson.cc  Sat Oct 29 03:03:34 2016
From: jim at beeson.cc (jim at beeson.cc)
Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2016 23:03:34 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users - new sats in
	Database
In-Reply-To: <78db0dac5bd75282d1c35f32722db22e.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
References: <78db0dac5bd75282d1c35f32722db22e.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
Message-ID: <254d45b7addb820dfc84552a10f8d562.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>






I asked the question wrong below. How do I get the new sats, like AO-85 & SO-50 into the Amateur Database?
?
---------------------------- Original Message ----------------------------

Subject: Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users

From: jim at beeson.cc

Date: Fri, October 28, 2016 10:27 pm

To: amsat-bb at amsat.org

Cc: "jim" <jim at beeson.cc>

--------------------------------------------------------------------------



>

>

>

> I use Nova for Windows to track birds. I had to re-install it recently. I have forgotten how to install a new bird, like A0-85, with the current Keplerian elements. Help please??

>

From va3kkz at amsat.org  Sat Oct 29 04:53:50 2016
From: va3kkz at amsat.org (Daniel Kekez)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 04:53:50 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Satellite TLE data
In-Reply-To: <CANiF7qOUiUJBUsKS3aM9DJ+sCp37+_4-EQM7ha27Ngk=u23_OA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CANiF7qOUiUJBUsKS3aM9DJ+sCp37+_4-EQM7ha27Ngk=u23_OA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1d19eb33-e1ae-09ec-408e-5eea1b3d95d9@amsat.org>

On 10/29/2016 02:13, John Mac wrote:
> I am curious to know why all Satelite TLE data can't be found in the
> few databases available, the obvious ones being OOREAS, Aeneas and a
> few others..
> 
> A couple of the guys provide the data....but still interested to know
> why, and is this going to be a continuing trend...?

If the satellite was a secondary payload on a classified launch (e.g.
one where the primary payload was a satellite for the Department of
Defence or the National Reconnaissance Office), then the TLEs for all
the payloads are not published in the open on Space-Track or Celestrak.
The satellite operators will receive TLEs for their satellite and they
may choose to release that information.

O/OREOS launched with the DoD mission STPSAT-2, also known as USA 217.
Aeneas launched with the NRO mission NROL-36. Even AO-85 (FOX-1A) has
this problem because it launched on the same Atlas V rocket as AEHF-3
(USA 246) for the US Air Force; however, AMSAT-NA releases AO-85's TLE
on their website.

I expect the trend to continue in the near term for missions that fly
with US government military/reconnaissance satellites. If the mission is
on deployed from a commercial launch or from the International Space
Station, then the TLEs will get published.

Regards,
-Daniel VA3KKZ

From wa4sca at gmail.com  Sat Oct 29 13:17:50 2016
From: wa4sca at gmail.com (Alan)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 08:17:50 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] TLEs for classified launches
Message-ID: <000c01d231e6$da293b20$8e7bb160$@GMAIL.COM>

There was an interesting article on Space News which touches lightly on this:

http://spacenews.com/faa-estimates-space-traffic-management-costs-at-under-100-million/

In particular, see the last two paragraphs.  A transfer of responsibility to the FAA could conceivably
result in coverage of satellites currently restricted.  Many "IFs" in that scenario.

73s,

Alan
WA4SCA




From aa5uk at yahoo.com  Sat Oct 29 13:28:47 2016
From: aa5uk at yahoo.com (Adrian Engele)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 13:28:47 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users - new sats
	in	Database
In-Reply-To: <254d45b7addb820dfc84552a10f8d562.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
References: <78db0dac5bd75282d1c35f32722db22e.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
	<254d45b7addb820dfc84552a10f8d562.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
Message-ID: <273293384.239999.1477747727506@mail.yahoo.com>

Jim,
You will need to do a manual import. I am using Firefox to describe download. 

Go to : http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ftp/keps/current/nasabare.txtDo a Right Click Save Page to a location of your choice. Folder, Desktop, etc.

Save it and then open it. In my case I had to change the font to a smaller font and then resave it for some reason as Nova would not take it. 
Then in Nova go to Keps Elements >Disk File update>Manual update from File. Point to the file. That will import the latest keps from AMSAT.
You will then have to set up AO-85 in your Amateur Group. I assume you know how to do that. It is covered in the Nova Manual. SO-50 should already be in the Nova database. While AO-85 is not. 

Good luck 73, Adrian AA5UK

      From: "jim at beeson.cc" <jim at beeson.cc>
 To: amsat-bb <amsat-bb at amsat.org>; jim <jim at beeson.cc> 
 Sent: Friday, October 28, 2016 10:03 PM
 Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users - new sats in Database
   





I asked the question wrong below. How do I get the new sats, like AO-85 & SO-50 into the Amateur Database?
?---------------------------- Original Message ----------------------------

Subject: Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users

From: jim at beeson.cc

Date: Fri, October 28, 2016 10:27 pm

To: amsat-bb at amsat.org

Cc: "jim" <jim at beeson.cc>

--------------------------------------------------------------------------



>

>

>

> I use Nova for Windows to track birds. I had to re-install it recently. I have forgotten how to install a new bird, like A0-85, with the current Keplerian elements. Help please??

>

_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


   

From nss at mwt.net  Sat Oct 29 14:03:52 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 09:03:52 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users - new sats in
	Database
In-Reply-To: <273293384.239999.1477747727506@mail.yahoo.com>
References: <78db0dac5bd75282d1c35f32722db22e.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
	<254d45b7addb820dfc84552a10f8d562.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
	<273293384.239999.1477747727506@mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <354117d6-4f3f-56ac-5aff-1fcfbe76a3a3@mwt.net>

I installed Nova, But when I try to run it, I get this error.


Suggestions?

Joe WB9SBD
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/29/2016 8:28 AM, Adrian Engele via AMSAT-BB wrote:
> Jim,
> You will need to do a manual import. I am using Firefox to describe download.
>
> Go to : http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ftp/keps/current/nasabare.txtDo a Right Click Save Page to a location of your choice. Folder, Desktop, etc.
>
> Save it and then open it. In my case I had to change the font to a smaller font and then resave it for some reason as Nova would not take it.
> Then in Nova go to Keps Elements >Disk File update>Manual update from File. Point to the file. That will import the latest keps from AMSAT.
> You will then have to set up AO-85 in your Amateur Group. I assume you know how to do that. It is covered in the Nova Manual. SO-50 should already be in the Nova database. While AO-85 is not.
>
> Good luck 73, Adrian AA5UK
>
>        From: "jim at beeson.cc" <jim at beeson.cc>
>   To: amsat-bb <amsat-bb at amsat.org>; jim <jim at beeson.cc>
>   Sent: Friday, October 28, 2016 10:03 PM
>   Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users - new sats in Database
>     
>
>
>
>
>
> I asked the question wrong below. How do I get the new sats, like AO-85 & SO-50 into the Amateur Database?
> ?---------------------------- Original Message ----------------------------
>
> Subject: Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users
>
> From: jim at beeson.cc
>
> Date: Fri, October 28, 2016 10:27 pm
>
> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
>
> Cc: "jim" <jim at beeson.cc>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
>> I use Nova for Windows to track birds. I had to re-install it recently. I have forgotten how to install a new bird, like A0-85, with the current Keplerian elements. Help please??
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
>
>     
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From nss at mwt.net  Sat Oct 29 16:28:34 2016
From: nss at mwt.net (Joe)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 11:28:34 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users - new sats in
	Database
In-Reply-To: <354117d6-4f3f-56ac-5aff-1fcfbe76a3a3@mwt.net>
References: <78db0dac5bd75282d1c35f32722db22e.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
	<254d45b7addb820dfc84552a10f8d562.squirrel@webmail04.register.com>
	<273293384.239999.1477747727506@mail.yahoo.com>
	<354117d6-4f3f-56ac-5aff-1fcfbe76a3a3@mwt.net>
Message-ID: <7321ce4a-1e58-048f-7086-bca756a2b4db@mwt.net>

Ok forgot list removes images. here is a link to the image of the error.

http://i63.tinypic.com/2v2yywn.jpg

Joe WB9SBD
Sig
The Original Rolling Ball Clock
Idle Tyme
Idle-Tyme.com
http://www.idle-tyme.com
On 10/29/2016 9:03 AM, Joe wrote:
> I installed Nova, But when I try to run it, I get this error.
>
>
> Suggestions?
>
> Joe WB9SBD
> Sig
> The Original Rolling Ball Clock
> Idle Tyme
> Idle-Tyme.com
> http://www.idle-tyme.com
> On 10/29/2016 8:28 AM, Adrian Engele via AMSAT-BB wrote:
>> Jim,
>> You will need to do a manual import. I am using Firefox to describe 
>> download.
>>
>> Go to : http://www.amsat.org/amsat/ftp/keps/current/nasabare.txtDo a 
>> Right Click Save Page to a location of your choice. Folder, Desktop, 
>> etc.
>>
>> Save it and then open it. In my case I had to change the font to a 
>> smaller font and then resave it for some reason as Nova would not 
>> take it.
>> Then in Nova go to Keps Elements >Disk File update>Manual update from 
>> File. Point to the file. That will import the latest keps from AMSAT.
>> You will then have to set up AO-85 in your Amateur Group. I assume 
>> you know how to do that. It is covered in the Nova Manual. SO-50 
>> should already be in the Nova database. While AO-85 is not.
>>
>> Good luck 73, Adrian AA5UK
>>
>>        From: "jim at beeson.cc" <jim at beeson.cc>
>>   To: amsat-bb <amsat-bb at amsat.org>; jim <jim at beeson.cc>
>>   Sent: Friday, October 28, 2016 10:03 PM
>>   Subject: Re: [amsat-bb] Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users - new sats 
>> in Database
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> I asked the question wrong below. How do I get the new sats, like 
>> AO-85 & SO-50 into the Amateur Database?
>> ?---------------------------- Original Message 
>> ----------------------------
>>
>> Subject: Nova for Windows ver 2.1v users
>>
>> From: jim at beeson.cc
>>
>> Date: Fri, October 28, 2016 10:27 pm
>>
>> To: amsat-bb at amsat.org
>>
>> Cc: "jim" <jim at beeson.cc>
>>
>> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>> I use Nova for Windows to track birds. I had to re-install it 
>>> recently. I have forgotten how to install a new bird, like A0-85, 
>>> with the current Keplerian elements. Help please??
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>>
>>
>>     _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. 
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views 
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


From pa3weg at amsat.org  Sat Oct 29 20:23:06 2016
From: pa3weg at amsat.org (wouter weggelaar)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 22:23:06 +0200
Subject: [amsat-bb] FUNcube-1 (AO-73) mode change
In-Reply-To: <2AFB0FDD-B30B-4F6E-B188-5B116CFA1B3D@gmail.com>
References: <CAKXf1rErgR16jQk1M3WimOyaaAuL4rheHqPYtkVdUd1ppJD-_w@mail.gmail.com>
	<2AFB0FDD-B30B-4F6E-B188-5B116CFA1B3D@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAKXf1rF2H38nHwiTap-2f7531Qu-eCo5a7qme0fWX6z6FiZX7Q@mail.gmail.com>

Thanks for your compliments Stefan.

I am glad we can do something for the community!
Its not only me, but the whole FUNcube team you have to thank. Without
them, AO-73 would not be there.

73

Wouter PA3WEG

On Fri, Oct 28, 2016 at 10:16 PM, Stefan Wagener <wageners at gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi Wouter,
>
> I always read your messages and while I currently do not have much time for the birds, I certainly very much appreciate your efforts.
> Thank you!
>
> Stefan, VE4NSA
>
>
> Sent from my iPhone
>
>> On Oct 28, 2016, at 9:06 PM, wouter weggelaar <pa3weg at amsat.org> wrote:
>>
>> Hi All,
>>
>> Just to confirm that FC1 is now in continuous transponder mode for the weekend.
>> Enjoy the transponder!
>>
>> 73
>> Wouter
>> PA3WEG
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From rs2atmink at yahoo.com  Sat Oct 29 21:59:33 2016
From: rs2atmink at yahoo.com (Robert Switzer)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 21:59:33 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [amsat-bb] Free content from six satellites via Outernet (APRS?)
In-Reply-To: <CAF3DnKig4AhR=C6cBaE0QU_tLfa8iUvEPfu3h8TjYX7UN0LG_Q@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAF3DnKig4AhR=C6cBaE0QU_tLfa8iUvEPfu3h8TjYX7UN0LG_Q@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1340668483.332572.1477778373316@mail.yahoo.com>

I picked up the DIY kit w/CHIP, connected and powered it up.
Setup for North America, it's setup outside however, I really don't know what I'm looking at or for.
Connect to the outernet wifi, but trying to connect with my browser yields:
"Your receiver doesn't seem to have reported in. Err: null"
Is that telling me whatever satellite I'm looking for isn't really there?
Rob KA2CZU


    On Wednesday, March 2, 2016 6:37 AM, Daniel Cussen <dan at post.com> wrote:
 

 On 02/03/2016, Outernet Team <hello at outernet.is> wrote:
> Is that mini geo definitely going up? If so, when is the launch? The idea
> you are proposing makes sense. We have three UHF cubesats that should be
> complete by May. I'm sure there are ways to work together on that.

It is part of a large geostationary satellite due to launch at the end of 2016
http://www.spacex.com/missions
https://spacexstats.com/missions/future
I assume at this stage all the equipment is more or less ready waiting
for the launch. It is listed on this page as late 2016:

Many European stations are getting ready to receive signals with a
slightly modified TV LNB, connected to around a 1m dish. Narrow band
uplink will probably need a 1m dish and a 10W amplifier on 2300Mhz.
Wideband DVB-S uplink is possible but I assume it would need a much
larger dish. There is a narrow band DVB-S format with reduced
bit-rate. I have lots of experience in this area.
_______________________________________________
Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb


   

From mccardelm at gmail.com  Sat Oct 29 23:12:07 2016
From: mccardelm at gmail.com (E.Mike McCardel)
Date: Sat, 29 Oct 2016 19:12:07 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] ANS-304 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins
Message-ID: <CAM5+sosdMdE_f=FCeKN8hFbhsBwD1evH9ZAsuDyObe1zy9nUkA@mail.gmail.com>

AMSAT NEWS SERVICE
ANS-304

The AMSAT News Service bulletins are a free, weekly news and infor-
mation service of AMSAT North America, The Radio Amateur Satellite
Corporation. ANS publishes news related to Amateur Radio in Space
including reports on the activities of a worldwide group of Amateur
Radio operators who share an active interest in designing, building,
launching and communicating through analog and digital Amateur Radio
satellites.

The news feed on http://www.amsat.org publishes news of Amateur
Radio in Space as soon as our volunteers can post it.

Please send any amateur satellite news or reports to:
ans-editor at amsat.org.

In this edition:

* SO-50 Experiences Terrestrial Interference in 2M Satellite Sub-Band
* ARISS-International Face to Face Meeting Agenda
* ARISS Twist Presented in National Geographic's Mars Prequel, "Before
  Mars"
* SDR Workshop in South Africa
* Announcing the 14th Annual CubeSat Developers? Workshop
* 2017 Eastern VHF/UHF/Microwave Conference, Call for Papers
* Call for Papers, 1st IAA Latin American Symposium on Small
  Satellites
* Satellite Activation Dry Tortugas National Park
* 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium at Sea RegisterBy Nov. 4
* ARISS News
* Satellite Shorts From All Over


SB SAT @ AMSAT $ANS-304.01
ANS-304 AMSAT News Service Weekly Bulletins

AMSAT News Service Bulletin 304.01
>From AMSAT HQ KENSINGTON, MD.
October 30, 2016
To All RADIO AMATEURS
BID: $ANS-304.01


SO-50 Experiences Terrestrial Interference in 2M Satellite Sub-Band

Recently communications through the SO-50 satellite, over North
America, have been compromised due to a terrestrial station using
145.850 MHz, the uplink frequency for SO-50. The station appears to
be located in the southeastern United States.

Amateur operators are reminded that the 145.800 MHz - 146.000 MHz
segment of the two meter band is reserved for amateur satellite
communications. Amateur stations should not be using this segment for
simplex communications, repeater links, or Echolink/IRLP nodes due to
the high likelihood of interference with amateur satellite
operations.

[ANS thanks Paul N8HM for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARISS-International Face to Face Meeting Agenda

AMSAT V.P. for Human Spaceflight Programs and ARISS International
Chair Frank Bauer KA3HDO, recently announced via the AMSAT-BB stating
that those who have expressed interest in the ARISS meeting
previously have received the latest ARISS meeting information.  He
has also included a "near final" draft for the ARISS meeting in
Houston. It can be downloaded at:
http://tinyurl.com/ANS304-ARISS-I-Agenda

Frank goes on to say, "As you review this, I think you can see that
we have some really exciting topics that we will be discussing and
working through, as a team.  Most importantly, we will be celebrating
our 20th anniversary as a team.  For those not aware, 20 years ago,
in November 1996, an international group interested in installing and
operating a ham radio station on the ISS met at the NASA Johnson
Space Center in Houston and, per NASA's direction, formed an
international working group called ARISS.  And the rest is history!!

"Because we have so many things to address at our ARISS-I meeting,
we have divided our discussions into 3 primary categories:  1)
Hardware Development, 2) Education and 3) Sustainability and Funding.
As you can see in the agenda, we will be conducting two sessions
simultaneously like is done in a conference. We will also have
plenary sessions, where the entire team will attend, to discuss
topics that impact the entire, world-wide team.

"If you are still interested in attending the meeting, you are
welcome to come.  Please let me know (directly, KA3HDO (at)
amsat.org) of your interest.

"I thank you all for your interest in and support to our magnificent
program. It is amazing what we have accomplished in 20 years!  It
will be exciting to see what we will do in the next 20!!"

[ANS thanks Frank KA3HDO for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARISS Twist Presented in National Geographic's Mars Prequel, "Before
Mars"

National Geographic released the first trailer for the fall
release of its ambitious new event series today, MARS. The hybrid,
scripted docuseries will be a six-part story about colonizing the
red planet.

The trailer begins with an appropriately moody narration by a woman
over the image of an Earth, and as the camera pulls back, we see
it?s a depiction of Earth on a spaceship named Daedalus, after the
mythological Greek craftsman who created wings for his son, Icarus.
As the CGI ship veers into the crimson orbit of Mars, their mission
is revealed: to make the planet a new home.

MARS, which will premiere in November, is produced by Ron Howard and
Brian Grazer?s Imagine Entertainment and RadicalMedia, and it will
be the centerpiece of Nat Geo?s big media push. MARS will combine
documentary sequences about real-life efforts to travel and colonize
Mars, with a dramatized story in which two Asian-American astronauts
venture to Mars in 2033.

A digital-only prequel series, Before Mars, will focus on the two
astronauts before they ship off planet. Joon and Hana Seung are twin
sisters who find themselves in a rural American town after
relocating with their mother. One of the sisters finds a ham radio
which allows her to befriend a female astronaut on the International
Space Station. Before Mars will be directed by Lloyd Lee Choi, while
MARS will be directed by Everado Gout.

There is currently no release date for the Before Mars prequel
series.

The video can be viewed via YouTube at:
https://youtu.be/mPuTlZYDbh4

National Geographic has also published an article "A GUIDE TO HAM
RADIO, Can Ham Radios Really Talk to Space? And Other Answers" by
Patrick J. Kiger which can be veiwed at:
http://tinyurl.com/ANS304-NationalGeographic

[ANS thanks www.inverse.com and the National Geographic for the
above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


SDR Workshop in South Africa

Hans van de Groenendaal, ZS6AKV, says that the Software Defined
Radio workshop on Saturday 26 November will get you going with SDR
projects. The workshop hosted by AMSAT-SA in co-operation with the
SARL features presentations on the SDR basics, and how to get
started. Anton Janovsky ZR6AIC will demonstrate a SDR repeater he has
developed using a dongle and a Raspberry Pi. Cor Rademeyer ZS6CR will
talk about a SDR transponder for incorporation in a CubeSat. There
will also be an update on the Kletskous project.

The cost is R20 for refreshments plus a donation to the Kletskous
Development Fund. For the full programme and details of how to book
visit www.amsatsa.org.za. Payment can be made in advance or in cash
at the door. Please use the booking form to assist the organisers
with venue and catering arrangements. The workshop starts with
registration at 9 am, the programme starts at 09:30 and ends at 13:00.

[ANS thanks the SARL weekly news in English 2016-10-29 for the above
information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


Announcing the 14th Annual CubeSat Developers? Workshop

The CubeSat Workshop Team is excited to announce that the 14th
Annual CubeSat Developers? Workshop dates are set for April 26-28,
2017. The workshop will be held in a larger, improved location on Cal
Poly?s campus in San Luis Obispo, CA.

Abstract Submission for presentations is now OPEN! The link to
submit on our website is http://www.cubesat.org/workshop-abstract.
Abstracts should be under 500 words and should cover the ideas
addressed and the objective of the presentation. Most importantly,
any topic is welcome! The deadline for abstract submittal is DECEMBER
16, 2016.

Registration for the Workshop will be open shortly.
Registration costs are as follows:
Early Bird Professional (3 day pass/Banquet): $375
Professional (3 day pass/Banquet): $475
Student (3 day pass/Banquet): $150
Early Bird Professional (1 day pass): $160
Professional (1 day pass): $200
Please Note: The Early Bird Prices will end March 17, 2017.

Sponsorship: Available Soon!
If you are interested in demonstrating your support to the CubeSat
Community? Gain exposure at the workshop, and help the Cal Poly
CubeSat Program create an engaging workshop for representatives from
industry and universities from around the world. Sponsorship
opportunities will be available soon, and the CubeSat Workshop Team
will send out an announcement as soon as they are ready.

Please contact cubesat.workshop (at) gmail.com with any questions.

[ANS thanks The CubeSat Workshop Team for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


2017 Eastern VHF/UHF/Microwave Conference, Call for Papers

First call for papers and presentations

2017 Eastern VHF/UHF/Microwave Conference
April 21-23, 2017
Baymont Inn, Manchester, CT

Papers sought on all VHF and up activities:
Operating, Contests, Propagation, Antennas, Amplifiers, Low-noise
Preamps, Homebrewing, Microwaves, EME, Arduinos, whatever you've been
doing.

Plenty of time to write up your winter projects -
just take some pictures as you go.

Inquiries to w1ghz (at) arrl.net

[ANS thanks Paul Wade, W1GHZ via the Microwave List for the above
information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


Call for Papers, 1st IAA Latin American Symposium on Small Satellites

We would like to invite you to contribute a paper for presentation
at the 1st IAA Latin American Symposium on Small Satellites: Advanced
Technologies and Distributed Systems, March 7 - 10, 2017, San Mart?n,
Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Please send your abstract to mlapiana at unsam.edu.ar
  By the January 20, 2017 deadline.

The International Academy of Astronautics? symposium is hosted by
Colomb Institute (Universidad Nacional de San Mart?n and Comisi?n
Nacional de Actividades Espaciales)

OBJECTIVE
To provide a forum for scientists, engineers, managers and students,
to exchange information about small satellites. Topics will cover the
technological state of the art and the planned and on-going programs
and missions. It will have a worldwide vision, but focused on the
needs and developments of Latin America, and it is open to a general
view but with emphasis on advanced technologies and distributed
platforms and payloads.

SESSIONS
    Small Satellites worldwide: achievements and trends.
    Small Satellites in Latin America: achievements and trends.
    Ongoing and projected Small Satellite projects with Latin
     American participation.
    Segmented architecture and Distributed Instruments.
    Small Satellite technologies.

ABSTRACT SUBMISSION
You are invited to contribute a paper for presentation at the
Symposium. A one-page, single-spaced abstract of no less than 500
words is needed.

Student papers are encouraged.

For more detailed information, please visit the IAA website at:
http://iaaweb.org/content/view/670/882/

Or the Symposium website at:
http://www.unsam.edu.ar/institutos/colomb/IAA.asp

[ANS thanks the International Academy of Astronautics? Office for
the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


Satellite Activation Dry Tortugas National Park

IOTA NEWS ... NA-079

Operators Rob/K2RWF and Craig/KD2INN will be active as W2LI from Dry
Tortugas (NPOTA NP17, WW Grid EL84, WWF KFF-0023) between November 13-
14th (1600z to 1700z).

They will be operating from the Dry Tortugas National Park.

Activity will be on 80-6 meters using SSB and the Digital modes (PSK
and JT65/9). They will also attempt to work applicable satellite
passes of SO50, AO85, FO29, AO73, and XW satellites. The group plans
to work off of simple wire antennas, barefoot at 100 watts.

All logs will be uploaded to LoTW. QSL direct (please consider
sending SASE that will fit a 4x6 card) for a special event QSL card
via AJ2I. QSL via the Bureau for DX via AJ2I. For busted calls please
contact AJ2I direct.

[ANS thanks Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin #1288 for the above information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


2016 AMSAT Space Symposium at Sea Register By Nov. 4

If you are an Individual attending Symposium on board the CARNIVAL
LIBERTY departing Galveston, TX on November 10,  you must register to
attend the AMSAT Space Symposium & Annual Meeting through AMSAT.
Cruise arrangements made through Carnival Cruise Lines does not
include the registration fee for the Symposium itself.

There are three options to register for Symposium:

-Complete and mail to the AMSAT Office the 2016 Symposium
Registration Form that was sent to all AMSAT members back in July
along with the BoD ballot along with payment;

-Call the AMSAT Office (301-822-4376) and speak with AMSAT Office
Manager Martha Saragovitz;

or

-Use the AMSAT Store (store.amsat.org) by selecting the ?2016 AMSAT-
NA Symposium Registration? link found under ?Bestsellers? on the
right hand side of the store?s main page.

Registration for the Symposium is $40.00 and includes a copy of the
?Proceedings? that contains papers written for the Symposium as well
as technical documentation that AMSAT is placing in the public
domain.  The ?Proceedings? will be available to attendees onboard
ship.  In addition, the registration provides a means to confirm the
number of individuals in your party planning to attend the AMSAT
Banquet as well as an opportunity to reserve seats for the Field Ops
Breakfast.  Both meals are open to anyone wishing to attend (AMSAT
Registration is not necessary) and there is no charge for either
event as food is included in your cruise package.  However,
byindicating how many individuals will be attending, it helps to
ensure that sufficient seating is made available for each activity.

As the AMSAT Office will not be open after Monday, 7 NOV 16 through
that week, we ask that your Symposium Registration be received at the
AMSAT office by Friday, 4 NOV 16.

[ANS thanks 2016 AMSAT Space Symposium Committee for the above
information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


ARISS News

There were no scheduled contacts this past week.

Upcoming ARISS Contact Schedule as of 2016-10-25  03:30 UTC

Quick list of scheduled contacts and  events:

Istituto Comprensivo ?Marco da Melo?, Mel, Italy, direct  via I3XFY
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be OR4ISS
The  scheduled astronaut is Shane Kimbrough KE5HOD
Contact is a go for: Fri  2016-11-04 08:47:20 UTC

Students in Ingushetia,  Russia, direct via TBD
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be  RS?ISS
The scheduled astronaut is Andrei Borisenko
Contact is  a go for 2016-11-03 08:06 UTC

Exp. 49 on orbit.  Welcome  aboard!
Shane Kimbrough KE5HOD
Andrei Borisenko
Sergey  Ryzhikov

[ANS thanks ARISS, Charlie AJ9N and David AA4KN for the above
information]


---------------------------------------------------------------------


Satellite Shorts From All Over

+ Fall Edition of Radio Waves Now Available for Download

  The Fall 2016 edition of Radio Waves now is available. The ARRL
  publication focuses on news and articles of interest to educators
  and instructors.

  The fall issue announces the launch of the new Instructor
  Recognition Program. The article includes a link to a tutorial for
  instructors, explaining how the reporting and recognition system
  will work. A separate tutorial that explains the new management
  information features of the system is available on YouTube. Section
  Managers are encouraged to check this out.

  Other highlights of the fall issue are ?Building Blocks Illustrate
  Basic Electronics,? ?Ham Radio Flies High as Summer Camp at Kopernik
  Observatory,? an update on recent ARISS activities, Instructor
  Corner ? News, Ideas, Support, ARRL Education & Technology Program
  news, and a report on the 2016 summer Teachers Institutes.

  To receive Radio Waves, register as an ARRL Instructor;
  http://www.arrl.org/license-instructor-registration, or Teacher;
  http://www.arrl.org/teacher-registration, or edit your personal
  profile, on the ARRL site, and select Radio Waves as one of your e-
  mail subscriptions.

  Download Radio Waves Fall 2016
  http://tinyurl.com/ANS304-RadiWaves-Fall2016

  Previous issues are at
  http://www.arrl.org/radio-waves

  [ANS thanks the ARRL for the above information]

+ White House initiative pushes for more tiny satellites

  NASA and other agencies are giving microsatellites the resources
  they need to thrive.

  Miniature satellites are increasingly a big deal, and for good
  reasons: they're not only less expensive and easier to deploy than
  the giant satellites of old, but can cover wider areas. And the
  White House wants to give them a helping hand. It's launching an
  initiative that will foster small satellites with the resources
  they need to flourish.

  To start, NASA is not only proposing as much as $30 million toward
  purchasing data from these tiny vessels, but creating a Small
  Spacecraft Virtual Institute that will offer know-how to
  organizations.

  A more direct effort has the National Geospatial-Intelligence
  Agency awarding Planet a $20 million contract for a fleet of small
  satellites that can capture images of "at least" 85 percent of the
  planet every 15 days.

  Read the full story at
  http://tinyurl.com/ANS304-WhiteHouse

  [ANS thanks Stephen, G7VFY via Southgate ARN for the above
   information]

+ Achieving Science with CubeSats Available for Free Download

  "Achieving Science with CubeSats; Thinking Inside the Box" by
  Committee on Achieving Science Goals with CubeSats; Space Studies
  Board; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences; National
  Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, ios available for
  download as a PDF.

  Space-based observations have transformed our understanding of
  Earth, its environment, the solar system and the universe at large.
  During past decades, driven by increasingly advanced science
  questions, space observatories have become more sophisticated and
  more complex, with costs often growing to billions of dollars.
  Although these kinds of ever-more-sophisticated missions will
  continue into the future, small satellites, ranging in mass between
  500 kg to 0.1 kg, are gaining momentum as an additional means to
  address targeted science questions in a rapid, and possibly more
  affordable, manner. Within the category of small satellites,
  CubeSats have emerged as a space-platform defined in terms of
  (10cm x 10cm x 10cm)- sized cubic units of approximately 1.3 kg each
  called ?U?s.?

  Historically, CubeSats were developed as training projects to expose
  students to the challenges of real-world engineering practices and
  system design. Yet, their use has rapidly spread within academia,
  industry, and government agencies both nationally and
  internationally.

  One needs to register with NAS but register once and all the NAS
  publications are available for PDF download -- they send out a
  monthly list of new publications.

  Register and Download Achieving Science with CubeSats:
  http://tinyurl.com/ANS304-ScienceWithCubesats

  [ANS thanks Tom K3IO for the above information]

+ YouTube Video, Gaston Bertels ON4WF, Talks about ARISS Milestones

  Gaston Bertels ON4WF, Talked about ARISS Milestones during the 6th
  Polish-wide Conference of Contributors and Sympathizes of ARISS.
  A YouTube video of the address can be found at:
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ufuyki21G6M

  [ANS thanks Armand SP3QFE for the above information]

+ Before MARS, a Prequel to National Geogrphic's Series MARS

  National Geographic released the first trailer for the fall
  release of its ambitious new event series today, MARS. The hybrid,
  scripted docuseries will be a six-part story about colonizing the
  red planet.

  The trailer begins with an appropriately moody narration by a woman
  over the image of an Earth, and as the camera pulls back, we see
  it?s a depiction of Earth on a spaceship named Daedalus, after the
  mythological Greek craftsman who created wings for his son, Icarus.
  As the CGI ship veers into the crimson orbit of Mars, their mission
  is revealed: to make the planet a new home.

  MARS, which will premiere in November, is produced by Ron Howard and
  Brian Grazer?s Imagine Entertainment and RadicalMedia, and it will
  be the centerpiece of Nat Geo?s big media push. MARS will combine
  documentary sequences about real-life efforts to travel and colonize
  Mars, with a dramatized story in which two Asian-American astronauts
  venture to Mars in 2033.

  A digital-only prequel series, Before Mars, will focus on the two
  astronauts before they ship off planet. Joon and Hana Seung are twin
  sisters who find themselves in a rural American town after
  relocating with their mother. One of the sisters finds a ham radio
  which allows her to befriend a female astronaut on the International
  Space Station. Before Mars will be directed by Lloyd Lee Choi, while
  MARS will be directed by Everado Gout.

  There is currently no release date for the Before Mars prequel
  series.

  The video can be viewed via YouTube at:
  https://youtu.be/mPuTlZYDbh4


---------------------------------------------------------------------


/EX

In addition to regular membership, AMSAT offers membership in the
President's Club. Members of the President's Club, as sustaining
donors to AMSAT Project Funds, will be eligible to receive addi-
tional benefits. Application forms are available from the AMSAT
Office.

Primary and secondary school students are eligible for membership
at one-half the standard yearly rate. Post-secondary school students
enrolled in at least half time status shall be eligible for the stu-
dent rate for a maximum of 6 post-secondary years in this status.
Contact Martha at the AMSAT Office for additional student membership
information.

73,
This week's ANS Editor,
EMike McCardel, AA8EM)
aa8em at amsat dot org

From richard.siff at verizon.net  Sun Oct 30 10:37:33 2016
From: richard.siff at verizon.net (Rich/wa4bue)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 06:37:33 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Chip for LVB Tracker
Message-ID: <068B62D176654ED68E6D4B1DAC565276@BanjoPC>

K4AMG has a LVB tracker.  It lost memory and has been at least temporarily reset.  It was purchased in 2013.  The tracker and electronics are stored at another location.  I think the chip is U-1, PIC16F876.

What is a vendor source for the chip?

God Bless

R
W4BUE
Founder K4AMG
K4AMG.org

From dnkucij at myfairpoint.net  Sun Oct 30 17:05:38 2016
From: dnkucij at myfairpoint.net (Daniel "Nick" Kucij)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 13:05:38 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] For Sale: Original AMSAT Mode J Desense Filter
Message-ID: <B954B493-4FB1-4900-9E54-F84E3E0BA1DF@myfairpoint.net>

For Sale:

This is an original AMSAT Mode J Desense Filter, it was handcrafted by Joe D?Arcy, W7TYN, to the specifications described on the web page http://www.amsat.org/amsat/articles/w6shp/jfilter.html

This type of filter can be used in a Mode J satellite station (uplink on 2m, downlink on 70cm) to reduce the problem of the uplink signal desensing the receiver. The filter has low insertion loss (typically less than 0.5 dB) in the 70cm band and good rejection (typically over 50dB) in the 2m band. Ideally, the filter should be inserted between the 70cm antenna and the 70cm preamp. It is not recommended to be transmitted through.

Crafted from 3? copper pipe, Joe added silver and teflon trim coax fittings to the input and output connections, this piece of AMSAT history could either be a functional addition to your station or a wonderful conversation piece up on the shack shelf!

Cost $20.00 plus USPS flat rate shipping of $13.50. 

Can send a photo upon request.

73, Nick, KB1RVT




From normanlizeth at gmail.com  Sun Oct 30 21:38:46 2016
From: normanlizeth at gmail.com (Norm n3ykf)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 17:38:46 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Chip for LVB Tracker
In-Reply-To: <068B62D176654ED68E6D4B1DAC565276@BanjoPC>
References: <068B62D176654ED68E6D4B1DAC565276@BanjoPC>
Message-ID: <CAJUhCTPV0pVkhgvPb0rTm5eO5YcsJDAK-n=4mm0S97ObyZOyug@mail.gmail.com>

Retrofitting the LVB tracker with a Mega2560 is pretty simple. K3NG's
code, the original 16x2 lcd, buttons and a shoehorn. Had to drill a
few holes, too.

Added a GPS, it also has a stop/run switch as well as sun and moon
tracking. Time out feature, blah, blah, blah.

Did I forget? It has a USB port. We have truly entered the new century.

 Works just fine with PST rotator or satpc32.

On Sun, Oct 30, 2016 at 6:37 AM, Rich/wa4bue <richard.siff at verizon.net> wrote:
> K4AMG has a LVB tracker.  It lost memory and has been at least temporarily reset.  It was purchased in 2013.  The tracker and electronics are stored at another location.  I think the chip is U-1, PIC16F876.
>
> What is a vendor source for the chip?
>
> God Bless
>
> R
> W4BUE
> Founder K4AMG
> K4AMG.org
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From kellyrkeeton at gmail.com  Sun Oct 30 23:12:56 2016
From: kellyrkeeton at gmail.com (Kelly Keeton)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 16:12:56 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Chip for LVB Tracker
In-Reply-To: <068B62D176654ED68E6D4B1DAC565276@BanjoPC>
References: <068B62D176654ED68E6D4B1DAC565276@BanjoPC>
Message-ID: <AAA5CEC2-B327-47AB-8327-7F4CD1CA89F2@gmail.com>

If the PIC died likely needs replaced direct from source - not a off the shelf part/ custom programmed chip. Also abnormal for a PIC to wipe clean. 

I also agree using mega to replace it has longer term viability. 

Sent from a mobile device. 

> On Oct 30, 2016, at 3:37 AM, Rich/wa4bue <richard.siff at verizon.net> wrote:
> 
> K4AMG has a LVB tracker.  It lost memory and has been at least temporarily reset.  It was purchased in 2013.  The tracker and electronics are stored at another location.  I think the chip is U-1, PIC16F876.
> 
> What is a vendor source for the chip?
> 
> God Bless
> 
> R
> W4BUE
> Founder K4AMG
> K4AMG.org
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From onmontauk at gmail.com  Sun Oct 30 23:20:29 2016
From: onmontauk at gmail.com (Steve A)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 19:20:29 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Trip
Message-ID: <CAD33etra2iZ+jC==GtNzuQsHgXx7dSvGLy9bz08BHE2TVOFD2w@mail.gmail.com>

Again

I Have a car and will be traveling before and after the Symposium. Anyone
looking to tag along?

Steve W2AKK
onmontauk at gmail.com

From les at highnoonfilm.com  Sun Oct 30 23:37:51 2016
From: les at highnoonfilm.com (Les Rayburn)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 18:37:51 -0500
Subject: [amsat-bb] Kenwood TH-D74A for Satellite Work
Message-ID: <2BC5AEEA-DB59-481B-91A8-12A84F690150@highnoonfilm.com>

I?m sure this must have come up before, but unfortunately I missed the discussion. 

Curious if anyone on the list has tried the new Kenwood TH-D74A for satellite work on the FM birds? Is the rig truly dual-band like the TH-D72A? 


73,

Les Rayburn, N1LF
121 Mayfair Park
Maylene, AL 
EM63nf

Member WTFDA, IRCA, NRC. Former CPC Chairman for NRC & IRCA. 

Elad FDM-S2 SDR, AirSpy SDR, Quantum Phaser, Wellbrook ALA1530 Loop, Wellbrook Flag, Clifton Labs Active Whip. 



From kb1pvh at gmail.com  Sun Oct 30 23:40:34 2016
From: kb1pvh at gmail.com (Dave Webb KB1PVH)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 19:40:34 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Kenwood TH-D74A for Satellite Work
In-Reply-To: <2BC5AEEA-DB59-481B-91A8-12A84F690150@highnoonfilm.com>
References: <2BC5AEEA-DB59-481B-91A8-12A84F690150@highnoonfilm.com>
Message-ID: <CAEMY9Ff7tjaVYyeCeq5G2tCtuZJGSEPzJd=viADXfsG31PkP_A@mail.gmail.com>

Les,

Patrick WD9EWK has been testing his and has written about it here
https://forums.qrz.com/index.php?threads/kenwood-th-d74a-for-satellite-work.540096/


Dave-KB1PVH

On Sun, Oct 30, 2016 at 7:37 PM, Les Rayburn <les at highnoonfilm.com> wrote:

> I?m sure this must have come up before, but unfortunately I missed the
> discussion.
>
> Curious if anyone on the list has tried the new Kenwood TH-D74A for
> satellite work on the FM birds? Is the rig truly dual-band like the TH-D72A?
>
>
> 73,
>
> Les Rayburn, N1LF
> 121 Mayfair Park
> Maylene, AL
> EM63nf
>
> Member WTFDA, IRCA, NRC. Former CPC Chairman for NRC & IRCA.
>
> Elad FDM-S2 SDR, AirSpy SDR, Quantum Phaser, Wellbrook ALA1530 Loop,
> Wellbrook Flag, Clifton Labs Active Whip.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions
> expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of
> AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>

From amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net  Mon Oct 31 00:29:11 2016
From: amsat-bb at wd9ewk.net (Patrick STODDARD (WD9EWK/VA7EWK))
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 00:29:11 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Kenwood TH-D74A for Satellite Work
In-Reply-To: <2BC5AEEA-DB59-481B-91A8-12A84F690150@highnoonfilm.com>
References: <2BC5AEEA-DB59-481B-91A8-12A84F690150@highnoonfilm.com>
Message-ID: <CAN6TEUfP5oO5h7+BQQ3PEuxcaqLP-D0bL5pKxSqzmNVO7tFVqg@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Les!

I bought a TH-D74A when they became available at the Phoenix HRO
store just over a month ago. Unlike what was being said at Dayton
earlier this year, the TH-D74A is not capable of cross-band full-
duplex operation like the TH-D72 and TH-D7 HTs. With that said, the
HT has a lot going for it, like also including the 222 MHz band and an
all-mode receiver from the TH-F6A, D-Star (this appears to work very
similar to how Icom's ID-51A operates in D-Star mode), an audio
recorder, and more. Dave KB1PVH listed the link where I have been
posting my comments about this radio as I have used it on the satellites.
The packet/APRS functionality is also good, but with the ISS packet
station down and NO-84's digipeater only activated infrequently, it
may be a while before packet is available via satellite.

73!




Patrick WD9EWK/VA7EWK
http://www.wd9ewk.net/
Twitter: @WD9EWK


On Sun, Oct 30, 2016 at 11:37 PM, Les Rayburn <les at highnoonfilm.com> wrote:

> I?m sure this must have come up before, but unfortunately I missed the
> discussion.
>
> Curious if anyone on the list has tried the new Kenwood TH-D74A for
> satellite work on the FM birds? Is the rig truly dual-band like the TH-D72A?
>
>
> 73,
>
> Les Rayburn, N1LF
>

From mikesprenger at gmail.com  Mon Oct 31 01:18:00 2016
From: mikesprenger at gmail.com (Mike Sprenger)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 21:18:00 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Chip for LVB Tracker
In-Reply-To: <AAA5CEC2-B327-47AB-8327-7F4CD1CA89F2@gmail.com>
References: <068B62D176654ED68E6D4B1DAC565276@BanjoPC>
	<AAA5CEC2-B327-47AB-8327-7F4CD1CA89F2@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <0298763F-029A-49D4-B867-A459BD298E5D@gmail.com>

Ditto I've made up 5 of the arduinos loaded with the K3NG software for G5400 antenna controllers.   That code is a huge benefit to our amateur community.  

Next I'm making an arduino with the same code configured for azimuth only for the hf beam. 

Works great.  

I'd recommend recycling what you can for the case and buttons Etc and put a 16x2 display on the mega and get it going that way. 

Thanks,
Mike

Sent from my iPhone

> On Oct 30, 2016, at 7:12 PM, Kelly Keeton <kellyrkeeton at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> If the PIC died likely needs replaced direct from source - not a off the shelf part/ custom programmed chip. Also abnormal for a PIC to wipe clean. 
> 
> I also agree using mega to replace it has longer term viability. 
> 
> Sent from a mobile device. 
> 
>> On Oct 30, 2016, at 3:37 AM, Rich/wa4bue <richard.siff at verizon.net> wrote:
>> 
>> K4AMG has a LVB tracker.  It lost memory and has been at least temporarily reset.  It was purchased in 2013.  The tracker and electronics are stored at another location.  I think the chip is U-1, PIC16F876.
>> 
>> What is a vendor source for the chip?
>> 
>> God Bless
>> 
>> R
>> W4BUE
>> Founder K4AMG
>> K4AMG.org
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From david.xe3dx at gmail.com  Mon Oct 31 01:28:51 2016
From: david.xe3dx at gmail.com (David Maciel (XE3DX))
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 19:28:51 -0600
Subject: [amsat-bb] Record on SAT FM - SSB ?
Message-ID: <CA+3j0OMd8BBADn+p5rc6MSdOb62yvg_+GBDC4Rj4wvj7x2XoCA@mail.gmail.com>

Anybody know any record of distances in contact Satellite FM and SSB?





David Maciel XE3DX

*http://www.qsl.net/xe3dx/ <http://www.qsl.net/xe3dx/>*

*david.xe3dx at gmail.com <david.xe3dx at gmail.com>*

From n8hm at arrl.net  Mon Oct 31 01:30:16 2016
From: n8hm at arrl.net (Paul Stoetzer)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 21:30:16 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Record on SAT FM - SSB ?
In-Reply-To: <CA+3j0OMd8BBADn+p5rc6MSdOb62yvg_+GBDC4Rj4wvj7x2XoCA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CA+3j0OMd8BBADn+p5rc6MSdOb62yvg_+GBDC4Rj4wvj7x2XoCA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CABzOSOoMPtbO2EqSQeoya2qy81P2tMBWoVB2L75QR=KXBQyNZw@mail.gmail.com>

I've been collecting claimed distance records on each satellite for a
while here: http://www.amsat.org/?page_id=4751

I still need to update SO-50's since the record listed here was broken
last weekend.

73,

Paul, N8HM

On Sun, Oct 30, 2016 at 9:28 PM, David Maciel (XE3DX)
<david.xe3dx at gmail.com> wrote:
> Anybody know any record of distances in contact Satellite FM and SSB?
>
>
>
>
>
> David Maciel XE3DX
>
> *http://www.qsl.net/xe3dx/ <http://www.qsl.net/xe3dx/>*
>
> *david.xe3dx at gmail.com <david.xe3dx at gmail.com>*
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

From vk2fak at gmail.com  Mon Oct 31 02:06:34 2016
From: vk2fak at gmail.com (John Mac)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 02:06:34 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] tlm database
Message-ID: <CANiF7qNNFhk=PMs1Kqp2jpEue_Yah8jsk2xcG7T9na33C7cu_Q@mail.gmail.com>

Hi all...

Just wanting to know if the PE0SAT Tlm db is down, or is it just the
access site thats down...?

John

From scott23192 at gmail.com  Mon Oct 31 02:17:25 2016
From: scott23192 at gmail.com (Scott)
Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2016 22:17:25 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] tlm database
In-Reply-To: <CANiF7qNNFhk=PMs1Kqp2jpEue_Yah8jsk2xcG7T9na33C7cu_Q@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CANiF7qNNFhk=PMs1Kqp2jpEue_Yah8jsk2xcG7T9na33C7cu_Q@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAJCSnOYior73xY=+HBG5zTRAv1qAa2GsiJKdYG2uQjvMcC4Z7w@mail.gmail.com>

Not coming up for me either at the moment, John.  Using a web browser, that
is.

I have not had any telemetry to upload for several hours, so can't speak to
that.

However, I've seen it not respond once or twice in the past and it came
back online an hour or so later.  Assumed it was system maintenance or
something similar.

-Scott,  K4KDR

============================

On Sun, Oct 30, 2016 at 10:06 PM, John Mac <vk2fak at gmail.com> wrote:

> Hi all...
>
> Just wanting to know if the PE0SAT Tlm db is down, or is it just the
> access site thats down...?
>
> John

From pe0sat at vgnet.nl  Mon Oct 31 06:40:11 2016
From: pe0sat at vgnet.nl (PE0SAT | Amateur Radio)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 07:40:11 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] tlm database
In-Reply-To: <CAJCSnOYior73xY=+HBG5zTRAv1qAa2GsiJKdYG2uQjvMcC4Z7w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CANiF7qNNFhk=PMs1Kqp2jpEue_Yah8jsk2xcG7T9na33C7cu_Q@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAJCSnOYior73xY=+HBG5zTRAv1qAa2GsiJKdYG2uQjvMcC4Z7w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <7c336391a96997a22faf000d0d949b43@vgnet.nl>

Good morning,

Sorry for the inconvenience, I 'll look into it right away.

It seems the system provider has some issues with his SAN/NAS 
infrastructure
that is causing the issue.


73 Jan PE0SAT



On 31-10-2016 03:17, Scott wrote:
> Not coming up for me either at the moment, John.  Using a web browser, 
> that
> is.
> 
> I have not had any telemetry to upload for several hours, so can't 
> speak to
> that.
> 
> However, I've seen it not respond once or twice in the past and it 
> came
> back online an hour or so later.  Assumed it was system maintenance or
> something similar.
> 
> -Scott,  K4KDR
> 
> ============================
> 
> On Sun, Oct 30, 2016 at 10:06 PM, John Mac <vk2fak at gmail.com> wrote:
> 
>> Hi all...
>> 
>> Just wanting to know if the PE0SAT Tlm db is down, or is it just the
>> access site thats down...?
>> 
>> John
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
> Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
> of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
> program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb

-- 
With regards PE0SAT
Internet web-page http://www.pe0sat.vgnet.nl/
DK3WN SatBlog http://www.dk3wn.info/p/
irc://chat.freenode.net #Cubesat - Twitter @pe0sat

From pe0sat at vgnet.nl  Mon Oct 31 09:27:29 2016
From: pe0sat at vgnet.nl (PE0SAT | Amateur Radio)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 10:27:29 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] TLMDB (Online Telemetry database error)
In-Reply-To: <7c336391a96997a22faf000d0d949b43@vgnet.nl>
References: <CANiF7qNNFhk=PMs1Kqp2jpEue_Yah8jsk2xcG7T9na33C7cu_Q@mail.gmail.com>
	<CAJCSnOYior73xY=+HBG5zTRAv1qAa2GsiJKdYG2uQjvMcC4Z7w@mail.gmail.com>
	<7c336391a96997a22faf000d0d949b43@vgnet.nl>
Message-ID: <5dd0e6eb95334fc0d67d8c13766d89e1@vgnet.nl>

Update: Outage is resolved

Thanks for your continuing support.


73 Jan PE0SAT

-- 
With regards PE0SAT
Internet web-page http://www.pe0sat.vgnet.nl/
DK3WN SatBlog http://www.dk3wn.info/p/
Online Telemetry Database: http://tlm.pe0sat.nl/
irc://chat.freenode.net #Cubesat - Twitter @pe0sat


On 31-10-2016 07:40, PE0SAT | Amateur Radio wrote:
> Good morning,
> 
> Sorry for the inconvenience, I 'll look into it right away.
> 
> It seems the system provider has some issues with his SAN/NAS 
> infrastructure
> that is causing the issue.
> 
> 
> 73 Jan PE0SAT
> 
> 
> 
> On 31-10-2016 03:17, Scott wrote:
>> Not coming up for me either at the moment, John.  Using a web 
>> browser, that
>> is.
>> I have not had any telemetry to upload for several hours, so can't 
>> speak to
>> that.
>> However, I've seen it not respond once or twice in the past and it 
>> came
>> back online an hour or so later.  Assumed it was system maintenance 
>> or
>> something similar.
>> -Scott,  K4KDR
>> ============================
>> On Sun, Oct 30, 2016 at 10:06 PM, John Mac <vk2fak at gmail.com> wrote:
>> 
>>> Hi all...
>>> Just wanting to know if the PE0SAT Tlm db is down, or is it just the
>>> access site thats down...?
>>> John
>> _______________________________________________
>> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
>> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership.
>> Opinions expressed
>> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views
>> of AMSAT-NA.
>> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite 
>> program!
>> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb



From bruninga at usna.edu  Mon Oct 31 12:32:20 2016
From: bruninga at usna.edu (Robert Bruninga)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 08:32:20 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] Kenwood TH-D74A for Satellite Work
In-Reply-To: <2BC5AEEA-DB59-481B-91A8-12A84F690150@highnoonfilm.com>
References: <2BC5AEEA-DB59-481B-91A8-12A84F690150@highnoonfilm.com>
Message-ID: <d52cea27d7bed5c1861b82d8a6b3527c@mail.gmail.com>

It is dual band but not full duplex.
The model TH-D72 is the full duplex one.
Bob

-----Original Message-----
> I?m sure this must have come up before, but unfortunately I missed the
> discussion.

> Curious if anyone on the list has tried the new Kenwood TH-D74A for
> satellite work on the FM birds? Is the rig truly dual-band like the
> TH-D72A?

From LB2TG at hotmail.com  Mon Oct 31 12:05:50 2016
From: LB2TG at hotmail.com (LB2TG Paul)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 12:05:50 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] Satpc32-icom 910h-subtone.sqf
Message-ID: <DB5PR08MB0808FF3AB3D6FDA43A31CDA0E0AE0@DB5PR08MB0808.eurprd08.prod.outlook.com>

Hello.

Can anyone help with the syntax in the subtone.sqf for ic-910?
I have tried "almost everthing" but the subtone are still in the standard value 88.5
I can set it manually to 67.0 and 74.4 for SO-50.
I also see that I have to change "NOR" and "REV" manually.

Maybe some can write this line correct for Icom IC-910?

SO-50,67.0,???
SO-50,74.4,???

When I connect, and change the settings, my old TS-790 works great.

73, Paul LB2TG




From LB2TG at hotmail.com  Mon Oct 31 12:44:19 2016
From: LB2TG at hotmail.com (LB2TG Paul)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 12:44:19 +0000
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 (12.8c)-icom 910-subtone.sqf
Message-ID: <DB5PR08MB0808AD4CE3E8F62117706C51E0AE0@DB5PR08MB0808.eurprd08.prod.outlook.com>

Hello.

Can anyone help with the syntax in the subtone.sqf for ic-910?
I have tried "almost everthing" but the subtone are still in the standard value 88.5
I can set it manually to 67.0 and 74.4 for SO-50.
I also see that I have to change "NOR" and "REV" manually.

Maybe some can write this line correct for Icom IC-910?

SO-50,67.0,???
SO-50,74.4,???

When I connect, and change the settings for the rig, my old TS-790 works great.

73, Paul LB2TG


From w4upd at cfl.rr.com  Mon Oct 31 13:32:38 2016
From: w4upd at cfl.rr.com (w4upd)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 09:32:38 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 (12.8c)-icom 910-subtone.sqf
In-Reply-To: <DB5PR08MB0808AD4CE3E8F62117706C51E0AE0@DB5PR08MB0808.eurprd08.prod.outlook.com>
References: <DB5PR08MB0808AD4CE3E8F62117706C51E0AE0@DB5PR08MB0808.eurprd08.prod.outlook.com>
Message-ID: <581747F6.7000704@cfl.rr.com>

My IC-910 settings:

The following lines for SubTone.SQF are in my file for SO-50 and work fine.

SO-50,67.0,$3F,1
SO-50,74.4,$3E,3

The following in Doppler.SQF

SO-50,436795,145850,FM,FM,NOR,0,0

Make sure under MODE setup you use 60$ for the IC-910.

You shouldn't have to do anything manually unless you want to override 
for a particular reason.

Reid, W4UPD


On 10/31/2016 8:44 AM, LB2TG Paul wrote:
> Hello.
>
> Can anyone help with the syntax in the subtone.sqf for ic-910?
> I have tried "almost everthing" but the subtone are still in the standard value 88.5
> I can set it manually to 67.0 and 74.4 for SO-50.
> I also see that I have to change "NOR" and "REV" manually.
>
> Maybe some can write this line correct for Icom IC-910?
>
> SO-50,67.0,???
> SO-50,74.4,???
>
> When I connect, and change the settings for the rig, my old TS-790 works great.
>
> 73, Paul LB2TG
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb
>


From w2hro.fn20 at gmail.com  Mon Oct 31 13:48:04 2016
From: w2hro.fn20 at gmail.com (Paul Andrews)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 09:48:04 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] FT-847 for Sale
Message-ID: <CAOsf+NScdpR3iU9kkk98xGRAutvZy5tr6vCPQunF9Dcd_-3W6w@mail.gmail.com>

FT-847 for Sale.    Priced to sell quickly - $1000

HF 100W / 2M 50W / 70cm 50W / All Mode
Excellent condition.  User Manual.

- True full duplex radio for satellite with CAT Control
- Includes Fun Dongle Plus for IF Panadapter. (Included)
- Mod for independent TX / RX ports
- Mod for IF Tap for Panadapter
- Mod for Khune Xtal Heater
- Mods can be easily removed if requested.

I also have an

- M2 2MCP22 - Assembled New Unused
- M2 436CP42UG - Assembled New Unused
- Sold as a pair - Make an offer

Contact W2HRO for additional details.

From clintbrad4d at earthlink.net  Mon Oct 31 15:46:30 2016
From: clintbrad4d at earthlink.net (Clint Bradford)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 08:46:30 -0700
Subject: [amsat-bb] Kenwood TH-D74A for Satellite Work
In-Reply-To: <mailman.3205.1477876683.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
References: <mailman.3205.1477876683.3030.amsat-bb@amsat.org>
Message-ID: <460A2EBF-CBE6-4CF5-BFBC-DF8964C4B2C9@earthlink.net>

NO - The new US$650 Kenwood THD-74a will NOT perform in true, full-duplex mode like the '72a. And will NOT be 
firmware-upgraded to do so. There is a rumor that Kenwood might be considering the 'D72a as a "replacement" for 
the TH-F6a - again, just a rumor, but from a good source.

Want a SINGLE rig to perform U/V and V/U modes for the FM birds? The Kenwood TH-D72a at US$390. 

I am trying to work a couple more passes with the HRO-distributed Powerwerx UV-9D(Plus) on SO-50 - to see 
how well it does on both U/V and V/U FM voice modes.

Clint Bradford K6LCS
http:/www.work-sat.com

PS Don't forget the Palm Springs HamFest on Saturday, February 4, 2017, being held at the beautiful Palm Springs 
Air Museum! Satellite presentation at 11am in the Major General Ken Miles Aviation Science Center. SO-50 
pass right before that ... plenty of ham history, aeronautical history, and plenty for the family to do for just 
$8 admission!

From w2hro.fn20 at gmail.com  Mon Oct 31 18:53:21 2016
From: w2hro.fn20 at gmail.com (Paul Andrews)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 14:53:21 -0400
Subject: [amsat-bb] FT-847 for Sale
In-Reply-To: <CAOsf+NScdpR3iU9kkk98xGRAutvZy5tr6vCPQunF9Dcd_-3W6w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOsf+NScdpR3iU9kkk98xGRAutvZy5tr6vCPQunF9Dcd_-3W6w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAOsf+NT5mOXkxERwUtgy3_6Yoy8zwzgxT031nPbWDya0ho35Dw@mail.gmail.com>

Thanks AMSAT-BB

The FT-847 has been sold.

--------------

The M2 satellite antennas are still available:

- M2 2MCP22 - Assembled New Unused - $250
- M2 436CP42UG - Assembled New Unused - $250

Local pickup or delivery is best.

73 - Paul - W2HRO

On Mon, Oct 31, 2016 at 9:48 AM, Paul Andrews <w2hro.fn20 at gmail.com> wrote:
> FT-847 for Sale.    Priced to sell quickly - $1000
>
> HF 100W / 2M 50W / 70cm 50W / All Mode
> Excellent condition.  User Manual.
>
> - True full duplex radio for satellite with CAT Control
> - Includes Fun Dongle Plus for IF Panadapter. (Included)
> - Mod for independent TX / RX ports
> - Mod for IF Tap for Panadapter
> - Mod for Khune Xtal Heater
> - Mods can be easily removed if requested.
>
> I also have an
>
> - M2 2MCP22 - Assembled New Unused
> - M2 436CP42UG - Assembled New Unused
> - Sold as a pair - Make an offer
>
> Contact W2HRO for additional details.

From erich.eichmann at t-online.de  Mon Oct 31 22:16:46 2016
From: erich.eichmann at t-online.de (Erich Eichmann)
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2016 23:16:46 +0100
Subject: [amsat-bb] SatPC32 (12.8c)-icom 910-subtone.sqf
In-Reply-To: <DB5PR08MB0808AD4CE3E8F62117706C51E0AE0@DB5PR08MB0808.eurprd08.prod.outlook.com>
References: <DB5PR08MB0808AD4CE3E8F62117706C51E0AE0@DB5PR08MB0808.eurprd08.prod.outlook.com>
Message-ID: <1350355f-010c-8fe4-1cdb-0f10973ade23@t-online.de>

Paul,
the subtone.sqf that comes with SatPC32 should work. A reason of the 
problem could be: With the American version of the IC-910H you need the 
SatPC32 version for American users, with the European model  the program 
version for European users. The two models models are different 
regarding control of the sub tone functions and with the wrong SatPC32 
version sub tone control doesn't work.

The REV/NOR parameter in Doppler.SQF doesn't switch the radio between 
revers and normal satellite tracking. With REV the program changes 
uplink and downlink in the opposite directions when you tune around the 
passband, with NOR in the same directions (only AO-07 in mode A at 
present). With FM sats the setting is meaningless.

73s, Erich, DK1TB


Am 31.10.2016 um 13:44 schrieb LB2TG Paul:
> Hello.
>
> Can anyone help with the syntax in the subtone.sqf for ic-910?
> I have tried "almost everthing" but the subtone are still in the standard value 88.5
> I can set it manually to 67.0 and 74.4 for SO-50.
> I also see that I have to change "NOR" and "REV" manually.
>
> Maybe some can write this line correct for Icom IC-910?
>
> SO-50,67.0,???
> SO-50,74.4,???
>
> When I connect, and change the settings for the rig, my old TS-790 works great.
>
> 73, Paul LB2TG
>
> _______________________________________________
> Sent via AMSAT-BB at amsat.org. AMSAT-NA makes this open forum available
> to all interested persons worldwide without requiring membership. Opinions expressed
> are solely those of the author, and do not reflect the official views of AMSAT-NA.
> Not an AMSAT-NA member? Join now to support the amateur satellite program!
> Subscription settings: http://www.amsat.org/mailman/listinfo/amsat-bb