[amsat-bb] Re: Galileo interference on L band

[Bob McGwier]

Allow me  to add (AGAIN) for emphasis that the issue is the near/far 
problem.  Maybe I should explain this in more detail as I think John and 
I are assuming that while you might not necessarily be able to calculate 
the exact path loss,  you had an intutive understanding for the 
problem.  The differences in distances are ENORMOUS.  The Galileo 
satellites will typically be something like the circumference of the 
earth away from you and the best case is 1/2 the circumference of the earth.

The path loss from Galileo to your location is in the very best case 
given the planned orbit is approximately 180 dB.

The path loss from you to your neighbor a km away is about 93 dB.   
100km improves this by approximately 55  dB.  That is,   ANY 
interference from your station given equal powers is inherently 87 dB 
stronger at the ground station than Galileo at 1 km  and at 100 km, it 
is inherently ~30 dB stronger.   Even if you factor in different powers 
on the spacecraft and ground,  and losses from circularity,  
polarization,  sidelobes,  blah blah,   10^9  is a BILLION times 
advantage for your signal to clobber the Galileo signal before you take 
these into account.  This calculation does not include any shaping of 
the beam on your part so a few dB gain in the direction of the ground 
station and the problem is worse.     As the airplane approaches your 
location from 100 km,  you will overload the front end without drastic 
measures taken by the manufacturers.

Please understand the engineers designing the Galileo system understand 
these issues well.  They will argue very strongly that the interference 
sources be removed since they do not wish to notch you by 90 dB!

Bob
N4HY

John B. Stephensen wrote:

>The article predicts that there may be limitations on the amateur service. 
>The biggest problem is sidelobes from the antenna that can be of either 
>polarization sense. A 16 kW EIRP uplink can easily generate 500 W EIRP 
>sidelobes (15 dB down) within the Galileo receiver passband and, replicating 
>the calculations outlined in the article, they can cause interference from 
>42 km away.
>
>73,
>
>John
>KD6OZH
>
>----- Original Message ----- 
>From: "Marc Franco" <lu6dw at yahoo.com>
>To: <amsat-bb at amsat.org>
>Sent: Wednesday, September 20, 2006 19:03 UTC
>Subject: [amsat-bb] Galileo interference on L band
>
>
>  
>
>>John,
>>
>>Galileo is circularly polarized, so using the opposite
>>polarization sense will help.
>>
>>An excellent paper on Galileo interference was written
>>by Peter Blair, G3LTF, a well known moonbounce
>>authority and outstanding engineer. The paper can be
>>found following this link:
>>
>>http://www.southgatearc.org/articles/galileo.htm
>>
>>
>>73, Marc N2UO
>>
>>
>>--- "John B. Stephensen" <kd6ozh at comcast.net> wrote:
>>
>>    
>>
>>>Unfortunately, the Gaileo downlink covers 1258-1299
>>>MHz, the first satellite
>>>has been lanched and the satellites in the
>>>constellation will be on over the
>>>entire world. Our uplink antennas have sidelobes
>>>that are 10-20 dB down, so
>>>a 1 kW EIRP SSB uplink results in 10-100 W radiated
>>>towards terrestrial
>>>receivers. A 256 kbps uplink would require 16 kW
>>>EIRP and be 0.5-1 MHz wide.
>>>
>>>P3E has a second L receiver tuned to a null in the
>>>Galileo signal (there is
>>>only one null in the 1260-1270 MHz band) but no one
>>>knows if this will help.
>>>SSB users can move to the U uplink if L is a
>>>problem. However, this only
>>>works for narrowband signals. A wideband uplink
>>>won't fit in the null and
>>>can't move down in frequency.
>>>
>>>73,
>>>
>>>John
>>>KD6OZH
>>>      
>>>
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>>
>
>_______________________________________________
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>  
>


-- 
Robert W. McGwier, Ph.D.
Center for Communications Research
805 Bunn Drive
Princeton, NJ 08540
(609)-924-4600
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